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Estudio De Factibilidad De Exportación De Orquídeas Ecuatorianas Utilizando La Estrategia B2c”
UNIVERSIDAD DE GUAYAQUIL FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS ECONÓMICAS MAESTRÍA EN NEGOCIOS INTERNACIONALES CON MENCION EN COMERCIO EXTERIOR TESIS PRESENTADA PARA OPTAR EL GRADO DE MAGÍSTER EN NEGOCIOS INTERNACIONALES CON MENCIÓN EN COMERCIO EXTERIOR “ESTUDIO DE FACTIBILIDAD DE EXPORTACIÓN DE ORQUÍDEAS ECUATORIANAS UTILIZANDO LA ESTRATEGIA B2C” ELABORADOR POR: TANIA PALACIOS SARMIENTO TUTOR DE TESIS: ING. MARIO VASQUEZ J. GUAYAQUIL – ECUADOR DICIEMBRE - 2015 1 DERECHOS DE AUTORÍA POR MEDIO DE LA PRESENTE CERTIFICO QUE LOS CONTENIDOS DESARROLLADOS EN ESTA TESIS SON DE ABSOLUTA PROPIEDAD Y RESPONSABILIDAD DE TANIA PALACIOS S. CON C.C. No. 0917542672, CUYO TEMA ES: “ESTUDIO DE FACTIBILIDAD DE EXPORTACIÓN DE ORQUÍDEAS ECUATORIANAS UTILIZANDO LA ESTRATEGIA B2C” TANIA PALACIOS S. C.C. No. 0917542672 GUAYAQUIL, DICIEMBRE DE 2015. 2 CERTIFICACIÓN DEL TUTOR ING. COM. MARIO VASQUEZ JIMENEZ, TUTOR DE LA TESIS PARA GRADO DENOMINADA: “ESTUDIO DE FACTIBILIDAD DE EXPORTACIÓN DE ORQUÍDEAS ECUATORIANAS UTILIZANDO LA ESTRATEGIA B2C” COMO REQUISITO PARA OPTAR POR EL TÍTULO DE MAGISTER EN NEGOCIOS INTERNACIONALES POR LA EGRESADA: TANIA PALACIOS S. C.C. No. 0917542672 CERTIFICA QUE: SE HA DESARROLLADO, REVISADO Y APROBADO EN TODAS SUS PARTES, POR CONSIGUIENTE SE ENCUENTRA APTA PARA SU TRÁMITE DE SUSTENTACIÓN. ______________________________________ Ing. Com. Mario Vásquez Jiménez TUTOR DE TESIS 3 AGRADECIMIENTO TANIA PALACIOS Agradezco a mi amiga Viviana Medina, mi compañera y amiga de estudios del pregrado en la ESPOL, ya que gracias a su intensa insistencia y tortura diaria me ayudó a encender motores para terminar este gran reto; el mismo que ha sido a base de mucho sacrificio. Y también agradezco a mi Dios, ya que me ha concedido vida y gracias a su voluntad puedo terminar este sueño que creí no lograrlo. -
ORQUÍDEAS DE CUNDINAMARCA: CONSERVACIÓN Y APROVECHAMIENTO SOSTENIBLE Conservación Orquídeas De
ISBN: 978-958-5418-30-1 ISBN: ORQUÍDEAS DE CUNDINAMARCA CONSERVACIÓN Y APROVECHAMIENTO SOSTENIBLE : CONSERVACIÓN ORQUÍDEAS DE CUNDINAMARCA Y APROVECHAMIENTO SOSTENIBLE ORQUÍDEAS DE CUNDINAMARCA CONSERVACIÓN Y APROVECHAMIENTO SOSTENIBLE Citación de obra completa sugerida: Castellanos-Castro, C. y Torres-Morales, G. 2018. Orquídeas de Cundinamarca: conservación y aprovechamiento sostenible. Insti- tuto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Jardín Botánico de Bogotá ORQUÍDEAS DE “José Celestino Mutis”, Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria Corpoica, Gobernación de Cundinamarca. Bogotá CUNDINAMARCA D.C., Colombia. 328 p. Citación de capítulo sugerida: conservaciÓN Y Ibarra, J., Rincón-Useche, C., Rincón, A., Cely, N. y Rojas, C. 2018. Aprovechamiento comercial de orquídeas: Contexto socioeconó- APROVECHAMIENTO mico en San Antonio del Tequendama y Fusagasugá. En: Castellanos-Castro, C. y Torres-Morales, G. Orquídeas de Cundinamarca: SOSTENIBLE conservación y aprovechamiento sostenible (92 - 125 pp.) Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Hum- boldt, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Jardín Botánico de Bogotá “José Celestino Mutis”, Corporación Colombiana de Investiga- ción Agropecuaria Corpoica, Gobernación de Cundinamarca. Bogotá D.C., Colombia. SISTEMA GENERAL DE REGALÍAS Fondo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación GOBERNACIÓN DE CUNDINAMARCA Orquídeas de Cundinamarca: conservación y aprovechamiento sostenible / editado por Carolina Castellanos-Castro -
ORCHIDS Lincoln Park Conservatory and Gardens Docent Training March 14, 2020
ORCHIDS Lincoln Park Conservatory and Gardens Docent Training March 14, 2020 Contents Title Page 1. Essential Orchids 1 2. Essential Carnivorous Plants 4 3. Orchid Room Highlights 6 4. History of Orchids 8 5. Orchids and their Pollinators 11 6. Orchids 17 7. What are Bromeliads 21 8. Bromeliads 24 9. Epiphytic Cacti 25 10. Tropical Cacti 27 11. Carnivorous Plants 29 12. Carnivorous Plants 2 33 13. Ant Plants 35 14. Ant Plants 2 37 15. Vanilla Orchid 36 16. Goldfish vs. Koi 39 Reading assignments supplement each week’s lectures. Please read before the lecture. This page intentionally left blank Essential Orchids Orchids are one of the oldest and largest families in the plant kingdom with over 25,000 species worldwide. Through the millions of years of their existence, they developed complex relationships with their pollinators, animal communities, and environment in general. Today, orchids are now among the most widely grown and popular flowering potted plants in the world. With modern scientific cultivation, there are over 100,000 varieties of orchids and the number is increasing. However, in the wild populations are declining; many orchids are on the endangered lists, and almost all collecting of orchids is banned. What Makes an Orchid an Orchid? All orchids share three basic characteristics: ● Three sepals ● Three petals. In most orchids, one of these is highly modified and called a lip, or labellum. These are easy to see in most of the common orchids, and act as a landing pad for insect pollinators. ● A column. In most flowers the male (stamen) and female (pistil) reproductive structures are separate. -
The Orchid Flora of the Colombian Department of Valle Del Cauca Revista Mexicana De Biodiversidad, Vol
Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad ISSN: 1870-3453 [email protected] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México Kolanowska, Marta The orchid flora of the Colombian Department of Valle del Cauca Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, vol. 85, núm. 2, 2014, pp. 445-462 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Distrito Federal, México Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=42531364003 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 85: 445-462, 2014 Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 85: 445-462, 2014 DOI: 10.7550/rmb.32511 DOI: 10.7550/rmb.32511445 The orchid flora of the Colombian Department of Valle del Cauca La orquideoflora del departamento colombiano de Valle del Cauca Marta Kolanowska Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, University of Gdańsk. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland. [email protected] Abstract. The floristic, geographical and ecological analysis of the orchid flora of the department of Valle del Cauca are presented. The study area is located in the southwestern Colombia and it covers about 22 140 km2 of land across 4 physiographic units. All analysis are based on the fieldwork and on the revision of the herbarium material. A list of 572 orchid species occurring in the department of Valle del Cauca is presented. Two species, Arundina graminifolia and Vanilla planifolia, are non-native elements of the studied orchid flora. The greatest species diversity is observed in the montane regions of the study area, especially in wet montane forest. -
A New Phragmipedium (Orchidaceae) from Colombia
LANKESTERIANA 8(3): 89-92. 2008. A NEW PHRAGMIPEDIUM (ORCHIDACEAE) FROM COLOMBIA WESLEY E. HIGGINS1—3,5 & PAULA VIVEROS4 1Center for Tropical Plant Research and Conservation, Marie Selby Botanical Gardens 811 South Palm Avenue, Sarasota, FL 34236-7726 U.S.A. 2International Scientific Committee ofLankesteriana , Universidad de Costa Rica. 3Research Associate, Centro de Investigación en Orquídeas de los Andes “Ángel Andreetta” Universidad Alfredo Pérez Guerrero, Ecuador. 4School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32653, U.S.A. 5Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT. A new species from Colombia in Phragmipedium section Micropetalum is described: Phragmipedium manzurii. RESUMEN. Se describe una nueva especie de Phragmipedium sección Micropetalum para Colombia: Phragmipedium manzuri. KEY WORDS: Orchidaceae, Cypripedioideae, Phragmipedieae, Phragmipediinae, Phragmipedium, Micropetalum, Colombia, new species, taxonomy I ntroduction. In April 2008 David Manzur sent Taxonomic treatment photographs of a Phragmipedium for identification Phragmipedium manzurii W.E. Higgins & P. Viveros, to the Orchid Identification Center. The images sp. nov. appeared distinctive from Phragmipedium schlimii thus necessitating examination of the specimen by TYPE: Colombia. Santander: ex hort. D. A. Manzur. a taxonomist. Since Manzur was unable to send a June 2008, D.A. Manzur 1501 (holotype: FAUC). specimen due to governmental restrictions Paula FIG. 1—3. Viveros traveled to Colombia to examine the plant. Viveros examined eight specimens and confirmed Species haec Phragmipedium fischeri Braem & that they represented a new species. Mohr et P. schlimii (Linden & Rchb.f.) Rolfe similis, sed staminodio circulari breve emarginato viridiflavo David Manzur started collecting plants in differt, sepalis et petalisque subviridis, ellipticis; petalis Antioquia, Colombia, several years ago. -
Revista SCO 2016-1
Volumen XXXIII#1 - Junio 2016 / ISSN 0120 - 1433 Una hermosa nueva especie de Masdevallia: Cómo cultivar el género Anguloa ORQUIDEOLOGÍA E d itor: Juan Felipe Posada M. Publicación oficial de la Sociedad Colombiana Editor científico: de Orquideología desde 1966. Sebastián Vieira U. Cada volumen consta de dos números por año. La revista Editor general: acepta artículos originales y temas relacionados con orquí- Luis Eduardo Mejía D. deas en conservación, botánicos, ecología, afición, cultivo, preferiblemente de la América tropical. Los artículos cientí- Coordinador de contenido: ficos deben ser escritos en español e inglés y deben entre- Carlos A. Mesa L. garse con las reglas para esta publicación que se encuentran en la página web de la sociedad. Las opiniones expresadas Comité Editorial: en cada uno de los artículos son responsabilidad de su res- Gustavo A. Aguirre, pectivo autor. Ana Patricia Echeverri S., Cecilia I. Restrepo R., Azucena Vélez de M., Favor dirigir toda correspondencia: Francisco Villegas V. Juan Felipe Posada, Editor Revista Orquideología, Socie- Luis Alberto Wills T. dad Colombiana de Orquideología, Carrera 52 No. 73-298, Medellín, Colombia. Comité Asesor Científico: Fax: (57-4) 444-8374 opc.1. Günter Cerlach, Eric Hágsater, Correo electrónico: [email protected] Ana María Benavides D. Ph.D., Visite nuestra página web: www.sco.org.co Joel Tupac Otero Ph.D., Nhora Helena Ospina C, Diego Bogarín, Elsy Buitrago, Nicolás Peláez, Derechos reservados. Prohibida la reproducción total o par- Dr. Henry Oakeley, Felipe Andrés cial sin previa autorización de la Sociedad Colombiana de Gómez B., Adam Karremans Orquideología y de los autores de los artículos. -
Catalog2008 Missouri Botanical Garden Press
Missouri Botanical Garden Press catalog2008 Missouri Botanical Garden Press The mission of the Missouri Botanical Garden is to discover and share knowledge about plants and their environment, in order to preserve and enrich life. The Missouri Botanical Garden represents the botanical scholarship of the Research Division at the Missouri Botanical Garden in Saint Louis. Editorial responsibilities extend to the two peer-reviewed, quarterly journals Novon, A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature, and the Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. MBG Press produces and distributes other book-length titles and monographs, primarily in plant systematics and evolution. Fine art reproduction prints are also offered from the Library’s Rare Book collection. front cover image: Composite of Broad Prickly-toothed Buckler Fern and Hard Shield Fern, reprinted from the book The Ferns of Great Britain and Ireland, by Thomas Moore, 1855. Available from our Rare Book Print collection. See page 62 for order information. 2 Table of Contents New Titles......................................................................4–11 Full Title List....................................................................12-39 CD-ROMS............................................................17 Annals and Novon.......................................................40 Guide to Systematics Symposia........................41 Guide to the Flora of Panama Issues...............42-43 Monographs in Systematic Botany............................44-47 Orchids..........................................................................48-53 -
Miltoniopsis Vexillaria
1 Group Leader—Allan Watson [email protected] Group Editor—Alan Locke [email protected] 8 Grey Street, Kihikihi Te Awamutu 3800 Ph 078713721 Editor’s Ramble I have been growing orchids for over 30 years and right from the early days, I specialized in Odonoglossum which seem to do very well where I was on the farm. I also dabbled in Milto- niopsis, the first 4 came from Andy Easton’s Geyserland nursery. Although they flowered for me, I couldn’t maintain the night temperatures they needed and so they didn’t thrive and so eventually fell by the wayside. Since then the farm has been sold and we moved to Kihikihi six years ago where we constructed a fit for purpose Orchid house which is easier to heat using 2 office type heat pumps. At the Orchid Society’s Xmas raffle Cheryl got a couple of Miltoniopsis and they thrived in the new green house. So this lead to a search for more and now we have about 50 of them. At the beginning of this year Allan Watson started the NZ Miltoniopsis Facebook page which seem to meet a need and now already has about 90 followers. But it quickly became obvious that there was a group of keen growers that it didn’t reach and they are those who, for whatever reason, don’t, won’t or can’t use Facebook. So this Newsletter is to try and bridge the gap and bring more growers together. It will not replace the Facebook page but it will complement it. -
Network Scan Data
Selbyana 29(1): 69-86. 2008. THE ORCHID POLLINARIA COLLECTION AT LANKESTER BOTANICAL GARDEN, UNIVERSITY OF COSTA RICA FRANCO PUPULIN* Lankester Botanical Garden, University of Costa Rica. P.O. Box 1031-7050 Cartago, Costa Rica, CA Angel Andreetta Research Center on Andean Orchids, University Alfredo Perez Guerrero, Extension Gualaceo, Ecuador Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA, USA The Marie Selby Botanical Gardens, Sarasota, FL, USA Email: [email protected] ADAM KARREMANS Lankester Botanical Garden, University of Costa Rica. P.O. Box 1031-7050 Cartago, Costa Rica, CA Angel Andreetta Research Center on Andean Orchids, University Alfredo Perez Guerrero, Extension Gualaceo, Ecuador ABSTRACT. The relevance of pollinaria study in orchid systematics and reproductive biology is summa rized. The Orchid Pollinaria Collection and the associate database of Lankester Botanical Garden, University of Costa Rica, are presented. The collection includes 496 pollinaria, belonging to 312 species in 94 genera, with particular emphasis on Neotropical taxa of the tribe Cymbidieae (Epidendroideae). The associated database includes digital images of the pollinaria and is progressively made available to the general public through EPIDENDRA, the online taxonomic and nomenclatural database of Lankester Botanical Garden. Examples are given of the use of the pollinaria collection by researchers of the Center in a broad range of systematic applications. Key words: Orchid pollinaria, systematic botany, pollination biology, orchid pollinaria collection, -
Index Sorted by Title
Index sorted by Title Volume Issue Year Article Title Author Key Words 31 5 1967 12th Western Orchid Congress Jefferies, George Western Orchid Congress 31 5 1967 12th Western Orchid Congress — Photo Flashes Philpott, R. G. Western Orchid Congress 12th World Orchid Conference ... March 1987, 51 4 1987 Eilau, William World Orchid Conference, Tokyo Tokyo, Japan 13th World Orchid Conference, Auckland, New World Orchid Conference, New 54 2 1990 Eilau, William Zealand Zealand 14th World Orchid Conference, Glascow, 57 3 1993 Hetherington, Ernest World Orchid Conference, scotland Scotland, April 26-May 1, 1993, The 1992 Volume of the Orchid Digest is Dedicated 56 1 1992 in Memoriam to D. George Morel (1926-1973), Hetherington, Ernest history, George Morel The 58 4 1994 1994 Orchid Digest Research Grant Digest Staff 1994 orchid, research, grant 1995 Orchid Digest Dec Dedicated to Herb 59 1 1995 Digest Staff Dedication, Herb Hager Hager 72 2 2008 19th World Orchid Conference Hersch, Helen world orchid conference, 19th 2018 Paphiopedilum Guild and the Second 2018, paphiopedilum guild, second 82 2 2018 International World Slipper Orchid Conference Sorokowsky, David international world slipper orchid, Hilo, Hawaii conference 80 3 2016 22nd World Orchid Conference Pridgeon, Alec 22nd World Orchid Conference 84 4 2020 A Checklist of Phramipedium Species Cervera, Frank checklist, phragmipedium 84 3 2020 A New Color Forma for Vanda curvifolia Koopowitz, Harold vanda, curvifolia, new color form A New Species of Lepanthes (Orchidaceae: Larson, Bruno, Portilla, Jose, Medina 85 2 2021 new species, Lepanthes, Ecuador Pleurothallidinae) from South East Ecuador Hugo A New Species of Pleurothallopsis new species, pleurothallopsis, 82 1 2018 (Epidendreae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae): Matthews, Luke M. -
The Orchid Flora of the Colombian Department of Valle Del Cauca
Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 85: 445-462, 2014 Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 85: 445-462, 2014 DOI: 10.7550/rmb.32511 DOI: 10.7550/rmb.32511445 The orchid flora of the Colombian Department of Valle del Cauca La orquideoflora del departamento colombiano de Valle del Cauca Marta Kolanowska Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, University of Gdańsk. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland. [email protected] Abstract. The floristic, geographical and ecological analysis of the orchid flora of the department of Valle del Cauca are presented. The study area is located in the southwestern Colombia and it covers about 22 140 km2 of land across 4 physiographic units. All analysis are based on the fieldwork and on the revision of the herbarium material. A list of 572 orchid species occurring in the department of Valle del Cauca is presented. Two species, Arundina graminifolia and Vanilla planifolia, are non-native elements of the studied orchid flora. The greatest species diversity is observed in the montane regions of the study area, especially in wet montane forest. The department of Valle del Cauca is characterized by the high level of endemism and domination of the transitional elements within the studied flora. The main problems encountered during the research are discussed in the context of tropical floristic studies. Key words: biodiversity, ecology, distribution, Orchidaceae. Resumen. Se presentan los resultados de los estudios geográfico, ecológico y florístico de la orquideoflora del departamento colombiano del Valle del Cauca. El área de estudio está ubicada al suroccidente de Colombia y cubre aproximadamente 22 140 km2 de tierra a través de 4 unidades fisiográficas. -
Index Sorted by Title
Index sorted by Title Volume Issue Year Article Title Author Key Words 31 5 1967 12th Western Orchid Congress Jefferies, George Western Orchid Congress 31 5 1967 12th Western Orchid Congress — Photo Flashes Philpott, R. G. Western Orchid Congress 12th World Orchid Conference ... March 1987, 51 4 1987 Eilau, William World Orchid Conference, Tokyo Tokyo, Japan 13th World Orchid Conference, Auckland, New World Orchid Conference, New 54 2 1990 Eilau, William Zealand Zealand 14th World Orchid Conference, Glascow, 57 3 1993 Hetherington, Ernest World Orchid Conference, scotland Scotland, April 26-May 1, 1993, The 1992 Volume of the Orchid Digest is Dedicated 56 1 1992 in Memoriam to D. George Morel (1926-1973), Hetherington, Ernest history, George Morel The 58 4 1994 1994 Orchid Digest Research Grant Digest Staff 1994 orchid, research, grant 59 1 1995 1995 Orchid Digest Dec Dedicated to Herb Hager Digest Staff Dedication, Herb Hager 72 2 2008 19th World Orchid Conference Hersch, Helen world orchid conference, 19th 2018 Paphiopedilum Guild and the Second 2018, paphiopedilum guild, second 82 2 2018 International World Slipper Orchid Conference Sorokowsky, David international world slipper orchid, Hilo, Hawaii conference 80 3 2016 22nd World Orchid Conference Pridgeon, Alec 22nd World Orchid Conference 84 4 2020 A Checklist of Phramipedium Species Cervera, Frank checklist, phragmipedium 84 3 2020 A New Color Forma for Vanda curvifolia Koopowitz, Harold vanda, curvifolia, new color form A New Species of Pleurothallopsis (Epidendreae, new species, pleurothallopsis, 82 1 2018 Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae): Pleurothallopsis Matthews, Luke M. alphonsiana alphonsiana 82 3 2018 A Visit to Colombian Cattleyas Popper, Helmut H.