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Tourism in the 2030 Agenda Transforming Tourism Tourism in the 2030 Agenda

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Tourism in the 2030 Agenda Transforming Tourism Tourism in the 2030 Agenda TRANSFORMING TOURISM Tourism in the 2030 Agenda Transforming Tourism Tourism in the 2030 Agenda IMPRINT: Editors: alba sud, Spain arbeitskreis für tourismus & entwicklung, Switzerland Ecpat Deutschland e.V., Germany Fresh Eyes - People to People Travel cic, United Kingdom Kabani - the other direction, India kate e.V., Germany Naturefriends International, Austria Retour Foundation, the Netherlands Tourism Watch - Brot für die Welt, Germany Editorial Team: Ernest Canada (alba sud), Kathrin Karschat (Naturefriends International), Laura Jäger (Tourism Watch – Brot für die Welt), Christina Kamp, Frans de Man (Retour Foundation), Sumesh Mangalas- seri (Kabani), Mechtild Maurer (ECPAT Deutschland e.V.), Antje Monshausen (Tourism Watch – Brot für die Welt), Christine Plüss (arbeitskreis für tourismus & entwicklung), Andy Rutherford (Fresh Eyes), Carina Tremel (kate e.V.). Contributions characterized by name express the respective author’s individual opinion which may differ from the provider’s opinion. V. i. S. d. P. Mechtild Maurer ECPAT Deutschland e.V. Berlin, March 2017 Pictures: viventura GmbH, Joseph Prabath, Frank Schultze / Brot für die Welt, Jörg Böthling / Brot für die Welt, Christoph Püschner / Brot für die Welt, Marina Novelli, Christof Krackhardt / Brot für die Welt, Christof Krackhardt / Brot für die Welt, Ernest Canada, Thomas Lohnes / Brot für die Welt, Claudia Osthues, Christina Kamp, Thomas Lohnes / Brot für die Welt, Eke Eigelaar, Frans de Man, B. Jou- bert, National Geographic, „Rhino Release”, Nov 2015, EG5Q0348, Christof Krackhardt / Brot für die Welt, ECPAT International / Milutis Productions, Paul Jeffery / Brot für die Welt, Paul Hahn / Brot für die Welt. Transfroming Tourism Content INHALT ABOUT THE PROJECT "TRANSFORMING TOURISM" ..................................................................4 TOWARDS THE TRANSFORMATION OF TOURISM .....................................................................5 GOAL 1: END POVERTY ..................................................................................................10 By Christina Kamp and Sumesh Mangalasseri GOAL 2: ZERO HUNGER .................................................................................................. 16 By Ma Rosalie Abeto Zerrudo GOAL 3: GOOD HEALTH AND WELL-BEING ....................................................................... 21 by Laura Jaeger GOAL 4: QUALITY EDUCATION .........................................................................................27 By Marina Novelli and Adam Jones GOAL 5: GENDER EQUALITY ............................................................................................34 By Daniela Moreno Alarcón GOAL 6: CLEAN WATER AND SANITATION ..........................................................................39 By Helen Jennings GOAL 8: DECENT WORK AND ECONOMIC GROWTH .............................................................45 By Ernest Cañada GOAL 9: INDUSTRY, INNOVATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE ......................................................52 By Astrid Kösterke GOAL 10: REDUCED INEQUALITIES ...................................................................................58 By Antje Monshausen and Wolfgang Obenland GOAL 11: SUSTAINABLE CITIES AND COMMUNITIES .............................................................63 By Christina Kamp GOAL 12: RESPONSIBLE CONSUMPTION AND PRODUCTION ...................................................69 By Christine Plüss, Nina Sahdeva and Carina Tremel GOAL 13: CLIMATE ACTION .............................................................................................75 By Eke Eijgelaar and Paul Peeters GOAL 14: LIFE BELOW WATER ....................................................................................... 80 By Frans de Man GOAL 15: LIFE ON LAND .................................................................................................86 By Katrin Karschat and Cornelia Kühhas GOAL 16A: GOOD GOVERNANCE ....................................................................................... 91 By Andy Rutherford GOAL 16B: PEACE ..........................................................................................................97 By Maria Youngsin Lim GOAL 16C: VIOLENCE AGAINST CHILDREN .......................................................................103 By Mechtild Maurer and Jana Schrempp GOAL 17: PARTNERSHIPS FOR THE GOALS ........................................................................108 By Antje Monshausen and Andy Rutherford 3 Transfroming Tourism About the Project "Transforming Tourism" ABOUT THE PROJECT "TRANSFORMING TOURISM" For more than 40 years non-governmental organizations all over the world have taken action to make the voices of poor and marginalized people in globalized tou- rism heard. From 1999 when tourism became an issue for the UN Commission on Sustainable Development, at its 7th meeting in New York up to the formulation of the SDGs and 2030 Agenda, NGOs raised a number of issues, concerns and chal- lenges during the process. The reference to ‘sustainable tourism’ in the 2030 Agenda is an obligation to se- riously reflect on the connections between tourism and sustainable development in all 17 goals on sustainable development. With this online-compendium we want not only encourage further reflection and debate, but activities and actions. eW demand stronger dialogue and involvement of civil society organisations, people´s movements and affected population in tourism decision making - locally as well as globally. The organisations of the core team which has coordinated this compendium are: 4 Transfroming Tourism Towards the Transformation of Tourism TOWARDS THE TRANSFORMATION OF TOURISM The 2030 Agenda and its vision Following intensive negotiations, the 2030 Agenda on Sustainable Development was adopted by governments in September 2015 at the largest UN summit ever. The adoption was a long overdue step to interdependently address two of the most urgent challenges in today’s world: sustainability and development. While the “Millennium Development Goals” (MDGs) focussed mainly on the symptoms of extreme poverty, the 2030 Agenda also addresses its structural causes and is based on human rights. Its path-breaking title “Transforming our World” clearly rejects the idea of a passive business as usual approach. The ambition to reach the ‘furthest behind first’ and to leave no one behind is one of the key transformative aspects. All countries committed to implement the 2030 Agenda according to their respective challenges. This includes that rich countries have to reduce their disproportionally high and globally unsustainable resource consumption and reform their trade, financial, and development policies in ways which do not discriminate against developing countries. In tourism the dividing lines do not only run between rich and poor countries, but also between people who have the luxury to travel as tourists and those who do not even have a day off working, let alone a holiday. The 2030 Agenda offers a necessary perspective to focus on those billions of people who do not travel internationally, while many of them are affected by tourism. Tourism is an affluence-related phenomenon. The tourism sector therefore has a particular responsibility to do no harm and to ensure that people, the envi- ronment, and our climate are not negatively affected. The SDGs can provide guidance for tourism development and practise and enable the sector to play a better role in achieving the 2030 Agenda. Beyond rhetoric While the rhetoric of transformation in the 2030 Agenda is strong, there is concern that the implementation through the 17 SDGs may not be ambitious enough. Some goals and indicators for progress remain vague or inadequate. Others – especially those obsessed with a growth paradigm – are contradictory. 5 Transfroming Tourism Towards the Transformation of Tourism The achievement of the 2030 Agenda will depend on transformative actions on each and every goal, and on strong political will and accountability. The 2030 Agenda promises a systemic review process “to support accountability to our citizens”, which is to happen at national levels, but is weak on accountability, transparency, and participation (Donlad, 2016). Unlike the MDGs, which did not have a sufficiently robust system of accountability, an effective follow-up and review framework for the 2030 Agenda must ensure accountability to all people, including children and excluded groups who often do not have the opportu- nity to participate in formal accountability processes. Regular dialogue and engagement with people of all ages and backgrounds must happen at all levels (Save the Children, n.d.). Governments should be actively consulting with civil society and support meaning- ful dialogues. As highlighted by the UN Secretary-General in his 2014 Synthesis Report, there is a need for a “new paradigm of accountability” to spur people-centred, planet-sen- sitive development (ibid.). In the field of tourism there is a lot to catch up in this regard, as civil society participation is weak in political decision-making related to tourism and the vulnerability of people is high. Given the important role of the private sector in travel and tourism, strengthening the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights and incorporating them into the imple- mentation of the SDGs and their accountability processes is an important opportunity to ensure that both are central to gauging private sector effectiveness and accountability in the development
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