CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT PLAN MACQUARIE ICE RINK

26 AUGUST 2020 PREPARED FOR AMP CAPITAL

URBIS STAFF RESPONSIBLE FOR THIS REPORT WERE: Director, Heritage Stephen Davies, B Arts Dip Ed, Dip T&CP, Dip Cons Studies, M.ICOMOS Senior Heritage Consultant Alexandria Barnier, B Des (Architecture), Grad Cert Herit Cons, M.ICOMOS Heritage Consultant Cecelia Heazlewood, B Arts, M Museum & Heritage Studies Project Code P0023487 Report Number 1 – Draft issued 26.08.2020

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You must read the important disclaimer appearing within the body of this report. urbis.com.au CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS

Executive Summary ...... i 1. Introduction ...... 1 1.1. Brief ...... 1 1.2. Site Location ...... 1 1.3. Methodology ...... 2 1.4. Limitations & Exclusions ...... 2 1.5. Author Identification & Acknowledgements ...... 2 1.6. Abbreviations & Definitions ...... 2 2. Site Description ...... 5 2.1. Site Location, Access & Setting ...... 5 2.1.1. Macquarie Shopping Centre ...... 5 2.1.2. Macquarie Park Ice Rink ...... 5 3. Historical Overview ...... 13 3.1. History of the Place ...... 13 3.1.1. General Site History ...... 13 3.1.2. Site History ...... 14 3.2. Whitehead & Payne Architects ...... 24 3.3. Date of Construction, Alterations & Additions ...... 24 3.4. Historical Themes ...... 26 4. Comparative Analysis ...... 27 4.1. Comparative Study – Ice Rinks ...... 27 4.2. Temporary Ice Rinks ...... 37 4.3. Heritage Items with Associative Value Connected to Sporting Figures...... 40 4.3.1. Comparative Analysis ...... 47 5. Heritage Significance ...... 49 5.1. Purpose ...... 49 5.2. Preamble ...... 49 5.3. Assessment of Significance – Urbis...... 49 5.4. Statement of Cultural Heritage Significance ...... 55 5.5. Assessment of Significance – GML Heritage ...... 56 5.6. Statement of Cultural Heritage Significance ...... 59 5.7. Significance – Discussion ...... 60 5.8. Attributes Contributing to Intangible Heritage Values ...... 60 5.9. Significant Views & Vistas ...... 61 6. Heritage Listings & Statutory Obligations ...... 65 6.1. Heritage Listings ...... 65 6.2. Statutory Obligations ...... 65 6.2.1. State Government Legislation & Policies ...... 65 6.2.2. Heritage Act 1977 ...... 65 6.2.3. Commonwealth Policies ...... 65 6.2.4. Local Environmental Planning Instruments ...... 66 6.3. Management Plans & Guidelines...... 67 7. Opportunities & Constraints ...... 69 7.1. Introduction ...... 69 7.2. Statutory & Non-statutory Requirements ...... 69 7.3. The Burra Charter ...... 69

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7.4. Cultural Heritage Significance ...... 70 7.5. Current & Future Uses ...... 70 7.6. Visual Connection ...... 70 7.7. Owner Requirements ...... 71 7.8. Constraints Arising from Structural/Operational Requirements ...... 71 8. Conservation Policies ...... 73 8.1. What is a Conservation Policy? ...... 73 8.2. Adoption, Implementation & Review ...... 73 8.2.1. Adoption & Review of Conservation Management Plan ...... 73 8.3. Statutory Obligations ...... 73 8.4. Managing Heritage Significance ...... 74 8.4.1. Statement of Cultural Significance ...... 74 8.4.2. Best Practice Heritage Management (The Burra Charter) ...... 75 8.5. Maintenance ...... 75 8.6. Use ...... 75 8.7. Alterations & New Work ...... 76 8.8. Setting & Views ...... 77 8.9. Interpretation & Further Investigation ...... 77 8.10. Implementation Strategies ...... 78 9. Bibliography ...... 79 Disclaimer ...... 80

FIGURES: Figure 1 – Locality map showing the extents of Macquarie Centre (red) and the location of the Ice Rink within it (blue)...... 1 Figure 2 – Entrance to ice rink from the first floor of the Macquarie Park Shopping Centre ...... 6 Figure 3 – View across ice rink facing south west towards rear window...... 6 Figure 4 – View to entrance foyer of ice rink with stair access on the left and lift on the right...... 6 Figure 5 – View to food court seating area from ice rink facing north west...... 6 Figure 6 – Detailed view to shopping centre seating area from ice rink facing north...... 7 Figure 7 – View to office spaces and ticketing window from ice rink lobby...... 7 Figure 8 – View from ticketing office, showing non-original fit out and contemporary modifications...... 7 Figure 9 – View from rear office space and storage area...... 7 Figure 10 – View from rear gym area showing contemporary fitout...... 7 Figure 11 – View from rear gym area showing storage room and changing room...... 7 Figure 12 – Detail of changing room attached to rear gym area...... 8 Figure 13 – View to the internal café and seating area...... 8 Figure 14 – View from internal café seating area looking south towards ice rink...... 8 Figure 15 – Detail of original shoe hire facilities...... 8 Figure 16 – View of stairs to entrance lobby from ice rink seating level ...... 8 Figure 17 – View of extent of the ice rink seating area facing south west...... 8 Figure 18 – View of food court seating area from the ice rink seating area...... 9 Figure 19 – View across ice rink from the ice rink seating area facing south...... 9 Figure 20 – View of extent of ice rink seating area...... 9 Figure 21 – View to rear window from the ice rink seating area...... 9 Figure 22 – View of raised platform and projection screen from ice rink...... 9 Figure 23 – View of rear window facing north west from ice rink...... 9 Figure 24 – View of ice rink facing north east...... 10 Figure 25 – Detail of ice rink score board at rear corner of rink...... 10

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CONTENTS Figure 26 – Detail of ice rink barrier...... 10 Figure 27 – Detail of lower storage area from ice rink seating area...... 10 Figure 28 – Detail of ground floor bathroom and storage access showing the original fabric and non-original carpeted floor...... 10 Figure 29 – Detail of ground storage area showing original fabric...... 10 Figure 30 – Detail of ground bathroom showing original fabric and light fixtures and non-original carpeted floor...... 11 Figure 31 – Detail of sick room showing original fabric and non-original carpeted floor...... 11 Figure 32 – Detail in bathroom area showing original terrazzo features...... 11 Figure 33 – foyer area adjacent to ice rink, some original wall material is shown with contemporary paint. ... 11 Figure 34 – Views from the level 3 food court with visibility to the ice rink below...... 64 Figure 35 – Views from the level 3 food court with visibility to the ice rink below...... 64 Figure 36 – Views to from the level 3 food court with visibility to the ice rink below...... 64 Figure 37 – Views to from the level 3 food court with visibility to the ice rink below...... 64 Figure 38 – Views from the level 3 food court with visibility to the ice rink below...... 64 Figure 39 – Views from the alternate food court with partial views to the ice rink below...... 64 Figure 40 – Rear view of ice rink from the external car park...... 12 Figure 41 – External view of landscaping and window at rear of ice rink...... 12 Figure 42 – Regional Charting Map, Parish of Field of Mars, early 1900s. The subject site is indicated in red. Shripmstons Creek is shown intersecting the allotments...... 15

TABLES: Table 1 – Abbreviations ...... 2 Table 2 – Terms & Definitions ...... 3 Table 3 – Historical Themes ...... 26 Table 4 – National Ice Rinks associated with a proximate shopping centre ...... 27 Table 5 – Comparative Analysis of Ice Rinks in NSW & ACT ...... 28 Table 6 – Comparative Analysis of Temporary Ice Rinks ...... 37 Table 7 – Heritage Items with Associative Value Connected to Sporting Figures ...... 40 Table 8 – Assessment of Heritage Significance ...... 49 Table 9 – Assessment of Heritage Significance ...... 56 Table 10 – Assessment of Heritage Significance ...... 60 Table 11 – Implementation strategies for conservation policies ...... 78

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This Conservation Management Plan (CMP) was prepared for AMP Capital to manage the significant elements of Macquarie Ice Rink (hereafter the “subject site” or the “Ice Rink”). On 25 February 2020, The City of Ryde resolved to forward a Planning Proposal to the Minister for Planning with a request for a Gateway Determination to list Macquarie Ice Rink under Schedule 5 Environmental Heritage of the Ryde Local Environmental 2014 (RLEP 2014). At the time of writing the Department of Planning Infrastructure and Environment has not issued Gateway Determination for the Planning Proposal. However, the site is treated as a draft heritage listed item of local significance herein. This CMP is based on the significance assessment prepared for the Planning Proposal by GML Heritage. This assessment has been accepted in part by Ryde Council (refer discussion at Section 5.2) however it should be noted that the NSW Heritage Council did not endorse the assessed State level of significance. GML Heritage has determined that the place is significant for its historic, associative, social, rarity and representative values (as summarised in the Statement of Significance, reproduced under the below subheading). However, Urbis notes that the significance of the place as assessed by GML Heritage is based on intangible heritage values including the community’s sense of place and the use of the Ice Rink however it is not vested in the physical fabric itself. The comparative analysis in this report concludes that the subject site is not rare in its building type or facilities as an ice rink. Therefore, in lieu of a schedule of significant elements this CMP (Section 5.8) sets out the attributes of the subject site that contribute to the intangible heritage values set out by GML Heritage. The conservation policies in this report have been developed to ensure that the attributes which contribute to the intangible heritage values are managed or interpreted in an appropriate way. The attributes which form the basis of this report are set out below the Statement of Significance. There is recognised potential by Council and Urbis to relocate the Ice Rink as part of a major redevelopment (as envisaged under the concept approval) given it is agreed that the physical fabric is not of heritage significance there is an ability to interpret these values in the context of a new rink on the site. The intention of this CMP is therefore to guide both the treatment of the existing rink and the development and use of a new ice rink to ensure the values identified by GML Heritage are retained in accordance with either scenario (retention or relocation). What is the heritage significance of the site? The subject site was subject to two separate heritage assessments in 2019 (by GML and Urbis) both of which included comprehensive Assessments of Significance and Comparative Analysis’ as a result of the below process. In response to community concern to a development application (LDA 2018/498) for the Macquarie Shopping Centre that involved the demolition of the Macquarie lce Rink, Council resolved on the 29 January 2019 to undertake a study to assess whether the rink is of heritage significance with a view to seeking an Interim Heritage Order on the site (Interim Heritage Order expired 4 February 2020). The Minister for Heritage placed IHO on 1 February 2019 pursuant to section 24 of the Heritage Act 1977 (NSW) (Heritage Act) over the Macquarie lce Rink, Macquarie Park (Government Gazette No.10 dated 4 February 2019). In response to both of the above GML Heritage Consultants were engaged by Council in 2019 to provide a heritage assessment of the Macquarie lce Rink. In a report titled "Macquarie lce Rink heritage Assessment" dated September 2019, GML Heritage Consultants have identified that the Macquarie lce Rink demonstrates heritage significance and that the Macquarie lce Rink should be listed as a heritage item in the Ryde Local Environmental Plan 2014 and an application should be made to the NSW Heritage Office for its inclusion on the State Heritage Register. The State Heritage Register Committee considered the GML Report on the Macquarie lce Rink on the 5 November 2019. The committee concluded that the lce Rink is unlikely to be of state significance however maybe of local heritage significance. A Planning Proposal (PP) was presented to the Ryde Local Planning Panel on 13 February 2020. This PP sought to:

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• Amend Schedule 5 Environmental heritage of RLEP 2014 to include one new item being the Macquarie lce Rink and

• Insert a new local clause into RLEP 2014 which will permit the redevelopment and/or relocation of the Ice Rink within the Macquarie Shopping Centre subject to a Conservation Management Plan (CMP) being prepared for the Centre and endorsed by the consent authority, demonstrating that the current key aspects of the Rink, which give the rink its heritage value and status, can be achieved and maintained in the proposed new location.

The Ryde Local Planning Panel recommended that Council submit an amended version of the Planning Proposal for Gateway Determination to:

• Amend Schedule 5 Environmental heritage of RLEP 2014 to include one new item being the Macquarie lce Rink and

• Insert a new local clause into RLEP 2014 which will permit the redevelopment and/or relocation of the Ice Rink within the Macquarie Shopping Centre subject to a Conservation Management Plan (CMP) being prepared for the Centre and endorsed by the consent authority, demonstrating that the current key aspects of the Rink, which give the rink its heritage value and status, can be achieved and maintained in the proposed new location. The aspects were identified as the following:

I. The incorporation of the Ice Rink within the broader shopping centre complex

II. The strong visual relationship between the ice rink and the internal thoroughfares and a designated food-court of the proposed shopping centre

III. The strong visual relationship between the ice rink and the external public domain through full-height glazed walls

IV. The Olympic-sized scale and dimensions and competition quality of the ice rink, together with the tiered stadium seating

V. The overall volume of the ice rink space with the double height ceiling space and singular indoor arena.

On 25 February 2020, Council resolved to forward the amended Planning Proposal for a Gateway Determination in accordance with this recommendation and to request delegation from the Minister to implement the Plan. At the time of writing the DPIE had not issued Gateway Determination. GML Heritage undertook a Heritage Assessment on behalf of Ryde Council to fulfill the IHO reporting requirements at local level. Urbis was engaged to undertake a Heritage Assessment on behalf of AMPC in conjunction with heritage advice to guide AMPC through the IHO process. Both assessments are included in this report, however, this report is based on the GML Heritage Assessment of Significance which was accepted in part by Ryde Council. The summary statement is reproduced in italics below. The Macquarie Ice Rink has cultural heritage significance at a state level as an important place of public recreation since the time of its opening in 1981. Its purposeful incorporation into a shopping centre is unusual and is representative of the growing trend at the time to diversify the retail experience with intimate spaces, open space, recreational facilities and indoor gardens. Macquarie Ice Rink is associated with former Olympian Steven Bradbury and is the chosen home rink for Sydney’s two Australian Ice Hockey League (AIHL) teams, the Sydney Bears and Sydney Ice Dogs. It is also the home of many skating schools and training groups for people of all ages. The rink is highly valued by the local and regional community as a place to gather, play, socialise and compete, with its accessibility to people of all ages enhanced by its inclusion in the shopping centre and links to public transport and surrounding facilities. The rink is significant as one of few Olympic sized ice rinks in Sydney, meaning it is able to cater to all skating disciplines and is particularly valued by those training or competing at an Olympic level, and those associated with the AIHL.

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Significant Value Contributory Attributes

Use as an ice rink • Presence of ice surface.

• Dimensions of an Olympic sized ice rink which enables those training in hockey and figure skating to utilise a facility to international dimension standards and competition quality.

The rink as a place for • Quantity of tiered stadium seating for viewing games, competitions, and community gathering the skating generally.

• Ability for public to access and use rink, in addition to use by figure skating and hockey clubs.

Community’s sense of • Visibility to community from public domain in the context of Macquarie place Centre.

• Internal visual connection between the rink and internal thoroughfares/gatherings areas.

• Scale of the place overall as a double height singular volume.

How should the site be conserved? This report has been prepared to ensure the retention of the intangible heritage values associated with the Ice Rink and to facilitate the ongoing use of part of Macquarie Centre as an ice rink. Section 7 of this CMP provides an overview of heritage opportunities and constraints specific to the property, as well as conservation policies and guidelines to assist in the management of the site’s heritage values. The Ice Rink is of social significance and any proposed modifications to it must take into consideration identified significance. Change should also be considered with a goal of conserving and enhancing the identified heritage values of the subject property, wherever possible. When undertaking works to the site, assessment under relevant legislation (Section 6) should consider whether the works are likely to impact on the site’s heritage significance. Reference should be made to the site’s statement of heritage significance prepared by GML Heritage and adopted by Council (Section 5.5). This report does not grade the significance of elements comprised within the rink as the associated value are considered to be largely intangible and linked to the concept of an ice rink which is linked to the community. The attributes set out in section 5.8 of this report are all considered for the purpose of this report to be significant and are to be conserved/interpreted in accordance with the policies set out in this report.

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1. INTRODUCTION 1.1. BRIEF Urbis has been engaged to prepare this Conservation Management Plan (CMP) for the Macquarie Ice Skating Rink on behalf of AMP Capital (AMPC). The subject site is part of the Macquarie Centre at Herring Road and Waterloo Road, Macquarie Park. On 25 February 2020, The City of Ryde resolved to forward a Planning Proposal to the Minister for Planning with a request for a Gateway Determination to list Macquarie Ice Rink under Schedule 5 Environmental Heritage of the Ryde Local Environmental 2014 (RLEP 2014). At the time of writing the Department of Planning Infrastructure and Environment has not issued Gateway Determination for the Planning Proposal. However, the site is treated as a draft heritage listed item of local significance herein. The purpose of a CMP is to assess and consider the significance of an item and to set out policies for the management of its significance. Urbis was engaged to undertake a Heritage Assessment on behalf of AMPC, concurrently GML Heritage undertook a Heritage Assessment on behalf of Ryde Council. Both assessments are included in this report however, this report is based on the GML Heritage Assessment of Significance which was accepted in part by Ryde Council. The intangible heritage values identified by GML are analysed in this report to identify the attributes which contribute to these intangible values. Section 8 of this report sets out policies to guide the management/interpretation of the attributes to the ensure the retention of the identified significance. 1.2. SITE LOCATION The Macquarie Park Centre is located at 197-233 Herring Road and is legally described as Lot 100 of DP 1190494 in the suburb of Macquarie Park. The Ice Rink is located to the west corner of the shopping centre towards the intersection of Herring Road and Waterloo Road.

Figure 1 - Locality map showing the extents of Macquarie Centre (red) and the location of the Ice Rink within it (blue).

Source: SIX Maps 2018

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1.3. METHODOLOGY This Conservation Management Plan has been prepared in accordance with the NSW Heritage Manual (1996), the Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter (2013) and The Conservation Plan by James Semple Kerr (2000). This report relies on the Assessment and Statement of Significance prepared by GML Heritage in 2019. Urbis’ Assessment of Significance has however also been included for information. The assessment prepared by GML Heritage was accepted in part by Ryde Council. It must be noted however that Council did not accept the assertion by GML Heritage (in relation to social significance) that the demolition of the Ice Rink and its reconstruction in a new location would not result in the same level of social significance. Ryde Council have instead acknowledged that there is potential for the demolition of the Ice Rink and construction of a new facility within Macquarie Centre. The Assessment of Significance identifies the intangible heritage values associated with the place. As above, there is recognised opportunity by Council and by Urbis to remove the existing Ice Rink and replace it with a new Ice Rink within Macquarie Centre provided that the contributory attributes are interpreted, and the significance therefore retained. This document is therefore intended to guide the management/treatment of both the existing ice rink and the replacement of the existing rink pending development assessment and approval of Development Application. 1.4. LIMITATIONS AND EXCLUSIONS It is beyond the scope of this report to address Aboriginal or European archaeology. 1.5. AUTHOR IDENTIFICATION & ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The following report has been prepared by Alexandria Barnier (Senior Heritage Consultant) and Cecelia Heazlewood (Consultant). Stephen Davies (Director) has reviewed and endorsed its content. Unless otherwise stated, all drawings, illustrations and photographs are the work of Urbis. This report reproduces the Assessment and Statement of Significance prepared for the Planning Proposal and authored by GML Heritage. The authors of that assessment are acknowledged. 1.6. ABBREVIATIONS & DEFINITIONS Common abbreviations and definitions used throughout the report are provided in the table below:

Table 1 – Abbreviations Abbreviation Definition

BCA Building Code of Australia

CMP Conservation Management Plan

EMP Environmental Management Plan

LEP Local Environmental Plan

HAMS Heritage Asset Management Strategy

HMF Heritage Management Framework

REF Review of Environmental Factors

RNE Register of the National Estate

S170R Section 170 Heritage and Conservation Register (under the Heritage Act 1977)

SEPP State Environmental Planning Policy

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Abbreviation Definition

SHR State Heritage Register of New South Wales (under the Heritage Act 1977)

TAMP Total Asset Management Plan

Table 2 – Terms & Definitions Terms Definition

Australia ICOMOS The national committee of the International Council on Monuments and Sites

Burra Charter Charter adopted by Australia ICOMOS, which establishes the nationally accepted principles for the conservation of places of cultural significance; Although the Burra Charter is not cited formally in an Act, it is nationally recognised as a document that shapes the policies of the Heritage Council of NSW

Conservation All the processes of looking after an item so as to retain its cultural significance; it includes maintenance and may, according to circumstances, include preservation, restoration, reconstruction and adaptation, and will be commonly a combination of more than one of these

Conservation Management A document explaining the significance of a heritage item, including a heritage Plan conservation area, and proposing policies to retain that significance; it can include guidelines for additional development or maintenance of the place

Conservation policy A proposal to conserve a heritage item arising out of the opportunities and constraints presented by the statement of heritage significance and other considerations

Context The specific character, quality, physical, historical and social characteristics of a building’s setting; depending on the nature of the proposal, the context could be as small as a road or entire suburb

Curtilage The geographical area that provides the physical context for an item, and which contributes to its heritage significance; land title boundaries do not necessarily coincide

Heritage and Conservation A register of heritage assets owned, occupied or controlled by a State agency, prepared Registers in accordance with section 170 of the Heritage Act

Heritage assets Items of heritage significance identified in a State Government Agency’s Heritage and Conservation Register, including items of cultural and natural significance

Heritage Asset Management A strategy prepared by a State Government Agency to document how the principles and Strategy guidelines outlined in the Management of Heritage Assets by NSW Government Agencies will be implemented in the management of heritage assets

Heritage item A landscape, place, building, structure, relic or other work of heritage significance

Heritage significance Of aesthetic, historic, scientific, cultural, social, archaeological, natural or aesthetic value for past, present or future generations

Heritage value Often used interchangeably with the term ‘heritage significance’; there are four nature of significance values used in heritage assessments (historical, aesthetic, social and technical/research) and two comparative significance values (representative and rarity)

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Terms Definition

Integrity A heritage item is said to have integrity if its assessment and statement of significance is supported by sound research and analysis, and its fabric and curtilage and still largely intact

Interpretation Interpretation explains the heritage significance of a place to the users and the community; the need to interpret heritage significance is likely to drive the design of new elements and the layout or planning of the place

Maintenance Continuous protective care of the fabric and setting of a place; to be distinguished from repair; repair involves restoration or reconstruction

Relics Relic is defined under the Heritage Act 1977 (NSW) as any deposit, object or material evidence which relates to the settlement of the area that comprises NSW, not being Aboriginal settlement, and is of state or local heritage significance

Scar trees Scarred trees have scars where a section of bark was removed by Aboriginal people in order to make canoes, shields or baskets; footsteps were also cut into the tree trunk to gain access to possums or honey in tree tops; scar trees are different to carved trees

Setting The area around a heritage place or item that contributes to its heritage significance, which may include views to and from the heritage item; the listing boundary or curtilage of a heritage place does not always include the whole of its setting

Shell middens Term is referred to in Australia as an archaeological deposit in which shells are the predominant visible cultural items; shells are principally the remains of past meals; some middens also consist of bones, stone and other artefacts

Total Asset Management Total Asset Management is a NSW Government policy introduced to achieve better Policy planning and management of the State's assets. Total Asset Management is the strategic management of physical assets to best support the delivery of agency services. It is part of a planning framework in which the Government's social, ecological and financial service outcomes are achieved by the most efficient means and within the resource limits of the community. It provides a structured and systematic resource allocation approach to infrastructure and physical asset management so that resources are aligned with the service objectives of State agencies. This approach achieves reduced costs and best value for money.

Use Means the functions of a place, as well, as the activities and the practices that may occur at the place; a compatible use respects the cultural significance of a place

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2. SITE DESCRIPTION 2.1. SITE LOCATION, ACCESS & SETTING 2.1.1. Macquarie Shopping Centre The Macquarie Ice Rink is located in the south western corner of the Macquarie Shopping Centre. The Macquarie Park Shopping Centre is bound to the north by Talavera Road, to the west by Herring Road and to the south by Waterloo Road. The site has street access from both Herring Road and Waterloo Road. Additionally, the immediate area has convenient access to public transport. A bus interchange adjoins the street entrance on Herring Road while there is a Sydney Metro station located south-west of the centre. The centre is a super-regional shopping centre with a prominent structure of approximately five storeys. The centre has large car parking areas on each floor of eight separate car parks with the largest being on the roof level. The shopping centre predominately houses retail outlets. However, the centre also provides community services such as medical centres, a Justice of the Peace and parents’ facilities. The retail stores primarily sell clothing while other stores sell groceries, white goods and furniture, technology, pet supplies, homewares, bookstores, travel agents, tailors, salons, nail technicians and pharmacies. The ground floor chiefly features retail outlets of major bank branches. The first floor houses the Macquarie Medical Centre with other medical facilities and pharmacies, banks, various clothing stores and most notably, the Macquarie Park Ice Skating Rink. The second floor exhibits a large food court to the south- west of the building. This floor also features various clothing and homewares stores. The third floor has a smaller food precinct associated with the Cinema foyer and the prominent Herring Rd entry from the bus interchange and Macquarie University. This level also has a bowling alley, cinema, hair salons, homewares and clothing stores. The fourth floor has a gym, medical centre, arcades and a variety of clothing, technology, sporting goods, pet supplies and other stores. The largest stores in the centre are Big W, Target, Myer, David Jones, Woolworths and Coles. Access to different levels of the centre is provided by a mixture of escalators, lifts and stairwells. As a result of various stages of development over the years, the centre has irregular built fabric both internally and externally. The second, third and fourth floor features a polished tiled floor and mirrored pillars. The lower floors exhibit original tiled floor and decorative indoor plantings. The roof and light fixtures stay consistent throughout the centre and appear to be a modern addition. The third floor presents a large-scale clerestory roof form providing natural light to the lower levels. The food court on the second floor features a large window on the south west wall that provides a view into the ice-skating rink on the lower level from the tables and chairs adjacent to the window. 2.1.2. Macquarie Park Ice Rink The Macquarie Park Ice Rink is located on the south west of the first floor of the Macquarie Shopping Centre and sits prominent from the main shopping area. The rink is only accessible by the public via the Level 1 basement carpark or through the shopping centre via a low activity area on the fringe of Level 1. The lift appears to be an original feature of the ice rink. The entrance foyer provides access to the main passageway and reception area. The ice rink is a double height space dominated by the Olympic sized ice surface which sits south west of the building. Adjacent to the rink, to the north east of the structure, sit office spaces, a gym and a café (The Ice Café) behind panelled glass. These spaces all feature modern carpeting, excluding the gym which has bight orange vinyl flooring. The walls and ceiling of these areas exhibit modern cladding. The main structural envelope of the ice rink is of original face brick and concrete. However, the office, gym and café are separated with lightweight partition walls. Stands are located on both the north west and south east sides of the rink. The north west stands are located above bathrooms, change rooms, a first aid room, and the skate rental. The rink has capacity for approximately 1150 spectators. The bathrooms and changing rooms exhibit the mostly original fabric such as painted and face brick walls, inbuilt seating, lockers, terrazzo elements such as bathroom stalls, bathroom services (i.e. showers, taps and toilets) and concrete ceilings with exposed services. The rinks original concrete flooring is exposed in some areas around the rink however most of the rink is covered with temporary rubber mat flooring. The partition walls surrounding the ice rink appear to be original, however, with some modern modifications. Overall, it is evidenced that the rink has recently been extensively refurbished. Key internal contemporary finishes including wall and ceiling cladding appear to be contemporary.

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The rink displays no unique architectural elements but is visible to the public through the inclusion of glazing (installed c1990) which allows views from the adjacent food court. The most notable features of the rink are the double height windows which occupies much of the south west wall and which allows views to the adjacent garden area. Refer to discussion of visual connections at Section 5.9 of this report.

Figure 2 - Entrance to ice rink from Level 1 of the Figure 3 - View across ice rink facing south west towards Macquarie Park Shopping Centre rear window.

Figure 4 - View to entrance foyer of ice rink with stair Figure 5 - View to food court seating area from ice rink access on the left and lift on the right. facing north west.

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Figure 6 - Detailed view to shopping centre seating area Figure 7 - View to office spaces and ticketing window from from ice rink facing north. ice rink lobby.

Figure 8 - View from ticketing office, showing non-original Figure 9 - View from rear office space and storage area. fit out and contemporary modifications.

Figure 10 - View from rear off ice training area showing Figure 11 - View from rear off ice training area showing contemporary fitout. storage room and changing room.

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Figure 12 - Detail of changing room attached to rear gym Figure 13 - View to the internal café and seating area. area.

Figure 14 - View from internal café seating area looking Figure 15 - Detail of original shoe hire facilities. south towards ice rink.

Figure 16 - View of stairs to entrance lobby from ice rink Figure 17 - View of extent of the ice rink seating area seating level facing south west.

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Figure 18 - View of food court seating area from the ice Figure 19 - View across ice rink from the ice rink seating rink seating area. area facing south.

Figure 20 - View of extent of ice rink seating area. Figure 21 - View to rear window from the ice rink seating area.

Figure 22 - View of raised platform and projection screen Figure 23 - View of rear window facing north west from ice from ice rink. rink.

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Figure 24 - View of ice rink facing north east. Figure 25 - Detail of ice rink score board at rear corner of rink.

Figure 26 - Detail of ice rink barrier. Figure 27 - Detail of lower storage area from Rice Rink seating area.

Figure 28 - Detail of ground floor bathroom and storage Figure 29 - Detail of ground storage area showing original access showing the original fabric and non-original fabric. carpeted floor.

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Figure 30 - Detail of ground bathroom showing original Figure 31 - Detail of sick room showing original fabric and fabric and light fixtures and non-original carpeted floor. non-original carpeted floor.

Figure 32 – Detail in bathroom area showing original Figure 33 – foyer area adjacent to Ice Rink, some original terrazzo features. wall material is shown with contemporary paint.

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Figure 34 – Southern / rear view of the Ice Rink vehicular Figure 35 – External view of landscaping and window at access. rear of Ice Rink. 2.2. CURTILAGE The physical curtilage of the heritage item can be described as the extents of the ice rink structure. The visual curtilage of the item extends minimally beyond the physical curtilage as it is visible from the level 2 food court and minimally from the small outdoors area to the immediate south of the ice rink. The visual curtilage is outlined in detail at Section 5.9 of this report. 2.3. CONDITION ASSESSMENT The ice rink retains some original features including the double height window at the rear, painted and face brick walls and inbuilt seating. Additionally, it should be noted that the envelope, building footprint, siting, context and general structure have remained generally intact. These original features mentioned are in generally good condition. Notwithstanding the above, the internal layout has undergone irreversible alterations. Namely, the removal of the stairs and access point from the third floor of the Macquarie Park Centre. Other alterations include the contemporary ceiling and flooring cladding as well as the glazing to the internal windows.

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3. HISTORICAL OVERVIEW 3.1. HISTORY OF THE PLACE 3.1.1. General Site History The subject site lies within the boundaries of the small suburb of Macquarie Park. Macquarie Park was separated from the surrounding suburbs in the 1960s following the proposed development of Macquarie Park Shopping Centre and Macquarie University. Prior to its location in Macquarie Park, the subject site was historically and geographically associated with Marsfield. The following historical summary of Marsfield has been extracted in part from the Dictionary of Sydney website: 1 When Europeans arrived at Sydney Cove in January 1788, the Wallumedegal or Wallumede were the traditional owners of the area that became Ryde, which they called Wallumetta. This clan formed part of a large Dharug language group.

Early land grants and the Field of Mars The first land grants in the local government area of Ryde were to two ex-marines in the vicinity of the current suburb of Melrose Park in January, 1792. This area was called 'Field of Mars', Mars being the god of war. From February 1792, small land grants were made to ex-convicts in the area called 'Eastern Farms' (part of the modern suburb of Ryde), because the land was east of Parramatta. By 1794 the area was called Kissing Point, believed to have originated from the way in which heavily laden boats passing up the Parramatta River bumped or 'kissed' the shallow bottom as they rounded a particular point in the river. In 1798 Kissing Point farmers petitioned the government about the difficulties of surviving on their 30-acre (12-hectare) grants. The district had become important for supplying fruit, vegetables and poultry to the growing colony, but some of the settlers on the Eastern Farms and across Sydney found it hard to a living on their smaller-sized land grants, and wanted more lands for grazing stock. The colonial government's solution in 1804 was to gazette six large tracts of land to be used as commons. One of these tracts was called the Field of Mars Common. It was an area of 5050 acres (2044 hectares) to the north and east of the Eastern Farms. The common stretched along the southern side of the Lane Cove River from Hunters Hill to Pennant Hills. In the tradition of the English common, it was for the use of the local residents. It also effectively preserved much of the native bushland along the Lane Cove River from land grants and settlement through most of the nineteenth century. The suburb name 'Marsfield' is a reworking of 'Field of Mars'. The area was not completely isolated from other parts of Sydney. The Great North Road, from Sydney to Wisemans Ferry, travelled through part of modern Marsfield. After crossing the Parramatta River at the Bedlam Punt at Gladesville, it followed the ridge line through Gladesville and Ryde. Modern-day Victoria Road follows this route from Gladesville to Ryde. Where Victoria Road now continues through West Ryde towards Parramatta, the Great North Road turned north at Ryde and followed what is now North, Corunna and Vimiera roads to the crossing at Devlins Creek towards Pennant Hills and thence Newcastle. By the 1840s the common had gained a reputation for harbouring many unsavoury characters, sly grog and illegal activities. There was also unauthorised timber cutting and squatting. Many residents of the district felt the common no longer fulfilled its original purpose, while others objected to any change in 'the people's land'. A Parliamentary Select Committee was held in 1861 but its recommendations were never followed. By 1874 the proposal to resume the common won. The slowly-increasing population of the district highlighted the growing need for a direct road link to the city and the need for bridges to be built at Iron Cove and across the Parramatta River. The money from the sale of the common was to be used to finance the building of the Iron Cove and Gladesville bridges.

1 Phippen, Angela, Marsfield, Dictionary of Sydney, 2008, http://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/marsfield, viewed 23 Jun 2020.

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Development of the common lands The building of the bridges commenced in 1878 but the sale of the common lands did not start until 1885 and continued until 1900. The subdivision and sale of the common brought an important change for the district as streets were laid out and allotments of one and four acres (.4 to 1.6 hectares) were offered for sale. Sections were also reserved for recreation – the largest being the Field of Mars Wildlife Reserve – and for the Field of Mars Cemetery. The first land sale of the new subdivision included lots around Kittys Creek and today's East Ryde. In keeping with the martial tradition of the name 'Field of Mars', the new roads were also given battle names – Vimiera, Culloden, Agincourt, Crimea, Balaclava and a host of others from various periods of history, including the Hundred Years' War, the Peninsular War, the Crimean War, the Indian Mutiny, the Seven Years' War in Canada, various British campaigns in Africa, and miscellaneous other battles and British victories. The Municipality of Ryde was declared in 1870 with the first council meeting held in 1871. Originally the Marsfield area was part of this municipality, but in 1894 it seceded and formed its own municipality. Ratepayers in this less-developed area resented what they perceived to be the inequitable provision of council services. The boundaries of the new municipality were the Lane Cove River, Terrys Creek, part of a railway line, Rowe Street East and Blaxland, Lovell, Quarry, Smalls, Bridge and Lane Cove roads. The area included the suburbs of Marsfield and parts of Eastwood. The civic infrastructure for the Marsfield Municipality was based in Marsfield, not Eastwood, even though Eastwood had a station on the main north-south railway line. The council chambers were on the corner of Herring and Abuklea Roads, on the site of the present Macquarie Presbyterian Church. Since 1885, there had been great expectations that a tramway would be built from the city, probably via the new Gladesville Bridge, to the Field of Mars. But the tramway was not built in the 1880s or 1890s, and those buyers who had bought on the basis of this promise found they were, at best, weekend visitors to their properties. When the tramway was extended, it went no further than Hattons Flat, Ryde (now the site of the Ryde Civic Centre).One such family was the Christie family. Robert Gordon Christie emigrated from Paisley, Scotland in 1886 with his wife Mary and three children, Bob, Nettie and Jack. He had worked as a carpet designer in Kilmarnock and after arriving in Sydney found work as a lino designer for Anthony Hordern and Sons. The family lived first at Balmain and Rozelle. In 1892 Robert Christie bought 22 acres (9 hectares) of land at Marsfield. On the weekends the family worked on clearing the land and building a little wooden house. The weekly journey from Rozelle was made on foot since the tramline was never built. After clearing the ground, they planted an orchard of peaches, nectarines, persimmons, figs, quinces and guavas. 3.1.2. Site History Prior to the construction of the Macquarie Shopping Centre the subject site was, for the most part, sparsely occupied. The site appeared to be largely unoccupied for the majority of the 1800s. 2 By the turn of the Federation period the site was divided into approximately seven even allotments consisting of allotments 549-552 and 555-557. The earliest owners of this site (c1890-1900) were George Alfred Wilson (lots 557 and 551), Rebecca Yardley (lot 550), John Henry Scott (lot 555), Susan Elizabeth Birch (lot 556), Horatio Thomas Read (lot 549) and H. R. Watson (552). 3 The occupants of this area thereafter appeared to largely be involved in farming industries such as poultry farmers, orchardists, fruit growers. 4 Nearing the end of the First World War in, the NSW Government initiated a programme aimed at returned soldiers and soldiers’ widows to initiate their own small farms at the outer suburbs of Sydney, including Marsfield. 5 These farms offering small livestock and fruit, supported the growing population of the city. 6 The continuation of the Shrimptons Creek riverbed separated the allotments to the west of the site. Aside from a few modest scaled, detached dwellings the site had dense vegetation, primarily around Shrimpstons

2 NSW Land Registry Services Vol Fol 1365 231. 3 NSW Land Registry Services Vol Fol 1365 231, Vol Fol 1378 166, Vol Fol 1650 142, Vol Fol 1727 31, Vol Fol 3654 113. 4 Ibid. 5 Phippen, Angela, Marsfield, Dictionary of Sydney, 2008, http://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/marsfield, viewed 23 Jun 2020. 6 Ibid.

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Creek. 7 Additionally, at this time Herring Road was referred to Inkerman Road however the name changed at the turn of the 20th century. Inkerman Road was previously named so after the Inkerman War and was changed to honour prior Alderman on the area, Gerrard Herring. 8 Historically, the subject site is covered by green belt zoning under the County of Cumberland Planning scheme adopted in the immediate post war years, the green belt was conceived as A girdle of rural open space encircling the urban districts…ensuring for all time ready access by urban populations to countryside specially planned and maintained for their benefit.

Figure 36 - Regional Charting Map, Parish of Field of Mars, early 1900s. The subject site is indicated in red. Shripmstons Creek is shown intersecting the allotments.

Source: Regional Charting Maps #3, Historical Land Records Viewer, NSW Lands Recorbrids Services. In 1959, 1,700 acres (688 hectares) in the Marsfield/North Ryde area was released for rezoning. Four years later, the Commonwealth announced the decision to build a university at North Ryde. The following year, the state government announced that a further 939 acres (380 hectares) of green belt surrounding the new Macquarie University was rezoned for residential and industrial use. In September 1969, the final release of green belt land at North Ryde took place when the State Planning Authority decided to build a major shopping centre (Macquarie Shopping Centre) in the area. 9 In the 1960s, rival department stores, Grace Bros and David Jones, planned competing shopping centres in the area. In early 1969, David Jones submitted plans for a “Garden City” at Epping Road, Macquarie Park to the State Planning Authority. The same year, Grace Bros submitted plans for a shopping centre on a site a short distance away in Herring Road, opposite Macquarie University. In November the same year, the State Planning Authority rejected the David Jones proposal on zoning grounds, while simultaneously approving the application of Grace Bros.

7 1951 aerial photograph of subject site, Historical Imagery Viewer, NSW Government. 8 The Ryde District Historical Society, Origins of the street names of the city of Ryde, 2016, accessible as a PDF via: http://www.rydehistory.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/Ryde_Streetname_Origins_updated_2016.pdf. 9 Phippen, Angela, Marsfield, Dictionary of Sydney, 2008, http://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/marsfield, viewed 15 Apr 2019.

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Figure 37 - News article on competing department store shopping centre plans for North Ryde area. Source: Daily Telegraph, 25 February 1969, p3 Almost ten years later, Grace Bros and AMP Society formed a joint venture to build the Macquarie Shopping Centre. The DA was submitted to Ryde Council in November 1978. Following interim development consent for a Regional Shopping Centre, Grace Bros submitted the building application in February the following year for a shopping centre containing numerous small shops, a discount store, supermarket, department store, two carparking stations, two undercroft parking areas, on ground parking, roof top parking, theatres and amusement areas, offices, library, gymnasium and rood top tennis courts. 10 By this date, excavations had commenced on site. Architects, Whitehead and Payne Pty Limited, designed the shopping centre complex. The project was to be constructed in five major sections commencing with the supermarket/discount store area.

10 BA 164/79, Report to the Town Clerk, Ryde Council.

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Figure 38 - 1978 aerial image of subject site. Land has been cleared in preparation for the Macquarie Park development. Subject site is indicated in red.

Source: Historical Imagery Viewer, NSW Government Condition xxxvii of the development consent required separate applications to be submitted for each occupation within the Centre. In accordance with that condition, in late 1980, Ryde Council’s building surveyor’s department approved amended drawings to zone 7 in respect of the proposed ice-skating rink. 11 On 16 March 1981, Ryde Council consented the DA 144 to commence the business of an ice-skating rink. This application included allowance for a substantial amphitheatre adjacent to the south west of the rink which incorporated a stage. This amphitheatre was not constructed and instead the area was occupied by landscaping. Later the same year, the Council approved Building Application (BA) 1470/81 for the ice-skating rink fitout. The owner was the Macquarie Shopping Centre Joint Venture and the builder of the “fitout to existing shell”, estimated to cost $400,000, was Concrete Constructions Ltd. The architect was Whitehead and Payne. During the same year, the architects lodged a successful application to the Council to erect an illuminated wall sign reading “Ice Skating”. 12 According to the Specialist Contractor of April 1982: the ice-skating rink was specifically included at the suggestion of Grace Bros, to provide an excitement feature for the Centre. The actual ice area is 1800 square metres, with seating for 1300. The ice-rink is operational eighteen hours a day seven days a well and is currently holding ice-hockey lessons for young people up the age of twelve.

11 BA 164/79, Consent A3701, Ryde Council. 12 DA391/81, development consent No. A3227, Ryde Council.

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Figure 39 - 1989 aerial of the subject site. The Macquarie Park structure as it was on its date of construction. The Ice Rink is located to the west of the site.

Source: Historical Imagery Viewer, NSW Government

Figure 40 - Macquarie – Zone 7, Ice Rink Elevations and Sections / Whitehead & Payne Pty Ltd., April 1980.

Source: BA144/179, City of Ryde

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Figure 41 - Site plan, Macquarie Shopping Centre, 1979.

Source: BA 164/79, City of Ryde

Figure 42 - Macquarie Shopping Centre – Skating Rink Floor Plan.

Source: BA 164/79, City of Ryde

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Figure 43 - Macquarie Shopping Centre – Plan of Ice Rink Amenities Zone 7.

Source: BA 164/79, City of Ryde

Figure 44 - Macquarie Shopping Centre – Plan of Ice Rink Tiered Seating Zone 7.

Source: BA 164/79, City of Ryde

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Figure 45 - Macquarie Shopping Centre – Ice Rink Elevations

Source: BA 164/79, City of Ryde

Figure 46 - Macquarie Shopping Centre – Ice Rink Elevations & Offices.

Source: BA 164/79, City of Ryde

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Figure 47 - Macquarie Shopping Centre – Sections Ice Rink & Offices, General Redesign.

Source: BA 164/79, City of Ryde

Figure 48 - Macquarie Ice Skating Rink, 1982.

Source: Specialist Contractor, April 1982, p19

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Figure 49 - Macquarie Ice Rink in 1983, Adrian Greer.

Source: https://www.smh.com.au/national/nsw/petitions-launched-as-macquarie-ice-rink-faces-demolition-20190117- p50ru5.html

Figure 50 - Macquarie Ice Rink in 1984.

Source: https://www.gettyimages.fi/detail/news-photo/ice-skating-at-ice-rink-at-macquarie-shopping-centre-north-news- photo/1080557524

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Figure 51 - Refurbishment to existing ice skating rink, Master Plan, 15 June 2016, Issue A./

Source: CDP2016, City of Ryde 3.2. WHITEHEAD AND PAYNE ARCHITECTS Architects Whitehead and Payne were active in Australia between the 1960s and the 1980s. Whitehead and Payne are identified as the architects of the earliest example of the new shopping type in 1957 at Top Ryde. This structure has since been demolished. The most notable example of their work constitutes the Monaro Mall in the ACT which was constructed in 1963 and was listed on the ACT register of significant twentieth century architecture. This mall has not been demolished however has since been significantly altered. By the last half of the 1960s this type of shopping centre was well established by numerous architects around Australia. By the time the subject site was completed in the 1980s there were several similar shopping centres around NSW and Australia generally. Between the 1960s and 1980s Whitehead and Payne designed a number of shopping centres including Grace Brothers Chatswood, Roselands Shopping Centre, Top Ryde Shopping Centre (now demolished), the Macquarie Centre, Northgate and Erina Fair. The Macquarie Centre constitutes a very late example of the works of White and Payne. It is also the only instance of their incorporation of an ice rink into their work. 3.3. DATE OF CONSTRUCTION, ALTERATIONS & ADDITIONS • The ice rink was constructed in 1980/81. It was designed by the architects of the entire Macquarie Shopping Centre, Whitehead and Payne Pty Ltd (BA reference 144/81).

• In May 1990, Ryde Council approved a DA for additions and alterations to the Macquarie Shopping Centre, including glazing to the Ice Rink and the relocation of the escalator (BA reference 4411/90).

• BA 37/91 was approved the following year. This comprised installation of a new glazed screen which was installed between the food court and ice rink.

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• An application was submitted in 2000 (BA reference 11644/00) for the removal of the balustrade and block wall to the eastern end of the rink. It is not clear when this application was approved based on the information supplied by council however this fabric is not present today and the stairs which accessed the level above the McDonalds (at first floor) and which are pictures in the image above in this section have been removed.

• Consent 25 May 2004 for infill slab associated with ice rink, remove existing tables, 3 new kiosks and relocated ATM.

• Fire safety upgrade and make good to the existing centre, CDC11/829/01 -2014.

• In July 2016, Ryde Council approved CDC15/2352/01 for minor internal alterations to the existing ice rink comprising refurbishment of the ice rink including office fit out, canteen/café upgrade, bathroom refurbishment, complete finishes upgrade and shopfront renovations. The project was carried out by Raguz Building Services Pty Ltd under the supervision of NSStudio. The final occupation certificate was issued in March the following year.

• The most recent works to the ice rink constitute an overall refurbishment that took place in 2017.

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3.4. HISTORICAL THEMES Historical themes can be used to understand the context of a place, such as what influences have shaped that place over time. The Heritage Council of NSW established 35 historical themes relevant to the State of New South Wales. These themes correlate with National and Local historical themes. Historical themes at each level that are relevant to the place are provided in Table 3.

Table 3 – Historical Themes Australian theme NSW theme Local theme Discussion

8 Developing Australia’s Leisure Activities associated Use of the place as an ice rink and a place cultural life with recreation and of community gathering. relaxation

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4. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS This Comparative Analysis considers ice rinks in NSW and nationally and sports facilitates which are heritage listed for their association with prominent sporting figures. 4.1. COMPARATIVE STUDY – ICE RINKS Table 4 – National Ice Rinks associated with a proximate shopping centre

Item Details Description/ Significance Image

O’Brien Icehouse, Established in 2010, the O’Brien Icehouse is located at 105 Pearl River Road, Docklands. The ice rink is located within the proximity of the major Ground/105 Pearl River Rd, indoor/outdoor shopping centre The Docklands District (previously known as Docklands VIC 3008 Harbour Town) constructed in 2008 and owned by ING Real Estate Built: 2010 Development Australia. The Icehouse was also development project of ING Real Estate Development Australia working in conjunction with Ice Sports Architects: ARUP, Brisbin Australia (ISA). project was an expensive and grandiose development that took Brook Beynon and Cox over 10 years to execute and featured a large-scale collaboration between Architects local and international architects and structural engineers. During its

Rink Size: Two Olympic sized construction it was known as the National Ice Sports Centre, however upon rinks opening the name was shortened to Icehouse. Later, the venue management and leisure company, The O’Brien Group, assumed ownership of the facility Seating: 1500 ergo the current name. Picture 52 -Main ice rink, O’Brien Icehouse.

The site remains as one of the most prestigious ice-skating facilities in Australia. The Icehouse is the only dual rink facility in Australia with two

Olympic size rinks, retail area, gym, café and bar. The bar known as St Moritz Bar is named so after the historical St Kilda ice rink “St Moritz”. The two rinks are names after two Australian ice sports champions Geoffrey Henke and Stephen Bradbury.

While the Icehouse is detached from The Docklands District, it was conceptualised alongside the shopping centre. It is clear the ice rink was constructed to facilitate the patrons of The Docklands District. Notwithstanding the site maintains a high level of social significance for the broader community.

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Item Details Description/ Significance Image

Ice ArenA Ice ArenA was constructed in 1981 in Thebarton, Adelaide. The site underwent a number of alterations and name changes. In 1987 the site was renamed Mt 23 James Congdon Dr, Thebarton Snow and Ice and later changed to Snowdome Adelaide. However, Thebarton SA 5031 the current branding Ice ArenA was conceptualised in 2005 and has been Built: 1981 named so ever since. The rink has also encountered a series of closures since its date of construction. The community support for the site however allowed Architect: Unknown the rink to be supported by government grants in order to stay open. Notably,

Rink Sizes: 56x26m & 30x15m Ice ArenA was one of the first Ice Rinks to house an indoor ski slope. The rink also features two ice rinks and a café.

The large ice rink is located in a mixed use area of residential and commercial buildings within the vicinity of the Adelaide CBD. Currently the rink is owned Picture 53 - Ice ArenA, playandgo Adelaide. and managed by the Mandala Property Group.

Table 5 – Comparative Analysis of Ice Rinks in NSW and ACT Item Description/ Significance Image Details

Canterbury Heritage Listings include: Olympic Ice The Canterbury Olympic Ice rink and Aquatic Centre is in the Canterbury Station Heritage Precinct but is not Rink individually listed. 17a Phillips Avenue, History and Description: Canterbury, The Canterbury Olympic Ice Rink is a utilitarian style brick shed building with a shallow gabled roof, panelled NSW 2193 cladding and an interior stadium facility. The entrance elevation includes a protruding curved portion with Built: c.1971 supporting circular columns. The site displays no distinctive architectural features.

Architect: The ice rink has been operating continually since 1971 (approx.) and functions as a not for profit organization. Picture 54 - Canterbury Ice Area Exterior, Better Figure Skater Unknown It was created by a co-op group of 50 members who each initially contributed $20 towards its creation following the closure of the privately-owned Burwood Glacarium Rink in 1969.

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Item Description/ Significance Image Details

Opened: The rink has local social significance as the training space for the Sydney Figure Skating Club, the Sydney Friday 5th Arrows Speed Skating Club, the Canterbury Ice Hockey Club. The rink serves as the training space for March, 1971 current Australian figure skating Olympians Harley Windsor (the first Aboriginal Australian Winter Olympian) and Ekaterina Alexandrovskaya. The rink also acts as one of the hosts for the East Coast super League Ice Listings: hockey tournament. Canterbury Local Several current and previous Olympians are known to have trained at the Canterbury Ice Rink including: Environmental • Steven Bradbury, Speed Skater, 2002 Winter Olympics Plan 2012 – Is in the • Elizabeth Jane Cain, Pairs Figure Skater, 1980 Winter Olympics Canterbury • Peter Christian Cain, Pairs Figure Skater, 1980 Winter Olympics Station Heritage • Cheltzie Lee, Ladies Figure Skater, 2010 Olympics Picture 55 - Canterbury Olympic Ice Rink, Canterbury Olympic Ice Rink Precinct • Gregory Merriman, Ice Dancer, 2014 Olympics Rink Size:

60m x 30m • Danielle O’Brien, Ice Dancer, 2014 Olympics

Olympic: Yes • Harley Windsor, Pairs Figure Skater, 2018 Olympics

Seating: • Ekaterina Alexandrovskaya, Pairs Figure Skater, 2018 Olympics Approx. 300

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Item Description/ Significance Image Details

Liverpool Heritage Listings include: Catholic Club N/A Ice Rink 424/458 History and Description: Hoxton Park The Liverpool Catholic Club ice rink forms part of the larger Liverpool Catholic Club facility which includes Road, dining, hotel and other commercial facilities, and is one of several recreational facilities. The Liverpool Prestons, Catholic Club has undergone developments in 2007, 2012 and 2014, primarily for the creation and expansion NSW 2170 of the hotel. The interior of the ice rink takes the form of a sports stadium, with visual provisions through glass Built: c.1979 walled viewing platform along one of the lengths of the rink.

Architect: The LCC Ice Rink has an associated Ice-Skating club, the LCCISC a not for profit group who train at the Unknown facility and compete in local events. Picture 56– Liverpool Catholic Club Ice Rink Interior, LCC

Opened: Unknown

Listings: N/A

Rink Size: 60m x 30m

Olympic: Yes

Seating: Picture 57 – Liverpool Catholic Club Ice Rink Interior, LCC Approx. 500

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Item Description/ Significance Image Details

Penrith Ice Heritage Listings include: Palace N/A 7-10 Pattys Place, History and Description: Jamistown The Penrith Ice Palace is a free-standing ice rink that has been operating since 2000. The site appears to be NSW, 2750 a utilitarian, industrial structure with a reinforced steel ceiling. It has no distinctive architectural features which Built: c.2000 is not inconsistent with the surrounding structures in the industrial area. The facility is situated opposite a

vacant lot and does not contribute aesthetically or architecturally to the area. Architect: Unknown The rink serves as a training facility for a number of local ice hockey clubs, at both junior and senior levels, and has an associated skating club, the Penrith Valley Figure Skating Club. Opened: Picture 58– Penrith Ice Palace Exterior, Penrith Australia c.2000 The rink is currently the only winter sports facility in the area, although developer Peter Magnisalis has lodged a proposal to build a winter sports centre with adjoining hotel facility in Penrith to open in 2021. Listings: N/A

Rink Size: 60m x 30m

Olympic: Yes

Seating: Approx. 1500

Picture 59 – Penrith Ice Palace Interior, Penrith Ice Palace

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Item Description/ Significance Image Details

Hunter Ice Heritage Listings include: Skating No listing Stadium 230 History and Description: Macquarie The Hunter Ice Skating Stadium opened in 2000 and is currently the only winter sports facility in the Lake Road, Macquarie area. The rink appears to be a utilitarian single storey shed structure. The facility is largely Warners Bay industrial, in keeping with the surrounding properties and area. As the facility is surrounded by similar NSW, 2282 industrial facilities it does not contribute aesthetically or architecturally to the surrounding area or views. Built: c.2000 The rink has an associated skating club, the Hunter Ice Skating Club which was established in 2001. The rink Picture 60 – Hunter Ice Stadium Exterior, Better Figure Skater Architect: serves as the training space for the Newcastle North Stars Ice Hockey team and current Australian figure

Unknown skating Olympian Kailani Craine.

Opened: c.2000

Listings: N/A

Rink Size: Picture 61 – Hunter Ice Stadium Interior, HISC 60m x 30m

Olympic: Yes

Seating: Approx. 800- 1000

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Item Description/ Significance Image Details

Ice Zoo Heritage Listings include: 689 No listing Gardeners Road, History and Description: Alexandria The Sydney Ice Zoo facility is constructed as a single storey utilitarian shed supported by a steel frame. It is NSW, 2282 located in an industrial area between two warehouses and shows no distinctive architectural features other Built: c.2016 than an asymmetrical window in the entrance façade. Picture 62 – Ice Zoo Exterior, Google Maps Architect: The rink was started by former Olympian Elizabeth “Liz” Cain, whose husband had previously started the, now

Unknown defunct, Burwood Glaciarium in the 1960s which was owned and operated by his father. It is the closest ice rink to the Sydney CBD and the Eastern suburbs. Opened: 2016

Listings: N/A

Rink Size: 55m x 25 m approx..

Olympic: No

Seating:

Picture 63 – Ice Zoo Interior, Helen Petrovic- Weekend Notes

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Item Description/ Significance Image Details

. Erina Ice Heritage Listings include: Arena No listing Erina Fair Shopping History and Description: Centre, The Erina Ice Arena is located within the Erina Fair Shopping Centre, in the Central Coast and is constructed Karalta Road from a structural steel frame clad in sandwich panels and includes a stadium interior with a steel grandstand Erina NSW, viewing platform and mezzanine level. The ice area is located to the rear of the shopping complex and is 2250 largely obscured by trees and natural growth which separates the centre from the residential area opposite Picture 64 – Erina Ice World Exterior, Erina Fair Built: c.2003 and a nearby shopping area. As such, the ice rink does not contribute to the architectural significance of either the shopping centre or the surrounding area. Architect: Ken McPhail, The shopping centre was the first of its kind in the central coast, and the Ice Arena was included during a Cooper significant development by Lendlease in 2003 to create a community and leisure centre within the area that Development would appeal to the growing youth demographic in the area, with health and fitness clubs, hospitality and Corporation library services. The Erina ice rink was commissioned from Cooper Development Corporation following the success of their arena in Baulkham Hills (Sydney Ice Arena). The rink serves as the training space for the Opened: Central Coast Rhinos ice hockey team and hosted the 2017 Asia Pacific Curling Championships. c.2003

Listings: N/A

Rink Size: 60m x 30m

Olympic: Yes

Seating: Approx. 650

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Item Description/ Significance Image Details

Big Banana Heritage Listings include: Fun Park No listing 351 Pacific Highway, History and Description: Coffs The Big Banana Ice Rink forms part of the Big Banana Fun Park Complex. The Big Banana attraction was Harbour built in 1964 by Alan Harvey on commission from owner John Landi and was inspired by the Big Pineapple in NSW, 2450 Hawaii. The site is currently owned and managed by the Village Building Company and has undergone

Built: c.1999 numerous developments and expansions to include recreational leisure facilities. The Ice Rink was added Picture 65 – Big Banana Ice Rink Interior, World Trvael Geeks during a 1999 development by owner Kevin Rubie and was followed in 2002 by a ski slope inspired by Architect: technology seen the Brisbane Expo. The Ice Rink is one of several attractions including a Toboggan Ride, a Unknown plantation, a 36 hole mini golf course, a giant slide and a water park constructed during a 2015 re-branding Opened: development. The rink facility is constructed as a single storey shed with a gabled roof and an exterior c.1999 veranda. The interior includes stadium facilities with low rise spectator stands. As part of a complex the rink is contributory to the fun park as a whole but holds little individual significance (aesthetic or otherwise) to the Listings: N/A surrounding area or views.

Rink Size: The Big Banana Fun Park Ice rink is the only ice rink in the Coffs Harbour Region and is a recreational area Picture 66 – Big Banana Ice Rink Interior, Big Banana Fun Park Olympic: for both local residents and tourists, as well as hosting interstate sporting events between New South Wales, Queensland and the Australia Capital Territory. Seating: Unknown

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Item Description/ Significance Image Details

Phillip Heritage Listings include: Swimming No listing and Ice Skating History and Description: Centre The Phillip Swimming and Ice Skating Centre is located near the Phillip Oval, a primary cricket and recreation 1 Irving area in Canberra, and a short distance from the Westfield shopping centre. The ice rink shares the facility Street, with a 50m swimming pool and upon construction was classified as a state of the art facility. The ice rink is Phillip ACT, housed in a single storey utilitarian concrete structure supported be reinforced steel and includes stadium 2606 seating and a glazed mezzanine viewing area. As the site is the only ice rink in Canberra is has been unable Built: c.1980 to close for maintenance for any extended period and as a result, the fabric and fixtures are failing. Currently Picture 67 – Phillip Swimming and Ice Skating Centre Exterior, the centre is largely obscured from street view with fencing and thus does not contribute to street views or Canberra Times Architect: landmarks. Unknown

The rink is currently the only winter sports facility in the Australian Capital Territory and was constructed after Opened: a fire destroyed the original ‘Paradice’ Ice Rink located at the then Canberra Showground. It has local social c.1980 significance as a public recreation space and has an associated figure skating club, the ACT Ice Skating Listings: N/A Association, formed in 1982. The rink been the most frequent host of the Australian National Figure Skating Championships since 1987 and serves as the training centre for the CBR Braves semi-professional ice Rink Size: hockey team (who replaced the now defunct Canberra Knights in 2014). 55m x 25m Due to the growing popularity of winter sports in the ACT and the lack of updates to the Phillip rink, a Olympic: No proposal for a new multi-level ice rink facility to be built by 2021 was announced by the Labor party in 2016.

Seating: Although studies have shown that if such as rink were to go ahead, the Phillips Rink would be unlikely to Approx. 750- remain commercially viable, and would likely be sold off, as the land has bene re-zoned to commercial high

900 rise Picture 68 – Phillip Swimming and Ice Skating Centre Interior, Weekend Notes

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4.2. TEMPORARY ICE RINKS Table 6 – Comparative Analysis of Temporary Ice Rinks Item Details Description/ Significance Image

Winterland Campbelltown History and Description: Koshigaya Park, Campbelltown City Council partnered with Stars On Ice, an amusement provider Campbelltown, NSW created by former Olympians Liz Cain and Peter Lynch, to create the largest ice rink in Built: 2018 the Sydney Metropolitan area, Koshigaya Park. The event included the temporary, open air ice rink, as well as a toboggan slide and amusement rides. The skating rink Architect: Unknown hosted ice-skating performances from current and former competitive Australian Ice

Duration: 2 Weeks Skaters.

Picture 69 – Winterland Campbelltown, Campbelltown Council

St Leonards Park History and Description: North Sydney, NSW North Sydney City Council partnered with Stars On Ice, an amusement provider Built: 2018 created by former Olympians Liz Cain and Peter Lynch, to create Winterland North Sydney. The event included a temporary, open air ice rink, as well as a toboggan slide Architect: Unknown and amusement rides. The skating rink hosted ice-skating performances from current

Duration: 2 Weeks and former competitive Australian Ice Skaters.

Picture 70 – Winterland North Sydney, Winterland North Sydney

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Item Details Description/ Significance Image

Winterfest Luna Park History and Description: Milson’s Point, NSW Winterfest was a temporary open-air ice rink in the Luna Park amusement park Built: 2018 instigated in 2017 which returned in 2018. The attraction also hosted a light show and formed past of the school holiday program. Architect: Unknown Picture 71 – Winterfest Luna Park, Luna Park Sydney Duration: 2 Weeks

Bondi Winter Magic History and Description: Bondi Pavilion, Bondi Winter Magic is a returning temporary, open air ice rink held at the Bondi Queen Elizabeth Drive, Pavilion. Mostly recently it was held from 28th June to 22nd July 2018. The rink hosted Bondi Beach, NSW ‘ice show’ performances and ice hockey demonstrations. Ice skating lessons were also

Built: 2018 available. The rink was primarily utilized for public recreation.

Architect: Unknown

Duration: 4 Weeks

Figure Picture 72– Bondi Winter Magic, City of Sydney

Skating At Festival History and Description: St Mary’s Cathedral, Skating at Festival is a returning temporary, open air ice rink at St Mary’s Cathedral College Street, which began in 2017 and replaced earlier iterations of temporary ice rinks at St Mary’s. Sydney, NSW It was most recently installed from the 29th June to 22nd July 2018. The rink was

Built: 2018 utilized for public recreation. No sporting activities or classes were offered.

Architect: Unknown

Duration: 4 Weeks Picture 73 – St Mary’s Cathedral Ice Rink, City of Sydney

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Item Details Description/ Significance Image

Parramatta Winterlight Skate History and Description: and Slide Parramatta Winterlight Skate and Slide is a returning temporary open-air ice rink

Built: 2018 presented by the City of Parramatta. It opened for the first time in 2018, sponsored by

Smoothfm radio, and provided a space for adult skaters and dedicated separate Architect: Unknown facilities for children, as well as a 30m long ice slide.

Duration: 3 Weeks The rink was primarily utilized for public recreation. No sporting activities or classes were offered.

Picture 74 – Parramatta Winterlight Festival, Destination Sydney

Bathurst Winter Festival, History and Description: Bathurst, NSW Bathurst Winter Festival is a two-week long returning winter event which includes a

Built: 2018 temporary, open air ice rink facility. In 2018 this rink was sponsored by McDonalds. The

rink was primarily utilized for public recreation. No sporting events were offered, Architect: Unknown Figure although skating classes were available for special needs visitors. Picture 75 – Bathurst Winter Festival, Bathurst City Life Duration: 2 Weeks

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4.3. HERITAGE ITEMS WITH ASSOCIATIVE VALUE CONNECTED TO SPORTING FIGURES Table 7 – Heritage Items with Associative Value Connected to Sporting Figures

Item Details Description/ Significance Image

Dawn Fraser Swimming Pool Heritage Listings include: Glassop Street, Listed on the NSW State Heritage Register, Item Number: 01398 Balmain, NSW 2041 Listed on the Leichhardt Local Environmental Plan 2013, item number: I237 Built: c.1882-1924 History and Description: Architect/Designer: James Reynolds The Dawn Fraser Swimming Pool is a tidal salt water pool facility located in Balmain. The pool is in an irregular rectangular shape with one side of the pool following the Listings: Heritage Act – NSW natural curve of the land. The pool is enclosed by a timber board walk structure with State Heritage Register (Item timber fence style walls elevated on timber supports. The facility has undergone several #01398) developments to include a children’s pool area, a club house and spectator stands, with Leichhardt Local Environmental a stone wall to separate the children’s area and a seating gallery installed in the early Plan 2013 (Item # I237) 1960s. Picture 76 – Dawn Fraser Pool, Office of Environment and Heritage The pool has the oldest associated swimming club in Australia and has historic, associative, aesthetic and social significance both at local and state levels, with associative value at a national level. The pool was renamed in 1964 to honour Dawn Fraser who had a long-standing relationship with the pool over her enduring career. Fraser is a local resident of Balmain having lived there since childhood and swam at the pool since the age of three. Fraser had a sustained competitive sports career and held several records while continuing to swim at the Balmain pool.

The existing statement of significance is included hereunder:

The pool is a complete swimming complex extending back to the turn-of-the century. It is an excellent example of pool architecture no longer practiced and a well-known

Sydney landmark set in an attractive harbourside location which has become a feature Picture 77 – Dawn Fraser Pool, Office of Environment and Heritage of the pool. It is representative of the development of a harbourside recreational and social facility and is associated with prominent swimming identities and world

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Item Details Description/ Significance Image

champions. It provides evidence of the major popularity of swimming as a competitive and recreational sport in Australia. (EJE Landscape 1994) (Walker 1991) 13

It is noted that an application to virtually demolish and reconstruct the pool was approved by the Heritage Council in 2018 due to rising sea level and tide surges that have made the pool facility dangerous.

13 “Dawn Fraser Swimming Pool”, Heritage Places and Items, Office of Environment and Heritage, Last updated 2018. Accessed: https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/heritageapp/ViewHeritageItemDetails.aspx?ID=5001040

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Item Details Description/ Significance Image

Bradman Oval and Collection Heritage Listings include: of Cricket Memorabilia Listed on the NSW State Heritage Register, Item Number 5230 Glebe Street and Jude Street, Bowral, NSW 2576 Listed on Wingecarribee LEP 2010 separately as Oval item number 541, and Museum and collection, item number 469. Built: c.1893 History and Description: Architect/Designer: Unknown The Bradman Oval is situated in a large parkland area surrounded by mature eucalyptus Listings: Heritage Act – NSW trees, shrubs and exotic trees, and has local aesthetic significance being reflective of State Heritage Register (Item the landscape development of Bowral towards the 19th century. The oval of manicured #5230) grass is currently enclosed in a white picket fence that extends from a pavilion, built in Picture 78 – Glebe Oval, prior to being renamed Bradman Oval (1947), State Library of Victoria Wingecarribee Local 1989, to function as a museum for Donald Bradman memorabilia. Environmental Plan 2010 (Listed The oval has local social significance as a place of recreation for local sportsmen, as separately as Oval #541 and well as the sportsground of the Bowral Cricket Club since 1893. Donald Bradman Museum and Collection #469) became a member of the club in 1925 and played his first match on the oval field (then the Glebe Oval), at 12 years old. Having spent his formative years learning and practicing cricket at the Bradman Oval, near his family home, the Oval had ongoing significance as part of the wider narrative of Bradman’s fame.

The existing statement of significance is included below:

Bradman Oval is historically significant at a State level through its association with Sir Donald Bradman's cricketing activities, an association which has been reinforced by the

recent construction of the Bradman Museum and the name change to Bradman Oval to Picture 79 – Bradman Oval, Office of Environment and Heritage commemorate national cricketing history. Bradman Oval provides a tangible link to Sir Donald Bradman's formative years. As the former Glebe Park, the Bradman Oval represents the country town parks of the turn of the century which were characterised by a simple planting layout of trees and a few shrubs and reflects a phase in the development of Bowral when attention was turning to the garden environment. Aesthetically, the park's simple layout is further enhanced by the combination of mature Eucalyptus and deciduous trees which enhance the surroundings.

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Item Details Description/ Significance Image

McIvers Womens Baths Heritage Listings include: 145-149 Beach Street, Listed on the NSW State Heritage Register, Item 01869 Coogee, NSW 2034 Listed on the Randwick LEP 2012, item Number 171 Built: c.1876-1886 Listed on the National Trust Register, item number 7124 Architect/Designer: Unknown Picture 80 – McIvers Pool, Randwick City Council Listed on the Register of the National Estate item number 100381 Listings: Heritage Act – NSW State Heritage Register (Item History and Description: #01869) The McIver Women’s Baths are situated on a naturally occurring rock platform at Randwick Local Environmental Coogee Beach. The pool is a 20m long ocean pool that was deepened and formalised in Plan 2012 (Item Number #171) the 19th century, including the installation of amenities such as a changing area and handrails. As the pool is a natural formation within the Coogee beach landscape it has Non Statutory Listings: National connections to significant views of the area. The pool has been in continuous use since Trust Register (Item Number its formalization in the 1870s and modifications and maintenance have taken place to 7124) ensure its functionality. Register of the National Estate As a prominent women’s only facility, the pool has high social significance as a place of (Item Number #100381) recreation and cultural activity for local women. The pool also has associative and historic value at both state and national levels through its connection to Fanny Durack and Mina Wylie. For while the pool was never used for professional competitions, it served as a training space for Durack and Wylie who represented Australia at the 1912 Stockholm Olympic games and won the gold and silver medals (respectively) for the 100m freestyle at the first games to allow women to compete. Durack was not only the first woman to win an Olympic gold medal for swimming, but one of only two Australians to achieve gold medal status until 1956.

The existing statement of significance is included hereunder:

The McIver Women's Baths are of State heritage significance as, reportedly, the only remaining swimming venue (specifically reserved for women) in continuous use in NSW Picture 81 – Stairs to McIvers Pool, Office of Environment and Heritage (and, perhaps, Australia). Formally recognised in 1876, but in use since the 1830s, the McIver Women's Baths have been well frequented by the female community as, initially, a safe and naturally secluded place to bathe and, later, as a private venue to swim and

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Item Details Description/ Significance Image

learn water safety skills.

The baths also have a historical association with the rise of competitive swimming in NSW. Although not used as a venue for competitions, the baths were used by Fanny Durack and Mina Wylie to develop their swimming skills (Durack and Wylie went on to win gold and silver medals at the 1912 Stockholm Olympic Games - the first Games to allow women to participate in competitive swimming - the 100m freestyle).

The McIver Women's Baths are also particularly significant for their social value to the female community of NSW. Since the early female colonists first utilised this pool in the 1830s, generations of women have visited and used this naturally-occurring and beautiful swimming site. Its privacy as a gender-segregated facility has been a long-held attraction for a range of different women in NSW - including, as an example, mothers and children, elderly women, women with disabilities and women from Islamic and Catholic communities.

In 1995, having been granted an exemption under the Anti-Discrimination Act 1977, the McIver Women's Baths cemented its purpose as a women’s area and its ongoing use reflects the high regard the female community continues to have for this site.

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Item Details Description/ Significance Image

Wylie’s Baths Heritage Listings include: 4 Neptune Street, Listed on the NSW State Heritage Register, Item 01677 Coogee, NSW 2034 Listed on the Randwick LEP 2012, item Number 94 Built: c.1907 Listed on the National Trust Register, item number 10892 Architect/Designer: Unknown Picture 82 – Wylie’s Baths, Randwick City Council History and Description: Listings: Heritage Act – NSW State Heritage Register (Item The Wylie Baths were established in 1907 by swimmer Henry Alexander Wylie. The #01677) baths consist of an Olympic sized rock and concrete ocean pool located on a natural rock shelf. The pool was originally fenced by a hand rail, then developed in 1912 to Randwick Local Environmental include a high elevated timber boardwalk supported by a blackbutt timber post and Plan 2012 (Item Number #94) beam structure that was cut into the sandstone face of the cliffs. The boardwalk Non Statutory Listings: National encloses two sides of the pool and the change rooms and allows views out to the beach. Trust Register (Item Number A concrete diving tower was also constructed on the eastern wall of the pool, and a #10892) second tower was later added to the southern end, although both of these features have since been removed. The pool and boardwalk structure are significant in the Coogee

landscape and contribute to significant views to and from the area and hold aesthetic significance to the local area. The baths also have technical significance, predating a Picture 83 – Wylie’s Baths, Office of Environment and Heritage popular phase of ocean pool building from the 1930s to 1940s.

The Wylie baths have state and national social and associative value both as a place of recreation, but importantly as a training space for Olympic swimmers Fanny Durack and Wilhelmina “Mina” Wylie, the daughter of Henry Wylie. Durack and Wylie were the first Australian women to compete in women’s competitive swimming in the Stockholm 1912 Olympics and won Gold and Silver medals respectively. They had an ongoing relationship utilizing the Wylie Baths throughout their competitive careers. Swimmer Des Renford, a papal knight who swam the English Channel 19 and swam competitively was known to swim at the baths weekly throughout his career.

The Wylie Baths have significant connections to competitive and OIympic level swimming in Australia, as well as the history of women’s sport and recreation, and the development of swimming clubs in New South Wales.

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Item Details Description/ Significance Image

The existing Statement of Significance is included hereunder:

Wylie's Baths is of State significance as one of NSW's oldest, most intact and best- known ocean swimming pools. It is also significant for the possibility that its location was special to Aboriginal women's business. Built in 1907, Wylie's Baths survives as a turn- of-the-century bathing complex, including an Olympic-size pool, elevated boardwalk, change rooms, kiosk and store, which evidences the development of sport and recreational facilities in Sydney. Wylie's Baths has been used for many competitive and recreational events, including amateur swimming clubs, fitness training, learn-to-swim classes as well as for general swimming, sunbathing and as a popular gathering place. Wylie's Baths has been held in great affection by generations of Sydneysiders. Wylie's Baths is closely associated with the development of competitive swimming in Australia and with many swimmers of note, including Henry Alexander Wylie, Mina Wylie and Sarah (Fanny) Durack (Olympic champions, Stockholm 1912) and Des Renford (long-distance ocean swimmer). It is one of a group of significant Sydney harbour and ocean pools associated with Australian swimming champions. Because of its association with the inaugural championship swimming of Mina Wiley and Fanny Durack at the Stockholm Olympics of 1912, Wylie's Baths is especially associated with Australian women's swimming. Wylie's Baths is a well-known Sydney landmark, clearly visible from Coogee Beach and making use of its spectacular ocean setting. It is a popular subject with photographers and makes a large contribution to Coogee's identity as a seaside destination. The elevated timber boardwalk is architecturally striking and rare in Sydney. It is a good example of vernacular architecture and an ingenious design solution to the problem of providing amenities on a steep cliff face. Recent restoration of the baths by Allen Jack and Cottier in 1995 won the RAIA Greenway Medal for Conservation and was praised for its sensitivity in preserving the integrity of the original swimming pool complex. Wylie's Baths may have significance and special meaning for Aboriginal groups, both pre and post-contact. There may be special associations with Aboriginal women and birthing but further research is required.

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4.3.1. Comparative Analysis The Macquarie Ice Rink is one of over twenty permanent ice rinks currently in operation in Australia and, as outlined above, one of eight currently operating in New South Wales. With the creation of multiple temporary ice rinks throughout New South Wales it contributes to the high volume of winter sport and recreation facilities around the state. While the Macquarie rink is classified as Olympic size, reaching the requirements of ice space of 60 metres by 30 metres, it is one of several to do so nationally with at least four other rinks in New South Wales meeting the same requirements (including Canterbury and Penrith which are both relatively close to the subject site). The design of Macquarie Ice Rink does not have characteristic features of many ice rinks in Australia, such as a free-standing shed structure or an open truss ceiling and is in no way architecturally unique. The rink is located within the Macquarie Centre Shopping Centre constructed in the 1980s and has a degree of public visibility given the glazing between the rink and the adjacent food-court. Shopping centre rinks are not unique as they are common in the United States and the Erina Ice Rink on the Central Coast NSW is essentially incorporated into Erina Fair. Further, many of the rinks listed above are located in the vicinity of a retail precinct. The rink, therefore, does not form a distinctive typology as one incorporated into a shopping centre. In a similar manner to the Macquarie Ice Rink, the rinks in the comparative study do not exhibit distinctive landmark or aesthetic qualities. Some temporary rinks are unique in that they have associations with significant landscapes including Bondi Beach (National Heritage List) and St Mary’s Cathedral (State Heritage Register). Macquarie Ice Rink is not located in a significant cultural landscape. The subject site, with a capacity for seating approximately 1150 visitors, has a similar capacity to many of the other rinks. At the time of writing, the Macquarie rink has hosted no events that have required more seating than currently available elsewhere. Although the Macquarie Ice Rink has connections to several professional and recreational sports clubs and teams, as well as links to former Olympians such as Steven Bradbury this comparative analysis concludes that the subject site is in no way rare in this regard. Most ice rinks in New South Wales have an associated figure skating club and ice hockey team and provide recreational opportunities to local and visiting communities. While the Macquarie rink does have links to former Olympians, such as Steven Bradbury and Joanne Carter, these athletes were known to have competed at Macquarie at times however they trained at other facilities (Canterbury Ice Rink, and Norwest and Canterbury Ice Rinks respectively). Furthermore, the Macquarie Ice rink has comparatively few connections to current or recent Olympians with the majority training at the Canterbury Olympic Ice Rink. While Macquarie Ice Rink has connections to previous Olympians and competitive sports persons there is little indication that the rink contributed substantially to their formative instruction in the sport or as their primary training facility throughout their career. It is further concluded these individuals are not so notable to have the ability to convey significance on a place for reasons that they may have trained or competed there. The above comparative study identifies items listed on the State Heritage Register whose significance is vested in their associative significance based on their connection to a particular athlete. The study identifies only the Donald Bradman Oval, Dawn Fraser Pools, the McIvers Women’s Baths, the Wylie Baths. All of these examples not only have extensively documented and ongoing connections to their associated sports person (e.g. as the place the sport was learned or the ongoing place of training) but have some ancillary historic or aesthetic value e.g. Wylie Baths have technical and aesthetic values as some of the oldest ocean pools in Australia as well as connections to some of the first female Olympic swimmers in the world. The lack of examples of places listed for their associations with a sportsperson and the calibre of the sportspeople associated with the places implies the requisite level of significance associated with a person before heritage listing their training ground or a place at which the competed. The significance of these sportspeople is directly associated with the popularity of the associated sports in Australia. The definition of National Sport is one which is an intrinsic part of the culture of a nation. Australia has no national sports defined by the law however cricket and swimming, which are both exemplified in the comparative study have iconic associations with Australia. Specifically, it is reported that 3.1 million people in Australia regularly swim and nearly half of Australia’s gold medals at the Olympics are in swimming. Further, the Australian National Cricket Team have participated in every edition of the Cricket World Cup and Australia have been very successful in the event, winning the tournament a record five times.

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Conversely, the history of ice rinks and ice skating in Australia is relatively short due to Australia’s climate. Ice rinks in Australia are entirely artificial as opposed to other countries which have their roots in open air, naturally formed rinks. Further, Australia does not have a notable history of success in winter sports. Thus, while the Macquarie Ice Rink has associations with Olympians such as Steven Bradbury, the extent and significance of association with the facility in the context of Donald Bradman Oval and Dawn Fraser Pools is comparatively negligible. The comparative analysis concludes that the subject site is not rare in its building type or facilities as an ice rink, nor as a place of exceptional associative value.

48 COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

5. HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE 5.1. PURPOSE Before making decisions to change a heritage item, an item within a heritage conservation area, or an item located in proximity to a heritage listed item, it is important to understand its values and the values of its context. This leads to decisions that will retain these values in the future. Statements of heritage significance summarise the heritage values of a place; why it is important, why a statutory listing was made to protect these values. 5.2. PREAMBLE The subject site was subject to two separate heritage assessments in 2019 both of which included comprehensive Assessments of Significance and Comparative Analysis’. These heritage assessments followed the placement of an Interim Heritage Order (IHO) on the Ice Rink at local and State Level (note the State IHO was not pursued following a meeting of the Heritage Council of NSW Listings Committee). GML Heritage undertook a Heritage Assessment on behalf of Ryde Council to fulfill the IHO reporting requirements at local level. Urbis was engaged to undertake a Heritage Assessment on behalf of AMPC in conjunction with heritage advice to guide AMPC through the IHO process. The conclusions drawn regarding the significance of the Ice Rink differ between the two assessments. Both assessments and their respective summary statements are set out below. Refer also to further discussion of significance at Section 5.7. This report is based on the Assessment and Statement of Significance prepared by GML Heritage which was accepted in part by Ryde Council. It must be noted however that Council did not accept the assertion by GML Heritage (in relation to social significance) that the demolition of the Ice Rink and its reconstruction in a new location would not result in the same level of social significance. Ryde Council have instead acknowledged that there is potential for the demolition of the Ice Rink and construction of a new facility within Macquarie Centre provided that the contributory attributes are appropriately interpreted. 5.3. ASSESSMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE – URBIS The Heritage Council of NSW has developed a set of seven (7) criteria for assessing heritage significance, which can be used to make decisions about the heritage value of a place or item. The following assessment of heritage significance has been prepared in accordance with the NSW heritage Division’s ‘Assessing Heritage Significance’ guidelines.

Table 8 – Assessment of Heritage Significance Criteria Significance Assessment

A – Historical Significance The place is not considered to be associated with a significant human activity. Ice skating is a recreational activity which is An item is important in the course or pattern neither widely popular nor rare in Australia. of the local area’s cultural or natural history. Further, the association of a place in NSW with this activity is

not unique. As demonstrated in detail in the comparative analysis above there are a number of similar facilities in NSW including others which similarly offer Olympic size ice surfaces (including Canterbury, Penrith and Erina) and are home to figure skating and hockey clubs.

While the place has a continuous association with the activity, the rink has been in operation less than 40 years and all rinks in the comparative analysis above (save O’Brien Arena, Ice Zoo, Erina and the temporary rinks) have been operating a similar length of time or longer.

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Criteria Significance Assessment

The subject site contains the capacity for seating approximately 1150 visitors at the time of writing, the Macquarie rink has hosted no events that have required more seating than currently available elsewhere. It is not considered that any of the events held at Macquarie Ice Rink, including the National Championships (which are held at different rinks around Australia every year) are of historic significance.

The rink does not meet the requisite level of significance on a local or state level.

Guidelines for Inclusion Guidelines for Exclusion

• shows evidence of a significant human • has incidental or unsubstantiated connections with historically activity important activities or processes

• is associated with a significant activity • provides evidence of activities or processes that are of dubious or historical importance historical phase • has been so altered that it can no longer provide evidence of a

particular association • maintains or shows the continuity of a historical process or activity

B – Associative Significance The Macquarie Ice Rink has associations with various ice skaters including Olympian Steven Bradbury. However, there is An item has strong or special associations nothing in the fabric that represents physical association other with the life or works of a person, or group of than the place is there and that it is a rink. persons, of importance in the local area’s cultural or natural history. It should also be noted that Steven Bradbury was not exclusively associated with this ice rink, conversely Bradbury began his training at Canterbury Ice Rink which predates Macquarie by approximately a decade before relocating to Brisbane. Joanne Carter is also linked to Macquarie however trained at Canterbury Ice Rink and Norwest.

Further, as set out in the comparative analysis above, various ice rinks in NSW have associations with former Olympians and there are few connections between Macquarie and current, or recent Olympians with the majority training at Canterbury.

It is not considered that a place which has associations with sportspeople as one of the locations at which a sportsperson competed in their career meets the threshold for associative significance.

The place has associations with Architect’s Whitehead and Payne. The architects designed a number of shopping centres around Australia between the 1960s and 1980s. The most notable of these constitute the Top Ryde Shopping Centre (as one of the earliest of the type) and Monaro Mall ACT (listed on

50 HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE

Criteria Significance Assessment

the ACT Register of significant 20th century Architecture). Macquarie Centre is a very late example of their work. The architects, while known for designing shopping centres, are not known for designing ice rinks. Erina Fair, designed by Whitehead and Payne, similarly has an ice rink however this was not incorporated into the shopping centre until 2003, 16 years after the centre was built.

The rink does not meet the requisite level of significance under this criterion on a local or state level.

Guidelines for Inclusion Guidelines for Exclusion

• shows evidence of a significant • has incidental or unsubstantiated connections human occupation with historically important people or events

• provides evidence of people or events • is associated with a significant that are of dubious historical importance event, person, or group of persons • has been so altered that it can no longer

provide evidence of a particular association

C – Aesthetic Significance While its design may not have many characteristic features of many ice rinks, such as a free-standing shed structure or an An item is important in demonstrating open truss ceiling, it is in no way architecturally unique and aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree holds no aesthetic value. of creative or technical achievement in the local area. Located in the Macquarie Centre Shopping Centre it holds no distinctive landmark or aesthetic qualities and is one of several rinks located either in a shopping centre, or near a retail precinct.

The rink has undergone major changes since its construction in the 1980s. Principally, it formally had a stronger connection with the surrounding shopping centre, having direct access from the rink to the second floor. This connection has since been removed.

The rink does not meet the requisite level of significance on a local or state level.

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Criteria Significance Assessment

Guidelines for Inclusion Guidelines for Exclusion

• shows or is associated with, creative • is not a major work by an important designer or technical innovation or achievement or artist

• has lost its design or technical integrity • is the inspiration for a creative or • its positive visual or sensory appeal or landmark technical and scenic qualities have been more than innovation or achievement temporarily degraded

• has only a loose association with a creative or • is aesthetically distinctive technical achievement

• has landmark qualities

• exemplifies a particular taste, style or technology

D – Social Significance Most ice rinks in New South Wales, have an associated figure skating club and ice hockey team, and provide recreational An item has strong or special association with opportunities to local and visiting communities. a particular community or cultural group in the local area for social, cultural or spiritual It is appreciated that the place is valuable to the local reasons. community as an amenity. However, the association between a community and a recreational facility is not unique. In this instance it is not considered that the value placed on the rink by the community is tied to the fabric, which was substantially upgraded in the last 10 years, rather in its provision of a facility to ice skate. There are no other qualities comprised in the place of identified importance to the community.

The rink does not meet the requisite level of significance on a local or state level.

Guidelines for Inclusion Guidelines for Exclusion

• is important for its associations with an • is only important to the community for amenity identifiable group reasons

• is retained only in preference to a proposed • is important to a community’s sense of alternative place

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Criteria Significance Assessment

E – Research Potential The place was constructed in 1982 as part of a major shopping centre development. There is no evidence that it has any An item has potential to yield information that potential to yield any information that would contribute to an will contribute to an understanding of the local understanding of the local area’s cultural or natural history. area’s cultural or natural history. There is no technical innovation included in the structure of the rink.

The rink does not meet the requisite level of significance on a local or state level.

Guidelines for Inclusion Guidelines for Exclusion

• has the potential to yield new or • the knowledge gained would be irrelevant to further substantial scientific and/or research on science, human history or culture archaeological information • has little archaeological or research potential • is an important benchmark or • only contains information that is readily available reference site from other resources or archaeological sites or type

• provides evidence of past human cultures that is unavailable elsewhere

F – Rarity As outlined in the Comparative Analysis above, there are numerous examples of ice-skating rinks in Australia and in An item possesses uncommon, rare or NSW. This includes Olympic sized rinks, rinks at which endangered aspects of the local area’s Olympians have trained, rinks which are incorporated into cultural or natural history shopping and rinks which are the same age or older than Macquarie Ice Skating Rink.

The Macquarie Ice Rink is more publicly visible than other permanent rinks listed in the comparative analysis given the window to the food court. However, it is not considered that this vantage point is significant and the incorporation of ice rinks into retail precincts is not at all rare (particularly in the United States). Further, the rink is not comparable to the visibility of the temporary ones which are located in highly significant cultural landscapes including Bondi Beach and St Mary’s Cathedral.

Although an ice rink is not a recreational facility found in every LGA (such as soccer fields and tennis courts) there are a number of types of facilities which accommodate sports of a lower attendance and which are not required in every LGA given the number of people each one can accommodate and the relative popularity of the sports including rock climbing, archery and velodromes. It is not considered that these facilities are rare and under threat, rather that less are provided relative to the popularity of the sport.

Macquarie Ice Rink is not rare in any aspect.

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Guidelines for Inclusion Guidelines for Exclusion

• provides evidence of a defunct • is not rare custom, way of • is numerous but under threat life or process

• demonstrates a process, custom or other human activity that is in danger of being lost

• shows unusually accurate evidence of a significant human activity

• is the only example of its type

• demonstrates designs or techniques of exceptional interest

• shows rare evidence of a significant human activity important to a community

G – Representative Macquarie Ice Rink is a typical example of an Ice Rink. The rink however has no outstanding features, it includes only the An item is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of an ice-skating rink, being an ice principal characteristics of a class of NSWs surface. However, it should be considered that the class of (or the local area’s): items to which it belongs, is not considered to be an important • cultural or natural places; or class.

• cultural or natural environments.

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Criteria Significance Assessment

Guidelines for Inclusion Guidelines for Exclusion

• is a fine example of its type • is a poor example of its type

• does not include or has lost the range of • has the principal characteristics of an characteristics of a type important • does not represent well the characteristics that class or group of items make up a significant variation of a type

• has attributes typical of a particular way of life, philosophy, custom, significant process, design, technique or activity

• is a significant variation to a class of items

• is part of a group which collectively illustrates a representative type

• is outstanding because of its setting, condition or size

• is outstanding because of its integrity or the esteem in which it is held

5.4. STATEMENT OF CULTURAL HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE Macquarie Ice Rink is not assessed to meet the requisite level of significance at a local or State level for heritage listing. While the place has a continuous association with the activity, the rink has been in operation less than 40 years and all rinks in the comparative analysis in the section above (save O’Brien Arena, Ice Zoo, Erina and the temporary rinks) have been operating a similar length of time or longer. The subject site contains the capacity for seating approximately 1150 visitors at the time of writing, the Macquarie rink has hosted no events that have required more seating than currently available elsewhere. It is not considered that any of the events held at Macquarie Ice Rink, including the National Championships (which are held at different rinks around Australia every year) are of historic significance. The Macquarie Ice Rink has associations with various ice skaters including Olympian Steven Bradbury. However, there is nothing in the fabric that represents physical association other than the place is there and that it is a rink. It should also be noted that Steven Bradbury was not exclusively associated with this ice rink, conversely Bradbury began his training at Canterbury Ice Rink. Various ice rinks in NSW have associations with former Olympians and there are few connections between Macquarie and current, or recent Olympians with the majority training at Canterbury. It is not considered that a place which has associations with sportspeople as

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one of the locations at which a sportsperson competed in their career meets the threshold for associative significance. The place has associations with Architect’s Whitehead and Payne. The architects designed a number of shopping centres around Australia between the 1960s and 1980s. Macquarie Centre is a very late example of their work. The architects, while known for designing shopping centres, are not known for designing ice rinks. Most ice rinks in New South Wales, have an associated figure skating club and ice hockey team, and provide recreational opportunities to local and visiting communities. The place is valuable to the local community as an amenity. However, the association between a community and a recreational facility is not unique. In this instance it is not considered that the value placed on the rink by the community is tied to the fabric, which was substantially upgraded in the last 10 years, rather in its provision of a facility to ice skate. There are no other qualities comprised in the place of identified importance to the community.

5.5. ASSESSMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE – GML HERITAGE Italicised information below has been reproduced directly from the Heritage Assessment prepared by GML Heritage (September 2019) and any assertions below do not necessarily represent the views of Urbis.

Table 9 – Assessment of Heritage Significance Criteria Significance Assessment

A – Historical Significance • Macquarie Ice Rink has historical interest and value as the first ice rink to be constructed in Australia as part of An item is important in the course or pattern of a shopping centre development. the local area’s cultural or natural history. • The Ice Rink is representative of the trend of shopping

centre redevelopments in the 1980s to diversify the consumer experience. Its inclusion in the centre is an unusual design feature which has contributed to the public interest and continuous use of the space since its opening.

• The Ice Rink is the only venue in the southern hemisphere to have hosted a senior World Championship for the International Skating Union.

Macquarie Ice Rink is considered to be significant at a local level under this criterion.

B – Associative Significance • The rink has associative significance as the home of Sydney Bears since the formation of the club in 1982. An item has strong or special associations with The Bears won the 1989 championships and were the life or works of a person, or group of instrumental in developing a hocky school program persons, of importance in the local area’s designed to teach newcomers to the sport and develop cultural or natural history. their skills into fully fledged ice hocky players. The Sydney Bears Club operates an ice hocky school at Macquarie Ice Rink which is highly valued by its members and young players. The rink is also the home of the Sydney Ice Dogs, Sydney’s other team in the AIHL.

• The rink has associative significance with former Olympian Steven Bradbury, who won his first national

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Criteria Significance Assessment

championship there in 1983 at the age of 10. Bradbury later recalled that the vent was one of the highlights of his sporting career. Bradbury spent most of his early years training at the Canterbury Ice Rink, but he preferred the Macquarie Rink for training when it came to competition time because of the quality of the rink.

Macquarie Ice Rink is considered to be significant at a local level under this criterion.

C – Aesthetic Significance • Macquarie Ice Rink is highly recognisable in the local community and is an integral part of the Macquarie An item is important in demonstrating aesthetic Centre. It may be considered to have landmark characteristics and/or a high degree of creative qualities as an identifiable institution within the or technical achievement in the local area. Macquarie Centre.

• The rink does not demonstrate particular creative or technical achievement. It is not a major work by an important designer or artist, and is not the inspiration for creative or technical innovation.

• When compared to other ice rinks in Sydney, the Macquarie Ice Rink is not a particularly outstanding or fine example of the ice rink typology, which are typically not built or designed to be aesthetically distinctive.

The Macquarie Ice Rink is not considered to meet the threshold for inclusion under this criterion.

D – Social Significance • Macquarie Ice Rink is highly valued by the skating community of the local are and NSW generally, as a An item has strong or special association with a training facility catering to all levels of skating from particular community or cultural group in the recreational, national, international and Olympic local area for social, cultural or spiritual skaters since opening. It caters to all skating reasons. disciplines, including speed skating, figure skating and ice hockey. It is an important institution as one of few ice rinks in Sydney and NSW built to the international Olympic Standard.

• The rink is valued by the wider community as an important and unique recreational facility in Ryde and the wider northern suburbs area. It hosts dances, discos, children’s birthday parties and social gatherings. The rink provides the opportunity for people of all ages to interact with their community.

• The rink is especially valued by competitive skaters who spend years training at the facility, many of whom have relocated to the area specifically for better access to the rink. A range of festivals and events are held at the rink each year, and it is the home rink for figure

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Criteria Significance Assessment

skating, speed skating and ice hockey schools and clubs.

• The rink is significant as the home rink of Sydney’s two ice hockey teams in the AIHL, making it the only rink in Sydney where AIHL games are played, hosting teams from across Australia. It has social value to followers of the league in Sydney and the wider region, for whom attending games is a valued part of their lifestyle and community involvement.

• The social significance of the rink is also linked to its location within the Macquarie Centre, which is considered to be a major landmark within the Macquarie Park and Ryde areas. Soon after opening, the rink quickly became part of the social experience of visiting the shopping centre.

• The loss of the ice rink would cause a significant sense of loss to the Ryde community, evidenced by the immense outpouring of support for the ice rink after its demolition was proposed. Demolition of the Macquarie Ice Rink and construction of a new rink in a new location is considered unlikely to recreate this social attachment.

Macquarie Ice Rink is considered to be significant at a state level under this criterion.

E – Research Potential • At the time it was built, Macquarie Ice Rink was described as being ‘the most advanced in the country’ An item has potential to yield information that for not only its quality and size but also because it was will contribute to an understanding of the local purposely designed to integrate into a shopping area’s cultural or natural history. complex built at the same time.

• However, it is not likely to yield new or further scientific and/or archaeological information. Any information the ice rink could contain would be readily available from other sources.

Macquarie Ice Rink it not considered to meet the threshold for inclusion under this criterion.

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Criteria Significance Assessment

F – Rarity • The ice rink is one of only four contemporary Olympic sized ice skating rinks in New South Wales and while it An item possesses uncommon, rare or is not rare, ice skating rinks are uncommon in Australia, endangered aspects of the local area’s cultural particularly because ice skating is typically associated or natural history with northern hemisphere sporting activities due to climate. It is the only ice rink in its local area and its loss would be detrimental to the amenity and lifestyle of its regular visitors.

• The Macquarie Ice Rink is rare as the only known Olympic sized and world class standard ice rink to be purposefully incorporated into a retail shopping centre, which is an unusual design feature in itself, and has contributed to the popularity and accessibility of the rink.

Macquarie Ice Rink is considered to be significant at a local level under this criterion.

G – Representative • The Macquarie Ice Rink is a good example of its type, being one of four Olympic sized ice rinks in Sydney. It An item is important in demonstrating the demonstrates attributes typical of activities associated principal characteristics of a class of NSWs (or with ice skating and the skating community. It is part of the local area’s): a small group of Olympic sized ice rinks which are • cultural or natural places; or integral to the continuation and popularisation of skating in Sydney and NSW. • cultural or natural environments. • The rink’s incorporation into a shopping centre significantly contributes to defining its unique and iconic setting, as well as its accessibility to all members of the community, evident in the community’s reaction to the prospect of its demolition.

Macquarie Ice Rink is considered to be significant at a local level under this criterion.

5.6. STATEMENT OF CULTURAL HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE Italicised information below has been reproduced directly from the Heritage Assessment prepared by GML Heritage (September 2019) and any assertions below do not necessarily represent the views of Urbis. The Macquarie Ice Rink has cultural heritage significance at a state level as an important place of public recreation since the time of its opening in 1981. Its purposeful incorporation into a shopping centre is unusual and is representative of the growing trend at the time to diversify the retail experience with intimate spaces, open space, recreational facilities and indoor gardens. Macquarie Ice Rink is associated with former Olympian Steven Bradbury and is the chosen home rink for Sydney’s two Australian Ice Hockey League (AIHL) teams, the Sydney Bears and Sydney Ice Dogs. It is also the home of many skating schools and training groups for people of all ages. The rink is highly valued by the local and regional community as a place to gather, play, socialise and compete, with its accessibility to people of all ages enhanced by its inclusion in the shopping centre and links to public transport and surrounding facilities. The rink is significant as one of few Olympic sized ice rinks in Sydney, meaning it is able to cater to all skating disciplines and is particularly valued by those training or competing at an Olympic level, and those associated with the AIHL.

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5.7. SIGNIFICANCE – DISCUSSION The tables above at Section 5.3 and Section 5.5 demonstrates that the assessment of significance relevant to the Ice Rink against the following criteria differ under the following criteria:

• Historical Significance

• Associative Significance

• Social Significance

• Rarity Values

• Representative Values

The assessments against the inclusion and exclusion criteria are set out in the tables above. The assessments in themselves make clear the reasons for the differing conclusions. Ryde Council determined that in accordance with the social and cultural significance of the place as set out in the GML Heritage Report that the RLEP 2014 was to be updated to include the item and the policies in this document have therefore been set out to protect the significance of the place as assessed by GML Heritage. However, it must be noted that in contrast to the assertions made regarding the retention of the Ice Rink in its existing location in the GML assessment, Ryde Council have expressed in principle support for the relocation of the Ice Rink provided that the key aspects of the Ice Rink which give it its heritage value can be maintained. Further, the NSW Heritage Council did not find that the place was of State significance as asserted by the GML Heritage Report. In accordance with the above, it is a recommendation of this report that Council adopt (for the purpose of populating the relevant State Heritage Inventory sheet) a revised Statement of Significance which removes reference to:

• The site being of “state significance” with consideration for NSW Heritage Council determination that the item is not of state significance.

• The reconstruction of the rink in a new location being unlikely to recreate social attachment.

In addition to the above it is imperative that the final item name distinguishes between the Ice Rink which has identified heritage values, and the remainder of Macquarie Centre, which has none. The item name should reflect the significance of the Ice Rink and the exclusion of all other fabric within Macquarie Centre. 5.8. ATTRIBUTES CONTRIBUTING TO INTANGIBLE HERITAGE VALUES Note that the subject site is not identified to have any significance which is directly vested in its fabric. The most significant aspect associated with the place noted in the table above by GML Heritage constitutes its social values. These values are linked to the use of the place as an ice-skating rink and as a gathering place for the community. That attributes that contribute to these intangible heritage values as identified by GML Heritage are set out in the table below.

Table 10 – Attributes contributing to significance. Significant Value Contributory Attributes

Use as an ice rink • Presence of ice surface.

• Dimensions of an Olympic sized ice rink which enables those training in hockey and figure skating to utilise a facility to international dimension standards and competition quality.

The rink as a place for • Quantity of tiered stadium seating for viewing games, competitions, and community gathering the skating generally.

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Significant Value Contributory Attributes

• Ability for public to access and use rink, in addition to use by figure skating and hockey clubs.

Community’s sense of • Visibility to community from public domain in the context of Macquarie place Centre.

• Internal visual connection between the rink and internal thoroughfares/gatherings areas.

• Scale of the place overall as a double height singular volume.

Significant Value Contributory Attributes

Use as an ice rink • Presence of ice surface.

• Dimensions of an Olympic sized ice rink which enables those training in hockey and figure skating to utilise a facility to international dimension standards and competition quality.

The rink as a place for • Substantial quantity of tiered stadium seating for viewing games, community gathering competitions, and the skating generally.

• Ability for public to access and use rink, in addition to use by figure skating and hockey clubs.

Community’s sense of • Visibility to community from external space in the context of Macquarie place Centre.

• Internal visual connection between the rink and internal thoroughfares/gatherings areas.

• Scale of the place overall as a double height singular volume.

5.9. VIEWS & VISTAS 5.9.1. External Views The existing Ice Rink structure is broadly located at the corner of Herring Road and Waterloo Road. The structure is most visible when its north west façade is viewed from Herring Road or the cinema fire egress walkway. The south western façade (the façade which features the large window to the ice surface) is visible from a short extent of the path adjacent to Herring Road. However, the acute angle at which the façade is viewed and the siting of the ice surface a level lower than the path does not allow visibility to the ice surface from the path. There is a sign which reads ‘Ice Skating’ at the western corner of the building which is visible from Herring Road and which is the most identifiable element associated with its use from the public domain. The structure is set back approximately 80m from Waterloo Road and this setback is occupied by the southern entrance of the Macquarie University Metro Station, a carpark, and the substantial cinema fire egress walkway. This results in the Ice Rink being minimally visible from Waterloo Road. The cinema fire egress walkway is setback minimally from the south western wall of the ice rink. The walkway is set at a higher level than the ice surface and the setback is occupied by landscaping as shown in the image below. Therefore, there is limited visibility to the ice surface even from the walkway. The walkway has no other purpose other than the provide emergency egress from the cinema. It is therefore not a destination or a natural pedestrian circulation area from which the ice surface is likely to be viewed. There is some visibility to the window from the carpark to the south of the pedestrian walkway however this is similarly obscured by the landscaping and by the substantial concrete walkway supports.

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Given the highly obscured external presentation it is not considered that there are existing significant views towards the Ice Rink from the public domain. However, there is an opportunity to enhance the visibility towards the rink as part of a future redevelopment.

Figure 84 – View towards the Ice Rink from the pedestrian Figure 85 - View towards the Ice Rink from the pedestrian path adjacent to Herring Road. path adjacent to Herring Road.

Figure 86 – View towards the Ice Rink from the cinema Figure 87 - View towards the Ice Rink from the cinema egress walkway to the south of the rink. egress walkway to the south of the rink.

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Figure 88 – View towards the Ice Rink from ground level Figure 89 - View towards the Ice Rink from Macquarie behind cinema egress walkway to south of rink. University Station concourse.

Figure 90 – View towards the Ice Rink from Macquarie University Station Concourse

5.9.2. Internal Views The visual connection between the Ice Rink and the internal spaces within the shopping are identified by Council to be of significance. The Ice Rink is visible through large horizontal lengths of glazing from:

• The Level 2 foodcourt. Views through windows to north eastern and south eastern walls to Ice Rink. • Small Level 3 food precinct. These views are to the rear of the food and beverage tenancies. • Level 3 Cinemas. Views through windows to south eastern wall to Ice Rink. The ice surface is predominantly visible from viewpoints close to the windows in these spaces, some furniture is orientated towards the windows. The ice surface is not easily visible from the natural circulation paths around the foodcourt and the cinema given the depth of these spaces and the solid lower part of the wall to level 3. However, an awareness of the facility is retained through the views to the open double height volume.

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Figure 91 – Views from the level 2 food court with visibility Figure 92 – Views from the level 2 food court with visibility to the ice rink below. to the ice rink below.

Figure 93 – Views to from the level 2 food court with Figure 94 – Views to from the level 2 food court with visibility to the ice rink below. visibility to the ice rink below.

Figure 95 – Views from the level 3 cinema foyer with some Figure 96 – Views from the level 3 food precinct with visibility to the ice rink below. partial views to the ice rink below.

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6. HERITAGE LISTINGS & STATUTORY OBLIGATIONS 6.1. HERITAGE LISTINGS On 25 February 2020, The City of Ryde resolved to forward a Planning Proposal to the Minister for Planning with a request for a Gateway Determination to list Macquarie Ice Rink under Schedule 5 Environmental Heritage of the Ryde Local Environmental 2014 (RLEP 2014). At the time of writing the Department of Planning Infrastructure and Environment has not issued Gateway Determination for the Planning Proposal. However, the site is treated as a draft heritage listed item of local significance herein. It is unclear at this stage how the item name will be crafted and how the item will be mapped given the values associated with the place are not vested in the fabric and the item is proposed for demolition. When this has been resolved this report is to be updated with the listing number and map when available. The site has no other statutory or non-statutory heritage listings. 6.2. STATUTORY OBLIGATIONS Works to the subject site may require particular approvals depending on the nature of the proposed works. Key state and local legislation, plans, policies and programs and committees affecting the management of the place are described below. This section should be referred to in addition to other management plans for the site. 6.2.1. State Government Legislation & Policies 6.2.1.1. Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 The Environmental Planning and Assessment Act 1979 (EPA Act) governs strategic planning and development assessment processes undertaken by State and Local Government in NSW. Development approval for works may be required under Part 4 or Part 5 of the Act. The EPA Act provides for the creation of Local Environmental Planning instruments (LEPs – discussed further at Section 6.2.4.1) which facilitate the statutory heritage listing of items of local significance. It is necessary in most cases to submit a DA to the relevant Local Council for permission to erect or alter a building, demolish a building; or change the use of an existing building which is listed as an item of environmental heritage under an environmental planning instrument. 6.2.2. Heritage Act 1977 The Heritage Act is administered by the Office of Environment and Heritage. The purpose of the Heritage Act 1977 is to ensure cultural heritage in NSW is adequately identified and conserved. Items of significance to the State of NSW are listed on the NSW State Heritage Register (SHR) under Section 60 of the Act. The subject site is not currently listed on the SHR and the NSW Heritage Council Approvals Committee have confirmed that it does not fulfil the criteria for a state listing. 6.2.3. Commonwealth Policies 6.2.3.1. Building Code of Australia 1996/National Construction Code 2011 The Building Code of Australia guides all construction work in Australia. Under the Local Government (Approvals) Regulation 1993 the consent authority has the discretionary power to require that existing buildings comply with current building standards, as a condition of approval for proposed works to the building. The BCA provisions relate to fire safety, access and egress, and services and equipment. Where works are proposed that affect more than 50% of the volume of the building, a full BCA upgrade under Clause 94 of the Environmental Planning and Assessment Regulation 2000 will be required. Any strategies or solutions to ensure that components of the building comply with the BCA should be driven by the cultural significance of the place. Where necessary, alternative solutions and performance based outcomes should be pursed to ensure the intent of the code is met without adversely impacting on significant fabric. Professional advice should always be obtained. Should conflicts arise between compliance and cultural significance the Heritage Council of NSW is able to provide advice and assistance in seeking appropriate compliance solutions through its Fire and Services Advisory Panel.

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6.2.4. Local Environmental Planning Instruments 6.2.4.1. Ryde Local Environmental Plan 2014 A Local Environmental Plan is the legal document for controlling development and guiding planning decisions made by Council. As outlined above in Section 6.1 the subject site is subject to the provisions of the RLEP 2014. The aims of this plan and relevant provision are listed below however it should be noted that the LEP is subject to change and reference should be made to the current document and provisions herein should not be relied upon. 1.2 Aims of Plan (1) This Plan aims to make local environmental planning provisions for land in Ryde in accordance with the relevant standard environmental planning instrument under section 33A of the Act. (2) The particular aims of this Plan are as follows: (a) to encourage a range of development, including housing, employment and recreation, that will accommodate the needs of the existing and future residents of Ryde, (b) to provide opportunities for a range of housing types that are consistent with adjoining development and the existing environmental character of the locality, (c) to foster the environmental, economic, social and physical development of Ryde so that it develops as an integrated, balanced and sustainable city, (d) to identify, conserve and promote Ryde’s natural and cultural heritage as the framework for its identity, prosperity, liveability and social development, (e) to improve access to the city, minimise vehicle kilometres travelled, facilitate the maximum use of public transport and encourage walking and cycling, (f) to protect and enhance the natural environment, including areas of remnant bushland in Ryde, by incorporating principles of ecologically sustainable development into land use controls, (g) to preserve and improve the existing character, amenity and environmental quality of the land to which this Plan applies, (h) in relation to economic activities, to provide a hierarchy of retail, commercial and industrial activities that enable employment capacity targets to be met, provide employment diversity and are compatible with local amenity The LEP requires consent for certain types of development (including development affecting and in the vicinity of heritage items) and the consent authority, in considering any proposed development, must have regard to the relevant aims, strategies and principles contained in this plan. Heritage provisions under the LEP are incorporated under Section 5.10 of the instrument. Clause 5.10 (2) nominates consent required for certain development as outlined below: (2) Requirement for consent Development consent is required for any of the following: (a) demolishing or moving any of the following or altering the exterior of any of the following (including, in the case of a building, making changes to its detail, fabric, finish or appearance): (i) a heritage item, (ii) an Aboriginal object, (iii) a building, work, relic or tree within a heritage conservation area, (b) altering a heritage item that is a building by making structural changes to its interior or by making changes to anything inside the item that is specified in Schedule 5 in relation to the item, (c) disturbing or excavating an archaeological site while knowing, or having reasonable cause to suspect, that the disturbance or excavation will or is likely to result in a relic being discovered, exposed, moved, damaged or destroyed, (d) disturbing or excavating an Aboriginal place of heritage significance,

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(e) erecting a building on land: (i) on which a heritage item is located or that is within a heritage conservation area, or (ii) on which an Aboriginal object is located or that is within an Aboriginal place of heritage significance, (f) subdividing land: (i) on which a heritage item is located or that is within a heritage conservation area, or (ii) on which an Aboriginal object is located or that is within an Aboriginal place of heritage significance.

Ryde Local Environmental Plan Section 5.10 (3) Further to the above, requirements for development consent are set out in Section 5.10 (2) of the Ryde LEP. However, it should be noted that Section 5.10 (3) of the LEP also sets out the circumstances under which development consent is not required. Under this provision development consent is not required provided the owner of the subject site has notified Ryde Council about planned works to the heritage item and received confirmation that the development: i) is of a minor nature or is for the maintenance of the heritage item, Aboriginal object, Aboriginal place of heritage significance or archaeological site or a building, work, relic, tree or place within the heritage conservation area, and ii) would not adversely affect the heritage significance of the heritage item, Aboriginal object, Aboriginal place, archaeological site or heritage conservation area, Given this report does not find that the fabric associated with the Ice Rink is of significance it is likely that minor works in the future will be subject to the above provisions for works without consent provided that the significant values are conserved. Expert heritage and planning advice should be sought to confirm on a case by case basis.

6.3. MANAGEMENT PLANS & GUIDELINES Section 5.10 (6) of the RLEP states that council may require that a Conservation Management Plan is prepared for a heritage item before granting consent. It should however be noted that at this time the listing of the site has not received Gateway Determination. In addition to the above, it should be noted that the draft site specific provision proposed in the Planning Proposal mandates requirement for a CMP for the site. Specifically, a new local clause was proposed for the RLEP 2014 which will permit the redevelopment and/or relocation of the Ice Rink within the Macquarie Shopping Centre subject to a Conservation Management Plan (CMP) being prepared for the Centre and endorsed by the consent authority, demonstrating that the current key aspects of the Rink, which give the rink its heritage value and status, can be achieved and maintained in the proposed new location. The aspects were identified as the following:

i. The incorporation of the Ice Rink within the broader shopping centre complex

ii. The strong visual relationship between the ice rink and the internal thoroughfares and a designated food-court of the proposed shopping centre

iii. The strong visual relationship between the ice rink and the external public domain through full-height glazed walls

iv. The Olympic-sized scale and dimensions and competition quality of the ice rink, together with the tiered stadium seating

v. The overall volume of the ice rink space with the double height ceiling space and singular indoor arena.

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This Conservation Management Plan is the first which has been prepared for Macquarie Ice Rink. This document is intended to guide both treatment/development of the existing Ice Rink and that which will replace the existing rink pending the outcome of the DA which this report accompanies.

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7. OPPORTUNITIES & CONSTRAINTS 7.1. INTRODUCTION The conservation planning process established by the Burra Charter of Australia ICOMOS guidelines (refer Article 6 which defines the Burra Charter Process) requires that relevant constraints be identified as part of the process for developing conservation policies for places of significance. These constraints include:

• Obligations arising from the cultural significance of the place;

• Physical constraints of the place, including environmental factors and the structural requirements of an ice rink;

• Relevant statutory and non-statutory controls;

• Owner’s needs, resources and other external constraints;

• Obligations involved in undertaking research, maintaining records and communicating the heritage values of the place.

The assessment of the following specific constraints and opportunities will result in appropriate policies for the subject site. 7.2. STATUTORY & NON-STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS Approvals for works to the site may be required under the EP&A Act, the Heritage Act or National Parks and Wildlife Act as outlined above in section 6.2. This section should be referred to prior to undertaking any works. Where new works are proposed, compliance with the Building Code of Australia 1996/ National Construction Code 2011 and Australian Standard AS1428 (Universal Access) may also be required as outlined in section 6.2. Any strategies or solutions to ensure that components of the building comply with the BCA/ NCC or AS1428 should be driven by the cultural significance of the place. Where necessary, alternative solutions and performance-based outcomes should be pursued to ensure the intent of the code is met without adversely impacting on significant fabric. Professional advice should be obtained. To minimise adverse interventions and to assist in maximising the exposure of significant heritage fabric, alternate solutions to the deemed to satisfy provisions of the BCA should be derived from performance based assessments particularly in relation to structural provisions, fire resistance and stability, fire separation, provisions for access and egress, sound transmission and isolation, and energy efficiency. Similarly, works to achieve environmental performance standards should be carefully considered in conjunction with heritage advice. 7.3. THE BURRA CHARTER The ICOMOS Burra Charter 2013 adopted by Australia ICOMOS, establishes the nationally accepted principles for the conservation of places of cultural significance. Although the Burra Charter is not cited formally in an Act, it is nationally recognised as a document that shapes the policies of the Heritage Council of NSW. The document provides the underlying methodology by works to heritage items of all levels of significance are undertaken and provides the guidelines for the management of heritage items. The building is of demonstrated cultural significance and therefore, procedures for managing change and activities at the site should be in accordance with the recognised conservation methodology of The Burra Charter. A copy of the Burra Charter is available via the following link: http://australia.icomos.org/wp- content/uploads/The-Burra-Charter-2013-Adopted-31.10.2013.pdf. The significance of the place is vested in its social values. The Burra Charter is only relevant to the subject site in this regard.

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7.4. CULTURAL HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE This CMP is based on the significance assessment prepared for the Planning Proposal by GML Heritage and endorsed by Council. GML Heritage has determined that the place is significant for its historic, associative, social, rarity and representative values. However, it has been acknowledged that the values are intangible. The values are associated with the use of the place as an ice rink and with the connection between the community and the rink. There is recognised potential by Council and Urbis to relocate the rink as part of a major redevelopment given there is an ability to reinstate these values in the context of a new rink on the site. The intention of this CMP is to guide both the treatment of the existing rink and the development and use of a new ice rink to ensure the values identified by GML Heritage are retained in accordance with either scenario (retention or relocation). This places an obligation on the owners, occupiers and users of the building and any other stakeholders responsible for or involved in the maintenance, management and any potential redevelopment of the building to conserve this identified significance. Any future proposed changes to the building must be undertaken in accordance with the Ryde LEP, the Burra Charter and with reference to the provisions of this CMP. Specific policies for the treatment of the fabric have been set out below in Section 8 however, general constraints in relation to the elements, fabric and spaces of heritage significance include:

• Visual connections between the public domain (externally) and the Ice Rink

• The visual relationship between the Ice Rink and internal gathering space

• The Olympic dimensions of the Ice Rink and the volume of the space overall

• Tiered stadium style seating

• The overall incorporation of the Ice Rink into the shopping centre. 7.5. CURRENT & FUTURE USES The site is currently utilised for its original use as an ice-skating rink which is integrated within a major shopping centre. It is understood that the Ice Rink is a highly utilised community facility (albeit privately owned by AMPC). In accordance with the significance of the place as set out by GML Heritage in Section 5.5 and the discussion of heritage attributes set out at Section 5.8 it is concluded that the fabric associated with the Ice Rink is not significant but that the values are intangible and associated with its existing use. The retention of this use and required ancillary uses, including spectator, off ice training and café use is therefore a requirement of its appropriate conservation. As set out in the discussion of the Owner’s Requirements in the section below, the feasibility of relocating the Ice Rink subject to development consent is being investigated. In accordance with a future redevelopment and relocation of the Ice Rink there may be an opportunity to introduce additional uses to supplement the primary use as an ice rink. Additional uses have the potential to contribute to the social significance of the heritage item as they may support the community use and encourage use of the place as one for community gathering. Physically the large, uninterrupted volume which is required to accommodate an Ice Rink is also appropriate for other entertainment/community gathering uses (concerts, table/computer gaming tournaments, sports). Further investigation is able to be undertaken into appropriate additional uses if desired in the future. Future additional uses are to be subject to the policies set out at Section 8.6 of this report. 7.6. VISUAL CONNECTION A key contributor to the significance of the place as identified by GML heritage constitutes the visual connection between the community (internally and externally) and the Ice Rink. The existing connection between the Ice Rink and external areas is acknowledged. However, as set out in the discussion of significant views (Section 5.9) the Ice Rink, while located to the western edge of the shopping centre, is so integrated within it in terms of form and materiality that it is difficult to discern the

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location of the Ice Rink. The morphology of the building and the landscaping directly outside the double height window obscures the only feature (except signage) that discerns the Ice Rink when viewed from the public domain. Existing external viewpoints to the ice surface are confined to a cinema egress walkway to the west of the double height window. This cinema egress walkway is not a natural point of gathering or circulation. Any viewpoints beyond this including from both Herring and Waterloo Roads are obscured by a carpark, a ramp, Metro Station entrance and are impeded the lower level of the ice surface. Further, the external elevation to Herring Road represents a utilitarian façade with no defining characteristic other than the ‘Ice Skating’ sign. There is an opportunity to significantly enhance visual connections between the rink and external areas. Visual connection with the Ice Rink (building and ice surface) can be investigated. This could be achieved by locating the Ice Rink in a location within the centre which is more prominent when viewed from the public domain (outside the centre). In addition, a façade treatment may be applied to the Ice Rink which distinguishes it from the rest of Macquarie Centre. This is relevant to both the existing Ice Rink and a new Ice Rink in the context of a major redevelopment. 7.7. OWNER REQUIREMENTS Macquarie Centre has been managed by AMP and AMP Capital since it was first developed by AMP in the early 1980s.The Ice Rink is currently operated by a lessee. The lease of the Ice Rink is understood to terminate in January 2021. Since the construction of Macquarie Centre, the place has undergone several redevelopments to become on the nation’s premium shopping destinations location within Sydney’s Global Arc and within Macquarie Park. AMPC are in the process of developing a scheme for the major redevelopment of the site. AMPC redevelopment intentions for the site, include public benefits on the site that a vibrant mixed-use redevelopment will bring. The redevelopment of the site will include:

• A new public plaza adjacent to Macquarie University Metro Station (located in the corner of Waterloo and Herring Road)

• An improved connection between the Macquarie University Metro Station and the Centre

• Public domain improvements and the activation of Herring Road

• Provision of a library/community hub (subject of a VPA entered into between the owners of Macquarie Centre and Council)

AMPC recognises the importance of an Olympic size Ice Rink on the site. Investigations are currently underway which consider the relocation of the Ice Rink elsewhere within the Macquarie Centre redevelopment which allows delivery of all the abovementioned public benefits. 7.8. CONSTRAINTS ARISING FROM STRUCTURAL/OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS The specialist design of an ice rink includes a number of key factors for consideration to ensure that the place is able to operate effectively and efficiently. These factors have been summarised below and are required to inform the design and location of any new rink. It is noted that these constraints in part dictate the distance and visibility of the ice rink surface from both the public domain and entry however are required to sustainably support the primary ongoing use.

• The rink is required to be a voluminous and uninterrupted space. Columns/structural walls are not able to be incorporated throughout most of the place dedicated for the Ice Rink. Therefore, the structural load of the space is constrained and construction of any additional mass above the Ice Rink is precluded.

• The Ice Rink is subject to substantial energy demands as the space is perpetually kept at a low temperature. Responsible design of the structure surrounding the Ice Rink therefore requires that direct solar access on the ice is minimised where possible to ensure that sections of the ice are not subject to melting.

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• The Ice Rink requires entry air locks to maintain internal conditions.

• A large foyer within the rink building is required to manage ticketing, and skate hire etc., as well as an extensive area in front of the rink building to the meet the modern requirements to safely manage large crowds during competitions and events.

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8. CONSERVATION POLICIES 8.1. WHAT IS A CONSERVATION POLICY? A conservation policy explains the principles to be followed to retain, conserve, restore or reveal the heritage significance of a place, and how that significance can be enhanced and maintained. This relies on a full understanding of the significance of the place, and a review of the constraints and opportunities arising from that significance. 8.2. ADOPTION, IMPLEMENTATION & REVIEW 8.2.1. Adoption and Review of Conservation Management Plan Background Any works to the property should comply with appropriate legislation, policies and guidelines, as amended from time to time, including but not limited to the Building Code of Australia (including the National Construction Code), the Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter (revised 2013) and relevant environmental planning documentation. Policy Policy 1. This conservation management plan should be adopted by present and future owners, managers and occupants of the place, and used as a guide for management and conservation, and in conjunction with any proposals for future development or adaptive re-use of the place. A copy of this conservation management plan should be provided with any future sale of the place and retained on-site at all times, for the use by those responsible for the management and conservation of the place. Policy 2. This document is to be provided to the lessee of the Ice Rink in conjunction with a heritage induction to ensure the legislative requirements associated with any future works are understood. Policy 3. A copy of the CMP should be submitted to the local Council for reference purposes and be referred to when considering proposed changes to the building. Policy 4. This CMP should be submitted to the relevant Council as part of any application for new development or adaptive re-use proposals. Where appropriate or requested, it should be accompanied by a heritage impact statement that assesses the specific impacts of the proposal against relevant legislation and policies in this CMP. Policy 5. This CMP should be reviewed and updated within 5-10 years to be remain relevant to ongoing change and use of the place, and statutory compliance. Prior to the review, if substantial changes in the management or use of the place is proposed that are not covered by policies in this report then the policy section should be reviewed. Irrespective of the requirement to review the document in the above time period, the CMP should remain as a valid basis for the ongoing heritage management until such reviews are completed. Policy 6. The policies in this plan are not to be read in isolation but rather in conjunction and as part of a comprehensive guide to the conservation management of the building. 8.3. STATUTORY OBLIGATIONS Background The subject site is treated for the purpose of this report as an item of local heritage significance under Schedule 5 of the Ryde LEP 2014, pending finalisation of the current Planning Proposal to amend the RLEP for this purpose. Therefore, legislation relevant to heritage applies to the management and future DA regarding the Ice Rink as set out in Section 6 above. Any work to the property must comply with appropriate legislation, policies and guidelines, as amended from time to time, including but not limited to the National Construction Code, the Australia ICOMOS Burra Charter 2013, relevant City of Ryde LEP controls and the Heritage NSW (formerly NSW Office of Environment and Heritage) guidelines.

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Note that the final item name and mapping for the heritage listing is being resolved at the time of writing this report. However, it is understood that the listing name and map will be confined to the Ice Rink within the shopping centre rather than applying to the Macquarie Centre in its entirety. Therefore, the below provisions apply only to the Ice Rink and only apply to treatment of additional fabric insofar as works may impact the visual connection with the Ice Rink. Policy Policy 7. Approvals are required for development works to the Ice Rink from the City of Ryde. Reference should be made to this CMP and the requirements set out in the Ryde LEP 2014 to determine the appropriate approvals required for any proposed works. Policy 8. Future proposed changes to the Ice Rink need to be assessed in accordance with the relevant Ryde LEP provisions and this CMP. Policy 9. This Conservation Management Plan is to be submitted to the City of Ryde Council as part of any application new works to the Ice Rink. Where appropriate or requested, it should be accompanied by a Heritage Impact Statement that assesses the specific impacts of the proposal against relevant legislation and policies in this CMP. 8.4. MANAGING HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE 8.4.1. Statement of Cultural Significance Background The Statement of Significance included at Section 5.6 sets out the heritage values of the place identified by GML Heritage. All future decisions and works to the property must be guided by the statement of cultural significance and the identified significant use and visual connection between the community and the Ice Rink as identified in this CMP, together with any additional detailed research and assessment. This report does not grade the significance of elements comprised within the rink as the associated value are considered to be largely intangible and linked to the concept of an ice rink which is visually linked to the community. The attributes set out in 5.8 are all considered for the purpose of this report to be significant and are to be conserved/interpreted in accordance with the values set out in this section. This section acknowledges that changes to the fabric comprised within the rink is possible. However, all new, replacement and relocated fabric is to ensure that the new fabric facilitates the retention of the values set out in this report i.e. changes are not permitted which would preclude the use of the place as a publicly accessible ice rink. Policy Policy 10. The Statement of Significance set out in this report is to be accepted as the basis for future conservation of the fabric and values of the place. All future works to the place should be cognisant of the significant use and visual connection between the community and the Ice Rink as identified in this CMP, together with any additional detailed research and assessment. Policy 11. Due to the significance of the site being related primarily to social significance, relocation of the rink within the shopping is possible where it can be demonstrated that the new works retain the attributes set out in this report and are in accordance with the policies in this report. Policy 12. The attributes set out in this report are identified to directly contribute to the place’s overall heritage significance. No changes are to be made to the place which have a significant adverse impact on the identified values. Policy 13. Changes to the rink are to be guided by a Heritage Specialist. Policy 14. The nature of the existing fabric and of any new fabric does not require specialist heritage contractors to undertake new works however all repair and reconstruction works to key elements which contribute to the values of the place (i.e. the ice surface) is to be undertaken by a relevant specialist. Policy 15. There are no individual built elements of significance within the subject site. However, if any substantial portion of the Ice Rink is proposed for demolition, removal or alteration, it should be subject to archival photographic recording to record the overall volume and the visual

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connections. Copies of this document should be retained on site and provided to the relevant consent authorities (the local Council and Heritage NSW). Archival recordings should be undertaken in accordance with Heritage NSW Guidelines for ‘Photographic Recording of Heritage Items Using Film or Digital Capture’. 8.4.2. Best Practice Heritage Management (The Burra Charter) Policy Policy 16. The future conservation and management of the place should be carried out in accordance with the principles of the Burra Charter. The Burra Charter advocates a cautious approach to change: do as much as necessary to care for the place and to make it useable, but otherwise change it as little as possible so that its cultural significance is retained. Policy 17. All contractors, consultants and project managers engaged to work on the place should have appropriate skills, experience and techniques appropriate to the trade, fabric or services, and should work within the guidelines of this CMP. Policy 18. A Heritage Impact Statement should be prepared for all proposals for new development within the Ice Rink. 8.5. MAINTENANCE Background Regular maintenance works are required to be implemented to ensure the continuation of the significant use. Ongoing maintenance should be undertaken in accordance with a cyclical maintenance plan for the facility. The maintenance plan is to be developed by the owner and lessee in collaboration and identify different areas of responsibility e.g. the ice surface, associated operational elements, fitout and the building structure. Policy Policy 19. Maintenance should aim to conserve and enhance the identified heritage values of the place. ‘ Policy 20. The identified significant visual link between the Ice Rink and the centre is to be maintained at all times. Covering of windows between food court/cinema and the Ice Rink is not appropriate without the applicable approvals as set out in this document. Policy 21. Fabric directly related to the significant use of the place is to have priority works undertaken when required. In particular the ice surface is not to be out of use for any substantial period of time. If any additional works are required for the maintenance of the place, appropriate approvals are to be sought in accordance with this CMP and the RLEP. Policy 22. Maintenance is to be undertaken on a regular basis. A schedule of cyclical and ongoing maintenance is to be prepared by the owner and lessee in collaboration. This schedule is to be establish the responsibilities of each party. 8.6. USE Existing Use The primary significance of the place is vested in its use as an ice-skating rink. In accordance with the significance of the place as set out by GML Heritage in Section 5.5 and the discussion of heritage attributes set out at Section 5.8 it is concluded that the fabric associated with the Ice Rink is not significant but that the values are intangible and associated with the importance of the existing use in the context of the local community. The retention of this use and required ancillary uses, including spectator, off ice training and café use is therefore a requirement of its appropriate conservation.

Short Term Additional Uses In addition to the significant primary use, opportunities may arise to introduce additional uses to the existing rink or develop a strategy by which the rink is able to be periodically adapted to suit short term additional uses. Additional uses have the potential to appeal to broader interest groups in the community and to therefore support the social significance of the heritage item as a place for community gathering, recreation and entertainment.

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The large, uninterrupted volume which is required to accommodate an Ice Rink is physically appropriate for other recreation and entertainment uses. Appropriate additional uses are to be identified in conjunction with a heritage consultant and as part of future investigations however the following types of uses are likely to be appropriate subject to the additional use guidelines below in this section:

• Concert venues • Table/computer game tournaments • Other sports including soccer etc • Exhibitions • Industry conventions • Productions/community theatre • School use • Functions associated with the office park Any additional uses are to be secondary to the primary ice-skating function of the space. Additional uses which inhibit the use of the Ice Rink for any substantial period are not appropriate. Any future application which facilitates additional uses is to include an implementation strategy which demonstrates:

• The frequency of the implementation of additional uses (proposed days per year). Additional uses which cover the ice surface are to be infrequent to ensure that the primary use is maintained. • That an engineering solution is able to be implemented for a surface over the ice which does not require unfreezing then refreezing the ice surface. • That the works to accommodate additional uses do not require medium or long term covering of the ice surface. That is, that the documented solution in accordance with the above point is able to be installed and uninstalled for short term events. Policy Policy 23. The primary use of the place as an ice rink is to be retained. Policy 24. Existing ancillary uses which support the primary use and the use of the place as one for community gathering are to be retained. Continued allowance is to be made in the existing rink or any future reconstructed/relocated rink for spectator, off ice training and café/canteen use. Policy 25. Any additional use of the place is to be secondary to the primary ice skating function. The implementation of any additional use is to demonstrate that the works to accommodate the additional use do not require medium or long term covering of the ice surface (i.e. more than a week at a time). Policy 26. Any additional uses introduced into the place are to be in line with the identified social significance of the place as one for community recreation.

8.7. ALTERATIONS & NEW WORK Background This section contemplates alterations and additions to the existing rink. This section further sets out policies which aim to retain the existing identified values of the Ice Rink in the context of the future redevelopment of the centre and the possible relocation of the Ice Rink. It should be considered that any new/relocated Ice Rink is to serve the same function as that existing, therefore the policies below generally relate to the existing Ice Rink and any new facility. Policy Policy 27. Alterations which compromise access to an Olympic sized ice rink within Macquarie Centre are not appropriate. Policy 28. Visual connection is to be maintained between the Ice Rink and the internal functions of the centre. Policy 29. The Ice Rink is to be retained as a double height volume which is uninterrupted by columns/supporting structure. Policy 30. The Ice Rink is to retain dimensions which comply with International/Olympic Standards.

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Policy 31. The Ice Rink is to retain stadium style seating, only minor reductions in the quantity of available seating is appropriate.

8.8. SETTING & VIEWS Background The existing connection between the Ice Rink and external areas is acknowledged. However, as set out in the discussion of significant views (Section 5.9) the existing views to the rink are limited and confined to cinema egress which is not a natural point of gathering or circulation. Further, the external elevation to Herring Road represents a utilitarian façade with no defining characteristic other than the ‘Ice Skating’ sign. There is an opportunity in the context of a redeveloped centre to enhance visual connection between the rink and external area. The existing setting of the Ice Rink (to the west) currently presents as a service area with landscaping in front of a viewing platform which does not look to be well utilised. There is an opportunity in the context of a redeveloped centre to enhance the public domain around the Ice Rink or to implement an approved public domain strategy as part of major redevelopment. Policy Policy 32. An opportunity exists for enhanced visual connection between the public domain and the Ice Rink which is currently obscured when viewed from the road. Investigate opportunities to reinforce the sense of place created by the Ice Rink. Policy 33. Direct visual connections between the public domain/interior spaces of Macquarie Centre and the Ice Rink are to be retained and investigated as a priority. However, where this is demonstrably not feasible alternative devices, including art or video are able to be utilised as visual cues which indicate the use of the place. Policy 34. In the context of a redeveloped centre opportunities are to be identified to improve the public area surrounding the Ice Rink to facilitate community gathering and viewpoints into the Ice Rink.

8.9. INTERPRETATION & FURTHER INVESTIGATION Background Interpretation is an essential part of the conservation process and particularly relevant to this site which comprises no significant fabric but intangible values. Methods of interpretation may include introducing interpretative devices (such as discrete labelling), the use of historic photographs and/or presentation in publications and websites. Policy Policy 35. The highest form of interpretation is the retention and conservation of significant values, uses and relationships. Policy 36. Prepare and implement an Interpretation Strategy for the site. Policy 37. There are no individual-built elements of significance within the subject site. However, if any substantial portion of the Ice Rink is proposed for demolition, removal or alteration, it should be subject to archival photographic recording to record the overall volume and the visual connections. Copies of this document should be retained on site and provided to the relevant consent authorities (the local Council and Heritage NSW). Archival recordings should be undertaken in accordance with Heritage NSW Guidelines for ‘Photographic Recording of Heritage Items Using Film or Digital Capture’.

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8.10. IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES The following table lists strategies for implementing the conservation policies for the place. The strategies have been cross-referenced to conservation policies above and prioritised as follows:

• high priority works should be undertaken within the next 12 months or in conjunction with a major redevelopment;

• medium priority works should be undertaken within the next four years, and

• low priority works should be undertaken within the next six years.

Table 11 – Implementation strategies for conservation policies Strategy Conservation Policy Priority

Adopt CMP to guide the management Policy 1 High of the place.

Implement a facility maintenance plan. Policy 22 High

Undertake a Heritage Interpretation Policy 36 High Strategy

Undertake a CMP review Policy 5 As per the guidelines in this section

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9. BIBLIOGRAPHY Department of Lands 2018, Spatial Information Exchange, Department of Lands, Sydney, available at: . Google Maps 2018, Aerial view of subject site, available at: . Apperly, R., Irving, R. and Reynolds, P. (eds) 2002, A Pictorial Guide to Identifying Australian Architecture: Styles and Terms from 1788 to the Present, Angus and Robertson, Pymble. Australian Heritage Commission 2002a, Ask First: A Guide to Respecting Indigenous Heritage Places and Values, Australian Heritage Commission, Canberra. Australian Heritage Commission 2002b, Australian Natural Heritage Charter for the Conservation of Places of Natural Heritage Significance, 2nd ed., Australian Heritage Commission, Canberra. Australia ICOMOS 1999, The Burra Charter: 2013 The Australia ICOMOS Charter for Places of Cultural Significance, Australia ICOMOS, Burwood. Heritage Office and Department of Urban Affairs & Planning 1996, NSW Heritage Manual, Heritage Office and Department of Urban Affairs & Planning (NSW), Sydney. Heritage Office 2001, Assessing Heritage Significance, Heritage Office, Parramatta. Heritage Office 2002, Statements of Heritage Impact, Heritage Office, Parramatta. Kerr, James Semple 2000, The Conservation Plan, National Trust of Australia (NSW), Sydney. NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service 1997, Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Standards and Guidelines Kit, NSW National Parks and Wildlife Service Hurstville.

[Note: Some government departments have changed their names over time and the above publications state the name at the time of publication.]

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DISCLAIMER

This report is dated 26 August 2020 and incorporates information and events up to that date only and excludes any information arising, or event occurring, after that date which may affect the validity of Urbis Pty Ltd’s (Urbis) opinion in this report. Urbis prepared this report on the instructions, and for the benefit only, of AMP (Instructing Party) for the purpose of a Conservation Management Plan (Purpose) and not for any other purpose or use. To the extent permitted by applicable law, Urbis expressly disclaims all liability, whether direct or indirect, to the Instructing Party which relies or purports to rely on this report for any purpose other than the Purpose, and to any other person which relies or purports to rely on this report for any purpose whatsoever (including the Purpose). In preparing this report, Urbis was required to make judgements which may be affected by unforeseen future events, the likelihood and effects of which are not capable of precise assessment. All surveys, forecasts, projections and recommendations contained in or associated with this report are made in good faith and on the basis of information supplied to Urbis at the date of this report, and upon which Urbis relied. Achievement of the projections and budgets set out in this report will depend, among other things, on the actions of others over which Urbis has no control. In preparing this report, Urbis may rely on or refer to documents in a language other than English, which Urbis may arrange to be translated. Urbis is not responsible for the accuracy or completeness of such translations and disclaims any liability for any statement or opinion made in this report being inaccurate or incomplete arising from such translations. Whilst Urbis has made all reasonable inquiries it believes necessary in preparing this report, it is not responsible for determining the completeness or accuracy of information provided to it. Urbis (including its officers and personnel) is not liable for any errors or omissions, including in information provided by the Instructing Party or another person or upon which Urbis relies, provided that such errors or omissions are not made by Urbis recklessly or in bad faith. This report has been prepared with due care and diligence by Urbis and the statements and opinions given by Urbis in this report are given in good faith and in the reasonable belief that they are correct and not misleading, subject to the limitations above.

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