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Power in Indonesia: Investment and Taxation Guide 5 Term Definition Power In Indonesia Investment and Taxation Guide November 2018, 6th Edition Extensively revised and updated, including new 2018 regulations www.pwc.com/id Photo source : PT Vale Indonesia Tbk Cover photo courtesy of: UPC Sidrap Bayu Energi DISCLAIMER: This publication has been prepared for general guidance on matters of interest only, and does not constitute professional advice. You should not act upon the information contained in this publication without obtaining specific professional advice. No representation or warranty (express or implied) is given as to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained in this publication, and, to the extent permitted by law, KAP Tanudiredja, Wibisana, Rintis & Rekan, PT Prima Wahana Caraka, PT PricewaterhouseCoopers Indonesia Advisory, PT PricewaterhouseCoopers Consulting Indonesia, or Melli Darsa & Co., Advocates & Legal Consultants, its members, employees, and agents do not accept or assume any liability, responsibility, or duty of care for any consequences of you or anyone else acting, or refraining to act, in reliance upon the information contained in this publication or for any decision based on it. NOTE: Totals in tables and charts may not add due to rounding differences. Regulatory information is current to 31 August 2018. Contents Glossary 4 Foreword 8 1 Overview of the Indonesian Power Sector 12 2 Legal and Regulatory Framework 34 3 IPP Investment in Indonesia 58 4 Conventional Energy 82 5 Renewable Energy 108 6 Taxation Considerations 144 7 Accounting Considerations 160 Appendices 180 Map: Major Power Plants and Transmission Lines 189 Glossary Term Definition APLSI The Independent Power Producers Association (Asosiasi Produsen Listrik Swasta Indonesia) B2B Business-to-Business Bappenas National Development Planning Agency (Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional) BBTUD Billions British Thermal Units per Day BKPM Investment Coordinating Board (Badan Koordinasi Penanaman Modal) BLU Public Service Agency (Badan Layanan Umum) BOO Build Own Operate BOOT Build Own Operate Transfer BOT Build Operate Transfer BPJS Social Security Agency (Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial) BPP Electricity Generation Cost (Biaya Pokok Pembangkitan) CJPP Central Java Power Plant CMM Coal Mine-Mouth CNG Compressed Natural Gas COD Commercial Operation Date DGE Directorate General of Electricity (Direktorat Jenderal Ketenagalistrikan) DGNREEC Directorate General of New and Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation DGT Directorate General of Tax DPR House of Representatives (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat) EBIT Earnings Before Interest and Taxes EBITDA Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortisation EBTKE New and Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation (Energi Baru, Terbarukan dan Konservasi Energi) E&E Exploration and Evaluation EPC Engineering, Procurement and Construction FM Force Majeure FSRU Floating Storage Regasification Unit FTP I The fast track programme introduced in 2006, mandating PLN to build 10 GW of coal-fired plants across Indonesia 4 PwC Term Definition FTP II The fast track programme introduced in 2010 for building 10 GW of power plants focusing on renewable energy sources and IPP involvement GEUDP Geothermal Energy Upstream Development Project Government Government of Indonesia (Central Government) GR Government Regulation (PP or Peraturan Pemerintah) GSF Geothermal Support Fund GW Gigawatt (1,000 MW) HBA Coal Reference Price (Harga Batubara Acuan) HPB Coal Benchmark Price (Harga Patokan Batubara) ICP Indonesian Crude Price IDR Indonesian Rupiah IEA International Energy Agency IFRIC International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee IFRS/IAS International Financial Reporting Standards/International Accounting Standards IIGF Indonesian Infrastructure Guarantee Fund (also known as PT Penjaminan Infrastruktur Indonesia - “PTPII”) INAGA Indonesia Geothermal Association Indonesian ASB Indonesian Accounting Standards Board IO Operating Licence for Generating Electricity for Own Use (Izin Operasi, sometimes referred to as Izin untuk Mengoperasikan Instalasi Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik untuk Kepentingan Sendiri - “IUKS”) IPB Geothermal Licence under the 2014 Law (Izin Panas Bumi) IPP Independent Power Producer ISAK Interpretation of Indonesian Financial Accounting Standards (Interpretasi Standar Akuntansi Keuangan) IUJPTL Electricity Supporting Services Licence (Izin Usaha Jasa Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik) IUP Mining Business Licence (Izin Usaha Pertambangan) IUPK Special Mining Business Licence (Izin Usaha Pertambangan Khusus) Power in Indonesia: Investment and Taxation Guide 5 Term Definition IUPTL Electricity Supply Business Licence (Izin Usaha Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik, sometimes referred to as Izin untuk Melakukan Usaha Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik untuk Kepentingan Umum - “IUKU”) IUPTLS Temporary Electricity Supply Business Permit (Izin Usaha Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik Sementara) JBIC Japan Bank for International Cooperation JOC Joint Operation Contract KPPIP The Committee for the Acceleration of Prioritised Infrastructure Development (Komite Percepatan Penyediaan Infrastruktur Prioritas) km Kilometre kWh Kilowatt hour kV Kilovolt LMAN State Assets Management Agency (Lembaga Manajemen Aset Negara) LNG Liquefied Natural Gas METI Indonesian Renewable Energy Society (Masyarakat Energi Terbarukan Indonesia) MKI The Indonesian Electrical Power Society (Masyarakat Ketenagalistrikan Indonesia) MMBOE Million Barrels of Oil Equivalent MMBtu Millions of British thermal units MMSCFD Millions of Standard Cubic Feet per Day MoEMR Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (Kementerian Energi dan Sumberdaya Mineral) MoF Ministry of Finance (Kementerian Keuangan) MoSOE Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises (Kementerian Badan Usaha Milik Negara) MoPW Ministry of Public Works and People’s Housing (Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat) MoU Memorandum of Understanding MSW Municipal Solid Waste MTOE Million Tonnes of Oil Equivalent MVA Megavolt Amperes MW Megawatts NEP National Energy Policy NRE New and Renewable Energy O&M Operations and Maintenance OJK Otoritas Jasa Keuangan OSS Online Single Submission 6 PwC Term Definition PKUK Authorised Holder of an Electricity Business Licence under the 1985 Electricity Law (Pemegang Kuasa Usaha Ketenagalistrikan) PLN The State-owned electricity company (PT Perusahaan Listrik Negara) POME Palm Oil Mill Effluent PPA Power Purchase Agreement PPP Public-Private Partnership PPU Private Power Utility (electricity generated for own use) PR Presidential Regulation (Perpres or Peraturan Presiden) PSAK Indonesian Financial Accounting Standards (Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan) PSP Preliminary Geothermal Survey Assignment (Penugasan Survey Pendahuluan) PSPE Preliminary Geothermal Survey and Exploration Assignment (Penugasan Survey Pendahuluan dan Eksplorasi) PT IIF PT Indonesia Infrastruktur Financing (a subsidiary of PT SMI) PT PII PT Penjaminan Infrastruktur Indonesia (also known as the IIGF) PT SMI PT Sarana Multi Infrastruktur (a fund set up to support infrastructure financing in Indonesia) PTSP One-Stop Services (Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu) RUKD Regional Electricity General Plan (Rencana Umum Ketenagalistrikan Daerah) RUKN National Electricity General Plan (Rencana Umum Ketenagalistrikan Nasional) RUPTL Electricity Supply Business Plan (Rencana Usaha Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik) SHP Small Hydropower SOE State-Owned Enterprise SPC Special Purpose Company TKDN Local content (Tingkat Komponen Dalam Negeri) TP Transfer Pricing TSCF Trillions of Standard Cubic Feet TWh TeraWatt hours USD US Dollar US GAAP US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles VAT Value Added Tax WHT Withholding Tax Power in Indonesia: Investment and Taxation Guide 7 Foreword Welcome to the sixth edition of the PwC Indonesia Power in Indonesia: Investment and Taxation“ Guide. This Guide has been written as a general investment and taxation guide for all stakeholders and those interested in the power sector in Indonesia. We have therefore endeavoured to create a Guide which can be of use to existing investors, potential investors, and others with an interest in the status of this economically critical sector for Indonesia. This edition of the Guide has been updated to reflect the regulations issued in late 2017 to mid 2018 (which are notably fewer and less substantial than last year). However, in this edition we have placed a greater focus on the tracking of actual transactions and project implementation, particularly in light of the wave of Power Purchase Agreements (“PPAs”) signed last year. We hope readers find our comments on these developments helpful but reinforce the interpretational uncertainty that exists around the regulatory environment in Indonesia. As outlined in the table of contents, this publication is broken down into chapters which cover the following broad topics: • An overview of the Indonesian Power Sector; • An overview of the legal and regulatory framework; • A detailed look at the status of Independent Power Producer (“IPP”) investment; • An outline of the use of conventional energy sources; • A dedicated section on renewable energy; • An outline of key tax issues; and • An outline of key accounting issues. As many readers will be aware, Indonesia’s power infrastructure needs substantial investment if it is not to inhibit Indonesia’s economic growth. In many parts of the country the generating capacity – which currently stands at around 60.7 GW – struggles to keep up with electricity demand. Blackouts remain common across Sumatera, Kalimantan, Sulawesi
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