Clasificación Tipográfica

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Clasificación Tipográfica Clasificación tipográfica Existen diferentes clasificaciones, ya que categorizar la gran cantidad de tipos existentes es complejo. Además algunos tipos no se ajustan completamente a ninguna clasificación, hay tipos híbridos, mixtos y tipos que presentan diversas variantes adaptables a varias clasificaciones a la vez. romanas serif humanistas Agen Jenson antiguas Agen Garamond transicionales Agen Baskerville modernas Agen Didot egipcias Agen Clarendon grotescas Agen | Franklin gothic sans serif neogrotescas Agen | Helvética humanistas Agen | Gill Sans geométricas Agen | Futura manuales script Agen | Brush script caligráficas Agen | Luminari ornamentales Agen | Saphir romana humanista veneziana Inspiradas históricamente por los tipos venecianos de finales del s.xv Eje de inclinación marcado, moderado contraste entre finos y gruesos Caja de x baja, e minúscula con la barra inclinada, panza de la a minúscula baja, serifs irregulares con rasgos caligráficos Aptas para lectura de textos extensos Jenson Nicholas Jenson (s.xv)| Jenson Pro (1995-2000) Robert Slimbach Centaur Bruce Rogers (1914) Schneidler Fiedrich Hermann Schneidler (1936) Horley old style Frank Hinman Pierpont (1925) Cloister old style Morris Fuller Benton (1913) Golden type William Morris (1890) romana antigua garalda Inspiradas históricamente por los tipos venecianos que utilizó en su imprenta Aldo Manuzio y los tipos franceses de principios del s.xvi Eje de inclinación marcado, moderado contraste entre finos y gruesos Caja de x baja, e minúscula con la barra horizontal, panza de la a minúscula baja, serifs orgánicos Aptas para lectura de textos extensos Bembo Francesco Griffo (s.xv)| Frank Hinman Pierpont (1929) Garamond Claude Garamond (1530)|Francesco Simoncini (1961)| David Stempel (1925) Sabon Jan Tschichold (1967) Palatino Hermann Zapf (1948) Goudy Frederic Goudy (1915) Gradjon George Jones (1928) romana transicional reales Inspiradas históricamente por los tipos utilizados en Inglaterra y Francia entre el s.xvii y xviii Eje de inclinación casi recto, mayor contraste entre finos y gruesos Caja de x más alta que en las romanas antiguas, serifs más rectos y con cartela marcada Aptas para lectura de textos extensos Baskerville John Baskerville (s.xviii)| John Quaranda (1978)| Franco Luin (1995) Caslon William Caslon (1734)|Carol Twombly (1990) Caledonia William Addison Dwiggins (1938) |Alex Kaczun (1982) Perpetua Eric Gill (1925) Goudy Frederic Goudy (1915) Gradjon George Jones (1928) romana moderna didonas Inspiradas históricamente por los tipos utilizados hacia finales del s. xviii Eje de inclinación es recto, alto contraste entre finos y gruesos Caja de x más alta que en las romanas transicionales, serifs filiformes muchas veces sin cartela No tienen buena legibilidad para textos extensos ni en cuerpos chicos Didot Firmin Didot (1784-1811)| Adrian Frutiger (1991) Bodoni Giambattista Bodoni (1800)|Morris Fuller Benton (1911) | Henrich Jost (1926) Torino Edward Benguiat (1960) Walbaum Justus Walbaum (1800)| Charles Nix, Carl Crossgrove (2018) egipcia mecanas bloque serif Para uso en cuerpos grandes, se diseñaron por primera vez a mediados del s.xix Característico serif pesado en forma de bloque, de aspecto general robusto Caja de x alta los tipos históricos tienen cartela, en el s.xx aparecen algunos tipos sin ella y con estructura geométrica No tienen buena legibilidad para textos extensos ni en cuerpos chicos Clarendon Robert Besley (1845)| Hermann Eidenbenz (1953) Rockwell Morris Fuller Benton (1920) Memphis Rudolph Weiss (1929) Serifa Adrian Frutiger (1967) grotescas lineales palo seco Aparecen en catálogos tipográficos a inicios del s.xix, como tipografía secundaria De aspecto general robusto, caja de x alta, suelen tener la g minúscula con descendente cerrado Tienen buena legibilidad tanto en cuerpos chicos como grandes Franklin gothic Morris Fuller Benton (1910) Alternate gothic Morris Fuller Benton (1903) Trade gothic Jackson Burke (1948) neogrotescas lineales palo seco Son propias del s.xx, basadas en las grotescas pero con ajustes que las hacen más amplias en sus contraformas De aspecto general robusto, caja de x alta, la g minúscula con descendente abierto Tienen buena legibilidad tanto en cuerpos chicos como grandes, suelen considerarse neutras Univers Adrian Frutiger (1957) Helvética Max Miedinger, Edouard Hoffmann (1957) Akzidenz grotesk Berthold (1896) Frutiger Adrian Frutiger (1976) humanistas lineales palo seco Son propias del s.xx, su inspiración son los tipos romanos, presentan una modulación notable Gill sans Eric Gill (1929) Johnston Edward Johnston (1913) Optima Hermann Zapf (1955) Goudy sans Frederic Goudy (1930) geométricas lineales palo seco Son propias del s.xx, siguen formas geométricas basadas en las figuras principales del cuadrado, el círculo y el triángulo En muchos casos presenta una a minúscula cursiva Futura Paul Renner (1927) Avant garde Herbert Lubalin (1970) Century gothic Herbert Lubalin (1991) .
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