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Marine Archaeology Technical Report Hornsea Project Three Offshore Wind Farm Hornsea Project Three Offshore Wind Farm Preliminary Environmental Information Report: Annex 9.1 – Marine Archaeology Technical Report Date: July 2017 Annex 9.1 – Marine Archaeology Technical Report Preliminary Environmental Information Report July 2017 Environmental Impact Assessment Preliminary Environmental Information Report Liability Volume 5 This report has been prepared by RPS, with all reasonable skill, care and diligence within the terms of their contracts with DONG Energy Power (UK) Ltd. Annex 9.1 – Marine Archaeology Technical Report Report Number: P6.5.9.1 Version: Final Date: July 2017 This report is also downloadable from the Hornsea Project Three offshore wind farm website at: www.dongenergy.co.uk/hornseaproject3 DONG Energy Power (UK) Ltd. 5 Howick Place, Prepared by: RPS London, SW1P 1WG Checked by: Julian Carolan and Kieran Bell © DONG Energy Power (UK) Ltd, 2017. All rights reserved Accepted by: Julian Carolan Front cover picture: Kite surfer near one of DONG Energy's UK offshore wind farms © DONG Energy Hornsea Approved by: Sophie Banham Project Three (UK) Ltd., 2016. i Annex 9.1 – Marine Archaeology Technical Report Preliminary Environmental Information Report July 2017 Table of Contents List of Figures 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................... 1 Figure 2.1: Location of Hornsea Three (the marine archaeology study area), the former Hornsea Zone and the 1.1 Project background ...................................................................................................................................... 1 regional marine archaeology study area. .............................................................................................. 3 1.2 Aims and objectives ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Figure 3.1: Landscape features identified in geophysical survey data from North Seas Palaeolandscapes Project 2. Methodology ........................................................................................................................................................ 2 (NSPP). .............................................................................................................................................. 11 2.1 Marine archaeology study area ................................................................................................................... 2 Figure 3.2: Landscape features identified in NSPP geophysical survey and geotechnical data. .......................... 13 Figure 3.3: The positions of SeaZone and NRHE records within and adjacent to Hornsea Three. ...................... 22 2.2 Relevant legislation and guidance ............................................................................................................... 2 Figure 3.4: The positions of archaeological contacts and magnetic anomalies within Hornsea Three. ................ 24 2.3 Methodology for defining the baseline environment ..................................................................................... 4 Figure 3.5: Weybourne Hope shingle ridge beach, with low cliffs in the background. .......................................... 27 3. Results ................................................................................................................................................................. 7 Figure 3.6: Eroding cliffs and steep shingle beach at the landfall. ........................................................................ 28 3.1 Seafloor topography .................................................................................................................................... 7 Figure 3.7: Location of the Hornsea Three landfall area walkover and borehole surveys..................................... 29 3.2 Submerged prehistoric archaeology ............................................................................................................ 8 3.3 Maritime archaeology ................................................................................................................................ 14 3.4 Aviation archaeology ................................................................................................................................. 19 3.5 Designated, known and recorded wrecks .................................................................................................. 20 3.6 Hornsea Three geophysical survey ........................................................................................................... 23 3.7 Hornsea Three landfall area ...................................................................................................................... 27 4. Conclusions ....................................................................................................................................................... 30 4.1 Prehistoric archaeological potential ........................................................................................................... 30 4.2 Maritime and aviation archaeological characterisation and site preservation potential .............................. 30 5. References ........................................................................................................................................................ 31 Appendix A UKHO data, derived from SeaZone, within the Hornsea Three Marine Archaeology Study Area ...... 35 Appendix B Gazetteer of Potential Archaeological Anomalies .............................................................................. 37 Appendix C Wreck Sheets: High Potential Archaeological Anomalies .................................................................. 50 Appendix D Information Sheets: Medium Potential Archaeological Anomalies ..................................................... 54 Appendix E Gazetteer of Magnetic Anomalies ...................................................................................................... 65 List of Tables Table 2.1: Criteria for archaeological potential. ..................................................................................................... 6 Table 2.2: Proposed Further Surveys. ................................................................................................................... 6 Table 3.1: Prehistoric timeline summary................................................................................................................ 8 Table 3.2: Selected German aircraft losses of Norfolk during the Second World War. ........................................ 20 Table 3.3: Distribution of anomalies by archaeological potential. ........................................................................ 23 ii Annex 9.1 – Marine Archaeology Technical Report Preliminary Environmental Information Report July 2017 Glossary Acronym Description Term Definition KP Kilometre Post LAT Lowest Astronomical Tide Acheulian Palaeolithic period stone tools characterised by distinctive oval and pear-shaped hand axes. An archaeological dating convention– the present assumed in this report to be 1950 (i.e. based on uncalibrated MBES Multibeam Echo Sounder Before Present (BP) radiocarbon dates). MOD Ministry of Defence Formerly a positioning system which allowed ships and aircraft to determine their position by receiving radio Decca System NL Named Location signals from fixed navigational beacons. Used in sidescan sonar meaning ‘fill with sound’ – the seabed is flooded with an acoustic source and the NPS National Policy Statement Ensonify intensity of the returning sound waves measured NSPP North Sea Palaeolandscapes Project Heritage Historic or cultural associations. PEIR Preliminary Environmental Information Report Those elements of the historic environment that hold value to this and future generations because of their REC Humber Regional Environmental Characterisation Heritage asset historic, archaeological, architectural or artistic interest are called ”heritage assets”. A heritage asset may be any building, monument, site, place, area or landscape, or any combination of these (DECC, 2011). RNAS Royal Naval Air Service Historic England The Historic Buildings and Monuments Commission for England. RCZAS Norfolk Rapid Coastal Zone Assessment Survey Palaeollithic stone axe manufacturing technique/type named after 19th century finds of tools in the Parisian Levallois ROV Remotely Operated Vehicle suburbs SAM Scheduled Ancient Monument The physical remains of boats and ships that have been wrecked, sunk or have foundered, and may also be Maritime archaeology those artefacts which rest upon the seabed as the result of being jettisoned or lost overboard (for example, SBP Sub Bottom Profiler anchors, cannon or fishing gear). SSS Sidescan Sonar Mousterian Style of flints tools associated mostly with Neaderthals. UK United Kingdom In the British Isles the period from the earliest hominin occupation more than 780,000 years Before Present (BP) Prehistoric archaeology to the time of the Roman invasion of Britain in 43 AD. USBL Ultra-Short Base Line A technique used in offshore geotechnical surveys to recover cores generally up to 6 m deep when sampling UXO Unexploded Ordnance Vibrocore soft seafloor sediments. Acronyms Units Unit Description Acronym Description m Metre AOD Above Ordnance Datum nm Nautical Mile BP Before Present nT Nanotesla C14 Carbon
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