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Pengaruh Pengetahuan Masyarakat Kota Pariaman Terhadap Minat Bertransaksi Di Lembaga Keuangan Syariah

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Pengaruh Pengetahuan Masyarakat Kota Pariaman Terhadap Minat Bertransaksi Di Lembaga Keuangan Syariah PENGARUH PENGETAHUAN MASYARAKAT KOTA PARIAMAN TERHADAP MINAT BERTRANSAKSI DI LEMBAGA KEUANGAN SYARIAH PROPOSAL SKRIPSI Ditulis Sebagai Syarat untuk Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana (S-1) Pada Jurusan Perbankan Syariah Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam IAIN Batusangkar ANGKI JEKI NIM: 14 202 009 MAHASISWA JURUSAN PERBANKAN SYARIAH FAKULTAS EKONOMI DAN BISNIS ISLAM INSTITUT AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI BATUSANGKAR 2018M/1439 H ABSTRAK ANGKI JEKI, NIM 14 202 009, judul skripsi “Pengaruh Pengetahuan Masyarakat Kota Pariaman Terhadap Minat Bertransaksi di Lembaga Keuangan Syariah”, Jurusan Perbankan Syariah Fakultas Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Batusangkar, tahun 2018. Pokok permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah lembaga keuangan syariah mulai diminati oleh masyarakat, terlebih pada orang-orang yang beragama Islam. Namun sedikit dari masyarakat yang mengetahui bagaimana operasional dan akad bank syariah yang menjadi pembeda dengan bank konvensional yang menggunakan sistem bunga. Karena pengetahuan masyarakat tentang lembaga keuangan syariah bisa berpotensi mempengaruhi minat masyarakat untuk bertransaksi di lembaga keuangan syariah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur pengaruh pengetahuan masyarakat Kota Pariaman terhadap minat bertransaksi di lembaga keuangan syariah. Jenis penelitian yang penulis lakukan adalah penelitian Field Research dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengambilan sampel adalah stratified sampling yaitu teknik pengambilan sampel dengan populasi yang memiliki tingkatan. Untuk mengumpulkan data peneliti menggunakan kuisioner atau angket. Alat uji yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan menggunakan metote regresi linier sederhana. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah penulis lakukan, pengetahuan masyarakat Kota Pariaman mempunyai pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap minat bertransaksi di lembaga keuangan syariah. Berdasarkan analisis pengujian hipotesis yang menunjukkan uji t pada pengujian antara variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen yaitu thitung > ttabel dimana thitung 6,876 dan ttabel 1,984 dan nilai signifikansi yang diperoleh yaitu 0,000 yang berarti nilai tersebut lebih kecil dari nilai alpha 0,05 (0,000<0,05), sehingga keputusannya adalah H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima, yaitu pengetahuan masyarakat Kota Pariaman berpengaruh signifikan terhadap minat bertransaksi di lembaga keuangan syariah. Besar pengaruh pengetahuan masarakat terhadap minat bertransaksi adalah sebesar 32,5% dan sisanya 67,5% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain diluar penelitian ini. Keyword: Pengetahuan masyarakat, Minat bertransaksi i DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN JUDUL HALAMAN KEASLIAN SKRIPSI HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING HALAMAN PENGESAHAN PENGUJI ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................. i DAFTAR ISI .......................................................................................................... ii DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................ iv DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................. v BAB I PENDAHULUAN A. Latar Belakang ............................................................................................. 1 B. Identifikasi Masalah ..................................................................................... 4 C. Batasan Masalah........................................................................................... 4 D. Perumusan masalah ...................................................................................... 5 E. Tujuan Penelitian ......................................................................................... 5 F. Manfaat dan Luaran Penelitian .................................................................... 5 1. Manfaat Penelitian .................................................................................... 5 2. Luaran Penelitian ...................................................................................... 5 BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA A. Landasan Teori ............................................................................................. 6 1. Lembaga Keuangan Syariah ..................................................................... 6 2. Pengetahuan ............................................................................................ 39 3. Minat ...................................................................................................... 51 B. Kajian Penelitian yang Relevan ................................................................. 59 C. Kerangka Berfikir....................................................................................... 61 D. Hipotesis ..................................................................................................... 62 BAB III METODE PENELITIAN A. Jenis Penelitian ........................................................................................... 63 B. Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian .................................................................... 63 C. Populasi dan Sampel .................................................................................. 64 1. Populasi .................................................................................................. 64 ii 2. Sampel .................................................................................................... 64 D. Definisi Operasional ............................................................................... 66 E. Pengembangan Instrumen ...................................................................... 66 F. Teknik Pengumpulan Data ..................................................................... 67 G. Teknik Analisa Data ........................................................................... 68 BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN A. Deskripsi Data ............................................................................................ 73 1. Gambaran Umum Kota Pariaman .......................................................... 73 2. Deskripsi Hasil Penelitian ...................................................................... 76 B. Pengujian Persyaratan Analisis .................................................................. 79 C. Uji Hipotesis .............................................................................................. 81 D. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian ..................................................................... 84 BAB V PENUTUP A. Kesimpulan ................................................................................................ 87 B. Saran ........................................................................................................... 87 DAFTAR PUSTAKA iii DAFTAR TABEL iv DAFTAR GAMBAR v BAB I PENDAHULUAN A. Latar Belakang Lembaga keuangan pada zaman yang modern ini sangat diperlukan dalam perekonomian sebagai perantara antara masyarakat yang kelebihan dana dan kelompok masyarakat yang memerlukan dana (Sumar’in, 2012:33). Menurut SK Menkeu RI No. 792 Tahun 1990, lembaga keuangan adalah badan keuangan yang melakukan penghimpunan dan penyaluran dana kepada masyarakat terutama guna membiayai inventasi perusahaan dan penyaluran dalam bentuk konsumsi atau distribusi barang dan jasa. Bila lembaga keuangan tersebut disandarkan kepada syariah, maka lembaga keuangan tersebut bergerak di bidang jasa keuangan yang berdasarkan prinsip syariah yang menghilangkan unsur-unsur yang dilarang dalam Islam, kemudian menggantikannya dengan akad-akad tradisional Islam atau yang lazim disebut dengan prinsip syariah (Mardani, 2015:2). UU No. 7 Tahun 1992 tentang perbankan merupakan cikal bakal lahirnya sistem keuangan dengan menggunakan sistem bagi hasil yang operasionalnya berlandaskan prinsip syariah. Pada tahun 1998 UU No. 7 Tahun 1992 diubah dengan UU No. 10 Tahun 1998 yang secara tegas mengakui keberadaan bank yang berdasarkan prinsip syariah disamping bank konvesional sehingga diberlakukan sistem perbankan ganda (dual banking syistem). Setelah itu lambat laun berkembang praktek ekonomi syariah di Indonesia, baik dalam bentuk lembaga keuangan bank maupun lembaga keuangan nonbank. Praktek ekonomi syariah di Indonesia tersebut berdasarkan kepada fatwa DSN, Kompilasi hukum Ekonomi Syariah, PBI, peraturan ketua Bapepam LK, Edaran Bank Indonesia, dan peraturan perundang-undangan. Dengan perkembangan yang sangat signifikan perbankan syariah di Indonesia, maka pemerintah mengeluarkan Undang-undang tersendiri yang mengatur tentang Perbankan Syariah, yaitu UU No. 21 Tahun 2008 yang 1 2 semakin menguatkan posisi lembaga keuangan syariah di Indonesia (Mardani, 2015:18). Lembaga keuangan syariah akan semakin tinggi lagi pertumbuhannya apabila masyarakat mempunyai permintaan dan antusias yang tinggi dikarenakan faktor peningkatan pemahaman dan pengetahuan tentang lembaga keuangan syariah, disamping faktor penyebab lainnya. Oleh karena itu, upaya untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang lembaga keuangan syariah menjadi isu strategi dalam pengembanagan lembaga keuangan syariah di masa yang akan datang. Semakain baik pengetahuan tentang lembaga keuangan syariah semakin tinggi kemungkinan untuk bertransaksi di lembaga keuangan syariah. Kurangnya pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat mengenai keuangan syariah dapat berdampak pada persepsi negatif masyarakat mengenai lembaga keuangan syariah itu sendiri. Disamping itu juga dikarenakan masyarakat indonesia sudah terbiasa dengan lembaga keuangan konvensional
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