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Wheelchair Basketball In This Section ♦ Equipment ♦ Rules of the Game ♦ General Contact Wheelchair Basketball Principles ♦ The Cylinder Principle ♦ Principal of Verticality Fast paced, action packed and a sport for a wide number of individuals, wheelchair bas- ♦ The Court ketball is a great athletic venture for the wheelchair sport enthusiast. From the young, or newly injured, to the veteran athlete, wheelchair basketball offers a variety of competi- ♦ Official Signals tive streams for those looking to play. At the local club level, one will often find able bod- ♦ Athlete Profile ied players alongside those already in wheelchairs, a solution to the problem of low ♦ Classification numbers, as long as there are wheelchairs to be used, a basketball net and a ball, the ♦ Practice Plan game can be played. The game is played on a regulation basketball court with five play- ♦ Free Throw Shooting ers per side and individual classifications given to each player ranging from class 1.0 to ♦ Sample Drills class 4.5. For a International Wheelchair Basketball Federation (IWBF) competition, a total of 14 points are allowed on the court per team at one time, this number may vary Other Information according to the level of competition or the sanctioning body. Team point totals equalize the functional potential of the two teams on the court and ensure that the result of the ♦ For Your Tool Box game is a direct reflection of the skill and ability of the players. As the level of skill in- creases, the speed and complexity of the game also progress to a greater level. A popu- ♦ International Structure lar team sport for persons with physical disabilities, wheelchair basketball is fun and of Wheelchair exciting. Basketball ♦ Levels of Competition ♦ Coach Progression ♦ Competition Opportu- nities in Ontario ♦ Resources Available to You ♦ Clubs in Ontario ♦ Useful Websites ♦ Coach Profile 8 Equipment Aside from a regulation sized basketball, and access to a court, the only specific equip- ment required for wheelchair basketball are the wheelchairs themselves. Most beginner athletes play in their day chairs or, if the club is equipped enough, play in borrowed chairs, or purchase a sport chair. The cumbersome nature of most day chairs make it tough for most participants to quickly maneuver and dribble the ball on the court, as well, the collisions that often occur on the court can incur damage to a persons day chair which can get expensive. The wheelchair basketball chair, or multi-sport chair, is easily maneuvered, has cambered wheels for stability and is an all around tougher built chair. Usage of materials such as aluminum, carbon fibre and titanium have kept the strength but lowered the weight of the higher end sport chair. These chairs can get expensive and there are a number of alternatives (see the equipment manufacturer’s listing in appendix i) There is more information pertaining to the specifications of the wheelchairs within the rules section of this chapter. OWSA has a wheelchair loans program for athletes who may not be able to afford a new chair right away. This program operates under the premise that after a period of time, the athlete will purchase a chair for themselves. New athletes are also encouraged to ask around to see if there are any used chairs that they may be able to purchase. For Your Tool Box ♦ Allen Keys Rules of the Game ♦ Athletic Tape ♦ Wrenches IWBF is the governing body of international Wheelchair Basketball. The IWBF rules can ♦ Strapping be found at www.iwbf.org The following is a simplified version of the IWBF rules. ♦ Extra Tires ♦ Tire Pump IWBF Wheelchair Specifications -Valve and Ball attachments ♦ Extra Tire Valves ♦ Crazy Glue 9 The Wheelchair ♦ The wheelchair is considered to be part of the player ♦ Only one cushion is permitted on the seat of the wheelchair. Must be of same dimensions as the seat of the wheelchair No more than 10cm in thickness, except for 3.5, 4 and 4.5 players, when it must not exceed 5cm ♦ The footrest or protective horizontal bar at the front/sides of the wheelchair must be no higher than 11cm from the floor. It must be straight or curved, but not pointed International ♦ The maximum height to the top of the side seat rails from the floor must not ex- ceed 53cm Structure of Wheelchair ♦ The large wheel of the chair, including the tire, can only be 69cm Basketball ♦ The horizontal bar located at the back of the backrest of the wheelchair must be padded to prevent injury to the other player’s knees IWBF / IPC CWBA The Team OWSA ♦ Five (5) players from each team shall be on the court during playing time and may be substituted Club Teams ♦ A substitution occurs when: The official beckons the substitute to enter the court During a charged time-out or an interval of play, a substitute requests the substitution to the scorekeeper Key ♦ Players shall not wear equipment (objects) that may cause injury to other- players International Wheehchair Not Permitted: Basketball Federation Finger, hand, writs, elbow or forearm guards, casts or braces made of (IWBF) leather, plastic, pliable (soft) plastic, metal or any other hard substance, even if covered in soft plastic International Paralympic Objects that could cut or cause abrasions Committee Headgear, hair accessories and jewelry (IPC) Are Permitted Shoulder, upper arm, thigh or lower leg protective equipment if the Canadian Wheelchair Sports material is sufficiently padded Association Knee braces if they are properly covered (CWSA) Protector for an injured nose, even if made of hard material Spectacles, if they do not pose a danger to other players Ontario Wheelchair Sports Headbands, max five (5) cm in width, made of non-abrasive, unicol- Association our cloth, pliable plastic or rubber (OWSA) 10 The Coaches ♦ Must give the score keeper a list of the names of all players and their corre- sponding numbers and classification points who are eligible to play the game. A list of coaches must be included as well. This must occur twenty (20) prior to the scheduled start of the game. At least ten (10) minutes before the game, the coach must confirm their agreement with the names, numbers and classification points and sign off on the score-sheet. They must also confirm the starting five (5) players at this time ♦ The coach may go to the scorer’s table during the game to obtain statistical Levels of Competition information only when the ball is dead and the game clock is stopped ♦ The coach may address the players verbally during the game, provided that they stay within the team bench area Paralympic Games ♦ The coach shall designate the free-throw shooter in all cases where the free- (every four years) throw shooter is not determined by the rules IWBF World Championships (every two years) The Ball Canadian National ♦ The ball becomes dead when: Championships -Any field goal or free throw is made -An official blows his whistle while the ball is live -It is apparent that the ball will not enter the Ontario Paralympic basket on a free throw which is followed by: Summer ♦ Another free throw(s) Championships ♦ A further penalty (free throw(s) and/or throw-in) -The game clock signal sounds for the end of the period Tournaments -The twenty-four second device signal sounds while a team is in control of the ball -The ball which is in flight on a shot for a field goal is touched by a player Club Practices/ from either team after: Competitions ♦ An official blows his whistle ♦ The game clock signal sounds for the end of the period US Leagues ♦ The twenty-four second device signal sounds ♦ The ball does not become dead and the goal counts if made when -The ball is in flight on a shot or field goal and: National Wheelchair ♦ An official blow his whistle Basketball Association ♦ The game clock signal sounds for the end of the period ♦ The twenty-four second device signal sounds -The ball is in flight on a free throw when an official blows his whistle for any rule infraction other than by the free-throw shooter -A player commits a foul on any opponent while the ball is in the control of the opponent in the act of shooting for field goal and who finishes their shot with a continuous motion which started before the foul occurred 11 The Game ♦ A game shall consist of four (4), ten (10) minute periods ♦ There is two (2) minutes of “play” between the 1st and 2nd, 3rd and 4th periods. A time of fifteen (15) minutes of play will take place before the beginning of the second half. A twenty (20) minute warm-up will take place before the be- ginning of the game ♦ If a tie exists following the fourth period of play, a five (5) minute over time period will take place, this will continue until the tie is broken (this will vary according to the competition/tournament) ♦ A tip-off will take place at the beginning of the 1st period. All other periods will begin with a throw-in Coach Progression NCCP Level III Full Certifica- General rules that specifically apply to the wheelchair, are different from the able bodied tion or greater game of basketball, or are worth noting -can coach at national/ ♦ Dribbling international level A player must dribble the ball after two pushes, the ball shall be placed on the lap, not between the knees, while pushing the wheelchair NCCP Level II ♦ Three Seconds Certification A player shall not remain in the opponent’s key area for more than three (3) –can coach up to the provin- consecutive seconds while his team is in control of a live ball on the cial level court and the game clock is running NCCP Level 1 Theory, Tech- General Contact Principles and Definitions: nical, and Practical certifica- tion The IWBF follows a number of principles in regards to contact.
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