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P2-Apr 2002 Vol 8 No 1 INTERNATIONAL Journal of Wilderness APRIL 2002 VOLUME 8, NUMBER 1 FEATURES EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION 3 EDITORIAL PERSPECTIVES 31 Running with the Wild Dogs Wilderness and IJW as the Century Begins Global Wilderness Management Education in Africa BY JOHN C. HENDEE BY MALCOLM DRAPER and ALAN WATSON 4 SOUL OF THE WILDERNESS 33 School Of Lost Borders The 7th World Wilderness Congress Establishes International Wilderness and Human Communities “Wilderness Passage Rites” Degree BY VANCE G. MARTIN and ANDREW MUIR INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES STEWARDSHIP 34 The Zambezi River A Summary of the Report 10 Wilderness and Tourism Ensuring the Stewardship of the National BY SALLY WYNN Wilderness Preservation System BY PERRY J. BROWN 40 One Year in the Arctic Wilderness 13 Keeping It Wild A Surgeon’s Vision for Youth Expeditions BY MARK EVANS Be Involved in Wilderness Management! BY TINAMARIE EKKER WILDERNESS DIGEST SCIENCE AND RESEARCH 43 Announcements and Wilderness Calendar 19 PERSPECTIVES FROM THE ALDO LEOPOLD WILDERNESS RESEARCH INSTITUTE 46 Letters to the Editor Managing the Density of Recreation Use in Wilderness 47 Book Reviews BY DAVID N. COLE Plundered Promise: Capitalism, Politics and the Fate of the Federal Lands 20 Restoring Wildness? By Richard Behan Conservation Management on The Isle of Rum REVIEW BY JOHN SHULTIS BY BRIAN WOOD The World and the Wild: Expanding Wilderness 24 Wilderness Attribute Mapping in Conservation Beyond Its American Roots Edited by David Rothenberg and Marta Ulvaeus the United Kingdom REVIEW BY JOHN SHULTIS BY STEVE CARVER, ANDY EVANS, and STEFFEN FRITZ 30 Rocky Terrain The large FRONT COVER photo shows yuccas at 1,636 m. elevation in A Look at the Risks in the Outdoor Adventure Industry Sierra Peña Nevada, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. INSERT PHOTO is of a delicate A Research Report by the ST. PAUL INSURANCE but pointy cactus in flower, Sierra Madre Oriental, San Luis Potosi, Mexico. COMPANIES and OUTWARD BOUND, USA. Reviewed by Both photos © 2001 courtesy of Alan Watson/Forest Light. STEVE HOLLENHORST and KEITH RUSSELL International Journal of Wilderness The International Journal of Wilderness links wilderness professionals, scientists, educators, environmentalists, and interested citizens worldwide with a forum for reporting and discussing wilderness ideas and events; inspirational ideas; planning, management, and allocation strategies; education; and research and policy aspects of wilderness stewardship. EXECUTIVE EDITORS Alan W. Ewert, Indiana University, Bloomington, Ind., USA Vance G. Martin, WILD Foundation, Ojai, Calif., USA Alan Watson, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Research Institute, Missoula, Mont., USA John Shultis, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, B.C., Canada EDITOR-IN-CHIEF John C. Hendee, Director, University of Idaho Wilderness Research Center, Moscow, Idaho, USA CO-MANAGING EDITORS Chad Dawson, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, N.Y., USA Steve Hollenhorst, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, USA WEB MASTER Wayne A. Freimund, University of Montana, Missoula, Mont., USA ASSOCIATE EDITORS—INTERNATIONAL Gordon Cessford, Department of Conservation, Wellington, New Zealand; Karen Fox, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; Les Molloy, Heritage Works, Wellington, New Zealand; Andrew Muir, South African Wilderness Leadership School, Durbin, South Africa; Ian Player, South Africa National Parks Board and The Wilderness Foundation, Howick, Natal, Republic of South Africa; Vicki A. M. Sahanatien, Fundy National Park, Alma, Canada; Won Sop Shin, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Korea; Anna-Liisa Sippola, University of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland; Pamela Wright, Bamfield Marine Station, Bamfield, B.C., Canada; Franco Zunino, Associazione Italiana per la Wilderness, Murialdo, Italy. ASSOCIATE EDITORS—UNITED STATES Greg Aplet, The Wilderness Society, Denver, Colo.; Liz Close, U.S. Forest Service, Washington D.C.; David Cole, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Research Institute, Missoula, Mont.; John Daigle, University of Maine, Orono, Maine; Lewis Glenn, Outward Bound USA, Garrison, N.Y.; Glenn Haas, Colorado State Univer- sity, Fort Collins, Colo.; Troy Hall, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho; Dr. William Hammit, Clemson University, Clemson, S.C.; Greg Hansen, U.S. Forest Service, Mesa, Ariz.; Dave Harmon, Bureau of Land Management, Portland, Oreg.; Bill Hendricks, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, Calif.; Ed Krumpe, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho; Jim Mahoney, Bureau of Land Management, Sierra Vista, Ariz.; Bob Manning, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vt.; Jeffrey Marion, Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, Va.; Leo McAvoy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn.; Michael McCloskey, Sierra Club, Washington, D.C.; Christopher Monz, Dean, Sterling College, Craftsbury Common, Vt.; Bob Muth, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Mass.; Connie Myers, Arthur Carhart Wilderness Training Center, Missoula, Mont.; Roderick Nash, University of California, Santa Barbara, Calif.; David Ostergren, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Ariz.; Marilyn Riley, Wilderness Transitions and the Wilderness Guides Council, Ross, Calif.; Joe Roggenbuck, Vir- ginia Polytechnic Institute, Blacksburg, Va.; Holmes Rolston III, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colo.; Mitch Sakofs, Outward Bound, Garrison, N.Y.; Susan Sater, U.S. Forest Service, Portland, Oreg.; Tod Schimelpfenig, National Outdoor Leadership School, Lander, Wyo.; Jerry Stokes, U.S. Forest Service, Washington, D.C.; Elizabeth Thorndike, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.; Jay Watson, The Wilderness Society, San Francisco, Calif. International Journal of Wilderness (IJW) publishes three issues per year Submissions: Contributions pertinent to wilderness worldwide are (April, August, and December). IJW is a not-for-profit publication. solicited, including articles on wilderness planning, management, and allocation strategies; wilderness education, including descriptions Manuscripts to: University of Idaho, Wilderness Research Center, of key programs using wilderness for personal growth, therapy, and Moscow, ID 83844-1144, USA. Telephone: (208) 885-2267. Fax: environmental education; wilderness-related science and research from (208) 885-2268. E-mail: [email protected]. all disciplines addressing physical, biological, and social aspects of wilderness; and international perspectives describing wilderness Business Management and Subscriptions: WILD Foundation, P.O. worldwide. Articles, commentaries, letters to the editor, photos, book Box 1380, Ojai, CA 93024, USA. Fax: (805) 640-0230. E-mail: reviews, announcements, and information for the wilderness digest are [email protected]. encouraged. A complete list of manuscript submission guidelines is available from the editors. Subscription rates (per volume calendar year): Subscription costs are in U.S. dollars only—$30 for individuals and $50 for organizations/ Artwork: Submission of artwork and photographs with captions are libraries. Subscriptions from Canada and Mexico, add $10; outside North encouraged. Photo credits will appear in a byline; artwork may be signed America, add $20. Back issues are available for $15. by the author. All materials printed in the International Journal of Wilderness, copyright World Wide Website: www.ijw.org. © 2002 by the International Wilderness Leadership (WILD) Foundation. Individuals, and nonprofit libraries acting for them, are permitted to make Printed on recycled paper. fair use of material from the journal. ISSN # 1086-5519. SPONSORING ORGANIZATIONS • Aldo Leopold Wilderness Research Institute • Indiana University, Department of Recreation and Park Administration • National Outdoor Leadership School (NOLS) • Outward Bound™ • SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry • The WILD® Foundation • The Wilderness Society • University of Idaho Wilderness Research Center • University of Montana, School of Forestry and Wilderness Institute • USDA Forest Service • USDI Bureau of Land Management • USDI Fish and Wildlife Service • USDI National Park Service • Wilderness Foundation (South Africa) • Wilderness Inquiry • Wilderness Leadership School (South Africa) 2 International Journal of Wilderness APRIL 2002 • VOLUME 8, NUMBER 1 FEATURES EDITORIAL PERSPECTIVES Wilderness and IJW as the Century Begins BY JOHN C. HENDEE his issue of the IJW (vol. 8, no. 1) begins our eighth reflected in the preceding seven year of publication. When the IJW began in 1995, years of the IJW. This issue dem- Tthere was excitement and optimism for the role of onstrates the diverse and inter- wilderness in the expanding environmental movement national wilderness interests that worldwide. Many important wilderness events followed. have evolved. Vance Martin, The past seven years have seen important growth in wil- USA, and Andrew Muir, South derness systems in the United States and around the world. Africa, report on the November Two more World Wilderness Congresses (WWCs) have been 2001 7th WWC. Perry Brown, held—the 6th WWC in 1998 held in Bangalore, India, and leader of a U.S. wilderness stew- the 7th WWC in 2001 held in Port Elizabeth, South Africa, ardship evaluation committee substantially contributing to the wilderness cultural and tech- presents a summary report of nical literature with their proceedings, and expanding the rel- their review and recommenda- evance of wilderness internationally. In the United States, the tions. Tina Ekker of Wilderness Arthur Carhart Wilderness Training Center has trained hun-
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