METEOR-Berichte Mid-Atlantic Expedition 2003-2004 Cruise No
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Single Particle Analysis of Particulate Pollutants in Yellowstone National Park During the Winter Snowmobile Season
SINGLE PARTICLE ANALYSIS OF PARTICULATE POLLUTANTS IN YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK DURING THE WINTER SNOWMOBILE SEASON. Richard E. Peterson* and Bonnie J. Tyler** * Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry **Dept. of Chemical Engineering Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA [email protected] Introduction: Particulate, or aerosol, pollution is a complex mixture of organic and inorganic compounds which includes a wide range of sizes and whose composition can vary widely depending on the time of year, geographical location, and both local and long range sources. Aerosol are important because of participation in atmospheric electricity, absorption and scattering of radiation (i.e. sunlight and thus affecting climate and visibility), their role as condensation nuclei for water vapor (and thus affecting precipitation chemistry and pH), and health effects. Particles greater than 2 micrometers in diameter (coarse) are generally formed by mechanical processes while smaller particles (fine) are formed by gas to particle conversion and accumulation/coagulation of these smallest aerosol. Because particles smaller than 2.5 micrometers (USEPA PM2.5) can become trapped deep in the lungs, it is of particular interest to identify toxic substances, such as heavy metals and polyaromatic hydrocarbons, that may be present in particles of this size range. Epidemiological studies have typically used particle size as the metric for identifying adverse health effects of particulate matter (PM), largely because data on PM size is available. Data on particle composition or other characteristics are less well known, if known at all in many cases. We are evaluating the potential for using Time of Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS) to study the composition of single particles from atmospheric aerosol. -
Linking Mesopelagic Prey Abundance and Distribution to the Foraging
Deep–Sea Research Part II 140 (2017) 163–170 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Deep–Sea Research II journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/dsr2 Linking mesopelagic prey abundance and distribution to the foraging MARK behavior of a deep-diving predator, the northern elephant seal ⁎ Daisuke Saijoa,1, Yoko Mitanib,1, , Takuzo Abec,2, Hiroko Sasakid, Chandra Goetsche, Daniel P. Costae, Kazushi Miyashitab a Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, 20-5 Bentencho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 040-0051, Japan b Field Science Center for Northern Biosphere, Hokkaido University, 20-5 Bentencho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 040-0051, Japan c School of Fisheries Science, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato cho, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan d Arctic Environment Research Center, National Institute of Polar Research, 10-3, Midori-cho, Tachikawa, Tokyo 190-8518, Japan e Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95060, United States ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: The Transition Zone in the eastern North Pacific is important foraging habitat for many marine predators. Deep-scattering layer Further, the mesopelagic depths (200–1000 m) host an abundant prey resource known as the deep scattering Transition Zone layer that supports deep diving predators, such as northern elephant seals, beaked whales, and sperm whales. fi mesopelagic sh Female northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) undertake biannual foraging migrations to this myctophid region where they feed on mesopelagic fish and squid; however, in situ measurements of prey distribution and subsurface chlorophyll abundance, as well as the subsurface oceanographic features in the mesopelagic Transition Zone are limited. While concurrently tracking female elephant seals during their post-molt migration, we conducted a ship-based oceanographic and hydroacoustic survey and used mesopelagic mid-water trawls to sample the deep scattering layer. -
Updated Checklist of Marine Fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the Proposed Extension of the Portuguese Continental Shelf
European Journal of Taxonomy 73: 1-73 ISSN 2118-9773 http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2014.73 www.europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu 2014 · Carneiro M. et al. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Monograph urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9A5F217D-8E7B-448A-9CAB-2CCC9CC6F857 Updated checklist of marine fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf Miguel CARNEIRO1,5, Rogélia MARTINS2,6, Monica LANDI*,3,7 & Filipe O. COSTA4,8 1,2 DIV-RP (Modelling and Management Fishery Resources Division), Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Av. Brasilia 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 3,4 CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] * corresponding author: [email protected] 5 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:90A98A50-327E-4648-9DCE-75709C7A2472 6 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:1EB6DE00-9E91-407C-B7C4-34F31F29FD88 7 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:6D3AC760-77F2-4CFA-B5C7-665CB07F4CEB 8 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:48E53CF3-71C8-403C-BECD-10B20B3C15B4 Abstract. The study of the Portuguese marine ichthyofauna has a long historical tradition, rooted back in the 18th Century. Here we present an annotated checklist of the marine fishes from Portuguese waters, including the area encompassed by the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf and the Economic Exclusive Zone (EEZ). The list is based on historical literature records and taxon occurrence data obtained from natural history collections, together with new revisions and occurrences. -
Censusing Non-Fish Nekton
WORKSHOP SYNOPSIS Censusing Non-Fish Nekton Carohln Levi, Gregory Stone and Jerry R. Schubel New England Aquarium ° Boston, Massachusetts USA his is a brief summary of a "Non-Fish SUMMARIES OF WORKING GROUPS Nekton" workshop held on 10-11 December 1997 at the New England Aquarium. The overall goals Cephalopods were: (1) to assess the feasibility of conducting a census New higher-level taxa are yet to be discovered, of life in the sea, (2) to identify the strategies and especially among coleoid cephalopods, which are components of such a census, (3) to assess whether a undergoing rapid evolutionary radiation. There are periodic census would generate scientifically worth- great gaps in natural history and ecosystem function- while results, and (4) to determine the level of interest ing, with even major commercial species largely of the scientific community in participating in the unknown. This is particularly, complex, since these design and conduct of a census of life in the sea. short-lived, rapidly growing animals move up through This workshop focused on "non-fish nekton," which trophic levels in a single season. were defined to include: marine mammals, marine reptiles, cephalopods and "other invertebrates." During . Early consolidation of existing cephalopod data is the course of the workshop, it was suggested that a needed, including the vast literatures in Japanese more appropriate phase for "other invertebrates" is and Russian. Access to and evaluation of historical invertebrate micronekton. Throughout the report we survey, catch, biological and video image data sets have used the latter terminology. and collections is needed. An Internet-based reposi- Birds were omitted only because of lack of time. -
Guidance for Using Continuous Monitors in Pm Monitoring
United States Office of Air Quality EPA-454/R-98-012 Environmental Protection Planning and Standards May 1998 Agency Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 Air GUIDANCE FOR USING CONTINUOUS MONITORS IN PM2.5 MONITORING NETWORKS GUIDANCE FOR USING CONTINUOUS MONITORS IN PM2.5 MONITORING NETWORKS May 29, 1998 PREPARED BY John G. Watson1 Judith C. Chow1 Hans Moosmüller1 Mark Green1 Neil Frank2 Marc Pitchford3 PREPARED FOR Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, NC 27711 1Desert Research Institute, University and Community College System of Nevada, PO Box 60220, Reno, NV 89506 2U.S. EPA/OAQPS, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27711 3National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 755 E. Flamingo, Las Vegas, NV 89119 DISCLAIMER The development of this document has been funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, under cooperative agreement CX824291-01-1, and by the Desert Research Institute of the University and Community College System of Nevada. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. This draft has not been subject to the Agency’s peer and administrative review, and does not necessarily represent Agency policy or guidance. ii ABSTRACT This guidance provides a survey of alternatives for continuous in-situ measurements of suspended particles, their chemical components, and their gaseous precursors. Recent and anticipated advances in measurement technology provide reliable and practical instruments for particle quantification over averaging times ranging from minutes to hours. These devices provide instantaneous, telemetered results and can use limited manpower more efficiently than manual, filter-based methods. -
Meridional Patterns in the Deep Scattering Layers and Top Predator Distribution in the Central Equatorial Pacific
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Publications, Agencies and Staff of the U.S. Department of Commerce U.S. Department of Commerce 2010 Meridional patterns in the deep scattering layers and top predator distribution in the central equatorial Pacific Elliott L. Hazen NOAA SWFSC Pacific Fisheries Environmental Lab, [email protected] David W. Johnston Duke University Marine Lab, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdeptcommercepub Part of the Environmental Sciences Commons Hazen, Elliott L. and Johnston, David W., "Meridional patterns in the deep scattering layers and top predator distribution in the central equatorial Pacific" (2010). Publications, Agencies and Staff of the U.S. Department of Commerce. 275. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/usdeptcommercepub/275 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the U.S. Department of Commerce at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications, Agencies and Staff of the U.S. Department of Commerce by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. FISHERIES OCEANOGRAPHY Fish. Oceanogr. 19:6, 427–433, 2010 SHORT COMMUNICATION Meridional patterns in the deep scattering layers and top predator distribution in the central equatorial Pacific ELLIOTT L. HAZEN1,2,* AND DAVID W. component towards understanding the behavior and JOHNSTON1 distribution of highly migratory predator species. 1 Division of Marine -
Contents of Volume 42 (2012)
CONTENTS OF VOLUME 42 (2012) Issue 1 Tripp-Valdez A., Arreguín-Sánchez F., Zetina-Rejón M.J. The food of Selene peruviana (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Carangidae) in the southern Gulf of California .................. 1 Zarrad R., Alemany F., Jarboui O., Garcia A., Akrout F. Comparative characterization of the spawning environments of European anchovy, Engraulis encrasicolus , and round sardinella, Sardinella aurita (Actinopterygii: Clupeiformes) in the eastern coast of Tunisia ............................... 9 Ordines F., Valls M., Gouraguine A. Biology, feeding, and habitat preferences of Cadenat’s rockfish, Scorpaena loppei (Actinopterygii: Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae), in the Balearic Islands (western Mediterranean) ..................................... 21 Socha M., Sokołowska-Mikołajczyk M., Szczerbik P., Chyb J., Mikołajczyk T., Epler P. The effect of polychlorinated biphenyls mixture (Aroclor 1254) on the embryonic development and hatching of Prussian carp, Carassius gibelio , and common carp, Cyprinus carpio (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) ............................................................................................................................................................... 31 Khan A., Ghosh K. Characterization and identification of gut-associated phytase-producing bacteria in some fresh water fish cultured in ponds ...................................................................................................................................................................................... -
Blue-Sea Thinking
TECHNOLOGY QUARTERLY March 10th 2018 OCEAN TECHNOLOGY Blue-sea thinking 20180310_TQOceanTechnology.indd 1 28/02/2018 14:26 TECHNOLOGY QUARTERLY Ocean technology Listening underwater Sing a song of sonar Technology is transforming the relationship between people and the oceans, says Hal Hodson N THE summer of 1942, as America’s Pacific has always been. The subsurface ocean is inhospitable fleet was sluggingit out at the battle ofMidway, to humans and their machines. Salt water corrodes ex- the USS Jasper, a coastal patrol boat, was float- posed mechanisms and absorbs both visible light and ALSO IN THIS TQ ing 130 nautical miles (240km) off the west radio waves—thus ruling out radar and long-distance UNDERSEA MINING coast of Mexico, listening to the sea below. It communication. The lack of breathable oxygen se- Race to the bottom was alive with sound: “Some fish grunt, others verely curtails human visits. The brutal pressure Iwhistle or sing, and some just grind their teeth,” reads makes its depths hard to access at all. FISH FARMING the ship’s log. The discovery of the deep scattering layer was a Net gains The Jasper did not just listen. She sang her own landmark in the use of technology to get around these song to the sea—a song of sonar. Experimental equip- problems. It was also a by-blow. The Jasperwas not out MILITARY ment on board beamed chirrups of sound into the there looking for deepwater plankton; it was working APPLICATIONS depths and listened for their return. When they came out how to use sonar (which stands forSound Naviga- Mutually assured back, they gave those on board a shock. -
The Development of SONAR As a Tool in Marine Biological Research in the Twentieth Century
Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Journal of Oceanography Volume 2013, Article ID 678621, 9 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/678621 Review Article The Development of SONAR as a Tool in Marine Biological Research in the Twentieth Century John A. Fornshell1 and Alessandra Tesei2 1 National Museum of Natural History, Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA 2 AGUAtech, Via delle Pianazze 74, 19136 La Spezia, Italy Correspondence should be addressed to John A. Fornshell; [email protected] Received 3 June 2013; Revised 16 September 2013; Accepted 25 September 2013 Academic Editor: Emilio Fernandez´ Copyright © 2013 J. A. Fornshell and A. Tesei. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The development of acoustic methods for measuring depths and ranges in the ocean environment began in the second decade of the twentieth century. The two world wars and the “Cold War” produced three eras of rapid technological development in the field of acoustic oceanography. By the mid-1920s, researchers had identified echoes from fish, Gadus morhua, in the traces from their echo sounders. The first tank experiments establishing the basics for detection of fish were performed in 1928. Through the 1930s, the use of SONAR as a means of locating schools of fish was developed. The end of World War II was quickly followed by the advent of using SONAR to track and hunt whales in the Southern Ocean and the marketing of commercial fish finding SONARs for use by commercial fisherman. -
The Fish Fauna of Ampe`Re Seamount (NE Atlantic) and the Adjacent
Helgol Mar Res (2015) 69:13–23 DOI 10.1007/s10152-014-0413-4 ORIGINAL ARTICLE The fish fauna of Ampe`re Seamount (NE Atlantic) and the adjacent abyssal plain Bernd Christiansen • Rui P. Vieira • Sabine Christiansen • Anneke Denda • Frederico Oliveira • Jorge M. S. Gonc¸alves Received: 26 March 2014 / Revised: 15 September 2014 / Accepted: 24 September 2014 / Published online: 2 October 2014 Ó Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg and AWI 2014 Abstract An inventory of benthic and benthopelagic stone’’ hypothesis of species dispersal, some differences fishes is presented as a result of two exploratory surveys can be attributed to the local features of the seamounts. around Ampe`re Seamount, between Madeira and the Por- tuguese mainland, covering water depths from 60 to Keywords Deep sea Á Fish distribution Á Ichthyofauna Á 4,400 m. A total of 239 fishes were collected using dif- Seamounts Á Zoogeography ferent types of sampling gear. Three chondrichthyan spe- cies and 31 teleosts in 21 families were identified. The collections showed a vertical zonation with little overlap, Introduction but indications for an affinity of species to certain water masses were only vague. Although most of the species Due to their vertical range and habitat diversity, seamounts present new records for Ampe`re Seamount, all of them often support high fish diversity, as compared to the sur- have been known for the NE Atlantic; endemic species rounding ocean, and some are known as hotspots of were not found. The comparison with fish communities at endemic species (e.g. Shank 2010; Stocks et al. 2012). other NE Atlantic seamounts indicates that despite a high Seamounts are considered to act as ‘‘stepping stones’’ for ichthyofaunal similarity, which supports the ‘‘stepping species dispersal (Almada et al. -
Acoustics Today, July 2012 V8i3p5 ECHOES Fall 04 Final 8/14/12 11:17 AM Page 27
v8i3p5_ECHOES fall 04 final 8/14/12 11:17 AM Page 25 COUNTING CRITTERS IN THE SEA USING ACTIVE ACOUSTICS Joseph D. Warren Stony Brook University, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences Southampton, New York 11968 Introduction “Alex Trebek asked me a “fancy fish-finder.” While this is true in few years after I finished gradu- a very broad sense, there are significant ate school, I was a contestant on simple question. How many differences between scientific Athe TV game show “Jeopardy,” echosounders and the fish-finders on where my performance could gener- krill does a whale eat when it most fishing boats. ously be described as terrible. During The first recorded incident (that I the between-rounds Question and opens its mouth and takes a am aware of) of active acoustic detec- Answer (Q&A) segment with host Alex tion of biological organisms was in the Trebek, we talked about my research on gulp? I froze and realized I “deep scattering layer” (DSL) (Dietz, Antarctic krill and he asked me a sim- 1948; Johnson, 1948). Early depth- ple question. “How many krill does a had no idea what the answer measuring systems used paper-charts to whale eat when it opens its mouth and record the strength of the echoes that takes a gulp?” I froze and realized I had was to his question.” were detected. The seafloor produced a no idea what the answer was to his very strong echo, however the chart- question. Having attended a few scientific conferences at recorder also showed weaker reflections occurring several this point in my career, I knew how to respond to a question hundred meters deep in the ocean that were definitely not the like this: sound knowledgeable, speak confidently, and seafloor. -
Mediterranean Sea
OVERVIEW OF THE CONSERVATION STATUS OF THE MARINE FISHES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA Compiled by Dania Abdul Malak, Suzanne R. Livingstone, David Pollard, Beth A. Polidoro, Annabelle Cuttelod, Michel Bariche, Murat Bilecenoglu, Kent E. Carpenter, Bruce B. Collette, Patrice Francour, Menachem Goren, Mohamed Hichem Kara, Enric Massutí, Costas Papaconstantinou and Leonardo Tunesi MEDITERRANEAN The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ – Regional Assessment OVERVIEW OF THE CONSERVATION STATUS OF THE MARINE FISHES OF THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA Compiled by Dania Abdul Malak, Suzanne R. Livingstone, David Pollard, Beth A. Polidoro, Annabelle Cuttelod, Michel Bariche, Murat Bilecenoglu, Kent E. Carpenter, Bruce B. Collette, Patrice Francour, Menachem Goren, Mohamed Hichem Kara, Enric Massutí, Costas Papaconstantinou and Leonardo Tunesi The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species™ – Regional Assessment Compilers: Dania Abdul Malak Mediterranean Species Programme, IUCN Centre for Mediterranean Cooperation, calle Marie Curie 22, 29590 Campanillas (Parque Tecnológico de Andalucía), Málaga, Spain Suzanne R. Livingstone Global Marine Species Assessment, Marine Biodiversity Unit, IUCN Species Programme, c/o Conservation International, Arlington, VA 22202, USA David Pollard Applied Marine Conservation Ecology, 7/86 Darling Street, Balmain East, New South Wales 2041, Australia; Research Associate, Department of Ichthyology, Australian Museum, Sydney, Australia Beth A. Polidoro Global Marine Species Assessment, Marine Biodiversity Unit, IUCN Species Programme, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA Annabelle Cuttelod Red List Unit, IUCN Species Programme, 219c Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL,UK Michel Bariche Biology Departement, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon Murat Bilecenoglu Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Adnan Menderes University, 09010 Aydin, Turkey Kent E. Carpenter Global Marine Species Assessment, Marine Biodiversity Unit, IUCN Species Programme, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA Bruce B.