Geophysical Monitoring Near Large Dams in Tajikistan

Sobit Negmatullaev Geophysical Survey AS RT

PEER Science Cycle 2

Geophysical Survey AS RT Dushanbe, [email protected]

Sobit Negmatullaev 59 Shevchenko str., Dushanbe, Tajikistan [email protected] Dushanbe, 734025

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Application Form

Report Fields Project name* Geophysical Monitoring Near Large Dams in Tajikistan

Total budget* $180,000.00

Country* Choose from the list of eligible countries. If your country is only listed in the special categories list, please choose "Special category" at the bottom of the list. Tajikistan

Special categories (if applicable) Please check the category that applies. If your country is already listed as eligible (see above), it is not required that your project fall within one of these categories to be eligible for review. If none of these categories applies, you can leave this question answered or choose "none". None

Primary field of research* Applicants are encouraged to consult the list of projects funded in Cycle 1 of PEER Science for examples of the topics and types of projects supported. Disaster mitigation

If you chose "other", please list below your primary field of research. Proposals focused on basic science topics without clear relevance to USAID development objectives are strongly discouraged. N/A

Secondary field of research Please list a secondary field of research, if any. Seismology

Principal investigator* Sobit Negmatoullaev

E-mail of principal investigator* [email protected]

Telephone number* 992372219161

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Co-PI(s) If any None

Principal investigator's institution* Geophysical Survey of the Academy of Sciences of Republic of Tajikistan

Address of principal investigator's institution* Sobit Negmatoullaev Director

Geophysical Survey Academy of Sciences Republic of Tajikistan 59, Shevchenko Str. Dushanbe. 734025 Republic of Tajikistan

Is your project a single institution or multiple institution project?* Single institution awards are anticipated to range in size from $30,000 to $60,000 per year for one to three years. A few larger and more complex projects (those involving multiple institutions and/or multiple countries, with one of them serving as the lead) may receive up to $110,000 per year for up to three years. Single institutition

Other developing country institutions involved ( If any) None

Proposed start date for your PEER Science proposal* Please provide the date in (Month/Day/Year) format. Please be advised that decions will not be made before May, 2013 07/01/2013

Proposed end date for your PEER Science proposal* Please provide the date in (Month/Day/Year) format. In order for a PEER Science proposal to be considered eligible for review, its requested duration may not extend more than twelve months beyond the official termination date of the U.S. partner’s NSF award that is effective at the time the PEER Science proposal is submitted 06/30/2016

U.S. partner* David Simpson and Timothy Ahern

U.S. partner's institution* The IRIS Consortium

U.S. partner's e-mail [email protected]

Title of U.S. partner's NSF award* Facilitating New Discoveries in Seismology and Exploring the Earth: The Next Decade

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U.S. partner's NSF award number* EAR-1063471

End date of your U.S. partner's NSF award* Please provide the date in (Month/Day/Year) format. 12/31/2014

You may save your application as a draft at any time and resume it later. To do so, please scroll down and click on the "Save as Draft" button at the bottom of the application page. Please do not use the back button or you will lose any unsaved information. To avoid any inconvenience, remember to save regularly while working on your application. For further instructions on each question, please consult the program instructions.

II- Project Summary Please fill out both sections of the summary: scientific merit and development impact. There is a limit of 2500 characters for each section. The summary should be written so that readers without technical expertise can understand it. It should briefly and clearly state the goals of the project and the proposed activities that will be carried out to achieve them. The summary should also explain the role of the proposed U.S. collaborator and describe the anticipated outcomes of the project, including scientific merit (part 1) as well as development-related impacts (part 2). In describing these impacts, the specific focus should be on how the project relates to USAID’s programmatic interests. 2.a) Scientific merit* Current world practice requires a probabilistic estimation of the seismic hazard for important structures, including dams. But seismic hazard estimation of a series of dams needs the probabilistic estimation of seismic hazard for a large area. Estimation of seismic hazard not only relies heavily on data collected in the region immediately surrounding important infrastructure, but also on a more general understanding of the regional tectonic setting and the location and loading of important faults. These details are not well understood in Tajikistan. In general, a single hydroelectric power plant (HPP) is constructed according to design rules and rates of exploitation taking into account the level of seismic hazard of the area. However, the planning for the seismic safety of a whole series of dams is absent in design standards. For instance, the design rule of seismic risk for a single dam can be very low, but the relationships between two dams can entail a higher risk for both HPPs, and for the whole series of HPPs. Therefore, the seismic hazard estimation for the entire area containing several large dams is a new technical approach and will allow reduction of the seismic risk for the entire system.The findings and suitable methodology and recommendations can be used in other countries around the world. The outcome of this project will allow seismic monitoring based on up-to-date equipment, including digital broad-band seismic stations with satellite links for data transmission that will provide information about seismic processes around the series of large dams in real-time, and around the Rogun HPP’s reservoir especially. The Project Directors will make all data recorded as part of this project open and available in real time. IRIS operates the largest seismic data center for this kind of data in the world and all seismic data will flow in real time to IRIS and be available for use and study by international experts around the world. The studies enabled by completion of the proposed project will contribute to the understanding of the complex tectonics of the Central Asia region, and the assessment of seismic risk that threatens the populations in this important region. The proposed infrastructure will also facilitate research in the emerging field of induced seismicity, which has enormous repercussions for current and projected practices of energy extraction and production in emerging economies and throughout the world.

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2.b) Development impacts* The proposed project will impact economic development of Tajikistan at multiple levels. The proposed expansion of seismic monitoring capability at Rogun dam in Tajikistan will contribute to the rational and safe development and operation of hydroelectric capacity, and to the development of important renewable energy sources in Central Asia. Information derived from monitoring of large dams (Nurek and Rogun) in the region will add to a rapidly growing area of seismology, the study of induced seismicity. Understanding induced seismicity has broad implications not only in the Central Asia region, but also in many countries around the world where accelerated economic development is associated with dramatic increases in energy demands, and the search for alternative or enhanced fossil fuel extraction such as hydraulic fracturing, or renewable sources, such as large hydroelectric infrastructure.

Beyond contributing to a specific early development marker, (energy independence), the proposed project will provide a unique opportunity for close interaction, collaboration and substantial knowledge transfer between the geoscientist community in Tajikistan and the U.S. Support provided by this award will extend long-standing collaborations between IRIS senior staff and the Geological Survey of Tajikistan and leverage one of the largest NSF Cooperative Agreements, allowing the seamless integration of Tajik scientists in state-of-the-art activities, facilities and practices of the international seismology community.

Remember to save regularly using the "Save as Draft" button at the bottom of the page. For further instructions on each question, please consult the program instructions.

III-Project Description Please address each section of the proposal description concisely (within the character limit). If needed, you may also upload figures and/or tables as an annex at the end of this application. Please reference each figure in the text. Incomplete proposals and those not submitted in the required format will not be considered. 3.a) Background and rationale* Two billion people in the world do not have electricity. This critical development need is been successfully addressed through renewable energy sources, such as hydroelectric power. Yet, over the past few decades, important questions have been arised regarding safety standards and establishment of priorities of multiuse dams serving irrigation and power production needs. The construction of high dams and their associated large reservoirs has revealed a new problem, reservoir triggered seismicity (RTS). In addition to the impounding of large reservoirs, induced (or triggered) seismicity has been associated with deep mining and injection of fluids into the Earth’s crust for enhanced hydrocarbon extraction, geothermal energy generation, and waste disposal. In the case of large dams, increased seismic activity results from changes the local geological environment caused by the water load in the reservoir. More than five hundred cases of RTS have been documented around the world. These include increased seismic activity following the construction of the Hoover Dam in the U.S. in 1936. The largest induced earthquake occurred in India in the area of Koyna dam in 1967 and had a magnitude М = 6.7. It caused significant damage to the dam and surrounding structures and resulted in more than 100 fatalities. Earthquakes at Kremasta dam in Greece (January-February 1966) caused numerous landslides and the destruction of 1,680 buildings. Significant increases in seismicity also occurred in the Aswan Reservoir in Egypt, the Xinfengjiang Reservoir in China, and the largest man-made lake in Zambia/Zimbabwe, Africa – Kariba Lake. Dams are also vulnerable to serious damage by naturally occurring earthquakes. Hydroelectric power plants (HPP) are thus constructed according to design rules appropriate for seismically active areas, however design standards do not account for compound seismic risk for multiple hydroelectric plants in series. Tajikistan has a unique opportunity and an enormous potential to exploit hydroelectric power. However, 93% of the territory of Tajikistan is mountainous with tectonic activity and very high seismicity. The Vakhsh River valley offers the best opportunity in Tajikistan for hydroelectric power, and there are already a series of HPPs in operation or under construction. These dams include Perepadnaya, Golovnaya, Sangtuda-2 (70 m dam under construction now), Sangtuda-1 (70 m dam), Baipaza (70 m dam), Nurek (300 m dam), and Rogun

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HPP which will be the highest dam in the world (335 m). The two largest dams (Nurek and Rogun) are located in the most seismically active zone in Tajikistan, and are potentiall exposed to earthquakes of magnitudes greater than 7. In addition to being located in a highly seismic area, Nurek, currently the world’s highest dam, on the Vakhsh River, is one of the best documented cases of reservoir-induced seismicity. Seismicity in the Nurek area was monitored since 1955 by the Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan. Under the joint Soviet-American Agreement “On Environmental Protection” of May 20, 1972, studies of induced seismicity were carried out at Nurek reservoir in Tajikistan and at Toktogul reservoir in Kyrgyzstan. Nurek is one of a few reservoirs where a detailed knowledge of the seismological conditions around the reservoir was obtained prior to filling. Based on the careful long-term observations by the Tajik Institution of Seismic Construction, including 10 years of monitoring prior to impounding of the reservoir, a clear increase in seismicity was observed upon filling. Moreover, a strong correlation between seismicity and the rate of reservoir filling was established based on data from a high- resolution seismic network established in the reservoir area. These observations led to recommendations on optimum modes of water management (slow with gradual changes in the rate of filling) to the hydroelectric project. The development of power and irrigation resources on the Vakhsh River is being expanded with the construction of Rogun dam upstream from Nurek. With strong evidence for Nurek reservoir’s impact on local seismicity, construction of another large reservoir in the same area may significantly disrupt the established stress field and lead to further increases in earthquake activity, making it imperative to monitor any changes caused by new Rogun dam, potentially reducing the negative effects of such influence. We propose to develop a monitoring system for the Rogun hydroelectric complex that leverages the experience gained in monitoring the Nurek dam using a wide range of geophysical methods. In addition to being fundamental to the safe operation of the Rogun dam, the proposed activities will serve to build scientific and technological capacity in Tajikistan in the area of seismology, and contribute to understanding of general seismic hazard in Tajikistan and the Central Asia region.

3.b) Prior experience and relevant capabilities of principal investigator* Principal Investigator in Tajikistan Dr. Sobit Negmatoullaev is the Director of the Geophysical Survey (GS) of the Tajik Academy of Sciences The GS is the leading agency for seismic monitoring of the Republic of Tajikistan. The GS currently produces the earthquake catalog of Tajik seismicity and has over three decade experience in monitoring large dams in the Vakhsh River Valley, with special emphasis on the Nurek Dam. The GS has led the modernization of seven seismic stations in Tajikistan, in collaboration with the government of Switzerland.

Principal Investigator in the U.S. The Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) is a 501-c (3) not-for-profit corporation established in 1984 to serve the needs of a consortium of universities that have research programs in seismology. IRIS-operated technical facilities serve the dual purpose of facilitating fundamental research and supporting the mission of agencies involved in global and regional earthquake monitoring, including the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). IRIS consists three primary service directorates, Data Services, Instrumentation Services, and Education and Public Outreach, managed and implemented by full-time professional Program Managers. IRIS management is supported by a staff of more than 50 employees, with 100 additional personnel engaged in IRIS activities through major subawards. IRIS business services and senior program managers are located at corporate headquarters in Washington DC. Additional IRIS offices are located in Seattle, WA (data management center) and Socorro, NM (instrument facility). Support for IRIS activities has been provided primarily through continuous Cooperative Agreements with the National Science Foundation for more than 25 years, with current aggregate annual income of approximately $30M/year. IRIS has extensive experience in installation and support of seismic stations worldwide, and in building seismological capacity through numerous training programs globally.

The IRIS Data Management System (DMS) is one of the largest scientific archives of globally distributed observational data in the world, and the world’s larges repository of seismic data. IRIS DMS receives data from over 66,000 stations in 150 networks operated by US agencies and partner organizations worldwide,

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with most recent annual input of 187 Tbytes. Data archived by IRIS DMS is freely available without any restrictions to the international scientific and hazard monitoring communities. The IRIS DMS is supported by a staff of 26 individuals dedicated to quality control and to the generation of data products for distribution of data via web services, benefiting a broad range of users. During 2011 – 2012, data distributed to scientists in roughly 150 countries amounted to 267Tbytes.

IRIS President, Dr. David Simpson will be responsible for coordinating and directing the U.S. team in order to provide the necessary input and guidance to their Tajik counterparts. Additional technical and organizational support will be provided by Dr. T. Ahern, Director of Data Services, Dr. R. Woodward, IRIS Director of Instrumentation Services, and Dr. John Taber, Director of Education and Public Outreach.

3.c) Project scope and objectives* Completion of this project will contribute to the safe operation of a series of hydroelectric power plants (HPPs) and their associated large dams on the Vakhsh River in Tajikistan. The objectives of this proposal are: - Install and operate a state-of-the-art seismic monitoring system in the Vakhsh River region specifically around the new Rogun HPP. - Monitor reservoir-triggered seismicity of the Rogun HPP, before and during construction and impounding. - Develop the seismic hazard estimation in the area where the large dams are located, and create a probabilistic map of the ground shaking for scenario seismic events in this area. - Share all geophysical measurements openly with other Central Asian countries and the international scientific community through the IRIS Data Management System (DMS).

3.d) Research plan* The core of the proposed project is the enhancement of critical geophysical infrastructure serving a dual purpose in Tajikistan: contribute to the understanding of the complex tectonic environment in Central Asia, and surveying natural and induced seismic activity surrounding essential hydroelectric power plants in the Vakhsh River valley.

Because of the high cost of seismological research instrumentation, the resources made available through the PEER program would not suffice to support autonomous research program. However, the funds provided by this award will be invaluable to support the development of a high resolution monitoring system that will have significant impact on multiple aspects of Tajikistan’s development. The proposed project will enhance scientific research capabilities, facilitating integration with the international scientific community. In addition, the requested instrumentation will allow high resolution monitoring of seismicity threatening the integrity of important national energy infrastructure, and enable regional studies of induced seismicity, a novel phenomenon of increasing scientific interest. The permanent nature of the proposed instrumentation will enable the Tajik scientific community in taking the lead in this nascent research field, and constitute the basis for long-term collaboration between the U.S. and Tajikistan.

The specific tasks that the Geological Survey of Tajikistan will undertake in partnership with IRIS are: 1. Installation of 4 new seismic monitoring systems during the course of the 3 years of the project. These installations will be performed by Tajik personnel that have previous experience installing and operating similar systems within the Tajik seismic network. These stations will share data with the IRIS Data Management Center in Seattle and from there the data will be made openly available to research scientists around the globe without cost or delay.

2. As part of IRIS’s international activities supported by NSF EAR-1063471 IRIS will support additional training by the equipment vendor (Nanometrics) for the Tajik Geological Survey staff to insure continuous operation of the stations and the optimal generation of earthquake catalogs, which is one the primary research products.

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3. IRIS will maintain its involvement with the Tajik Geological Survey during the period of this award and beyond. The Tajik Geological Survey and IRIS have a long history of cooperation and will partner in optimal ways to insure the success of this project.

3.e) Training and outreach plan* Capacity building and training is a central component of this proposal. The proposed training and outreach plan is designed to contribute to scientific and technological development in Tajikistan, and to promote collaboration in risk assessment and mitigation of natural disasters throughout the the Central Asia region. The proposed training plan includes three components:

1. Metadata Workshop. The Tajik Geophysical Survey and IRIS will jointly organize a training course in management of metadata for seismological networks. Seismic network operators from neighboring countries will be included to insure useful data sharing across international borders takes place, thus enhancing the use of data derived from seismic stations from throughout the region, in the generation of earthquake catalogs within the territory of Tajikistan. This project will allow Tajikistan to benefit from IRIS' extensive experience organizing international metadata workshops (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (2008), Cairo, Egypt (2009), Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil (2010) and Bangkok, Thailand (2012), Kuwait (2013 - upcoming). These workshops are taught by senior U.S. faculty and IRIS staff, and have been very successful incubators for international and regional collaborations, particularly among young scientists.

2. Seiscomp3 Training Course. The Tajik Geophysical Survey and IRIS will also organize a training course in the use of the no-cost alternative Seiscomp3 seismic processing system. Development of this system was supported by the government of Germany through the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, in response to the Indonesian earthquake and tsunami of 2004. GFZ has since made this system available free of charge throughout the world. IRIS has partnered with the current developers of Seiscomp3 to enhance the system to improve the management of seismic data locally as well as developing state-of-the-art techniques for data sharing to other researchers. In the longer term, sustainability of the Tajik system can be enhanced by converting the seismic processing methods Seiscomp3.

3. Outreach program. In year three of the proposed period of support, the GS and IRIS will prepare instructional materials and deliver lectures to owners and managers of the HPPs in the Vakhsh River valley to inform them about the identified risks, and provide recommendations for efficient prevention and remediation including recognizing changes in the behavior of mass movements and related effects; implementing draining, dredging and tunnelling systems.

3.f) Role and responsibilities of U.S. collaborator (if any) The IRIS Consortium will assist in the acquisition of the 4 new seismic stations being acquired as part of this proposal. IRIS will advise the Geophysical Survey on current methodologies in seismic acquisition systems, real time data flow, and sharing the data with the international community through the IRIS Data Management Center in the United States. IRIS will also provide training through workshops on metadata management and international data sharing. Additionally IRIS will produce quality metrics on real time data flow to the IRIS DMC. These metrics will be made available to the Tajikistan Team and help insure that the data recorded is of the highest quality.

Remember to save regularly using the "Save as Draft" button at the bottom of the page. For further instructions on each question, please consult the program instructions. 3.g) Expected development outcomes* The proposed project will contribute to the rational development and operation of needed energy infrastructure in Tajikistan and minimize the risk of man-made disasters in the Central Asia region. The information derived from the studies enabled by this project will add to the growing understanding of induced seismicity and associated phenomena, and inform infrastructure development in other rapidly developing regions. The proposed project will serve as a framework for close collaboration between the Tajik

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geophysical community and the U.S. and international scientific communities, building scientific capacity in Tajkistan and the Central Asia region. The proposed enhancement to seismic monitoring capabilities in Tajikistan is expected to yield information critical for the construction of the Rogun hydroelectric power plant, and for the safe coordinated operation of serial dams along the Vakhsh River. In the absence of adequate understanding of geologic conditions and induced seismicity in the region, the uncoordinated development and operation of multiple large reservoirs in series has the potential of resulting in severe disasters with significant human and economic costs. This high risk is unacceptable and preventable through informed rational management of the dams. The installation of the four proposed seismic stations is required for efective monitoring of the Rogun dam and its surroundings, and for understanding the interaction between multiple dams in the region. The studies enabled by this project will contribute to the design of operational models for safe coordinated operation of large dams in other parts of the world, and improve understanding of seismicity induced by impounding of large reservoirs and other engineering actions that affect crustal deformation. This project provides a valuable opportunity for integration of the Tajikistan scientific community with the U.S. and international communities in projects of specific national relevance. This proposal includes a substantial training and capacity building component in the form of sustained informal interactions, and structured workshops for the Tajik and Central Asia region.

3.h) Data sharing and dissemination plan* Central to this proposal is the firm commitment of the Geophysical Service of Tajikistan and of IRIS to compliance with Open Data Policies as dictated by the NSF. All data derived from the proposed stations will be transmitted in real-time and archived by the IRIS Data Management System (DMS) in Seattle, WA. IRIS DMS is one of the largest scientific archives of globally distributed observational data in the world, and the world’s larges repository of seismic data. IRIS DMS receives data from over 66,000 stations in 150 networks operated by US agencies and partner organizations worldwide, with most recent annual input of 187 Tbytes.

Data archived at the IRIS DMC is freely available without any restrictions to the international scientific and hazard monitoring communities. The IRIS DMC is supported by a staff of 26 individuals dedicated to quality control and to the generation of data products for distribution of data via web services, benefiting a broad range of users. During 2011 – 2012, data distributed to scientists in roughly 150 countries amounted to 267Tbytes.

An essential part of the proposed project is the training of Tajik scientists, engineers and technicians in state-of-the-art data processing methods that will enable them to efficiently interact with the global seismology community through submission and use of data archives.

3.i) Timeline Provide a list of major project activities and milestones along with the estimated time required to complete each. (If your timeline is in a spreadsheet or graphical format, you may upload it instead) Year 1 Acquisition and installation of seismic stations in Bal’dzhuvon and Peshtova (Figure1 in Annex) Set-up of real-time data transmission from these stations to IRIS DMC

Year 2 Acquisition and installation of seismic stations in Dashtigurg and Kanyaz (Figure 1 in Annex) Set-up of real-time data transmission from these stations to IRIS DMC

Year 3 Metadata workshop for Tajik and regional participants Seiscomp3 workshop for Tajik participants Informational lecture series for hydroelectric plant owners and managers Write report and publication

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3.j) Supplemental information If your project involves human subjects, animals, biohazards, or endangered species, please describe plans for addressing these aspects, including minimizing potential risks. Institutional review board approvals or plans to obtain such approvals should be described No human subjects, animals, biohazards, or endangered species.

No IRBs required.

3.k) Budget request justification* Funds requested to support the proposed project are limited to essential equipment and training costs.

Equipment - US $133,218 Funds are requested for purchase of four broad-band seismic stations. Each station consists of a three- component "Trillium" seismometer; "Trident" acquisition and processing system, solar panels with batteries in standby mode, a "VSAT", satellite dish; and a "Cygnus" radio telemetry system. The seismometer records vibrations of the Earth’s surface in a wide range of frequencies, then the "Trident" element converts the information from analog to digital and sends it to the telemetry system. Data are then transmitted through a satellite dish to the central seismic station in Dushanbe city, where it will be relayed to the IRIS Data Management Center in Seattle via internet. An unprecedented vendor discount has been negotiated by IRSI in support of this proposal. Vendor quote is attached in Annex.

Training Workshops Metadata Workshops US $30,000 Funds are requested to cover the cost of participant support for a five-day workshop for four participants from Tajikistan and two participants from each of Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan and Pakistan. The workshop will include 2-4 participants from the U.S., but no funds are requested to cover their expenses.

Seiscomp3 Workshop US $14,000 Funds are requested to cover the cost of meeting and participant support for a four-day workshop in the last half of the third year of support.

Outreach and Dissemination US $2,782 Funds are requested to defray the cost of organizing lectures and publication costs for dissemination and project publication

3.l) Travel details* No funds are requested for travel under this proposal

3.m) Other funding and other collaborating institutions (If any) The participating institutions are the Geophysical Survey of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan (Tajikistan), and the Incorporated Institutions for Seismology (IRIS, U.S.). Funding for this collaborative proposal will be available through IRIS NSF Cooperative Agreement EAR- 1063471.

No additional collaborating institutions or other funding will be involved in this project.

3.n) Budget* Provide an itemized budget for the project using the budget form provided. Instructions on the budget are included in the excel form GST-IRIS Budget_sheet_06-20-12.xlsx

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Attachments Annex (if any) If necessary, please include your figures and diagrams in a single document annex and refer to them in your project description (for example Figure 1 in Annex, etc...). Please do not exceed five figures/tables combined and do not include additional project narrative to this document. Annex.pdf

Curricula vitae (Developing Country PI)* Please attach the principal investigator’s brief CV, which should be no more than two pages in length and include citations for no more than five to ten recent relevant publications or patents (you can refer to a sample CV if needed be). If the project includes more than one developing country institution, please also include a CV for the key project participant at each institution. Please do not submit electronic copies of publications or other background materials, as they will not be forwarded to reviewers. All the CVs must be submitted in one single file. Tajikistan PI CV - .pdf

Curriculum vitae (U.S. Partner)* Please attach your U.S. partner's brief CV, which should be no more than two pages in length and include citations for no more than five to ten recent relevant publications or patents.Please do not submit electronic copies of publications or other background materials, as they will not be forwarded to reviewers. US PI - Simpson Bio_October 2012.pdf

NSF award abstract* Please attach a copy of the abstract of your U.S. partner’s NSF award. You can access it through the NSF website award database . ProjectSummary_IRIS_EAR_1063471.pdf

Letter of support from the US collaborator* The letter must be written on official institutional letterhead and must list the title and award number of the U.S. collaborator’s active NSF grant, provide details on how the proposed project relates to this NSF grant, and explain the U.S. collaborator’s expected role in the project. The letter must be signed by the U.S. collaborator. PEER funds may not be used to cover the U.S. partner’s salary, travel, or other expenses. In consenting to serve as partners on PEER Science proposals, U.S. partners must clearly understand that they cannot receive PEER funds and that, while they are encouraged to seek supplemental funds from NSF if necessary, such supplemental support cannot be guaranteed. Tajik_IRIS_Letter_12_12_v2_final.pdf

Letter of support from an official at the principal investigator’s institution * The letter should be from a person who is legally authorized to make commitments on the instution's behalf. If your project involves more than one developing country instution, please submit a separate support letter from each. The letter must be written on official institutional letterhead and must include the following: 1. Confirmation that the institution supports the participation of its staff in the proposed project, would be willing to receive and administer any grant funds awarded, and would be permitted under local regulations to receive grant funds from a foreign sponsor 2. Description of the institution's structures, practices for project management and financial overisght, as well as description of the process by which the institution could receive grant funds 3. Brief description of resources made available by the instutions to facilitate the project, whether in cash or in kind. 4. Examples of other grants your institution received from foreign sponsors (if any). Letter of Support_Sobit-1.pdf

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Once you have filled out all the sections of the application and uploaded all the required documents, you can then submit your application by clicking the "Submit Form" button at the bottom of the page. Please consult the PEER Science website for further information. If you have any additional questions regarding the PEER Science program, please contact us at [email protected].

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Application Files

File Uploads • GST-IRIS Budget_sheet_06-20-12.xlsx • Annex.pdf • Tajikistan PI CV - .pdf • US PI - Simpson Bio_October 2012.pdf • ProjectSummary_IRIS_EAR_1063471.pdf • Tajik_IRIS_Letter_12_12_v2_final.pdf • Letter of Support_Sobit-1.pdf

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! ! DR. TIMOTHY KEITH AHERN CURRICULUM VITAE

IRIS DMC PH: (206) 547-0393 1408 NE 45TH Street, Suite 201 FAX: (206) 547-1093 Seattle, WA 98105 E-mail: [email protected]

Education

Whitworth College Physics/Math (summa cum laude) B.S. 1972 University of British Columbia Geophysics M.S. 1975 University of British Columbia Geophysics Ph.D. 1980

Professional Experience

2010 – present Director of Data Services, Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology 1987 – 2010 Program Manager, IRIS Data Management System 1985 - 1987 Vice-President of Engineering, XELO Inc. 1980 - 1985 Senior Research Geophysicist, Amoco Production Company 1978 - 1980 Computer Applications Specialist, Cominco Ltd.

Publications

Trabant, C, Hutko. A.R., Bahavar, M., Karstens, R., Ahern, T. and Aster, R. (2012) Data products at the IRIS DMC: stepping-stones for research and other applications. Seismo. Res. Lett., accepted.

Casey, R. and T. Ahern, 2011, Web Services for Seismic Data Archives, Geoinformatics: Cyberinfrastructure for the Solid Earth Sciences, Cambridge University Press, Part V #13, 210-223.

Park, J., R. Butler, K. Anderson, J. Berger, H. Benz, P. Davis, C. Hutt, C. McCreery, T. Ahern, G. Ekstrom, and R. Aster, 2005, Performance Review of the Global Seismographic Network for the Sumatra-Andaman Megathrust Earthquake, Seismological Research Letters, 76, 3, 331-343.

T.K. Ahern, 2003, The FDSN and IRIS Data Management System: Providing easy access to terabytes of information, International Handbook of Earthquake and Engineering Seismology, Part B., 81B, 1645-1655.

Webster, F., J.B. Minster, T. Ahern, C. Alexander, J. Bloxham, D. Goldberg, R. Greenwald, P. Mantey, C. Russell, and D. Smith, 2003, Review of NOAA’s National Geophysical Data Center, Report of the National Research Council of the National Academies, The Academies Press.

Other Significant Publications

T.K. Ahern, 1996, The IRIS Data Management Center, Seismological Research Letters, 67, 3, 30-34, June 1996.

T.K. Ahern, 1996, Finding Needles in Haystacks, The Leading Edge, 15, #12, 1347-1349.

Ahern, T.K., 1994, The FDSN Archive at the IRIS Data Management Center, Annali Di Geofisica, 37 5, 1103-1112.

Ahern, T.K., 1990, Automatic Earthquake Research, Geotimes, 35, 4, 17-18.

Synergistic Activities

Patent, Method and System for Real-Time Processing of Seismic Data (Co-Inventor), Patent No. 4,759,636 Patent, Method and Apparatus for Generating Data and Analyzing the Same to Determine Fluid Depth in a Well (Co-Inventor), Patent No. 4,793,178

2003 - present UNAVCO Facilities Committee.

2007 - 2008 NEES Information Technology Advisory Panel.

1995 - 2007 Secretary, International Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks

2007 – present Chair FDSN Working Group on Coordination of Products, Tools and Services

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2009 Co-Convener, International Workshop, Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks, Giza, Egypt, November 2009

2007 Co-Convener, International Workshop, Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia, October 2007

2006 Co-Convener, International Workshop, Managing Waveform Data and Related Metadata for Seismic Networks, Sao Paulo, Brazil, July 2006..

Graduate Advisor – Dr. R. D. Russell, retired, University of British Columbia ! ! CURRICULUM VITAE

Sobit Negmatoullaev

First name Surname Affiliation and official Geophysical Survey Academy of Sciences Republic of Tajikistan address: 59, Shevchenko Str., Dushanbe. 734025. Republic of Tajikistan Telephone + (992 372) 279161 Fax E-mail address n_sobit@ mail.ru Date and place of birth September, 16, 1937. Ura-Tjube, Tajikistan Nationality Republic of Tajikistan Education (degrees, 1987 Doctor of technical sciences (Institute of Physics of the Earth, Moscow) date, universities) 1967 Candidate of technical sciences, Ph.D. (Polytechnic Institute, Tashkent) 1961 Polytechnical Institute (Dushanbe), Master of Sciences. Career 2004 – 2006 Vice-President of the Tajik International University 2003 - Present Director of International NGO “Prevention, Mitigation and International” – “PMP International”. 2005-2006 Head of the Scientific Group on the “Seismic Research and Seismic Risk associated with the construction of Rogun Power Plant on the Vakhsh River”. Analysis of the potential triggered seismicity of the Rogun water reservoir. Works order by Lahmeyer International (Germany) 2000-2006 Chairman of the Panel of Independent Experts for the Lake Sarez Risk Mitigation Project of the World Bank 2004 - Present Honorable Director of the Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan 1993 - Present Academician of the International Academy of the Universities and Institutes 1972 -1988 Corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik Soviet Republic. 1984 For the researches, scientific substantiation of seismic stability of high- rise dams was awarded with laureate prize by the Council of Ministers of USSR. 1988 - Present Academician of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik Soviet Republic 1988 - 1995 President of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan 1965 -2004 Director of the Tajik Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology 2004-Present Director of Non-governmental non-for-profit Organization “Prevention, Mitigation and Preparedness International (PMP International)”. 2009-Present Head of Geophysical Survey of the Academy of Sciences RT Specialization -(I) main field Dam Safety, Earthquake Engineering and Seismology -(II) other fields Earthquake Engineering and Seismology, Seismic Hazard Assessment -(III) current research interests Earthquake Engineering, Seismic Hazard and Risk Assessment, Natural Hazards, Induced Seismicity,

Experience Chief of the Panel of Experts of the LSRMP (Lake Sarez Risk Mitigation Project) Scientific Consultant of FOCUS since 1999. Honors, Awards, Academician of the International Academy of the Universities and Institutes Fellowships, membership of Three Certificates of Honor awarded by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of Professional Societies Tajikistan. Distinguished Service Medal Order of Honor P. Kapitsa medal of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences

Publications Author and co-author of 11 books. Holder of 11 scientific patents. Number of papers in Number of papers — over 200 refereed journals Number of Number of communications to scientific meetings — over 100 communications to scientific meetings

Languages Tajik, Russian. PC computer User PC skills.

DR. DAVID WILLIAM SIMPSON CURRICULUM VITAE

President, IRIS Consortium 1200 New York Ave., NW Suite 400 Phone: 202-682-2220 Washington, DC 20005 E-mail: [email protected]

Professional Preparation: Dalhousie University, Halifax Physics (Honours) B.Sc. 1966 Dalhousie University, Halifax Physics and Geophysics M.Sc.1968 Australian National University Geophysics Ph.D. 1973

Appointments: 1991 – Present President, Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) 1983 – 1991 Senior Research Scientist and Associate Director for Seismology, Lamont- Doherty Geological Observatory (LDGO)/ Columbia University 1981 – 1983 Senior Research Associate, LDGO 1973 – 1981 Research Associate, LDGO 1969 – 1973 Research Scholar, Australian National University, Canberra 1968 – 1969 Instructor in Geophysics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan Products: Publications Related to the Proposal Kilb, D., Z. Peng, D. Simpson, A. Michael, M. Fisher, D. Rohrlick, 2012, Listen, Watch, Learn: SeisSound Video Products, Seismological Research Letters, 83(2), 281-286. Ammon, C.J., T. Lay, and D. W. Simpson (2010), "Great Earthquakes and Global Seismic Networks", Seismological Research Letters, 81(6), 965-971 Park, J., K. Anderson, R. Aster, R. Butler, T. Lay, and D. Simpson, 2005, Global Seismographic Network Records the Great Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake, EOS Trans. AGU, 86, 57, 60- 61. McGarr, A., D.W. Simpson and L. Seeber, 2002, Case Histories of Induced and Triggered Seismicity, in International Handbook of Earthquake and Engineering Seismology, ed. W.H.K. Lee et al, Academic Press, 647-661. Kim, W.Y., V.V. Kazakov, A.G. Vanchugov and D.W. Simpson, 1996, Broadband and array observations at low noise sites in Kazakhstan: Opportunities for seismic monitoring of a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty; in Monitoring a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, E.S. Husebye and A.M. Dainty (eds), Kluwer Academic Press, 467-482. Simpson, D.W., R. Butler, T. Ahern and T. Wallace, 1996, Expanding the Global Seismographic Network; in Monitoring a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, E.S. Husebye and A.M. Dainty (eds), Kluwer Academic Press.

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Other Significant Publications van der Vink, G., D.W. Simpson, C. Hennet, J. Park and T. Wallace, 1994, Nuclear Testing and Nonproliferation – The Role of Seismology in Deterring the Development of Nuclear Weapons, The IRIS Consortium, Arlington, VA. Kim, W.Y., D.W. Simpson, and P.G. Richards, 1994, High-frequency spectra of regional phases from earthquakes and chemical explosions, Bull. Seism. Soc. Amer., 84, 1365-1386. Simpson, D.W., and T.N. Narasimhan, 1990, Inhomogeneities in rock properties and their influence on reservoir induced seismicity, Gerl. Beitr. Geophysik. 99, 205-219. Simpson, D.W., A. Gharib and R.M. Kebeasy, 1990, Induced seismicity and changes in water level at Aswan Reservoir, Egypt. eservoir induced seismicity, Gerl. Beitr. Geophysik. 99, 191-204. Simpson, D.W., W. Leith, and C.H. Scholz, 1988, Two types of reservoir induced seismicity, Bull. Seism. Soc. Amer., 74, 2025-2040. Simpson, D.W., and S.K. Negmatullaev, 1981, Induced seismicity at Nurek Reservoir, Bull. Seism. Soc. Amer., 71, 1561-1586.

Synergistic Activities: Chair, NSF Geosciences Advisory Committee (1999-2001) Board of Directors, Seismological Society of America (2002-2008) Member – USGS Senior Earthquake Science Advisory Committee (2011-present), GEON Advisory Committee (2003-2006); USGS Advanced National Seismic System, National Steering Committee (2000-2008); NSF Advisory Committee for GPRA Performance Assessment (2001-20003); NSF GEO-2000 Long Range Plan Writing Team (1999); NSF Geosciences Advisory Committee (1997-1999); Science & Technology Committee, Gore-Chernomyrdin Commission (1996-1998). Awards – American Geophysical Union, Waldo Smith Medal (2012) Institute of Physics of the Earth, Sadovsky Medal (2009) Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Member (1995) Institute of Physics of the Earth, Schmidt Medal (1994)

Collaborators and Other Affiliations: Recent Collaborators (not including IRIS and EarthScope) Art McGarr (US Geological Survey) Leonardo Seeber (Columbia University) Ali Gharib (Helwan Institute)

Graduate and Postdoc Advisors Ph.D. Advisor - John Cleary, ANU (deceased) Postdoc Advisor – Lynn Sykes, Columbia

Thesis Advisor and Postgraduate-Scholar Sponsor William Leith, US Geological Survey Craig Nicholson, University of California, Santa Barbara

Facilitating New Discoveries in Seismology and Exploring the Earth: The Next Decade

Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology is a consortium of 114 Voting Members, comprising virtually every university in the US with a seismology research program. IRIS also includes still growing numbers of US, Foreign, and Educational Affiliates. This proposal to the National Science Foundation is for renewal of support to continue the Consortium’s management of “core facilities” to acquire, manage and distribute seismological and related geoscience data. At the request of NSF, the proposed term of a new Cooperative Agreement is 27 months, and an important task is to move towards joint management of the “core facilities” and the USArray facilities, which have been constructed and operated under separate Agreements between IRIS and NSF. The objective is integrated management of seismological services to investigators, so that going forward it will be reasonable and useful for NSF to negotiate a single Cooperative Agreement for all of these services. The services managed by IRIS fall into three areas. • Instrumentation Services, including operation and support for permanent broadband stations distributed around the world and portable instruments for denser deployments both in the US and abroad. • Data Services, including Data Collection Centers for permanent networks, software and training to facilitate good data management broadly, and the Data Management Center for the most reliable archiving and distribution. • Outreach and Education Services, creating tools for faculty members and others to use seismological data in fostering broad understanding of geosciences. Continuous reliable functioning of the core facilities over 25 years and an unwavering commitment to free and open data availability have embedded supportive attitudes among new generations of geoscientists. These attitudes underlay a new era of still-accelerating growth in geoscience information and deeper understanding of dynamic Earth systems. The consensus in favor of open data facilitates use of research products to serve society in applications that include environmental monitoring, hazard mitigation, natural resources discovery, and national security. During the transition to integrated management of all of these services, IRIS proposes to continue operation of the existing facilities. • The Global Seismographic Network is a network of high dynamic range, broadband sensors distributed around the world that is operated jointly with the US Geological Survey and through a subaward from IRIS to the University of California, San Diego. • The Program for Array Seismic Studies of the Continental Lithosphere supports Earth science experiments through loans of portable instrumentation and through support services. • The Data Management System collects, assesses, archives and distributes data from PASSCAL, the GSN, USGS networks, and other sources. • The Education and Outreach Program fosters broad use seismological data by teachers, students, museumgoers, and web/mobile device users . • Community Activities facilitate institutional collaboration to do geoscience research more effectively and to form partnerships that extend beyond seismology. Within each existing facility we propose to complete improvements that are already underway and to explore possibilities for modifying them to offer additional and better-integrated services. Our proposed improvements to the existing facilities come at a small increment to the costs of continuing operation of the facilities in their current form and are intended to produce manyfold returns in efficiency and scientific results.

INTELLECTUAL MERIT OF THE PROPOSED WORK Seismological Grand Challenges in Understanding Earth’s Dynamic Systems is a long-range plan for geosciences research. Seismology – the study of elastic waves in the Earth – affords us information about both the Earth’s interior and earthquakes at higher resolution than any other investigative tool. As shown in a collection of nearly 250 project descriptions appended to this proposal, IRIS services continue to facilitate numerous discoveries. And yet, Seismological Grand Challenges suggests that we are poised for profound and perhaps even more plentiful discoveries in the near future. Seismology is a rich source of information that, when coupled with other types of data in the growing number of interdisciplinary studies to which IRIS is committed, is likely to reveal previously unknown aspects of Earth history and dynamics.

BROADER IMPACTS OF THE PROPOSED WORK Seismology is among the most important of all disciplines of the geosciences for protecting society from natural disasters and discovering natural resources. IRIS services help to reduce or even avert disasters in the aftermath of earthquakes through preparation and rapid response based on better data, nearer to real time. The transience of earthquake signals combined with the availability of real time data from stations worldwide creates an immediacy in classrooms, museums and other learning fora that is rarely matched in presentations from other fields of science, and intuitively demonstrates benefits from international cooperation. The standard of data openness that IRIS has successfully fostered around the world enhances monitoring of nuclear tests, contributing directly to national security, and serves as an example of the benefits of data openness for other science disciplines, contributing indirectly to benefits from other data.!! !"#$%&'#()*+,*-./0/1/** !"#$%&'#()*+,*-./'2/3*4/#&0/"2'** !"#$%&'#()*+,*-+"/** -+"/*6(/(%*!"#$%&'#()** !"#$%&'#()*+,*-&2/"'/'*/(*7#((.%*8+92** -:0:&"*!"#$%&'#()** ;+#'%*6(/(%*!"#$%&'#()** ;+'(+"*<+..%=%** ;+'(+"*!"#$%&'#()** ;&+>"*!"#$%&'#()** /&%** C:2%*!"#$%&'#()** 4.+&#B/*?"(%&"/(#+"/.*!"#$%&'#()** Re: PEER Proposal !"#$%&'#()*+,*4.+&#B/** !"#$%&'#()*+,*F%+&=#/** F%+&=#/*?"'(#(:(%*+,*@%9A"+.+=)** G/&$/&B*!"#$%&'#()** Title: System of seismic monitoring for the future Rogun Hydroelectric Project !"#$%&'#()*+,*G/>/##*/(*E/"+/** !"#$%&'#()*+,*G+:'(+"** Institution: Geophysical Survey, Academy of Sciences, Republic of Tajikistan ?FHHI7/>&%"9%*7#$%&1+&%*J/(K*7/0K** ?FHHI7+'*-./1+'*J/(K*7/0K** PI: Sobit Negmatoullaev, Ph.D. ?B/A+*6(/(%*!"#$%&'#()** !"#$K*+,*?..#"+#'*/(*!&0/"/*&%"9%*;%&2%.%)*J/(K*7/0K* Institution: Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (the IRIS Consortium) 7%A#=A*!"#$%&'#()** 7+:#'#/"/*6(/(%*!"#$%&'#()** PI: David W. Simpson, Ph.D. E/9/.%'(%&*<+..%=%** E/''/9A:'%(('*?"'(#(:(%*+,*@%9A"+.+=)** !"#$%&'#()*+,*E%1LA#'** !"#$%&'#()*+,*E#/1#** E#/1#*!"#$%&'#()3*NA#+** !"#$%&'#()*+,*E#9A#=/"** E#9A#=/"*6(/(%*!"#$%&'#()** Dear Application Reviewers: E#9A#=/"*@%9A"+.+=#9/.*!"#$%&'#()** !"#$%&'#()*+,*E#""%'+(/** !"#$%&'#()*+,*E#''+:&#** !"#$%&'#()*+,*E#''+:&#*/(*8+../** E+"(/"/*@%9A*+,*(A%*!"#$K*+,*E+"(/"/** This is in strong support of the application being submitted by Dr. Sobit Negmatoullaev and !"#$%&'#()*+,*J%$/B/3*7/'*O%=/'** !"#$%&'#()*+,*J%$/B/3*8%"+** the Geophysical Survey, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan to the PEER Program. J%>*E%P#9+*?"'(K*+,*E#"#"=*Q*@%9A"+.+=)** J%>*E%P#9+*6(/(%*!"#$%&'#()** !"#$%&'#()*+,*J%>*N&.%/"'** The proposed work will enhance the on-going collaboration between IRIS and the 6(/(%*!"#$K*+,*J%>*R+&2*/(*;#"=A/1(+"** 6(/(%*!"#$K*+,*J%>*R+&2*/(*6(+")*;&++2** Geophysical Survey of Tajikistan to study earthquakes and Earth structure in this complex and J+&(A*%'(%&"*!"#$%&'#()** N2./A+1/*6(/(%*!"#$%&'#()** with the expansion of major hydroelectric schemes along the Vakhsh River. This project will @A%*!"#$%&'#()*+,*N2./A+1/** !"#$%&'#()*+,*N&%=+"** extend collaborations between the U.S. and Tajikistan started under a joint Soviet-U.S. Agreement N&%=+"*6(/(%*!"#$%&'#()** H%""').$/"#/*6(/(%*!"#$%&'#()** more than 30 years ago, and contribute to the critical understanding of large reservoir induced !"#$%&'#()*+,*H:%&(+*8#9+3*E/)/=:%5** H&#"9%(+"*!"#$%&'#()** seismicity and its impact in societal development in emerging economies. H:&B:%*!"#$%&'#()** 8%"''%./%&*H+.)(%9A"#9*?"'(#(:(%** 8#9%*!"#$%&'#()** This proposal is directly aligned with the responsibilities of IRIS under EAR-1063471, 8+9A%'(%&*!"#$%&'#()** 8:(=%&'3*6(/(%*!"#$K*+,*J%>*S%&'%)** which is the more recent of a 25-year series of Cooperative Agreements between IRIS and NSF to 6/#"(*7+:#'*!"#$%&'#()** 6/"*C#%=+*6(/(%*!"#$%&'#()** manage and operate facilities for instrumentation and data collection to support global research in 6/"*S+'%*6(/(%*!"#$%&'#()** seismology. A proposal for continuation of this facility support is currently under review and !"#$%&'#()*+,*6+:(A*/:2%%** !"#$%&'#()*+,*D#'9+"'#"3*N'A2+'A** D++B'*G+.%*N9%/"+=&/LA#9*?"'(#(:(#+"** I N C O R P O R A T E D R E S E A R C H I N S T I T U T I O N S F O R S E I S M O L O G Y D&#=A(*6(/(%*!"#$%&'#()** 1200 New York Avenue, NW ! Suite 800 ! Washington, DC 20005 ! Tel (202) 682-2220 ! Fax (202) 682-2444 ! http://www.iris.edu !"#$%&'#()*+,*D)+1#"=** R/.%*!"#$%&'#() * This proposal also includes a strong capacity building component through the organization of a workshop on modern methods of producing seismic data in the standard exchange formats defined by the International Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks (www.fdsn.org). Participants will gain all the necessary knowledge to set up and maintain regional databases and to link their seismic network to the growing global network for data access. This workshop will include participants from surrounding Central Asian countries to promote and enable data sharing across international boundaries, improving earthquake location and hazard monitoring capability in the region. We look forward to positive review of this proposal and the opportunity to continue to work with the Geophysical Survey in expanding their work on important aspects of seismic safety in Tajikistan and in making significant contributions to domestic and global seismological research.

Yours sincerely,

David Simpson, Ph.D. Timothy Ahern, Ph.D. President Director Data Services