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Birinci Bölüm T.C. SAKARYA ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ SOSYAL VE POLİTİK BİR VAKA OLARAK OSMANLI DEVLETİ’NDE ŞEHZADE ÖLÜMLERİ YÜKSEK LİSANS TEZİ Tuğba DEMİRCİ Enstitü Anabilim Dalı : Tarih Enstitü Bilim Dalı : Yeniçağ Tarihi Tez Danışmanı: Prof. Dr. Mehmet Yaşar ERTAŞ MAYIS – 2019 ÖNSÖZ Tezimin üç yıllık hazırlanma sürecinde yardımlarını esirgemeyen ve daima moral kaynağım olan dostlarım Hilal KORKMAZ, Sevda KABAN, Gülistan ÜNAL, Yasemin GÜNDOĞDU, Fatma ALTIOK, Mustafa ALTUN, Ümmügülsüm KAYGUSUZ, Mehmet KERİM, TÜGVA Ekibi ve bilhassa eğitim hayatım boyunca bana her durumda koşulsuz destek veren manevi güç kaynağım annem Müşerref DEMİRCİ’ye ve babam Necmettin DEMİRCİ’ye yürekten teşekkür ederim. Eğitim hayatım boyunca üzerimde emeği olan, fikrî ve kalbî olarak gelişimime katkı sağlayan hocalarıma, uzun bir ara verdikten sonra eğitim hayatına dönüş yapmamı sağlayan Binali KARAHAN ve N. Tuana KARAHAN-KOÇOĞLU’na, tez jürisi olarak verdiği katkılar sebebiyle Prof. Dr. Arif BİLGİN ve Prof. Dr. Selim KARAHANSANOĞLU’na, bilhassa tezimin her aşamasında yardımcı olan ve çalışmamı sahiplenerek titizlikle takip eden, kapısına her yöneldiğimde sabırla beni dinleyen ve “Bilimin ahlakı usulden geçer” düsturuyla beni yönlendiren danışmanım Prof. Dr. Mehmet Yaşar ERTAŞ’a değerli katkıları ve emekleri için en içten teşekkürlerimi ve saygılarımı sunarım. Tuğba DEMİRCİ 22.05.2019 İÇİNDEKİLER KISALTMALAR ........................................................................................................... iv RESİM LİSTESİ ............................................................................................................. v FOTOĞRAF LİSTESİ .................................................................................................. vi GİRİŞ ............................................................................................................................... 1 BÖLÜM 1: OSMANLI DEVLETİ’NİN YÖNETİM SİSTEMİ VE ŞEHZADELİK 7 1.1. Osmanlı Devleti’nde Şehzadelik Kurumu ............................................................... 11 1.1.1 Tarihsel Arka Plan.......................................................................................... 11 1.1.2. Osmanlı Şehzadesi ........................................................................................ 13 1.2. Şehzadelerin Saray ve Sancak Hayatları .................................................................. 14 1.2.1. Şehzadelerin Doğumları ................................................................................ 14 1.2.2 Şehzadelerin Sünnet Düğünleri (Sur-ı Hümayun) ......................................... 16 1.2.3 Şehzadelerin Eğitimleri .................................................................................. 19 1.2.4 Şehzadelerin Evlilikleri .................................................................................. 21 1.2.5 Şehzadelerin Sancağa Çıkması ...................................................................... 22 1.2.6 Şehzade Sancaklarının Yönetimi ve Şehzadelerin Vazifeleri ........................ 27 1.2.7 Şehzade Lalası ve Siyasi Rolü ....................................................................... 30 1.3. Veraset Meselesi ve Kardeş Katli ............................................................................ 32 1.3.1. Veraset Meselesi Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme............................................... 32 1.3.2 Kardeş Katli ve Ortaya Çıkardığı Tartışmalar ............................................... 39 BÖLÜM 2: ŞEHZADE ÖLÜMLERİ .......................................................................... 48 2.1. Vadesi Dolanlar ....................................................................................................... 48 2.1.1. Şehzade Süleyman Paşa ................................................................................ 48 2.1.2. Şehzade Alaaddin .......................................................................................... 51 2.1.3. Şehzade Mustafa ........................................................................................... 52 2.1.4. Şehzade Abdullah.......................................................................................... 55 2.1.5. Şehzade Alemşah .......................................................................................... 56 2.1.6. Şehzade Mahmud .......................................................................................... 56 2.1.7. Şehzade Şehinşah .......................................................................................... 57 2.1.8. Şehzade Mehmed .......................................................................................... 59 2.1.9. Şehzade Cihangir .......................................................................................... 61 2.1.10. Şehzade Mahmud ve Şehzade Murad ......................................................... 62 2.1.11. Şehzade Selim ............................................................................................. 62 i 2.2. Katledilen Şehzadeler............................................................................................... 63 2.2.1. Şehzade Savcı................................................................................................ 64 2.2.2. Şehzade Yakup Çelebi .................................................................................. 66 2.2.3. Fetret Dönemi Şehzadeleri ............................................................................ 68 2.2.4. Küçük (Şehzade) Mustafa ............................................................................. 72 2.2.5. Şehzade Ahmed ............................................................................................. 74 2.2.6. Cem Sultan .................................................................................................... 75 2.2.7. Şehzade Korkud ............................................................................................ 81 2.2.8. Şehzade Ahmed ............................................................................................. 85 2.2.9. Şehzade Mustafa ........................................................................................... 87 2.2.10. Şehzade Bayezid ......................................................................................... 91 2.2.11. II. Selim’in Şehzadeleri ............................................................................... 96 2.2.12. III. Murad’ın Şehzadeleri (19 Şehzade) ...................................................... 97 2.2.13. Şehzade Mahmud ........................................................................................ 98 2.2.14. Şehzade Mehmed ...................................................................................... 100 2.2.15. Şehzade Bayezid - Şehzade Süleyman - Şehzade Kasım.......................... 101 BÖLÜM 3: ŞEHZADE ÖLÜMLERİNİN OSMANLI DUYGU DÜNYASINA YANSIMASI ................................................................................................................ 103 3.1. Kuruluştan Fatih Sultan Mehmed Dönemine Kadar .............................................. 105 3.1.1. Rumeli Fatihi Şehzade Süleyman Paşa ....................................................... 105 3.1.2. “Nizam-ı Âlem” Uğruna İlk Katledilen Şehzade: Yakup Çelebi................ 111 3.1.3. İktidar Mücadelesinin Kurbanları: Emir Süleyman ve Musa Çelebi .......... 114 3.1.4. Kendi Küçük İsyanı Büyük: Şehzade Küçük Mustafa ................................ 120 3.2. Fatih Sultan Mehmed’den Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Dönemine Kadar................. 124 3.2.1. Şehzade Mustafa ......................................................................................... 124 3.2.2. İsyandan Esarete: Şehzade Cem.................................................................. 129 3.2.3. II. Bayezid’in Oğulları ................................................................................ 135 3.2.3.1. Şehzade Abdullah Mersiyesi ......................................................... 135 3.2.3.2. Şehzade Alemşah İçin Yazılmış İki Mersiye ................................ 138 3.2.3.3. Şehzade Mahmud Mersiyeleri ....................................................... 143 3.2.3.4. Şehzade Şehinşah Mersiyesi ......................................................... 146 3.2.4. Yavuz’un “Nizam-Âlem İçün” Öldürttükleri.............................................. 147 3.2.4.1. Yeğen Şehzadeler .......................................................................... 147 3.2.4.2. Şehzade Korkud ............................................................................ 150 3.2.4.3. Şehzade Ahmed ve Oğulları .......................................................... 153 ii 3.3. Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Dönemi : Altın Çağ’ın Bahtsız Şehzadeleri .................. 157 3.3.1. Şehzade Mehmed ........................................................................................ 158 3.3.2. Şehzade Mustafa ......................................................................................... 166 3.3.3. Şehzade Bayezid ve Oğulları ...................................................................... 187 3.4. II. Selim’den IV. Murad’a: Şehzade-i Güzinler ..................................................... 192 3.4.1. II. Selim’in Şehzadeleri ............................................................................... 192 3.4.2. III. Murad’ın Şehzadeleri (19 Şehzade) ...................................................... 197 3.4.3. Şehzade Mehmed ....................................................................................... 202 SONUÇ ........................................................................................................................
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