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The Struggle to Redevelop a Jim Crow State, 1960–2000
Educating for a New Economy: The Struggle to Redevelop a Jim Crow State, 1960–2000 by William D. Goldsmith Department of History Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Nancy MacLean, Supervisor ___________________________ Edward J. Balleisen ___________________________ Adriane Lentz-Smith ___________________________ Gary Gereffi ___________________________ Helen Ladd Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History in The Graduate School of Duke University 2018 ABSTRACT Educating for a New Economy: The Struggle to Redevelop a Jim Crow State, 1960–2000 by William D. Goldsmith Department of History Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Nancy MacLean, Supervisor ___________________________ Edward J. Balleisen ___________________________ Adriane Lentz-Smith ___________________________ Gary Gereffi ___________________________ Helen Ladd An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History in the Graduate School of Duke University 2018 Copyright by William D. Goldsmith 2018 Abstract This dissertation shows how an array of policymakers, invested in uprooting an unequal political economy descended from the plantation system and Jim Crow, gravitated to education as a centerpiece of development strategy, and why so many are still disappointed in its outcomes. By looking at state-wide policymaking in North Carolina and policy effects in the state’s black belt counties, this study shows why the civil rights movement was vital for shifting state policy in former Jim Crow states towards greater investment in human resources. By breaking down employment barriers to African Americans and opening up the South to new people and ideas, the civil rights movement fostered a new climate for economic policymaking, and a new ecosystem of organizations flourished to promote equitable growth. -
Presidential Documents
Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents Monday, December 18, 2006 Volume 42—Number 50 Pages 2147–2171 VerDate Aug 31 2005 11:34 Dec 19, 2006 Jkt 211001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 1249 Sfmt 1249 E:\PRESDOCS\P50DEF4.015 P50DEF4 Contents Addresses and Remarks Letters and Messages See also Meetings With Foreign Leaders Hanukkah 2006, message—2168 Presidential Medal of Freedom, Meetings With Foreign Leaders presentation—2162 Radio address—2148 Benin, President Yayi—2157 State Department, meeting with senior Iraq, Deputy President Hashimi—2152 officials—2151 Proclamations Virginia Armed Forces Full Honor Review for Human Rights Day, Bill of Rights Day, and Defense Secretary Rumsfeld—2166 Human Rights Week—2147 Defense Department, meeting with senior Wright Brothers Day—2168 officials in Arlington—2153 Statements by the President White House Summit on Malaria—2158 Congressional passage Communications to Federal Agencies Fisheries management legislation—2150 Designation of Officers of the Department of Outer Continental Shelf legislation—2149 Justice, memorandum—2148 Ryan White CARE Act, reauthorization Determination Pursuant to Section 2(c)(1) of legislation—2150 the Migration and Refugee Assistance Act U.S.-India nuclear energy cooperation of 1962, as Amended, memorandum—2162 legislation—2151 Presidential Determination on Sanctions Vietnam, permanent trade relations Against North Korea for Detonation of a legislation—2150 Nuclear Explosive Device, memorandum— Sudan, Darfur situation—2151 2147 Syrian Government—2156 Executive Orders Supplementary Materials Amendment to Executive Order 13317, Acts approved by the President—2171 Volunteers for Prosperity—2162 Checklist of White House press releases— 2170 Interviews With the News Media Digest of other White House Exchange with reporters in Arlington, VA— announcements—2169 2153 Nominations submitted to the Senate—2170 WEEKLY COMPILATION OF Distribution is made only by the Superintendent of Docu- ments, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. -
Picking the Vice President
Picking the Vice President Elaine C. Kamarck Brookings Institution Press Washington, D.C. Contents Introduction 4 1 The Balancing Model 6 The Vice Presidency as an “Arranged Marriage” 2 Breaking the Mold 14 From Arranged Marriages to Love Matches 3 The Partnership Model in Action 20 Al Gore Dick Cheney Joe Biden 4 Conclusion 33 Copyright 36 Introduction Throughout history, the vice president has been a pretty forlorn character, not unlike the fictional vice president Julia Louis-Dreyfus plays in the HBO seriesVEEP . In the first episode, Vice President Selina Meyer keeps asking her secretary whether the president has called. He hasn’t. She then walks into a U.S. senator’s office and asks of her old colleague, “What have I been missing here?” Without looking up from her computer, the senator responds, “Power.” Until recently, vice presidents were not very interesting nor was the relationship between presidents and their vice presidents very consequential—and for good reason. Historically, vice presidents have been understudies, have often been disliked or even despised by the president they served, and have been used by political parties, derided by journalists, and ridiculed by the public. The job of vice president has been so peripheral that VPs themselves have even made fun of the office. That’s because from the beginning of the nineteenth century until the last decade of the twentieth century, most vice presidents were chosen to “balance” the ticket. The balance in question could be geographic—a northern presidential candidate like John F. Kennedy of Massachusetts picked a southerner like Lyndon B. -
In the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit ______
07-4943-cv IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT ____________________ JOHN DOE INC., JOHN DOE, AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION, and AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION FOUNDATION, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. MICHAEL B. MUKASEY, in his official capacity as Attorney General of the United States, ROBERT S. MUELLER III, in his official capacity as Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and VALERIE E. CAPRONI, in her official capacity as General Counsel to the Federal Bureau of Investigation, Defendants-Appellants. ____________________ ON APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF NEW YORK ___________________ BRIEF OF AMICUS CURIAE, NATIONAL SECURITY ARCHIVE AND ELECTRONIC FRONTIER FOUNDATION IN SUPPORT OF PLAINTIFFS-APPELLEES ___________________ Meredith Fuchs National Security Archive George Washington University 2130 H St. NW, Suite 701 Washington, D.C. 20037 202-994-7000 Marcia Hofmann Electronic Frontier Foundation 454 Shotwell Street San Francisco, CA 94110 415-436-9333 CORPORATE DISCLOSURE STATEMENT In accordance with Fed. R. App. P. 26.1, amicus curiae the National Security Archive discloses that it is a project of the National Security Archive Fund, Inc. The National Security Archive Fund, Inc. is a not-for- profit corporation established under the laws of the District of Columbia. The National Security Archive Fund, Inc. has no parent corporation and no stock, thus no publicly held corporation owns ten percent or more of its stock. The Archive identifies that its general nature and purpose is to promote research and public education on U.S. governmental and national security decisionmaking and to promote and encourage openness in government and government accountability. -
The Adventures of a Vagabond German Shepherd Dog. a VERY
the adventures of a vagabond German COLORFUL WORLD OF MUSIC, children, THE WONDER OF BIRDS, documentary, shepherd dog. five minutes, 65 programs, color/film, 5 minutes, 65 programs, color/film, sold in 23 markets. The Podrecca sold in 12 markets. A study of birds Marionettes interpret songs and filmed around the world. sections of music from famous composers. A VERY SPECIAL OCCASION, musical, 60 minutes, 12 programs, color/film. WCTU-TV Charlotte, N.C. This is a joint venture of Corinthian, General Electric, WGN Continental, EXERCISE WITH GLORIA, fitness Golden West, Royal Street, Taft, Triangle program, 30 minutes, 130 programs, P. O. Box 12685 and Storer. Storer Programs distributes color/film, sold in 78 markets. Gloria Charlotte, N. C. 28205 the specials. Roeder and her six daughters instruct viewers how to stay slim and healthy. NATIONAL BANDSTAND, teen-age, 60 minutes, continuing programs, color/tape, sold or traded in no Taft Broadcasting markets. Teen-age dance show with THE JERRY BLAVAT SHOW, teen-age, Rusty Page as host featuring recording 60 minutes, 44 programs, color/tape, sold in 23 markets. Teen-age dance artists and groups and pantomimes. MATCHES 'N MATES, game show, 30 party with guest stars is hosted by the minutes, 130 programs (five weekly), hip-talking Jerry Blavat. color/tape, sold in 13 markets. Memory BRAND NEW OPRIE, musical, 60 game show pitting young couples with minutes, continuing programs, Art James as host. Produced by Taft color/tape, Sold or traded in no using facilities of Storer Broadcasting's OPERATION ALPHABET, educational, markets. Country music and comedy WJW-TV Cleveland and WAGA-TV 30 minutes, 190 programs, B&W/tape, program features Buddy Phieffer and Atlanta. -
VOTING RIGHTS and ECONOMICS in the AMERICAN SOUTH Gavin Wright Stanford University April 2016 [Preliminary: Do Not Quote]
0 VOTING RIGHTS AND ECONOMICS IN THE AMERICAN SOUTH Gavin Wright Stanford University April 2016 [Preliminary: Do not quote] 1 The Voting Rights Act of 1965 revolutionized black political participation in the American South. Black voter registration rates jumped almost overnight in targeted areas and were soon comparable to national norms. The rise in black elected officials was longer and slower in coming, requiring extensive litigation to overcome “vote dilution” tactics on the part of white politicians. Subsequently the number of black elected in the South continued to rise throughout the 1980s and 1990s, nearly doubling the non-South by the end of the century. Small wonder that the Act has been hailed as the most successful Civil Rights law in history.1 In Sharing the Prize, I showed that enhanced political participation was not just of moral and symbolic value but also contributed positively to the economic wellbeing of black southerners and the South as a whole. The most immediate gains were in municipalities and counties, where post-VRA surveys found more paved roads and street-lights in black residential areas, better access to city and county services, and increased black hires into public-sector jobs, including police and firemen. But advances were also observable at the state level, even though blacks were not close to a voting majority in any southern state. Economists Elizabeth Cascio and Ebonya Washington show that the VRA’s elimination of literacy tests in 1965 was systematically associated with greater increases in state transfers to counties with higher black population shares. The shift in state resource allocation was also associated with higher voter turnout but occurred well before any major black representation in state government. -
Gerald R. Ford Administration White House Press Releases
Digitized from Box 8 of the White House Press Releases at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library Office of the White House Press Secretary ----------------------------------------------------------------------- NOTICE TO THE PRESS INVITEES TO THE RECEPTION FOR BROADCAST EXECUTIVES THE BLUE ROOM Wednesday, March 12, 1975 Mr. John Murphy, President Avco Broadcasting Corporation Cincinnati, Ohio Mr. Arch L. Madsen, President Bonn~ville International Corporation Salt Lake City, Utah Mr. Thomas S. Murphy Board Chairman Capital Cities Communications, Inc. New York, New York Mr. C. Wrede Petersmeyer Chairman and President Corinthian Stations New York, New York Mr. Clifford M. Kirtland, Jr., President Cox Broadcasting Corporation Atlanta, Georgia Mr. Rei4 L. Shaw, President General Electric Broadcasting Company Schenectady, New York Mr. John T. Reynolds. President, Television Division Golden West Broadcaster Stations Los Angeles, California Mr•. Franklin C. Snyder Vice President, Broadcast Division Hearst Corporation Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (MORE) - 2 - Mr. Norman. E. Walt, President McGraw-Hill Broadcasting Company New York, New York Mr. Clem Weber Executive Vice President New York, New York Mr. E. R. Vadeboncoeur, President Newhouse Broadcasting Stations Syracuse, New York Mr. August C. Meyer, Sr. President Mr. August C. Meyer, Jr. Secretary-Treasurer Midwest Television, Inc. Champaign, Illinois Mr. T. Ballard Morton, President Orion Broadcasting Stations Louisville, Kentucky Mr. Joel Chaseman, President Pos t-Newsweek Stations Washington, D. C. Mr. Frank Shakespeare, President RKO General, Inc. New York, New York Mr. Marshall Berkman, President Rust Craft Broadcasting Company Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Mr. Peter B. Storer, President Storer Broadcasting Company Miami Beach, Florida Mr. Charles S. Mecham, Jr. Board Chairman Taft Broadcasting Cincinnati, Ohio (MORE) - 3 - Mr. -
The George-Anne Student Media
Georgia Southern University Digital Commons@Georgia Southern The George-Anne Student Media 10-25-1994 The George-Anne Georgia Southern University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/george-anne Part of the Higher Education Commons Recommended Citation Georgia Southern University, "The George-Anne" (1994). The George-Anne. 1331. https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/george-anne/1331 This newspaper is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Media at Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. It has been accepted for inclusion in The George-Anne by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. For more information, please contact [email protected]. In politics > Sweep ' I In the spotlight Letter writers ask students to support Melissa Burnette led cross country ^*. Another faculty recital will be held politicians in the Nov. 8 election Lady Eagles to victory Saturday \^T^ Thursday in the Foy Building Please see "YourOpinion,"page 5 Please see story, page 7 Please see story, page 8 m EAGLELINE The BLUE EDITION Tuesday, October 25,1994 Vol. 67, No. 28 Georgia State wins grant for high-tech telescopes Trie Associated Press Old friends take home the honors ATLANTA — The National Science Foundation will go halves on Georgia State University's $ 11 million telescope Dickerson named first Homecoming King Whitaker captures title of Queen array which will give scientists their clearest view ever of cur nearer neigh- bors. The foundation will pay $5.5 million. The university will raise the rest for the project, expected to be built in the south- western United States. The array will consist at first of five 39-inch telescopes arranged in a Y- shape. -
The Economic Cost of the Military Industrial Complex
The Economic Cost of the Military Industrial Complex By James Quinn "Every gun that is made, every warship launched, every rocket fired signifies, in the final sense, a theft from those who hunger and are not fed, those who are cold and not clothed. This world in arms is not spending money alone. It is spending the sweat of its laborers, the genius of its scientists, the hope of its children." These must be the words of some liberal Democratic Senator running for President in 2008. But no, these are the words of Republican President Dwight D. Eisenhower, the Supreme Allied Commander during World War II, five decades ago. The United States, the only superpower remaining on earth, currently spends more on military than the next 45 highest spending countries in the world combined. The U.S. accounts for 48% of the world’s total military spending. Where did the peace dividend from winning the Cold War go? (click to enlarge images) The United States spends on its military 5.8 times more than China, 10.2 times more than Russia, and 98.6 times more than Iran. The Cold War has been over for 20 years, but we are spending like World War III is on the near term horizon. There is no country on earth that can challenge the U.S. militarily. So, why are we spending like we are preparing for a major conflict? The impression on the rest of the world is that we have aggressive intentions. The administration is posturing like Iran is a threat to our security. -
Ford, SACEUR Alexander M. Haig, Donald Rumsfeld
File scanned from the National Security Adviser's Memoranda of Conversation Collection at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library I NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND RECORDS ADMINISTRATION Presidential Libraries Withdrawal Sheet WITHDRAWAL ID 010807 REASON FOR WITHDRAWAL National security restriction TYPE OF MATERIAL • Memorandum of Conversation CREATOR'S NAME. · Ford/Haig/Rumsfeld/Scowcroft CREATION DATE · 03/27/1975 VOLUME • • . 5 pages COLLECTION/SERIES/FOLDER ID • 036600109 COLLECTION TITLE • • . • NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISER. MEORANDA OF CONVERSATIONS BOX NUMBER •. • 10 FOLDER TITLE • . • March 27, 1975 - Ford, SACEUR Alexander Haig, Donald Rumsfeld DATE WITHDRAWN • • • • . • 02/01/2000 WITHDRAWING ARCHIVIST • • • • LET ~ '+/~/()S q Is /10 MEMORANDUM THE WHITE HOUSE DECLASSIFIED wI portIon....mptM WASHINGTON f.O. 12958 (as amended) see!u ~T /NODJS/XGDS MR # /.." -II"; "1'" P1IIG I{.w 'i1.5/Jo,' osl> J.Ad/ni! 'fj ~~q~ .~ Date IO/!;J.UP.."" MEMORANDUM OF CONVERSATION PARTICIPANTS: President Ford General Alexander M. Haig, Supreme Allied Commander, Europe Amb. Donald Rumsfeld, Assistant to the President Lt. General Brent Scowcroft, Deputy Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs DATE AND TIME: March 27, 1975 5:15 p.m. PLACE: The Oval Office The White House [Photographers were admitted briefly and then dismissed] President: Why don't you fill us in? Haig: I have good news and bad news. The good news is that the United States forces have really turned around. They still need a little more training but things are very good. The Allies are better, too, except for Canada. The Dutch service is doing a lot of breast beating, but the British and the Danes are up five percent. -
Extensions of Remarks Section
November 12, 2014 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E1509 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS HONORING MAYOR MARIAN serve so unassumingly and carry on the fine IN MEMORY OF DEPUTY DANNY DELEON GUERRERO TUDELA tradition not only of her predecessor but of the OLIVER mayors of all our islands should serve as an HON. GREGORIO KILILI CAMACHO inspiration for women, but more, should serve HON. TOM McCLINTOCK as a model for all people who aspire to serve OF CALIFORNIA SABLAN their communities. OF THE NORTHERN MARIANA ISLANDS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Wednesday, November 12, 2014 f Wednesday, November 12, 2014 Mr. MCCLINTOCK. Mr. Speaker, I rise today Mr. SABLAN. Mr. Speaker, June 8, 2014 A TRIBUTE TO BRIGADIER along with Representative AMI BERA, Rep- marked a pivotal moment in the history of the GENERAL JAMES DEREK HILL resentative DORIS MATSUI, and Representative Northern Mariana Islands, when Marian DOUG LAMALFA, in honor of the service and Deleon Guerrero Tudela was sworn in not only HON. TOM LATHAM sacrifice of Sacramento County, California, Sheriff Deputy Danny Oliver. as the first female mayor of Saipan, but the OF IOWA first female mayor of any of our municipalities. Danny Oliver grew up in the Del Paso IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mayor Tudela assumed this position by oper- Heights neighborhood of Sacramento, where ation of law upon the untimely death of Mayor Wednesday, November 12, 2014 he graduated from Grant High School. During his youth, Danny experienced parts of the Donald Glenn Flores. Though residing at the Mr. LATHAM. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to time in the mainland United States, she honor- community that he was determined to im- recognize the retirement of Brigadier General prove. -
Extensions of Remarks Hon. Donald Rumsfeld Hon. B
1146 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS January 16, 1969 H.R. 3977. A blll for the relief of Falesca H.R. 3988. A blll for the relief of Lucia By Mr. SIKES: Knight; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Tortorella; to the Committee on the Judi H.R. 4000. A bill for the relief of Do Sung H.R. 3978. A bill for the relief of Maria ciary. Deuk; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Pinazzi; to the Committee on the Judiciary, · By Mr. RHODES: By Mr. TIERNAN: By Mr. POLLOCK: H.R. 3989. A bill for the relief of Vladko H.R. 4001. A blll for the relief of Anna Elsa H.R. 3979. A bill to authorize the Secre Dimitrov Denev; to the Committee on the Bayer; to the Committee on the Judiciary. tary of the Interior to consider a petition Judiciary. H.R. 4002. A bill for the relief of Chu Yi for reinstatement of certain oil and gas By Mr. ROGERS of Florida (by re Chang; to the Committee on the Judiciary. leases; to the Committee on Interior and quest): H.R. 4003. A bill for the relief of Jose Marta Insular Affairs. H.R. 3990. A bill for the relief of Harvey Sousa Costa; to the Committee on the Ju By Mr. PURCELL: E. Ward; to the Committee on the Judiciary. diciary. H.R. 3980. A bill for the relief of Reuben By Mr. ROSENTHAL: H.R. 4004. A bill for the relief of Giovanni stein D. Landreth; to the Committee on the H.R. 3991. A bill for the relief of Ben Zion Finocchiaro; to the Committee on the Ju Judiciary.