Signorie in Lunigiana
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L'identità Della Toscana
L’identità della Toscana sintetico percorso storico-tematico a cura di Veronica Ferretti Le immagini del percorso storico sono della curatrice Le immagini del percorso tematico sono state concesse da Parallelo © 2017 Consiglio regionale della Toscana Settore “Biblioteca e documentazione. Archivio e protocollo. Comunicazione, editoria, URP e sito web. Tipografia” Progetto grafico e impaginazione: Daniele Russo Novembre 2017 Sommario Introduzione di Eugenio Giani 5 Premessa di Andrea Cecconi 11 Percorso storico Gli Etruschi e la Toscana 15 La Toscana romana di Augusto (I Sec. a.C.) 21 La Toscana romana di Diocleziano e i regni barbarici (297 d.C.) 27 La marca di Toscana e l’Alto Medioevo 33 La Toscana dai Comuni al Granducato Mediceo 39 La Toscana da Napoleone a Leopoldo II di Lorena 45 La Toscana dal 1948 all’Unità d’Italia 49 Percorso tematico Il Pegaso, simbolo della Regione Toscana 55 L’identità culturale della Toscana 57 Grandi personaggi della Toscana 69 Risorse economiche e del lavoro in Toscana 97 Paesaggio ed architetture urbane in Toscana 103 Nota biografica della curatrice 111 3 La Regione Toscana - X legislatura Il Presidente Enrico Rossi Il Consiglio regionale Ufficio di Presidenza Eugenio Giani Presidente Lucia De Robertis Vicepresidente Marco Stella Vicepresidente Giovanni Donzelli Segretario Antonio Mazzeo Segretario Consiglieri Alberti Jacopo Lega Nord Anselmi Gianni Partito Democratico Baccelli Stefano Partito Democratico Baldi Massimo Partito Democratico Bambagioni Paolo Partito Democratico Bezzini Simone Partito Democratico -
Machiavelli: the Prince
The Prince by Niccolo Machiavelli The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Prince, by Nicolo Machiavelli This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: The Prince Author: Nicolo Machiavelli Translator: W. K. Marriott Release Date: February 11, 2006 [EBook #1232] Last Updated: November 5, 2012 Language: English Character set encoding: ASCII *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE PRINCE *** Produced by John Bickers, David Widger and Others THE PRINCE by Nicolo Machiavelli Translated by W. K. Marriott Nicolo Machiavelli, born at Florence on 3rd May 1469. From 1494 to 1512 held an official post at Florence which included diplomatic missions to various European courts. Imprisoned in Florence, 1512; later exiled and returned to San Casciano. Died at Florence on 22nd June 1527. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION YOUTH Aet. 1-25—1469-94 OFFICE Aet. 25-43—1494-1512 LITERATURE AND DEATH Aet. 43-58—1512-27 THE MAN AND HIS WORKS DEDICATION THE PRINCE CHAPTER I HOW MANY KINDS OF PRINCIPALITIES THERE ARE CHAPTER II CONCERNING HEREDITARY PRINCIPALITIES CHAPTER III CONCERNING MIXED PRINCIPALITIES CHAPTER IV WHY THE KINGDOM OF DARIUS, CONQUERED BY ALEXANDER CHAPTER V CONCERNING THE WAY TO GOVERN CITIES OR PRINCIPALITIES CHAPTER VI CONCERNING NEW PRINCIPALITIES WHICH ARE ACQUIRED CHAPTER VII CONCERNING NEW PRINCIPALITIES WHICH ARE ACQUIRED CHAPTER VIII CONCERNING -
The Wanderer ’S Guide
The Wanderer ’s Guide To Lucca The Wanderer ’s Guide to Lucca Brian R. Lindquist Lindquist Historical Guides, Inc. Bridgeport, Connecticut THe WandeReR’s GuIde To LuCCa by Brian Robert Lindquist Copyright © 2011 by Brian R. Lindquist all rights reserved IsBn: 978-0-9828827-0-2 Lindquist Historical Guides, Inc. 119 Midland street Bridgeport, Connecticut 06605 www.lindquistguides.com Printed in the united states of america For Wendy In memory of Peter Della Santina Acknowledgments Krishna Ghosh della santina, for sharing her home and family during many stays in Lucca. silvia scuoteguazza, anna Lia nannipieri, and antonio nannipieri, whose friendship and hospitality made the fulfillment of this project possible. antonio for the photographs of san Matteo. Giovanni sinicropi and andreina Bianchini, for being there from beginning to end and at every turn in the path. neil Guy, for enthusiastically sharing his deep knowledge of the architecture of Lucca, and for being the best of wandering companions. dott. Marco Paoli, director of the Biblioteca statale di Lucca, for his warm welcome, encouragement, and assistance at the inception of this project. darcy Witham of dW Graphics, who turned this manuscript into a book. The people of Lucca, who have been practicing hospitality for two thousand years. Glenn Magnell, who sent me to Italy for the first time, knowing it would seduce me. My family, without whose steadfast patience and love this book would never have been conceived nor finished. “…and so straight to my first fixed aim, Lucca, where I settled my self for ten days—as I supposed. It turned out forty years…” John Ruskin, recalling his visit in 1845 at the age of twenty-six. -
PRESIDENZA DEL CONSIGLIO DEI MINISTRI Indirizzo COLLOCATI a RIPOSO (ART
N.B. - A fianco di ciascun nominativo sono indicati luogo e data di nascita PRESIDENZA DEL CONSIGLIO DEI MINISTRI Indirizzo COLLOCATI A RIPOSO (ART. 7) Con decreti in data 23 gennaio 2008 Commendatore Ciocci Sig.ra Maria Rosaria Forano 24/05/1942 Pulcinelli Sig. Giulio Cristoforo Ronciglione 13/01/1941 Sabatino Dott. Francesco Borgia 15/09/1940 Ufficiale Piasenti Sig.ra Renata Fiume 03/04/1946 Cavaliere Marini Sig. Giovanni Roma 27/07/1940 Torelli Sig. Enzo Castiglione del Lago 06/03/1944 Con decreti in data 2 giugno 2008 Cavaliere di Gran Croce Di Martino Dott. Vincenzo La Spezia 16/02/1933 Fiduccia Dott. Gaetano Firenze 27/08/1932 Scandurra Dott. Giuseppe Messina 07/05/1932 Grande Ufficiale Bruni Avv. Italo Catanzaro 21/10/1940 Vitale Rag. Silvestro Silvio Carlentini 31/03/1941 STRANIERI (ART. 7) Con decreti in data 2 giugno 2008 Cavaliere di Gran Croce Matsubara S.E. Sig.ra Nobuko Tokio 09/01/1941 Taccetti S.E. Victorio Maria José Buenos Aires 22/01/1943 Commendatore Fox Dott. Richard J. New York 24/02/1947 Pagina 1di 29 Indirizzo Metzger Ing. Jean-Marie Clichy 11/07/1951 Thellier-Thompson Sig. Gilles Boulogne sur Mer 24/06/1957 Cavaliere Clerc Sig. Alain Tunisi 19/11/1942 NORMALI Con decreti in data 2 giugno 2008 Cavaliere di Gran Croce Armellini Sig. Manlio Porto San Giorgio 09/10/1937 Cabigiosu Gen. C. d' A. Carlo Brunico 22/06/1939 Courtial Dott. Hans Albert Dietkirchen 17/05/1946 Di Fonso Dott. Aldo Lorenzo Pettorano sul Gizio 10/08/1932 Manganelli Dott. -
Political Conspiracy in Florence, 1340-1382 A
POLITICAL CONSPIRACY IN FLORENCE, 1340-1382 A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Cornell University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Robert A. Fredona February 2010 © 2010 Robert A. Fredona POLITICAL CONSPIRACY IN FLORENCE, 1340-82 Robert A. Fredona, Ph. D. Cornell University 2010 This dissertation examines the role of secret practices of opposition in the urban politics of Florence between 1340 and 1382. It is based on a wide variety of printed and archival sources, including chronicles, judicial records, government enactments, the records of consultative assemblies, statutes, chancery letters, tax records, private diaries and account books, and the ad hoc opinions (consilia) of jurists. Over the course of four chapters, it presents three major arguments: (1) Conspiracy, a central mechanism of political change and the predominant expression of political dissent in the city, remained primarily a function of the factionalism that had shattered the medieval commune, although it was now practiced not as open warfare but secret resistance. (2) Conspiracies were especially common when the city was ruled by popular governments, which faced almost constant conspiratorial resistance from elite factions that been expelled from the city or had had their political power restricted, while also inspiring increased worker unrest and secret labor organization. (3) Although historians have often located the origins of the “state” in the late medieval and early Renaissance cities of northern and central Italy, the prevalence of secret political opposition, the strength of conspirators and their allies, and the ability of conspiratorial networks, large worker congregations, and even powerful families to vie with weak regimes for power and legitimacy seriously calls this into question. -
Memoria Della Accademia Lunigianese Di Scienze «Giovanni Capellini» (2018)
Alla stampa degli Atti hanno contribuito: La Regione Liguria Settore Cultura e Spettacolo VOL. LXXXVI - (2016) MEMORIA DELLA ACCADEMIA LUNIGIANESE DI SCIENZE «GIOVANNI CAPELLINI» (2018) VOL. LXXXVI - (2016) Vol. LXXXVI(2016) LA SPEZIA 2018 MEMORIE DELLA ACCADEMIA LVNIGIANESE DI SCIENZE «GIOVANNI CAPELLINI» VOL. LXXXVI (2016) fascicolo unico LA SPEZIA 2018 Presentazione Questo volume delle Memorie dell’Accademia Lunigianese di Scienze Giovanni Capellini, che raggiunge il numero 86, segno eloquente di una lunga, operosa e qualificata tradizione di studi sul territorio dell’antico Municipio romano di Luni, raccoglie importanti saggi che si sviluppano su un vasto ampio temporale dal Pleistocene, all’età Romana, al Medioevo per giungere alle vicende storiche contemporanee. Apre il volume un ampio ed articolato contributo dell’affermato geologo Giovanni Raggi, il quale esamina le modificazioni del sottosuolo dalla Piana Lunense a partire dagli studi di Giovanni Capellini per giungere al giorno d’oggi. L’autore, estrapolando nel sottosuolo le evidenze geologiche di superficie e con il prezioso contributo di numerosi dati stratigrafici, ricostruisce alcune sezioni geologiche della bassa valle del fiume Magra, con le quali viene schematizzata la struttura della fossa tettonica e la morfologia del substrato in roccia,quindi individua i principali corpi sedimentari che hanno colmato il fondo del piccolo graben post-tettogenetico. Ci propone infine una rappresentazione di sintesi, elaborata con numerosi dati stratigrafici, con il rilievo geomorfologico e l’interpretazione delle foto aree satellitari, del paesaggio e della linea della riva del mare nel primo secolo a.c. ai tempi dell’antica colonia romana di Luni. Con il saggio di Franco Bonatti si passa all’autunno del Medioevo. -
Personaggi Nella Storia Della Valdelsa
Rino Salvestrini Personaggi nella storia della Valdelsa Barberino Valdelsa, Casole d'Elsa, Castelfiorentino, Certaldo, Colle di Valdelsa, Gambassi Terme, Montaione, Monteriggioni, Montespertoli, Poggibonsi, Radicondoli, San Gimignano, Sovicille e Tavarnelle Val di Pesa. Giovanni Boccaccio Arnolfo di Cambio Premessa A – G 1 2 Rino Salvestrini Personaggi nella storia della Valdelsa Barberino Valdelsa, Casole d'Elsa, Castelfiorentino, Certaldo, Colle di Valdelsa, Gambassi Terme, Montaione, Monteriggioni, Montespertoli, Poggibonsi, Radicondoli, San Gimignano, Sovicille e Tavarnelle Val di Pesa. Amedeo Bassi Miryam Ferretti Premessa A –G 3 Vita mortuorum in memoria posita est vivorum (La vita dei morti sta nella memoria dei vivi) (Cicerone) Dedico questo libro alla mia moglie Dianora, perché, come sempre, mi ha aiutato, e al mio figliolo Francesco, storico di professione, perché non sia troppo severo nel giudicarlo. 4 Premessa Ho già parlato di alcuni personaggi valdelsani nel mio La Valdelsa nel tempo, ma in seguito mi è piaciuta l'idea di riunire il maggior numero possibile di persone che hanno un posto nella storia della valle e a volte anche oltre, per un processo conoscitivo complessivo, oltre i localismi o campanilismi. Devo dire che su certi personaggi sono stati scritti libri e libri, tanto è famoso il loro nome, ma qui io ho sintetizzato al massimo per dar spazio ad altri, certamente minori, certamente meno noti, però sempre molto interessanti. Inoltre anche se certi personaggi "minori" sono conosciuti nel loro paese, dove possono anche avere l'intestazione di una via, però sono quasi del tutto ignorati negli altri Comuni. Certamente le righe per ogni personaggio potevano essere più numerose, ma s'intenda questo lavoro soltanto una ricerca d'inventario, incompleta, ma sempre molto nutrita. -
The Vigils of Medieval Tuscany
Plainsong and Medieval Music, 17, 1, 23–54 © 2008 Cambridge University Press doi:10.1017/S0961137108000764 Printed in the United Kingdom The vigils of medieval Tuscany BENJAMIN BRAND* ABSTRACT. Of the liturgical ceremonies enacted by the papal court in the Middle Ages, few were as distinctive as the ‘double offices’ that occurred on nights before high feasts of the Sanctorale. These consisted of two night offices, a private ‘vigil’ enacted by the pope and his entourage at dusk and a public office at the normal hour of Matins. Even as this custom flourished in Rome through the twelfth century, it concomitantly migrated north to cathedrals throughout Tuscany. Typically comprising only one nocturn, the Tuscan vigils shed their once private character, presenting a selection of the plainsong and lessons of the night office at a convenient hour for the laity. They likewise acquired distinctively civic overtones as cathedral clerics employed them in honour of local patron saints. Nowhere was this transformation more evident than in Florence and Lucca, where the vigils of Sts Zenobius and Reparata, Regulus and Martin emerged as eminently public spectacles. In this way, Tuscan clerics transformed a venerable Roman tradition into an emblem of civic as well as ecclesiastical prestige. Of the eight canonical hours celebrated daily at religious houses throughout medieval Christendom, none were longer or more complex than Matins. This so-called ‘night office’ began in the early hours of the morning with the recitation of two short versicles with their responses. Then followed a hymn, which was either proper to the feast or season, or part of a fixed cycle for specific days of the week throughout the year. -
Niccolo Machiavelli
HISTORICAL, POLITICAL, AND DIPLOMATIC WRITINGS OF NICCOLO MACHIAVELLI TRANSLATED FROM THB ITALIAN BY CHRISTIAN E. DETMOLD IN FOUR VOLUMES VOL. I. BOSTON JAMES R. OSGOOD AND COMPANY I882 Copynghf, 1882, CHRISTIANE. DETMOLD. BY - All rights reserved. UNIVERSITYPRESS: JOHN WILSONAND SON, CAMBRIDGS. C 0 R RI G EN’D A. -----t VOLUMEI. Page 143, lines 9 and 10 from top, instead of “ state their wishes to the rioters,” read, “learn the wishes of the rioters.” VOLUME11. Page 52. ‘1 THE PRINCE?”chapter 16, 3d line, instead of the words, ‘1 indulged in so that you will no longer be feared, will prove injurious. For liberality worthily exercised, as it should he, will not be recognized,” read, ‘1 practised so that you are not repufed liberal, will injure you. For iibitralit’y worthily exercised, as it should he, will not be known ,’ ’ &c. * K0.m. * This erroneous translation resulted from a difference in the text of the Testine Edition (1550),which wah used by me in the translation of “The Prince.” Page 39, chap. 16, 2d and 3d lines, read “ Knndimnnco la liheralita usata in modo, ahe tu non sia tem~to,ti offeiitle.” It should be, ‘I che tu non sia tenato.” c. E. I). TRANSLATOR’S PREFACE. INoffering the present translation of Machiavelli’s principal historical, political, and diplomatic writings, my original object was simply to afford to the general reader the opportunity of judging for himself of the character of the man, and of those of his works upon which his reputation for good or for evil mainly depends. -
The Palazzi of Lucca
The Palazzi of Lucca PALAZZI 287 Palazzi For entries followed by (F) the family is dealt with in the Family section. 1. Palazzo Moriconi—Reconstructed in the 1500s on medieval houses and the remains of the Roman theatre. The entranceway with a lovely iron lunette is very similar to the nearby Palazzo Fanucci (#7). Evidence of Guelph windows can be seen on the piano nobile. (F) 2. Palazzo Boccella—One of the grandest and most interesting mansions. It was built in the 1500s and 1600s by the extremely wealthy Boccella family in the Manneristic style of the great Tuscan villas. It is an extravagance in conservative Lucca and was looked on somewhat askance when it was built. The exterior has a profusion of fantastic mascheroni (grotesque masks), an imposing main entrance, and excellent detailing on the wood eaves. The interior was once elaborately painted and the salon is still in excellent condition. The themes of its paintings are somewhat uncertain, portraying what looks like Pope Julius II but is perhaps Paul III, who visited Lucca in 1541. (The Boccella family had long and close ties with the papacy.) Another painting portrays a victory over the Turks, and others show familial scenes and banquets, all done in a vibrant Mannerist palette. The stemma (coat of arms) over the main door is that of the Bernardini, who were its later owners. (F) 3. Palazzo Ottolini—Today best known as Palazzo Poschi Meuron. Along Via San Giorgio it has a typical Lucchese façade of the 1500s, understated but with a grand entrance door. -
The Captain of the People in Renaissance Florence
THE CAPTAIN OF THE PEOPLE IN RENAISSANCE FLORENCE Desirae Hamilton, B.A Thesis Prepared for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS August 2015 APPROVED: Laura Stern, Major Professor Christopher Fuhrmann, Committee Member Marilyn Morris, Committee Member Hamilton, Desirae. The Captain of the People in Renaissance Florence. Master of Arts (History), August 2015, 123 pp., 1 table, 4 illustrations, references, 58 titles. The Renaissance Florentine Captain of the People began as a court, which defended the common people or popolo from the magnates and tried crimes such as assault, murder and fraud. This study reveals how factionalism, economic stress and the rise of citizen magistrate courts eroded the jurisdiction and ended the Court of the Captain. The creation of the Captain in 1250 occurred during the external fight for dominance between the Holy Roman Emperor and the Pope and the struggle between the Guelfs and Ghibellines within the city of Florence. The rise of the Ciompi in 1379, worried the Florentine aristocracy who believed the Ciompi was a threat to their power and they created the Otto di Guardia, a citizen magistrate court. This court began as a way to manage gaps in jurisdiction not covered by the Captain and his fellow rectors. However, by 1433 the Otto eroded the power of the Captain and his fellow rectors. Historians have argued that the Roman law jurists in this period became the tool for the aristocracy but in fact, the citizen magistrate courts acted as a source of power for the aristocracy. In the 1430s, the Albizzi and Medici fought for power. -
Archivio Di Stato D I Lucca
ARCHIVIO DI STATO DI LUCCA Piazza Guidiccioni 8 (cod. Post. 55100); tel. 0583/41587. Consistenza: filze, bb., ff., regg. e volI. 117.642; pergg. 21.235; sigilli 304; monete 23; medaglie 93. Biblioteca: voll. e opuscoli 60.569. Laboratorio di fotoriproduzione. A Vito Tirelli si deve il coordinamento e l’introduzione della voce Lucca. Antonio Romiti ha curato gli antichi regimi, il principato Baciocchi e la parte II. Giorgio Tori ha curato il periodo napoleonico, con esclusione del principato Baciocchi, la restaurazione e la parte III. SOMMARIO Introduzione 579 Diplomatico 584 1 Antichi regimi COMUNE Statuti Statuti delle comunità soggette Capitoli Atti di Castruccio e di altri Anteminelli Curia dei rettori Anziani avanti la libertà Consiglio generale Colloqui Governo di Paolo Guinigi Anziani al tempo della libertà Otto sulla conservazione della libertà Conservatori delle leggi Libri di corredo alle carte della signoria Offizio sopra le differenze dei confini Offizi sui ricevimenti di principi e personaggi Magistrato de’ segretari Offizio sugli ornamenti 0 sulla prammatica Offizio sopra le usure Offizio sopra la bestemmia Offizio sopra l’onestà Protettori delle meretrici Offizio sopra il fuoco Offizio sopra la religione Curia sopra le reliquie e i corpi santi Oflìzio sopra la giurisdizione Commissari della zecca Camarlingo generale Offizio sopra l’entrate Proventi 570 Guida generale degli Archivi di Stato Gabella maggiore 593 Gabella sopra i contratti e testamenti >> Dazi e dazle Provento del vino venale 5;4 Provento del macello » Provento