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The Quest for the Northwest Passage
NOVA DANIA THE QUEST FOR THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE SUZANNE CARLSON With considerable envy, the seventeenth century King of Denmark, Christian IV, watched the scramble to discover the elusive passage over Polar regions to lay claim to the riches of Cathay. This article will follow the fate of Christian’s early seventeenth century New World foothold, Nova Dania, through the cartographic record, speculating on what and when the Danes might have known about the then frozen northwest passage. An essential piece in this story is the amazing tale of Jens Munk, a merchant adventurer in the King’s service. For the cyber traveler, opportunities have reached a new zenith with Google Earth (FIGURE 1). I find myself cruising at 35,000 feet over the Alps, the Arabian Desert, up the Dania Nova Amazon, and to one of my favorite armchair destinations, FIGURE 2. JUSTUS DANCKERT’S TOTIUS AMERICAE DESCRIPTIO, the Arctic. With your AMSTERDAM, CA. 1680. VESTERGOTLANDS MUSEET, GOTHENBURG, SWEDEN Google joy stick, PART I - MAPPING NOVA DANIA you are able to glide with ease through the newly open waters With addictive zeal I searched map after map until I finally of the Northwest spotted it again: this time with the name reversed into Nova Passage. Dania (New Denmark). And there was more. Mer Cristian, Mare Christianum, or Christians Sea, depending on the Before the days of FIGURE 1. NORTHERN CANADA AND language appeared in what is now Fox Basin. Later, Nova GREENLAND. GOOGLE EARTH, 2006 satellite imaging, we Dania abandoned its Latin pretensions and became Nouvelle were content with and Denmarque and, as time went on, its location began to fascinated by maps, maps of unknown exotic places, maps wander—north into Buttons Bay, west into the interior, and showing nations or would-be empires. -
ARCTIC Exploration the SEARCH for FRANKLIN
CATALOGUE THREE HUNDRED TWENTY-EIGHT ARCTIC EXPLORATION & THE SeaRCH FOR FRANKLIN WILLIAM REESE COMPANY 409 Temple Street New Haven, CT 06511 (203) 789-8081 A Note This catalogue is devoted to Arctic exploration, the search for the Northwest Passage, and the later search for Sir John Franklin. It features many volumes from a distinguished private collection recently purchased by us, and only a few of the items here have appeared in previous catalogues. Notable works are the famous Drage account of 1749, many of the works of naturalist/explorer Sir John Richardson, many of the accounts of Franklin search expeditions from the 1850s, a lovely set of Parry’s voyages, a large number of the Admiralty “Blue Books” related to the search for Franklin, and many other classic narratives. This is one of 75 copies of this catalogue specially printed in color. Available on request or via our website are our recent catalogues: 320 Manuscripts & Archives, 322 Forty Years a Bookseller, 323 For Readers of All Ages: Recent Acquisitions in Americana, 324 American Military History, 326 Travellers & the American Scene, and 327 World Travel & Voyages; Bulletins 36 American Views & Cartography, 37 Flat: Single Sig- nificant Sheets, 38 Images of the American West, and 39 Manuscripts; e-lists (only available on our website) The Annex Flat Files: An Illustrated Americana Miscellany, Here a Map, There a Map, Everywhere a Map..., and Original Works of Art, and many more topical lists. Some of our catalogues, as well as some recent topical lists, are now posted on the internet at www.reeseco.com. -
Final Complete Dissertation Kua 1
Trends and Ontology of Artistic Practices of the Dorset Culture 800 BC - 1300 AD Hardenberg, Mari Publication date: 2013 Document version Early version, also known as pre-print Citation for published version (APA): Hardenberg, M. (2013). Trends and Ontology of Artistic Practices of the Dorset Culture 800 BC - 1300 AD. København: Det Humanistiske Fakultet, Københavns Universitet. Download date: 08. Apr. 2020 Trends and Ontology of Artistic Practices of the Dorset Culture 800 BC – 1300 AD Volume 1 By © Mari Hardenberg A Dissertation Submitted to the Ph.d.- School In Partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy SAXO-Institute, Department of Prehistoric Archaeology, Faculty of Humanities University of Copenhagen August 2013 Copenhagen Denmark ABSTRACT This dissertation examines the various artistic carvings produced by the hunter-gatherer Dorset people who occupied the eastern Arctic and temperate regions of Canada and Greenland between circa BC 800 – AD 1300. It includes considerations on how the carved objects affected and played a role in Dorset social life. To consider the role of people, things and other beings that may be said to play as actors in interdependent entanglements of actions, the agency/actor- network theory is employed. From this theoretical review an interpretation of social life as created by the ways people interact with the material world is presented. This framework is employed as a lens into the social role and meaning the carvings played in the Dorset society. The examined assemblages were recovered from a series of Dorset settlement sites, mainly in house, midden, and burial contexts, providing a substantive case study through which variations and themes of carvings are studied. -
The Quest for the Northwest Passage, by James P. Delgado
REVIEWS • 323 learn the identity of what they have been reading up to that BRAY, E.F. de. 1992. A Frenchman in search of Franklin: De point. The document identified as HBCA E.37/3, which Bray’s Arctic journal, 1852–1854. Edited by William Barr. Barr, following Anderson, refers to as a full journal Toronto and Buffalo: University of Toronto Press. (p. 166, n.1), turns out to be what I would call Anderson’s PELLY, D. 1981. Expedition: An Arctic journey through history on field notes, written daily during the expedition. In con- George Back’s River. Toronto: Betelgeuse. trast, the document that Barr has referred to in footnotes as the “fair copy of Anderson’s journal” (HBCA B.200/a/ I.S. MacLaren 31), although based on those field notes, was written after Canadian Studies Program the expedition: it shows signs of revision and narrative Department of Political Science polish. Barr’s use of the term journal to refer to both University of Alberta documents is misleading, as it blurs that important distinc- Edmonton, Alberta, Canada tion. Furthermore, justification for subordinating Stewart’s T6G 2H4 journal (Provincial Archives of Alberta 74.1/137) to Anderson’s is rendered only implicitly: Stewart’s is “gen- erally less detailed than” Anderson’s (p. 166–167). One is ACROSS THE TOP OF THE WORLD: THE QUEST FOR left to infer that the editing accords with the chain of THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE. By JAMES P. DELGADO. command, Stewart being Anderson’s junior. None of these Vancouver and Toronto: Douglas & McIntyre, 1999. -
An Evaluation Report of Shrub Roses Richard G
Issue 11, 1997 Plant Evaluation Notes An Evaluation Report of Shrub Roses Richard G. Hawke, Coordinator of Plant Evaluation Programs he popularity of roses is centuries old, over 80 hybrids of English roses with blos- Midwestern landscapes with hardy, disease- but the care and attention required to soms in pastels, rich pinks, reds, purples and resistant plants. Both breeding programs have Tgrow hybrid roses successfully may no yellows. Many of these “old-fashioned” plants produced a broad palette of shrub roses for longer fit the lifestyle of today’s gardeners. are now in the United States and gaining pop- many uses—for growing singly, for including Roses that require less maintenance and fewer ularity with modern gardeners. in shrub and mixed borders or for massing and biocides to provide a brilliant show are now At the same time, two Agriculture naturalizing. Modern shrub roses hold the more important to gardeners, homeowners and Canada breeding programs were developing promise of being better plants for today’s land- landscapers. The solution to this challenge winter-hardy shrub roses for Northern land- scapes. But which shrub roses are best suited may be modern shrub roses with their lower scapes. The Explorer series, bred in Ottawa, for the gardens of the northern Midwest? Ontario, recognizes famous explorers in maintenance requirements, increased disease Evaluation Project Canada’s history. These roses are of three resistance, greater winter hardiness and, of The English, Explorer and Parkland roses types—Rosa rugosa hybrid, shrub and course, the blossoms that are highly cherished. were developed to expand the availability of climber. -
Download Polar Tragedies Presentation And
Ten stories of polar tragedies 1. Merchant adventurers to New Lands (1553–56) 2. Willem Barents (three expeditions 1594–97) 3. Jens Munk (the search for the Northwest Passage 1619–20) 4. James Knight (towards the Northwest Passage 1719–21) 5. Vitus Bering (to the Bering Strait 1725–41) 6. The Franklin expedition (1845–48) 7. The Mystery in the Swedish house (1872–73) 8. The Jeanette expedition (1879–82) 9. Andrée's Arctic balloon expedition (1897) 10. Robert F. Scott and the race to the South Pole (1911–12) Polar Tragedies On arrogance, the spirit of adventure and polar exploration’s greatest failures – 272 pages. Odd Harald Hauge Polar exploration’s greatest tragedies and mysteries are a fascinating blend of courage, arrogance and ignorance. In search of honour, fame and fortune, polar explorers travelled to the outer edges of the known world – but never returned. But what lies behind these tragedies? What made an 80-year-old take a team of forty men to Canada on a hunt for gold in the year 1720? How could 17 healthy men die in a newly built house full of food? How could an illegitimate child from Arendal become a Danish war hero and iconic hero of polar exploration? This book presents both the famous and unknown stories – from Willem Barentsz in 1596, via Vitus Bering and seven other expeditions, to the race between Scott and Amundsen. This is the first time these stories have been presented together in context. About the author Odd Harald Hauge (b. 1956) was educated as a business economist. -
Information to Users
INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. ProQuest Information and Learning 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 USA 800-521-0600 UMT UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA GRADUATE COLLEGE HOME ONLY LONG ENOUGH: ARCTIC EXPLORER ROBERT E. PEARY, AMERICAN SCIENCE, NATIONALISM, AND PHILANTHROPY, 1886-1908 A Dissertation SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE FACULTY in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy By KELLY L. LANKFORD Norman, Oklahoma 2003 UMI Number: 3082960 UMI UMI Microform 3082960 Copyright 2003 by ProQuest Information and Learning Company. All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Titie 17, United States Code. ProQuest Information and Learning Company 300 North Zeeb Road P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 c Copyright by KELLY LARA LANKFORD 2003 All Rights Reserved. -
Explorer Roses
Explorer Roses Agriculture Canada began a rose breeding program in the 1960s under the direction of breeder Felicitas Svejda. Her objective was to use roses from earlier efforts and cross them with newly developed roses from Europe to create a series of roses that would be hardy, disease resistant, repeat blooming and easy to propagate from cuttings. A key component in this program was a new hybrid, Rosa kordessii, developed by the firm of Kordes in Germany. This rose was a relatively hardy pillar rose with long, vigorous shoots and exceedingly healthy foliage. Dr. Svejda also used several repeat blooming and compact Rosa rugosa varieties such as 'Fru Dagmar Hastrup' and 'Schneezwerg'. The results of this ambitious program have forever changed northern rose gardens. (Bob Osborne, Corn Hill Nursery, Petitcodiac, NB) Alexander MacKenzie Alexander MacKenzie is a tall, upright, vigorous shrub introduced in 1985. The plant reaches a height of 1.5 - 2.0 m and has a diameter of 1.2 - 1.5 m in Ottawa. It is winter-hardy, flowers recurrently, and is highly resistant to blackspot and powdery mildew. The deep red, cup-shaped flowers, produced in clusters of 6 - 12, have an average diameter of 6 - 7 cm and 40 - 50 petals. The flowers closely resemble those of a grandiflora or hybrid tea rose, but the plant has the distinct advantage of being much hardier. The rose propagates easily from softwood stem cuttings. This selection has been tested at Ottawa since 1972 and at other test locations in Canada, since 1978. It survives the winters in zone 3b without protection, but needs some pruning of deadwood in the spring. -
Jens' Father Erik Makes More Enemies the Portuguese Period of Munk's
The Jens Munk story By John Bechtel ~ Freelance Writer among both the peasants and the The Portuguese period of Munk’s life llegitimacy cast a long nobles. He forgot that the hands At the age of 12, in 1591, Jens Munk shipped out to Oporto, Portugal. The shadow in the early you trample on the way up could Reformation era. A expedite your way back down. Erik century following Christopher Columbus’s discovery of America in 1492 I acquired many properties, and the had been a golden age for Portugal. They had discovered and conquered one continent after another, and at one time controlled much of India, Africa, and bastard child, Jens Munk king finally knighted him, but his South America. Their discoveries came so fast, it was becoming a problem was born to affluence on enemies were patient and waited for finding names for all of them, and the Portuguese began naming places after the the propitious moment to strike. June 3, 1579, when both date on which they were discovered. Under relentless accusation Shakespeare and Galileo Cristóvão Jacques discovered Bahia, in of foul play, fraud, and abuse of what is now Brazil, on November 1st, were 15 years old. The the king’s property, Erik Munk All Saints’ Day. So it was named Bahia, events of Jens’ early life finally lost all of his fiefs on the which means “bay” and the full name order of King Frederick, much presaged everything that of the place became “City of the Holy like a sheriff repossessing your Savior on the Bay of All Saints.” When came later. -
The Following Section on Early History Was Written by Professor William (Bill) Barr, Arctic Historian, the Arctic Institute of North America, University of Calgary
The following section on early history was written by Professor William (Bill) Barr, Arctic Historian, The Arctic Institute of North America, University of Calgary. Prof. Barr has published numerous books and articles on the history of exploration of the Arctic. In 2006, William Barr received a Lifetime Achievement Award for his contributions to the recorded history of the Canadian North from the Canadian Historical Association. As well, Prof. Barr, a known admirer of Russian Arctic explorers, has been credited with making known to the wider public the exploits of Polar explorations by Russia and the Soviet Union. HISTORY OF ARCTIC SHIPPING UP UNTIL 1945 Northwest Passage The history of the search for a navigable Northwest Passage by ships of European nations is an extremely long one, starting as early as 1497. Initially the aim of the British and Dutch was to find a route to the Orient to grab their share of the lucrative trade with India, Southeast Asia and China, till then monopolized by Spain and Portugal which controlled the route via the Cape of Good Hope. In 1497 John Cabot (Giovanni Caboto), sponsored by King Henry VII of England, sailed from Bristol in Mathew; he made a landfall variously identified as on the coast of Newfoundland or of Cape Breton, but came no closer to finding the Passage (Williamson 1962). Over the following decade or so, he was followed (unsuccessfully) by the Portuguese seafarers Gaspar Corte Real and his brother Miguel, and also by John Cabot’s brother Sebastian, who some theorize, penetrated Hudson Strait (Hoffman 1961). The first expeditions in search of the Northwest Passage that are definitely known to have reached the Arctic were those of the English captain, Martin Frobisher in 1576, 1577 and 1578 (Collinson 1867; Stefansson 1938). -
Jens Munk: the Story of a Sailor Who Embraced His Fate
The Bridge Volume 8 Number 2 1/1/1985 Article 6 1985 Jens Munk: The Story of a Sailor Who Embraced His Fate Inga W. Wiehl Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/thebridge Part of the European History Commons, European Languages and Societies Commons, and the Regional Sociology Commons Recommended Citation Wiehl, Inga W. (1985) "Jens Munk: The Story of a Sailor Who Embraced His Fate," The Bridge: Vol. 8 : No. 2 , Article 6. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/thebridge/vol8/iss2/6 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Bridge by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Jens Munk: The Story of a Sailor Who Embraced His Fate INTRODUCTION "Jens Munk was one of the intrepid sixteenth-century explorers who navigated the Arctic seas with inadequate ships, faulty charts and primitive instruments. He was also one of the few who survived the arduous search for the Northwest Passage, who reached Hudson Bay in 1619, wintered there, buried most of his crew, and by a supreme effort of will and skill made the voyage home with the two crewmen left to him. " by INGA W. WIEHL During my brother's two year term as a conscientious objector, he was employed by the Danish National Museum to restore artifacts. One such was Jens Munk's hat. That is how I became acquainted with that great Renaissance sailor and leader of men. -
Hakluyt-Society-Publications.Pdf
HAKLUYT SOCIETY Annual Talks and Lectures Payne, A., Richard Hakluyt and his Books and Neville-Sington, P.A.; Payne, A., An Interim Census of Surviving Copies of Hakluyt’s ‘Divers Voyages’ and ‘Principal Navigations’, Hakluyt Society Annual Talk 1996 (1997) McDermott, J., The Navigation of the Frobisher Journals, Hakluyt Society Annual Talk 1997 (1998) Tyacke, S., Before Empire. The English World Picture in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, Hakluyt Society Annual Lecture 2000 (2001) Savours, A., The North West Passage in the Nineteenth Century. Perils and Pastimes of a Winter in the Ice, Hakluyt Society Annual Lecture 2002 (2003) Lorimer, J., Untruth and Consequences: Raleigh’s ‘Discoverie of Guiana’ and the ‘salting’ of the gold mine, Hakluyt Society Annual Lecture 2006 (2007) Ramos, M.J., Pedro Páez’s ‘History of Ethiopia’: ON Exploration, Refutation and Censorship, Hakluyt Society Annual Lecture 2011 (2012) Schwarz, S., ‘A Just and Honourable Commerce’: Abolitionist Experimentation in Sierra Leone in the Late Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries, Hakluyt Society Annual Lecture 2013 (2014) Withers, C.W.J., Geographies of the Prime Meridien, Hakluyt Society Annual Lecture 2014 (2015) Fuller, M.C., Experiments in Reading Richard Hakluyt’s ‘Principal Navigations’, The Hakluyt Society Annual Lecture 2016. Das, N., Sir Thomas Roe: Eyewitnesses to a Changing World, The Hakluyt Society Annual Lecture 2017. Fury, C., The Inpact of Physical, Spiritual & Mental Health on Shipboard Order in the Early English east India Company Voyages,