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Guidance on Developing a National Deployment and Vaccination Plan

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Guidance on Developing a National Deployment and Vaccination Plan Guidance on developing a national deployment and vaccination plan for COVID-19 vaccines INTERIM GUIDANCE 16 NOVEMBER 2020 Guidance on developing a national deployment and vaccination plan for COVID-19 vaccines INTERIM GUIDANCE 16 NOVEMBER 2020 WHO/2019-nCoV/Vaccine_deployment/2020.1 © World Health Organization 2020 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. If you create a translation of this work, you should add the following disclaimer along with the suggested citation: “This translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition”. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization. (http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules/) Suggested citation. Guidance on developing a national deployment and vaccination plan for COVID-19 vaccines. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020 (WHO/2019-nCoV/Vaccine_deployment/2020.1). Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data. CIP data are available at http://apps.who.int/iris. Sales, rights and licensing. To purchase WHO publications, see http://apps.who.int/bookorders. To submit requests for commercial use and queries on rights and licensing, see http://www.who.int/about/licensing. Third-party materials. If you wish to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such as tables, figures or images, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that reuse and to obtain permission from the copyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of any third-party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user. General disclaimers. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WHO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ rp oducts does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by WHO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by WHO to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall WHO be liable for damages arising from its use. Contents Acknowledgements .................................................................... v Abbreviations ........................................................................ vi About this guide ..................................................................... viii Target audience .....................................................................ix Objectives of the guidance document ...................................................ix Organization and scope of the guidance document .......................................ix Role of WHO SAGE on immunization .................................................... x Key assumptions informing this guidance ............................................... x 1. Introduction ......................................................................... 1 1.1 Objectives of this chapter ........................................................ 2 1.2 Background ................................................................... 2 1.3 Coronavirus disease 2019 ........................................................ 2 1.4 COVAX and COVID-19 vaccines.................................................... 2 1.5 Considerations for COVID-19 vaccine introduction .................................... 4 1.6 Coordination with other health programmes or sectors ............................... 5 2. Regulatory preparedness .............................................................. 6 2.1 Objectives of this chapter ........................................................ 7 2.2 Establish emergency regulatory procedures ......................................... 7 3. Planning and coordination ........................................................... 10 3.1 Objectives of this chapter ....................................................... 11 3.2 Establish or adapt a COVID-19 vaccine deployment and vaccination coordination mechanism .................................................................. 11 3.3 Activate the national immunization technical advisory group ......................... 12 3.4 Establish a chain of reporting and management structure ............................ 13 4. Costing and funding: ensuring funds reach the point of delivery ........................... 15 4.1 Objectives of this chapter ....................................................... 16 4.2 Identify budget inputs and the responsible budgetary units .......................... 16 4.3 Estimate funding needs (costing) ................................................. 16 4.4 Assess and align costed plan within available resources .............................. 17 4.5 Assess need for changes in budgetary and public financial management processes ....... 18 5. Identification of target populations .................................................... 19 5.1 Objectives of this chapter ....................................................... 20 5.2 Global allocation of COVID-19 vaccines ........................................... 20 5.3 Define and identify target populations ............................................ 20 5.4 Estimate size of targeted populations ............................................. 21 5.5 Assure equity in distribution .................................................... 21 6. Vaccination delivery strategies ........................................................ 24 6.1 Objectives of this chapter ....................................................... 25 6.2 Vaccination strategies .......................................................... 25 7. Preparation of supply chain and management of health care waste ......................... 28 7.1 Objectives of this chapter ...................................................... 29 7.2 Prepare supply chain for vaccine deployment ...................................... 29 Contents iii 7.3 Strengthen supply chain human resource capacity .................................. 30 7.4 Assess vaccine, logistics and cold chain capacity needs ............................... 30 7.5 Ensure supply chain system functionality .......................................... 31 7.6 Manage and track vaccines effectively ............................................. 31 7.7 Prepare for COVID-19 vaccine requiring ultra-cold chain (UCC) storage temperature ...... 32 7.8 Manage reverse logistics ........................................................ 33 7.9 Manage health care waste ...................................................... 33 8. Human resource management and training ............................................. 35 8.1 Objectives of this chapter ....................................................... 36 8.2 Identify human resources needs ................................................. 36 8.3 Design and plan trainings ....................................................... 36 8.4 Decide on training methods ..................................................... 37 8.5 Enhance supportive supervision ................................................. 38 8.6 Access key resources from WHO and other partners ................................. 38 8.7 Prepare for unique scenarios .................................................... 38 9. Vaccine acceptance and uptake (demand) .............................................. 39 9.1 Objectives of this chapter ....................................................... 40 9.2 Initiate demand planning ....................................................... 40 9.3 Understand and act on the drivers of vaccine acceptance and uptake ................... 41 9.4 Develop an integrated demand approach.......................................... 42 10. Vaccine safety monitoring, management of adverse events following i mmunization (AEFI) and injection safety .............................................. 45 10.1 Objectives of this chapter ....................................................... 46 10.2 Address vaccine safety and pharmacovigilance challenges ............................ 46 10.3 Key vaccine pharmacovigilance considerations and the WHO COVID-19
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