Review of East African Cochylini (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) with Description of New Species
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
© Norwegian Journal of Entomology. 14 December 2010 Review of East African Cochylini (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) with description of new species LEIF AARVIK Aarvik, L. 2010. Review of East African Cochylini (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) with description of new species. Norwegian Journal of Entomology 57, 81–108. The following new species are described: Phtheochroa lonnvei sp. n., P. kenyana sp. n., Cochylimorpha africana sp. n., Eugnosta unifasciana sp. n., E. marginana sp. n., Actihema jirani sp. n., A. msituni sp. n., A. fibigeri sp. n., A. simpsonae sp. n., Diceratura complicana sp. n. and Falseuncaria aberdarensis sp. n. The new genus Afropoecilia gen. nov. is established for Afropoecilia kituloensis sp. n. Three species are transferred to the genus Cochylimorpha Razowski, 1959; C. cataracta (Aarvik, 2004) comb. nov., C. namibiana (Aarvik, 2004) comb. nov. and C. exoterica (Meyrick, 1924) comb. nov. Key words: Lepidoptera, Tortricidae, Cochylini, Afropoecilia, new species, Africa. Leif Aarvik, Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1172 Blindern, NO-0318 Oslo, Norway. E-mail: [email protected] Introduction have additional local endemics. In the present paper 12 new species are described, bringing the In his catalogue of the Afrotropical Cochylini total number of African Cochylini to 44. Razowski (1995) listed 25 species. Aarvik (2004) added three species from Namibia, and Razowski (2005) four species from South Africa. Material and methods The number of species known from Africa until present, 32, is extremely low compared with The material was collected during the author’s the number of species occurring for instance in stay in Tanzania in 1991–1993, and on subsequent Europe. In his monograph treating the European visits, to Tanzania in 2005, Uganda 2007 and Kenya fauna of the subfamily Tortricinae (Razowski 2008. A major part of the material was collected in 2002), the author included 171 species in Kenya by David Agassiz in the years 1999–2008 Cochylini. Most of the African Cochylini species during several collecting trips, and during a long described so far are from South Africa. From East stay in the years 1999–2001. A single new species Africa less than five species have been recorded. was collected by entomologists from the Natural After several collecting trips to the East African History Museum, Oslo (NHMO), on a trip to countries, the impression is that the tribe is Ethiopia in 2007. Type material in the collection poorly represented in the region. Cochylini are of The Royal Museum for Central Africa, rarely encountered, and most nights not a single Tervuren, Belgium (RMCA), Swedish Museum of specimen appears on the sheet. Most of the Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden (RMS), and species have been collected at high altitude, either The Natural History Museum, London, United in mountain forest or grassland. In spite of the low Kingdom (BMNH) were checked. number of species known today, it is probable that Specimens were captured at night by means several new species await discovery. The isolated of light. They were kept alive in glass tubes till mountain ranges in this part of Africa no doubt next morning and then killed with ammonia 81 Aarvik: East African Cochylini vapour. After a few minutes they were pinned Phtheochroa lonnvei sp. n. on micro pins in plastic boxes with bottom layer (FIGS 1–3) of plastazote or expanded polyethylene, and the wings were spread on the surface of the bottom Type material. Holotype male, Ethiopia, Oromia layer. In this position they were dried and packed. Reg., Bale zone, 43 km SW Goba, Bale Mts. Nat. After maceration male and female genitalia Park, Darwin Camp, N 6º42’54,3’’; E 39º43’26,7’’ were dissected under a stereoscopic microscope 2370 m a.s.l., at light, 9.X.2007, leg. O. J. Lønnve, and embedded in euparal on glass slides. Photos genital slide NHMO 1805, coll. NHMO. of the genitalia were taken using a Leica DFC Etymology. Named after Ole J. Lønnve, 420 digital camera. Imagines were photographed Nesodden, Norway, who collected the specimen. using Microptics photographic system. The digital Description. Male (Fig. 1). Wingspan 25 mm. images were manipulated with Adobe Photoshop. Labial palp 3 times diameter of eye, basally light The terminology of genitalia and morphological grey, otherwise white. Antenna fasciculate, setae structures follows Horak (2006), the terminology slightly shorter than width of shaft. Head and thorax of wing pattern elements follows Razowski white, except grey bases of tegulae. Forewing (2002). The colour figures of imagines were white, suffused with greyish brown along costa to obtained by projecting a dias photo on paper, and ⅔ from base; greyish brown strigulation in fold then the contours of the moth, including wing and along dorsum apart from basal third; greyish pattern, were painted on the paper. Subsequently brown oblique lines in terminal third; some rufous all details were painted by comparing with the suffusion in fold and in terminal part, and a specimen under a stereoscopic microscope. distinct rufous discal spot; a distinct white mark Abbreviations for museums and individuals: from costa at ⅔, filling the upper part of cell to BMNH – The Natural History Museum, London, middle; the basal part of this mark suffused with United Kingdom; NHMO – Natural History yellow; cilia rubbed. Hindwing white, with grey Museum, University of Oslo, Norway; RMCA transverse striae; cilia white with light grey cilia – Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, line. Abdominal tuft dirty yellow. Belgium; RMS – Swedish Museum of Natural Male genitalia (Figs 2–3). Uncus well History, Stockholm, Sweden; NMK – National developed, slender; socii triangular, slightly Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya; DA – David produced distally; median process of transtilla Agassiz, private collection; LAA – Leif Aarvik, large and broad, distally rounded and with private collection; GP LAA – Genital preparation numerous short thorns; valva broad in basal part, L. Aarvik gradually becoming more narrow towards distal end; vinculum without ventral split; aedeagus (Fig. 3) evenly curved, becoming more slender Phtheochroa Stephens, 1829 towards distal end, with two large cornuti, the shorter one is broader than the longer. Types species [Tortrix] rugosana Hübner, [1796–1799] Female. Not known. Distribution. Ethiopia. This is a large and somewhat heterogeneous Remarks. This externally characteristic genus with numerous species in the Palaearctic species is only known from one male. According and Nearctic regions. Razowski (2005) described to the genitalia it is a typical member of the genus Phtheochroa natalica Razowski, 2005 which Phtheochroa. However, among the numerous is the first representative from the Afrotropical Palaearctic species (Razowski 1970) there does region. In the present work two additional African not seem to be any close relative. species are described. The new species are not closely related to P. natalica, nor are they closely related to each other. 82 Norwegian Journal of Entomology 57, 81–108 (2010) 1 2 3 FIGURES 1–3. Phtheochroa lonnvei sp. n. 1. ♂ holotype. 2. Male genitalia. 3. Aedeagus. Phtheochroa kenyana sp. n. Frons conical in profile. Antenna ciliate; basal cilia (FIGS 4–6 & 41) longer than diameter of antenna. Head and thorax with mixture of grey and brown scales. Forewing Type material. Holotype male, Kenya, Rift Valley with dense cover of greyish brown scales; reddish Prov., Turi 8000 ft. 4.XI.1998, leg. D. Agassiz, GP brown scales form an oblique fascia from dorsum LAA 22012 (to be deposited in BMNH). Paratypes before middle towards costa; fascia edged on both 2♂♂4♀♀ same data as holotype, 1♀ 24.XI.1998, sides with some cream-coloured scales; reddish GP LAA 22013, 1♂ 28.XII.1998, 1♀ 1.I.1999, 1♂ brown scales form an additional ill-defined fascia 13.I.1999, coll. DA, 1♀ 24.IV.1999, coll. NMK, in subterminal part of wing; cream-coloured scales 1♀ 28.XI.1999, coll. LAA. form indistinct strigulae along costa. Cilia basally Etymology. Named after the country where fuscous, terminally ochreous with groups of the species was collected, Kenya. fuscous scales. Hindwing grey, lighter in female, Description. Male (Fig. 41). Wingspan female with lighter patches causing darker striae. 20 mm, male 15 mm. Labial palp 3 times diameter Male genitalia (Figs 4–5). Top of tegumen of eye, light grey with dense brown spots laterally. with slight prominence, reduced uncus; socii 83 Aarvik: East African Cochylini 4 5 6 FIGURES 4–6. Phtheochroa kenyana sp. n. 4. Male genitalia. 5. Aedeagus. 6. Female genitalia. broad, weak; vinculum without basal split; split. This associates it with a group of Palaearctic median process of transtilla large, triangular, with species around P. rugosana (Hübner, 1799), see terminal thorns; valva curved, slightly angulate figures in Razowski (2002). at termination of sacculus; juxta with long rod- The presence of a distal process on juxta could like process; aedeagus (Fig. 5) with single strong indicate a relationship with species in Hemiacta cornutus. Razowski, 1993. However, other parts of the Female genitalia (Fig. 6). Apophyses genitalia, e.g. the teguminal processes, exclude anteriores long, nearly reaching anterior end of inclusion in Hemiacta. A juxta process similar to corpus bursae; antrum formed as a band; ductus the one found in Phtheochroa kenyana sp. n. is bursae wide, of even width, sclerotised; corpus present in the European Phtheochroa ingridae, bursa without sclerites, strongly wrinkled. Huemer, 1990 (Razowski 2002, pl. 8, fig. 75), Distribution. Kenya. which is a member of the P. rugosana group. Remarks. Only collected in a single locality in Kenya. In the male genitalia most species of Phtheochroa have a fully developed uncus and Cochylimorpha Razowski, 1959 the vinculum has no ventral split. Most other Cochylini have reduced uncus and have the Type species Cochylis favillana Staudinger, 1859 = Cochylis vinculum split in two separate arms which are elongana Fischer von Röslerstamm, 1839 connected with a short membrane. Phtheochroa kenyana sp. n.