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History, External Influence and Political Volatility in the Central African Republic (CAR)
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Journal for the Advancement of Developing Economies Economics Department 2014 History, External Influence and oliticalP Volatility in the Central African Republic (CAR) Henry Kam Kah University of Buea, Cameroon Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/jade Part of the Econometrics Commons, Growth and Development Commons, International Economics Commons, Political Economy Commons, Public Economics Commons, and the Regional Economics Commons Kam Kah, Henry, "History, External Influence and oliticalP Volatility in the Central African Republic (CAR)" (2014). Journal for the Advancement of Developing Economies. 5. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/jade/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Economics Department at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal for the Advancement of Developing Economies by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Journal for the Advancement of Developing Economies 2014 Volume 3 Issue 1 ISSN:2161-8216 History, External Influence and Political Volatility in the Central African Republic (CAR) Henry Kam Kah University of Buea, Cameroon ABSTRACT This paper examines the complex involvement of neighbors and other states in the leadership or political crisis in the CAR through a content analysis. It further discusses the repercussions of this on the unity and leadership of the country. The CAR has, for a long time, been embroiled in a crisis that has impeded the unity of the country. It is a failed state in Africa to say the least, and the involvement of neighboring and other states in the crisis in one way or the other has compounded the multifarious problems of this country. -
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC, YEAR 2019: Update on Incidents According to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) Compiled by ACCORD, 23 June 2020
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC, YEAR 2019: Update on incidents according to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) compiled by ACCORD, 23 June 2020 Number of reported incidents with at least one fatality Number of reported fatalities National borders: GADM, November 2015b; administrative divisions: GADM, November 2015a; Abyei Area: SSNBS, 1 December 2008; South Sudan/Sudan border status: UN Cartographic Section, October 2011; incident data: ACLED, 20 June 2020; coastlines and inland waters: Smith and Wessel, 1 May 2015 CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC, YEAR 2019: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 23 JUNE 2020 Contents Conflict incidents by category Number of Number of reported fatalities 1 Number of Number of Category incidents with at incidents fatalities Number of reported incidents with at least one fatality 1 least one fatality Violence against civilians 104 57 286 Conflict incidents by category 2 Strategic developments 71 0 0 Development of conflict incidents from 2010 to 2019 2 Battles 68 40 280 Protests 35 0 0 Methodology 3 Riots 19 4 4 Conflict incidents per province 4 Explosions / Remote 2 2 3 violence Localization of conflict incidents 4 Total 299 103 573 Disclaimer 6 This table is based on data from ACLED (datasets used: ACLED, 20 June 2020). Development of conflict incidents from 2010 to 2019 This graph is based on data from ACLED (datasets used: ACLED, 20 June 2020). 2 CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC, YEAR 2019: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 23 JUNE 2020 Methodology on what level of detail is reported. -
MINUSCA T a Ou M L B U a a O L H R a R S H Birao E a L April 2016 R B Al Fifi 'A 10 H R 10 ° a a ° B B C H a VAKAGA R I CHAD
14° 16° 18° 20° 22° 24° 26° ZAMBIA Am Timan é Aoukal SUDAN MINUSCA t a ou m l B u a a O l h a r r S h Birao e a l April 2016 r B Al Fifi 'A 10 h r 10 ° a a ° B b C h a VAKAGA r i CHAD Sarh Garba The boundaries and names shown ouk ahr A Ouanda and the designations used on this B Djallé map do not imply official endorsement Doba HQ Sector Center or acceptance by the United Nations. CENTRAL AFRICAN Sam Ouandja Ndélé K REPUBLIC Maïkouma PAKISTAN o t t SOUTH BAMINGUI HQ Sector East o BANGORAN 8 BANGLADESH Kaouadja 8° ° SUDAN Goré i MOROCCO u a g n i n i Kabo n BANGLADESH i V i u HAUTE-KOTTO b b g BENIN i Markounda i Bamingui n r r i Sector G Batangafo G PAKISTAN m Paoua a CAMBODIA HQ Sector West B EAST CAMEROON Kaga Bandoro Yangalia RWANDA CENTRAL AFRICAN BANGLADESH m a NANA Mbrès h OUAKA REPUBLIC OUHAM u GRÉBIZI HAUT- O ka Bria Yalinga Bossangoa o NIGER -PENDÉ a k MBOMOU Bouca u n Dékoa MAURITANIA i O h Bozoum C FPU CAMEROON 1 OUHAM Ippy i 6 BURUNDI Sector r Djéma 6 ° a ° Bambari b ra Bouar CENTER M Ouar Baoro Sector Sibut Baboua Grimari Bakouma NANA-MAMBÉRÉ KÉMO- BASSE MBOMOU M WEST Obo a Yaloke KOTTO m Bossembélé GRIBINGUI M b angúi bo er ub FPU BURUNDI 1 mo e OMBELLA-MPOKOYaloke Zémio u O Rafaï Boali Kouango Carnot L Bangassou o FPU BURUNDI 2 MAMBÉRÉ b a y -KADEI CONGO e Bangui Boda FPU CAMEROON 2 Berberati Ouango JTB Joint Task Force Bangui LOBAYE i Gamboula FORCE HQ FPU CONGO Miltary Observer Position 4 Kade HQ EGYPT 4° ° Mbaïki Uele National Capital SANGHA Bondo Mongoumba JTB INDONESIA FPU MAURITANIA Préfecture Capital Yokadouma Tomori Nola Town, Village DEMOCRATICDEMOCRATIC Major Airport MBAÉRÉ UNPOL PAKISTAN PSU RWANDA REPUBLICREPUBLIC International Boundary Salo i Titule g Undetermined Boundary* CONGO n EGYPT PERU OFOF THE THE CONGO CONGO a FPU RWANDA 1 a Préfecture Boundary h b g CAMEROON U Buta n GABON SENEGAL a gala FPU RWANDA 2 S n o M * Final boundary between the Republic RWANDA SERBIA Bumba of the Sudan and the Republic of South 0 50 100 150 200 250 km FPU SENEGAL Sudan has not yet been determined. -
CMP Juin 2020 STATISTIQUES DETAILLEES DES SITES Pdis EN
Legende CMP Juin 2020 Type-site: En hausse Update S= site Stable STATISTIQUES DETAILLEES DES SITES PDIs EN RCA L= Lieu de Regroupement En baisse No Update Differe # Préfecture Sous-Préfecture Commune Localité Site Type-site 31.05.2020 30.06.2020 Evolution Date Update Update Commentaires Sources de Donnees nce 1 Haut-Mbomou Zemio Zemio Zemio Site D L 2771 2853 3% juin-20 Profilage DTM IOM 205 PDIs venant de l'axe Bambouti suite aux exactions des 2 Haut-Mbomou Obo Obo Obo Gougbere S 2410 2410 0% Novembre 2019 ASA elements armes assimiles a l'UPC 3 Haut-Mbomou Obo Obo Obo Ligoua S 1180 1180 0% Juin 2019 COOPI 4 Haut-Mbomou Obo Obo Obo Nguilinguili S 455 455 0% Juin 2019 COOPI 5 Haut-Mbomou Obo Obo Obo Zemio S 693 693 0% Mars 2020 Profilage DTM IOM 6 Haut-Mbomou Obo Obo Mboki Mboki S 1579 2889 83% juin-20 Des PDIs venus de Obo entre Mai et juin Mission InterAgence 7 Haut-Mbomou Obo Obo Obo Catolique L 300 400 33% juin-20 Informateur clef le Prete de l'Eglise Catholique CCCM 8 Haut-Mbomou Djemah Djemah Kadjima A1 L 610 610 0% Mars 2020 Profilage DTM IOM 9 Haut-Mbomou Djemah Djemah Kadjima A2 L 625 625 0% Mars 2020 Profilage DTM IOM 10 Haut-Mbomou Djemah Djemah Kadjima B1 L 640 640 0% Mars 2020 Profilage DTM IOM 11 Haut-Mbomou Djemah Djemah Kadjima B2 L 675 675 0% Mars 2020 Profilage DTM IOM 12 Haut-Mbomou Djemah Djemah Kadjima C1 L 1085 1085 0% Mars 2020 Profilage DTM IOM Site catholique Petit ASA-Profilage 13 Mbomou Bangassou Bangassou Bangassou S 2012 2052 2% juin-20 ASA Seminaire 14 Mbomou Rafaï Rafaï AIM Site Aim S 185 185 0% Mai 2020 -
Central African Republic
BTI 2020 Country Report Central African Republic This report is part of the Bertelsmann Stiftung’s Transformation Index (BTI) 2020. It covers the period from February 1, 2017 to January 31, 2019. The BTI assesses the transformation toward democracy and a market economy as well as the quality of governance in 137 countries. More on the BTI at https://www.bti-project.org. Please cite as follows: Bertelsmann Stiftung, BTI 2020 Country Report — Central African Republic. Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung, 2020. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Contact Bertelsmann Stiftung Carl-Bertelsmann-Strasse 256 33111 Gütersloh Germany Sabine Donner Phone +49 5241 81 81501 [email protected] Hauke Hartmann Phone +49 5241 81 81389 [email protected] Robert Schwarz Phone +49 5241 81 81402 [email protected] Sabine Steinkamp Phone +49 5241 81 81507 [email protected] BTI 2020 | Central African Republic 3 Key Indicators Population M 4.7 HDI 0.381 GDP p.c., PPP $ 872 Pop. growth1 % p.a. 1.5 HDI rank of 189 188 Gini Index 56.2 Life expectancy years 52.2 UN Education Index 0.353 Poverty3 % 83.1 Urban population % 41.4 Gender inequality2 0.682 Aid per capita $ 110.5 Sources (as of December 2019): The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2019 | UNDP, Human Development Report 2019. Footnotes: (1) Average annual growth rate. (2) Gender Inequality Index (GII). (3) Percentage of population living on less than $3.20 a day at 2011 international prices. Executive Summary During the period under review, ending in January 2019, the Central African Republic was governed by a president elected by fair and transparent elections held in March 2016. -
Security Sector Reform in the Central African Republic
Security Sector Reform in the Central African Republic: Challenges and Priorities High-level dialogue on building support for key SSR priorities in the Central African Republic, 21-22 June 2016 Cover Photo: High-level dialogue on SSR in the CAR at the United Nations headquarters on 21 June 2016. Panellists in the center of the photograph from left to right: Adedeji Ebo, Chief, SSRU/OROLSI/DPKO; Jean Willybiro-Sako, Special Minister-Counsellor to the President of the Central African Republic for DDR/SSR and National Reconciliation; Miroslav Lajčák, Minister of Foreign and European Affairs of the Slovak Republic; Joseph Yakété, Minister of Defence of Central African Republic; Mr. Parfait Onanga-Anyanga, Special Representative of the Secretary-General for the Central African Republic and Head of MINUSCA. Photo: Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs of the Slovak Republic The report was produced by the Security Sector Reform Unit, Office of Rule of Law and Security Institutions, Department of Peacekeeping Operations, United Nations. © United Nations Security Sector Reform Unit, 2016 Map of the Central African Republic 14° 16° 18° 20° 22° 24° 26° AmAm Timan Timan The boundaries and names shown and the designations é oukal used on this map do not implay official endorsement or CENTRAL AFRICAN A acceptance by the United Nations. t a SUDAN lou REPUBLIC m u B a a l O h a r r S h Birao e a l r B Al Fifi 'A 10 10 h r ° a a ° B b C h a VAKAGA r i CHAD Sarh k Garba Sarh Bahr Aou CENTRAL Ouanda AFRICAN Djallé REPUBLIC Doba BAMINGUI-BANGORAN Sam -
Inter-Agency Mission to Birao (CAR), 12 to 23 January 2007
Inter-Agency Mission to Birao (CAR), 12 to 23 January 2007 Inter-agency Mission to Birao (CAR) 16 to 23 January 2007 1. This preliminary short report will cover the first leg of this mission, which left Bangui on 16 January and arrived in Birao on 23 January. A second leg covers the return from Birao to Bangui and is still ongoing. The list of the participating Agencies to the first leg included BONUCA (Human Rights Section), FAO (Food security), HCR (Protection), UNFPA (SGBV), WHO (Health) and were accompanied by DSS, IRIN and OCHA, which organized and led the mission. Although several sectors were represented, the mission paid specific attention to protection issues in order to develop a stronger strategy in this specific sector. A sectoral report will be produced by each participating agency. This report was prepared by an OCHA staff member on mission to CAR. I Route of the mission 2. The following route was used: Bangui, Sibut, Kaga Bandoro (day 1), Ouandago and return to Kaga Bandoro (day 2), Ndele (day 3), Gunda (day 4), Gordil (day 5), Tiringula, Boromata (day 6) and Birao (day 7). The itinerary crossed areas beyond the control of the government and required specific contacts to ensure the safety of the members of the mission. Local authorities were kept fully informed of our movement (Ordre de mission signed by Gendarmerie) and even advised the mission on the most suitable routes for vehicles in areas they no longer controlled. OCHA Central African Republic 1 Inter-Agency Mission to Birao (CAR), 12 to 23 January 2007 II Objectives of the inter-agency mission 3. -
Central African Republic
Central African Republic 14 December 2013 Prepared by OCHA on behalf of the Humanitarian Country Team PERIOD: SUMMARY 1 January – 31 December 2014 Strategic objectives 100% 1. Provide integrated life-saving assistance to people in need as a result of the continuing political and security crisis, particularly IDPs and their 4.6 million host communities. total population 2. Reinforce the protection of civilians, including of their fundamental human rights, in particular as it relates to women and children. 48% of total population 3. Rebuild affected communities‘ resilience to withstand shocks and 2.2 million address inter-religious and inter-community conflicts. estimated number of people in Priority actions need of humanitarian aid Rapidly scale up humanitarian response capacity, including through 43% of total population enhanced security management and strengthened common services 2.0 million (logistics including United Nations Humanitarian Air Service, and telecoms). people targeted for humanitarian Based on improved monitoring and assessment, cover basic, life- aid in this plan saving needs (food, water, hygiene and sanitation / WASH, health, nutrition and shelter/non-food items) of internally displaced people and Key categories of people in their host communities and respond rapidly to any new emergencies. need: Ensure availability of basic drugs and supplies at all clinics and internally 533,000 hospitals and rehabilitate those that have been destroyed or looted. 0.6 displaced Rapidly increase vaccine coverage, now insufficient, and ensure adequate million management of all cases of severe acute malnutrition. displaced 20,336 refugees Strengthen protection activities and the protection monitoring system 1.6 and facilitate engagement of community organizations in conflict resolution million and community reconciliation initiatives. -
68,200 >2.3 Million 1.1 Million
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC - COMPLEX EMERGENCY FACT SHEET #1, FISCAL YEAR (FY) 2014 DECEMBER 6, 2013 NUMBERS AT USAID/OFDA 1 F U N D I N G HIGHLIGHTS A GLANCE BY SECTOR IN FY 2013 & FY 2014 The Central African Republic (CAR) IDP population has greatly increased 395,000 8% 2013 CAR Consolidated Appeal (CAP) is 44 percent funded Total Internally Displaced 11% 25% Persons (IDPs) in CAR Volatile security conditions pose significant constraints to humanitarian U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) – 12% access across CAR September 2013 17% HUMANITARIAN FUNDING TO CAR IN FY 2013 AND FY 2014 68,200 12% 15% USAID/OFDA $8,403,497 New Refugees from CAR 2 in Neighboring Countries USAID/FFP $8,831,500 since December 2012 Health (25%) State/PRM3 $7,402,000 Logistics & Relief Commodities (17%) Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees Protection (15%) (UNHCR) – November 2013 Economic Recovery & Market Systems (12%) $24,636,997 Nutrition (12%) TOTAL USAID AND STATE Agriculture & Food Security (11%) ASSISTANCE TO CAR >2.3 Other (8%) million KEY DEVELOPMENTS Children Affected by the Ongoing Crisis Recent clashes among ex-Séléka coalition fighters, other armed groups, and former U.N. Children’s Fund (UNICEF) – government forces have further aggravated insecurity in CAR and generated acute September 2013 humanitarian needs. On December 5 and 6, violence in CAR’s capital city of Bangui and Ouham Prefecture’s Bossangoa town resulted in casualties, population displacement, and 1.1 destruction of property. From October 17 to 19, senior representatives from U.N. -
Mapping Conflict Motives: Central African Republic Steven Spittaels & Filip Hilgert
Mapping Conflict Motives: Central African Republic Steven Spittaels & Filip Hilgert 1 Research and editing: Steven Spittaels & Filip Hilgert Layout: Anne Hullebroeck Antwerp 17 February 2009 Caption photo Front Page: Bush fire preceding the trek of transhumant cowherds. The fires herald the beginning of the dry season and the resumption of bandit attacks (IPIS 2008) Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank all their interviewees. The authors would like to thank the following organisations for their input: HDPT CAR, OCHA, UNHCR, BONUCA, UNDSS, LACCEG, ECOFAC, FNEC, PARPAF, BECDOR, DPER and JUPEDEC The authors would like to thank the following organisations for their logistic support: OCHA, WFP, Triangle GH, IMC, DRC, the Episcopate of Kaga-Bandoro, Merlin, CAM, and the EU “This project is funded by the European Union. The content of this project is the sole responsibil- ity of IPIS and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union.” 2 Summary Compared to its notorious neighbours to the north, east and south, the Central African Republic is an unknown country with few inhabitants. Nevertheless, its population has been suffering from violence for a long time. Not many areas in the Central African Republic are really secure. Although the country is scarcely populated, it is tormented by a multitude of armed actors. These belligerents use their weapons for a diversity of reasons but they have one thing in common: each of them would be a weak opponent for any well-organised state, but then this is exactly what the country lacks. Firstly, there are three Central African rebel groups with armed men on the ground that exert authority in the areas under their control. -
MINUSCA.Pdf (PDF | 604.13
14° 16° 18° 20° 22° 24° 26° ZAMBIA Am Timan é Aoukal SUDAN t a CENTRAL m a lou MINUSCA l B AFRICAN u a REPUBLIC a O S h r r October 2018 r CHAD h Birao e h a l a B Al Fifi 'A 10 10° B ra ° b C h a VAKAGA r i The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this Sarh HQ Sector Center Garba map do not imply official endorsement r Aouk Garba Bah Ouanda or acceptance by the United Nations. PAKISTAN UNPOL Djallé Doba Sam Ouandja HQ Sector East BANGLADESH Ndélé K SOUTH Maïkouma o t i t BAMINGUI o RWANDA (BG) u g PAKISTAN BANGORAN SUDAN n 8 8° i Kaouadja ° b Goré i HAUTE-KOTTO CAMBODIA r na Kabo G FPU RWANDA 2 i Vi u HQ Sector West g Markounda Bamingui n PAKISTAN UNPOL UNPOL i CENTRAL AFRICAN m BANGLADESH Batangafo a B RWANDA Paoua REPUBLIC Sector CAMEROON Kaga Bandoro PERU OUHAM MAURITANIA m EAST SRI LANKA a NANA Mbrès -PENDÉ UNPOL h u NEPAL GRÉBIZI a HAUT- FPU CAMEROON 1 Bossangoa O k Yalinga UNPOL HAUT- a u MBOMOU Bouca Bria CONGO i Dékoa FPU o O UNPOL r k a MAURITANIA 2 Bozoum n FPU OUHAM Ippy i b BURUNDI Sector UNPOL h 6 M 6 ° C ° Djéma Bouar CENTER Bambari Bakouma Ouarra Baoro Sector Sibut UNPOL Baboua Grimari MBOMOU NANA-MAMBÉRÉ M WEST MOROCCO Obo a Yaloke KÉMO OUAKA m Bossembélé Mb be om re OMBELLA-MPOKOYaloke Kouango BASSE UNPOL Rafaï Zémio ou Carnot Boali KOTTO TANZANIA Bangassou L MAMBÉRÉ o b -KADEI a UNPOL y Bangui e Berberati Boda HQ FORCE HQ Ouango JTB Joint Task Force Bangui i LOBAYE BG Battle Group 4 Kade Gamboula 4 ° Mbaïki JTB EGYPT FPU EGYPT Uele Miltary Observer Position ° SANGHA Mongoumba Bondo National Capital UNPOL INDONESIA FPU JORDAN Yokadouma Tomori Nola DEMOCRATIC Préfecture Capital MBAÉRÉ Town, Village EGYPT PAKISTAN FPU MAURITANIA 1 REPUBLIC Major Airport Salo i Titule g International Boundary CONGO n OF THE CONGO a GABON SENEGAL PSU RWANDA a Undetermined Boundary* h b g Préfecture Boundary CAMEROON U Buta n RWANDA a galaSERBIA FPU RWANDA 1 S n o M * Final boundary between the Republic QRF PORTUGAL NEPAL SENEGAL Bumba of the Sudan and the Republic of South 0 50 100 150 200 250 km MP FPU Sudan has not yet been determined. -
Vakaga, Bamingui-Bangoran, Haute-Kotto
PA-X, Peace Agreement Access Tool (Translation © University of Edinburgh) www.peaceagreements.org RECONCILIATION PACT BETWEEN THE NORTH-EASTERN COMMUNITIES (VAKAGA, ΒΑΜΙΝGUI-ΒΑΝGΟRΑΝ, ΗΑUΤΕ-ΚΟΤΤΟ) PREAMBLE We, Representatives of the North-Eastern Communities (Vakaga, Bamingui-Bangoran, and Haute- Kotto), gathered in Bangui from November 9 to November 10, 2020, as part of the great Reconciliation Meeting, • Considering the recurrence of military-political crises in the Central African Republic; • Considering the multifaceted consequences of the 2012 crisis and its long-lasting effects, both on the functioning of public services and the populations; • Considering the recent violence between the various communities of the North-East, and the resulting material damage and loss of human life; • Considering that this violence has broken the secular bonds of cohabitation and cohesion between these different communities; • Aware that the persistence of this violence constitutes an obstacle to the reconstruction of the North-Eastern region; • Conscious of the importance of peace as an essential factor in development; • Considering the peace and reconciliation initiatives implemented by the Government, with the support of partners; Reaffirming the adherence of all communities to the Political Agreement for Peace and Reconciliation in the Central African Republic (APPR - RCA) • Considering the will of the different communities to move towards peace and reconciliation, shown through various pacts and documents signed between said communities, • Considering