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Census 2011 Upsc CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 - 15TH CENSUS OF INDIA According to the statement released by the Registrar General of India (RGI) for all states and Union territories across the country, there will be recruitment of a Special Charge Officer who will be responsible for holding the 2021 census in areas that are controlled and occupied solely by the defence forces, Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) and Border Security Force (BSF). The census will be conducted in two phases. The planned rounds for the Census 2021 are given below: 1. First phase – House listing operations will be conducted in any two months chosen by the respective states between April and September 2020. 2. Second phase – Actual population enumeration will be done from February 9 to February 28, 2021 3. Final phase – Revision round of the above two phases from March 1 to March 5, 2021 Importance of Census The Census is one of the most credible sources of information on the following: • Demography • Economic Activity • Literacy and Education • Housing & Household Amenities • Urbanization, Fertility, and Mortality • Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes • Language The Census was first started under British Viceroy Lord Mayo in 1872. It helped in framing new policies, government programs to uplift areas of improvement in the community. Highlights of 2011 Census of India The Census of India 2011 was organized in two stages as trails House listing and Housing Census and Population Enumeration. The population of India has augmented by more than 181 million during the decade 2001-2011. As per the 2011 Census population report of India is pegged at 1.21 billion, a surge of more than 181 million in the last 10 years. Here we are giving the key facts and data of Census of India. The 15th Census of India and the 7th Census of Independent India-2011 was started on 1st April 2010 with President being the first citizen to be enumerated, followed by Vice President of India. The slogan of census 2011 was ‘Our Census, Our future’. C. Chandramouli was the Census Commissioner of India 2011. Census of India 2011 was conducted in two stages: • House listing & Housing Census: (April to September 2010) • Population Enumeration (9th to 28 February 2011) The population of the nation as per the provisional figures of Census 2011 is 1210.19 million of which 623.7 million (51.54%) are males and 586.46 million (48.46%) are females. Uttar Pradesh is the most populous State in the India which is considered as the population more than the population of Brazil. Census of India – 2011 Data www.pragnyaias.com 7288081111 The 15th Census of India was conducted in 2011. Facts – Census 2011 State with the highest population density Bihar State with the lowest population density Arunachal Pradesh Union territory with least population Lakshadweep State with the highest population Uttar Pradesh State with the lowest population Sikkim State with the highest sex ratio Kerala State with the lowest sex ratio Haryana State with the highest literacy rate Kerala State with the lowest literacy rate Bihar The demographic data can be found below: Total Population – 2011 Census www.pragnyaias.com 7288081111 Population Density www.pragnyaias.com 7288081111 Sex Ratio www.pragnyaias.com 7288081111 Literacy Rate Literacy Rate in India (Category) Data from Census of India 2011 Males 82.14% Females 65.46% Overall Literacy 74% www.pragnyaias.com 7288081111 UPSC Related Questions 1. Which state of India has the lowest Literacy rate as per the 2011 Census? Ans. Bihar is the least literate state in India, with a literacy of 63.82%. 2. What is the sex ratio of India as per the 2011 Census? Ans. As per the 2011 Census, the sex ratio in India is 940 females per 1000 males. 3. What is the position of Madhya Pradesh with respect to the total population in India? Ans. Madhya Pradesh is the fifth largest populated state. 4. What is the percentage of the urban population in India as per 2011 Census? Ans. 31.165 of the total population can be categorized under Urban as per the 2011 Census of India. 5. What is the population of India according to the 2011 census? Ans. According to the census reports of the Indian Census 2011, the population of India is 1,210,854,977 with 623, 724, 248 males and 586,469, 174 females. 6. Which state of India has the highest population density as per the 2011 census? Ans. Bihar has the highest population density (1102/sq.km). 7. Which state of India has the least population as per the 2011 census? Ans. The least populated state in the country is Sikkim with a population of 6.71 lakhs. 8. Which state of India has the least population density as per the 2011 census? Ans. Arunachal Pradesh has the lowest record of population density having just 17 per square kilometre. 9. Which state has the highest urban population in India as per the 2011 census? Ans. Goa is the most urbanized state with 62.17% of the population living in urban areas. 10. What is the literacy rate of India as per the 2011 census? Ans. The overall literacy rate in India is 74% according to the 2011 census. 11. Which district of Punjab has the highest population according to the 2011 census of India? Ans. Ludhiana is the most populated district in the state of Punjab. 12. Which state of India has a negative population growth rate as per the 2011 census? Ans. Nagaland is the only state in the country to record negative growth in population. 13. What is the total population in India as per the 2011 census? Ans. According to the census reports of the Indian Census 2011, the population of India is 1,210,854,977 with 623, 724, 248 males and 586,469, 174 females. 14. Name the most densely populated state of India as per the 2011 census. Ans. Bihar is the most densely populated state in India. 15. Which is the largest tribal group of India as per census 2011? Ans. According to the 2011 Census of India, Bhil is the most populous tribe with a total population of 4,618,068, constituting 37.7 per cent of the total ST population. 16. Which state of India has the lowest sex ratio as per census-2011? Ans. Haryana features the lowest sex ratio in India with just 877 women per 1000 males. 17. According to the census of 2011, which is the second most spoken language in India? www.pragnyaias.com 7288081111 Ans. Bengali is the second most spoken language in India. 18. According to census 2011, Which state has the highest population of tigers in India? Ans. Madhya Pradesh has the highest number of tigers in India which is 526. 19. What is the second most populated state of India? Ans. Maharashtra is the second most populous state in India. 20. Who is the 2011 census commissioner of India? Ans. C M Chandramauli was the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India for the 2011 Indian Census. MAINS---INDIAN SOCIETY Census 2021 The next census of India to be conducted in 2021 with March 1, 2021 as the reference date, except for the states of Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand. ▪ The Census 2021 will be conducted in 18 languages out of the 22 scheduled languages (under 8th schedule) and English, while Census 2011 was in 16 of the 22 scheduled languages declared at that time. ▪ It also will introduce a code directory to streamline the process ▪ The option of “Other” under the gender category will be changed to “Third Gender”. o There were roughly 5 lakh people under "other" category in 2011. ▪ For the first time in the 140 year history of census in India, data is proposed to be collected through a mobile app by enumerators and they will receive an additional payment as an incentive. ▪ The Census data would be available by the year 2024-25 as the entire process would be conducted digitally and data crunching would be quicker. o Data from the Census 2011 is still being released. E.g.: The dataset on migration was published recently. Issue of Caste Data Collection ▪ Earlier in 2018, the Ministry of Home Affairs had declared that the Other Backward Class (OBC) category would be included in the Census 2021. o However, the Registrar-General of India (RGI) has said that only SC/ST will be included as the unreliable nature of caste data collection decreases the credibility of the results. E.g.: A person belonging to the Yadav caste writes Yadu, Yaduvanshi, etc. in the form; there is no standardisation. People sometimes even confuse caste with gotra. ▪ The 2011 caste data, collected as part of the Socio Economic Caste Census (SECC), is yet to be released by the Centre. o Even a committee formed under former vice-chairman of NITI Aayog, Arvind Panagariya to find a way to publish the 2011 Socio-economic and Caste Census data failed to provide any tangible outcome. ▪ The last caste-based census was conducted by the British in 1931. Census ▪ The census provides information on size, distribution and socio-economic, demographic and other characteristics of the country's population. www.pragnyaias.com 7288081111 ▪ 'Rig-Veda' reveals that some kind of population count was maintained during 800-600 BC in India. ▪ Arthashastr by 'Kautilya' written in the 3rd Century BC prescribed the collection of population statistics as a measure of state policy for taxation. ▪ During the regime of the Mughal king Akbar, the administrative report 'Ain-e- Akbari' included comprehensive data pertaining to population, industry, wealth and many other characteristics.
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