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Bulletin 30-A CMFRI bulletin 30-A MARCH 1981 Proceedings of the SEMINAR ON THE ROLE OF SMALL-SCALE FISHERIES AND COASTAL AQUACULTURE IN INTEGRATED RURAL DEVELOPMENT 6-9 DECEMBER 1978, MADRAS CENTRAL MARINE FISHERIES RESEARCH INSTITUTE (Indian Council of Agripultural Research) P. B. No. 1912, Cochin 682018, India CMFRI bulletin 30-A MARCH I981 Proceedings of the SEMINAR ON THE ROLE OF SMALL-SCALE FISHERIES AND COASTAL AQUACULTURE IN INTEGRATED RURAL DEVELOPMENT 6-9 DECEMBER 1978, MADRAS CENTRAL MARINE FISHERIES RESEAfiCH INSTITUTE (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) P. B. No. 1912, Cochin 682 018, India Bulletins are issued periodically by Central Marina Fisheries Research Institute to interpret current knowledge in the various fields of research on marine fisheries and allied subjects in India o Copyright reserved Published by E. G. SILAS Director Central IVIarine Fisheries Research Institute Cochin-682 018, India rhe views expressed in the papers in this bool< are those of the contributors and not necessarily those of the Central IVIarine Fisheries Research Institute, the organisers of the Seminar Rastrictsd circuUtlon WELCOME ADDRESS fly DR. E. G. SILAS Director, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin HON'BLE Minister for Food and Fisheries, catches in almost all the developing countries Government of Tamil Nadu, President Dr. Raghu of Asia and the Far East comes from this Prasad, Secretary, Forest and Fisheries, Thiru source; it meets the greatest demand of fish Thirumal, Director of Fisheries, Thiru Rama- consumed, it forms the livelihood of fisher­ krishnan, Thiru Kuriyan, Dr. Jones, Dr. Ganapati men living along the coast, on the banks of Thiru Alikunhi, Thiru Gopalan, distinguished estuaries, backwaters, rivers and reservoirs; it delegates and participants in the Seminar, offers employment to a large number of ladies and gentlemen; processors and distributors, and supports a variety of ancillary industries. In recent years, we have been witnessing an ever increasing gulf between two major sectors Small-scale fisheries plays a very significant of marine fisheries, the artisanal fishermen role in Indian Fisheries. Prior to the intro- on the one hand and those fishing with mechan­ duction of mechanised fishing vessels, the ised boats and trawlers on the other, resulting entire fish production of the country was realised in a widening social disparity and consequent by this sector. At present it contributes to above 60% of the marine fish landings of 1.3 imbalances and frictions. In order to critically million tonnes. All the inland fish produced is analyse this pressing problem and examine by the effort of the small fishermen. Despite the various additional inputs that would be it5 impressive statistics, the sector remains, by required to uplift the socio-economic status of and large, underdeveloped, and the men enga­ the small frshermen, it was felt that a Seminar ged in it are economically lean and socially on the "Role of Small-scale Fisheries and backward. The sector is not organised and the Coastal Aquaculture in Integrated Rural Develop­ operational and marketing aspects are still in­ ment'' should be organised. dividual based beset with the middleman The city of Madras was chosen as the venue problems. of this Seminar as, within its urban limits, a The situation poses a great challenge to us— major part of the fisheries activity is of artisanal a challenge to face and solve the technical, nature. The theme of this Seminar inculdes social and economic problems and issues of the three subjects — small-scale fisheries, coastal small-scale fisheries; a challenge to meet its aquaculture and rural development, each in policy, strategy and planning requirements and its own right important enough to receive ind­ a challenge to implement projects and program­ ependent attention, but in totality are closely mes formulated for its development. linked up, forming a 'trinity'. For the first time Realising the value and the urgent need to in India, we are going to discuss such an inter­ develop this fisheries, not only to provide more linked theme in the fisheries sector, with the food but to relieve the social and economic dis­ small fishermen in focus- tress of millions of people, various measures are In this Seminar we are considering "small- being taken by the Government and other deve­ scale fisheries to embrace all fisheries activities lopment agencies. In this context the coastal carried out traditionally by artisanal fishermen aquaculture plays a vital role employing indigenous crafts and gears". Aquaculture of fishes and shellfishes in the The phrase 'small-scale fisheries' may coastal waters is known in this country for long. convey an impression that it constitutes an However, the state of art as practised in the insignificant fishery of little consequence. On traditional way has not undergone any appreci­ the contrary, the major portion of the fish able change over the years. Consequently, the production as well as its value remains low. The ments for an accelerated development of the problems confronting the development of coastal sector. The subject matter of the Seminar has aquaculture are equally complex. been arranged in eight sessions commencing from this afternoon. We shall look forward to Our country is endowed with rich fishery re. the discussions at each of the sessions to be sources in the seas around, in the estuaries and free, frank and fair so as to identify the problems backwaters, in the rivers, reservoirs, tanks and and the ways and means of solving them We ponds. Our coastal waters are highly productive shall look forward for the guidelines that may and harbour several commercial fish stocks that emerge from the Seminar to go a long way to can be harvested, by simple crafts and gears. help accelerated rural development in an integra­ The ecosystems in the coastal zone are equally ted manner for the betterment of the small congenial to culture a variety of organisms- fishermen. Valuable information on the resources of our I must welcome the President, Dr. Raghu inshore waters and on the culture of some cult­ Prasad, Assistant Director-General (Fisheries) ivable organisms are available The present of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research juncture thus appears to be very opportune to for coming all the way from Delhi for this Semi­ take the best advantage of the resources availa­ nar. He represents the fisheries interest in the ble through rational exploitation, increased Indian Council of Agricultural Research and adoption of aquaculture in the coastal sector and has contributed considerably to the marine proper management to achieve greater fish pro­ fisheries research in the country. duction, national economy and a new era of rural development of the coastal zone. To our distinguished Chief Guest, Thiru G. R. Edmud, the Hon'ble Minister for Food and In fisheries development projects, human Fisheries, Government of Tamil Nadu, I extend a dimensions of development are invariably lost hearty welcome. He has always evinced keen sight of. Frankly, fisheries development pro­ interest in the welfare of the coastal communi­ jects have hardly given any thought to built- ties of this State and is intimately seized of the in activities such as socio-economics, quality of several problems and lacunae in their way of environment, health care, family planning life which needs remedies. During the past few literacy, training programmes aimed at self days he has been deeply involved with the reliance and useful skills, role of women and redressal of the great distress that has been so on. caused in. parts of coastal Tamil Nadu by the severe cyclone which hit the southern districts. Massive efforts by way of developmental With his un'iring zeal he will be able to give assistance, financial investment, use of modern proper orientation and dimensions to the inte­ technologies, provision of infrastructure facilities grated rural development of the coastal sector. and training of personnel are necessary. This also calls for suitable measures to solve the The Director of Fisheries, Thiru Ramakrishnan economic, social and legal issues, and is in charge of one of the oldest fisheries organis­ consideration of the hopes, needs and ations in the country. He is already seized of aspirations of fishermen and their community. many of the socio-economic problems that beset An integrated action plan with active co­ the small-scale fishermen. We are sure he will operation at different levels is needed. A be able to aid constructively the fisheries deve­ coordinated approach by fishery and social lopment programmes in the State and also give scientists, administrators, economists, planners us the benefit of his ideas and views in this Se­ and policy-makers and full involvement of minar. I extend to him a hearty welcome. fishermen and fish farmers and agriculturists We have in our midst, today, eminent per­ is highly essential to make an all-round sonalities, experts from different disciplines, development of the sector. It is in this leading fishermen and leaders, fish farmers, in­ context that the Seminar is organised to serve dustrialists and representatives of International at a forum to exchange views, to discuss organisations such as the F. A. 0. of the United various aspects of the problems of small- Nations, To our humble invitation you have scale fisheries and coastal aquaculture, to made it conveinent to come all the way to Madras formulate views and approaches, and to to participate in the deliberations of this Seminar indicate policies, strategies and other require­ I extend a hearty welcome to one and all. SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS By DR. R. RAGHU PRASAD Assistant Director General (Fisheries), Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi. I consider it a privilege to have | been the fisheries industrial sector is largely as a chosen to preside over the inaugural function result of the untiring labour of a very large of this Seminar which has brought together number of artisanal fishermen.
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