DOCSLIB.ORG

Village-Based Spatio-Temporal Cluster Analysis of the Schistosomiasis Risk

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Village-Based Spatio-Temporal Cluster Analysis of the Schistosomiasis Risk Xia et al. Parasites & Vectors (2017) 10:136 DOI 10.1186/s13071-017-2059-y RESEARCH Open Access Village-based spatio-temporal cluster analysis of the schistosomiasis risk in the Poyang Lake Region, China Congcong Xia1,2,3,4, Robert Bergquist5, Henry Lynn1,2,3,4, Fei Hu6, Dandan Lin6, Yuwan Hao7, Shizhu Li7*, Yi Hu1,2,3,4* and Zhijie Zhang1,2,3,4* Abstract Background: The Poyang Lake Region, one of the major epidemic sites of schistosomiasis in China, remains a severe challenge. To improve our understanding of the current endemic status of schistosomiasis and to better control the transmission of the disease in the Poyang Lake Region, it is important to analyse the clustering pattern of schistosomiasis and detect the hotspots of transmission risk. Results: Based on annual surveillance data, at the village level in this region from 2009 to 2014, spatial and temporal cluster analyses were conducted to assess the pattern of schistosomiasis infection risk among humans through purely spatial(LocalMoran’s I, Kulldorff and Flexible scan statistic) and space-time scan statistics (Kulldorff). A dramatic decline was found in the infection rate during the study period, which was shown to be maintained at a low level. The number of spatial clusters declined over time and were concentrated in counties around Poyang Lake, including Yugan, Yongxiu, Nanchang, Xingzi, Xinjian, De’an as well as Pengze, situated along the Yangtze River and the most serious area found in this study. Space-time analysis revealed that the clustering time frame appeared between 2009 and 2011 and the most likely cluster with the widest range was particularly concentrated in Pengze County. Conclusions: This study detected areas at high risk for schistosomiasis both in space and time at the village level from 2009 to 2014 in Poyang Lake Region. The high-risk areas are now more concentrated and mainly distributed at the river inflows Poyang Lake and along Yangtze River in Pengze County. It was assumed that the water projects including reservoirs and a recently breached dyke in this area were partly to blame. This study points out that attempts to reduce the negative effects of water projects in China should focus on the Poyang Lake Region. Keywords: Schistosomiasis, Spatio-temporal, Poyang Lake Region, China Background the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1994 Intestinal schistosomiasis caused by infection with S. [4]. Over the past 60 years, China has been taking effect- japonicum, a water-borne parasitic disease, has brought ive steps towards eliminating Schistosoma japonicum [5]. about significant economic and public health concerns During 1992–2001, the World Bank committed a loan in south-east Asia [1, 2] with a history of more than of 71 million US dollars that was expanded by matching 2100 years in China [3]. Epidemiological surveys showed funds at the same level from the Government of China that approximately 100 million people were at risk, with for schistosomiasis control mainly based on chemother- up to 12 million being infected with schistosomiasis, at apy and snail control. These measures reduced the prevalence by over 50% [6], while the further emphasis of control activities through a revised strategy was initi- * Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] 7National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control ated from 2005 based on new diagnostic techniques, and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of replacement of cows with machines and a boost of Health, Shanghai 200032, China health education made further significant progress in 1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China controlling this disease [6]. According to the latest Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2017 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. Xia et al. Parasites & Vectors (2017) 10:136 Page 2 of 10 report in 2014, the number of people infected was esti- we also applied a new spatial scan statistic method mated to be 115,614, which was a decrease of 83.4% since (Flexible scan statistic). 2000 [7]. Meanwhile, of the 12 endemic provinces located In this study, S. japonicum prevalence data at the along the Yangtze River, five (Shanghai, Zhejiang, Fujian, village level from 2009 to 2014 in Jiangxi Province, Guangdong, Guangxi) reached transmission interruption China, was evaluated to analyse the spatial and criterion, and four (Sichuan, Yunnan, Jiangsu, Hubei) temporal clustering of schistosomiasis, using the three reached transmission control criterion [8]. methods mentioned above to help improve our Despite the remarkable success achieved in schisto- understanding of the current endemic status in the somiasis control in China through the measures men- Poyang Lake Region. tioned, schistosomiasis remains a serious problem in the lake and marshland regions, especially along the middle of the Yangtze River basin (including both Dongting and Methods Poyang Lakes). Contributing factors are the parasite’s Study area complicated transmission process based on a snail inter- Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China, is situ- mediate host, anthropogenic environment transform- ated in the northern part of Jiangxi Province and near the ation and regional climate change [5, 9, 10]. It has been southern bank of the middle and lower reaches of River estimated that people infected with S. japonicum in Yangtze (Fig. 1). Five main tributaries, rivers Gan, Fu, Xiu, swamp and lake areas account for approximately 86% of Rao and Xin, flow into Poyang Lake. Poyang Lake is a typ- the total number in the whole country [11]. Poyang Lake ical seasonal water-land transition lake with dramatic Region, which includes the largest freshwater lake in intra-annual fluctuation of the water level (historically China, constitutes the largest continuous area endemic ranging from 7.1 m in the winter dry season to 19.0 m in for schistosomiasis in the country and was historically the summer rainy season) [20], leading to a variation of reported with 2.5 million people at risk for infection and lake coverage from around 500 km2 in the winter to a 340,000 infected [12]. peak of approximately 4125 km2 in the summer [21]. The year 2016 represents the aftermath of the preced- During flooding, water recharges from River Yangtze, ing year’s ultra-strong El Nino [13] and, the climate has while it is deficient at the other extreme of the season, been extraordinarily complex with 27 rainstorms since which generates flood plains from April to September the flooding season according to the National Climate and a landscape of marshlands from November to early Center in China [14]. The water level at the Hukou March [12]. These dramatic variations of the water hydrometric station in Poyang Lake was 1.18 m higher level along with the humid, subtropical monsoon in than last year at the corresponding period, and flooding Jiangxi Province govern the distribution of the parasite’s disasters occurred in Jiangxi Province including Poyang, intermediate snail host O. hupensis [22]. Duchang, Yongxiu Counties. Flooding impacts the schis- This study covered the core region surrounding the tosomiasis situation negatively and, indeed, the number lake with about 18 endemic counties, including 1374 ad- of acute cases of the disease have been markedly higher ministrative villages. The latitude and longitude coordi- in years characterised by flooding [15]. Investigation of nates of each village were obtained by a handheld Global cluster patterns is therefore distinctly important for Position System (GPS) instrument (MobileMapper10, implementing control measures during and after floods. Thales Navigation, Paris, France). It is widely acknowledged that the epidemiology of S. japonicum infections has a particular spatial char- acteristic in China because it depends on the pres- Calculation of infection rates ence of a sole intermediate host snail, Oncomelania Village-level data on schistosomiasis endemicity in hu- hupensis, whose specific climatic and environmental man from 2009 to 2014 were collected and processed. conditions for reproduction governs the distribution The database was setup under annually conventional of schistosomiasis [16–18]. Recent advancement of surveillance in each endemic village of Jiangxi Province. specific spatial analysis tools, such as SaTScan and A two-step diagnostic approach confirmed human FlexScan facilitate the investigation of schistosomiasis’ infection with schistosomiasis. Residents in endemic epidemiological patterns in space and time at scales villages were first screened by the indirect haemagglu- varying from local to regional [17]. In previous stud- tination (IHA) serology test and those found to be ies [6, 19], spatial clusters of schistosomiasis have positive were further tested by the faecal Kato-Katz ever been detected in endemic areas, but they only parasitological test, currently the gold standard for made use of traditional spatial scan statistics as SaTS- diagnosis of S. japonicum [23]. can spatial scan and Local Moran’sI.Consideringthat In this study, one indicator was calculated to reflect the extent of these clusters are commonly irregular, the endemic risk with the following formula: Xia et al. Parasites & Vectors (2017) 10:136 Page 3 of 10 Fig. 1 Location of the study area and the spatial distribution of survey data. Poyang Lake is situated in the northern part of Jiangxi Province and near the southern bank of the middle and lower reaches of River Yangtze.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Lithofacies Palaeogeography of the Late Permian Wujiaping Age in the Middle and Upper Yangtze Region, China
    Journal of Palaeogeography 2014, 3(4): 384-409 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1261.2014.00063 Lithofacies palaeogeography and sedimentology Lithofacies palaeogeography of the Late Permian Wujiaping Age in the Middle and Upper Yangtze Region, China Jin-Xiong Luo*, You-Bin He, Rui Wang School of Geosciences, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China Abstract The lithofacies palaeogeography of the Late Permian Wujiaping Age in Middle and Upper Yangtze Region was studied based on petrography and the “single factor analysis and multifactor comprehensive mapping” method. The Upper Permian Wujiaping Stage in the Middle and Upper Yangtze Region is mainly composed of carbonate rocks and clastic rocks, with lesser amounts of siliceous rocks, pyroclastic rocks, volcanic rocks and coal. The rocks can be divided into three types, including clastic rock, clastic rock-limestone and lime- stone-siliceous rock, and four fundamental ecological types and four fossil assemblages are recognized in the Wujiaping Stage. Based on a petrological and palaeoecological study, six single factors were selected, namely, thickness (m), content (%) of marine rocks, content (%) of shallow water carbonate rocks, content (%) of biograins with limemud, content (%) of thin- bedded siliceous rocks and content (%) of deep water sedimentary rocks. Six single factors maps of the Wujiaping Stage and one lithofacies palaeogeography map of the Wujiaping Age were composed. Palaeogeographic units from west to east include an eroded area, an alluvial plain, a clastic rock platform, a carbonate rock platform where biocrowds developed, a slope and a basin. In addition, a clastic rock platform exists in the southeast of the study area. Hydro- carbon source rock and reservoir conditions were preliminarily analyzed based on lithofacies palaeogeography.
    [Show full text]
  • Emerging Development-Based Land Value Capture Practices in Developing Countries
    PART III Emerging Development-Based Land Value Capture Practices in Developing Countries 159 CHAPTER 6 Financing a Metro with Development Rights of Public Land, Nanchang, China China’s public sales of development rights are a major funding source for local governments in delivering infrastructure projects. These sales have often led to the rapid conversion of rural agriculture land into urban land for industrial and residential uses but without an adequate economic ratio- nale or planning. With increased concern over the negative impacts of such rural–urban land conversion, policymakers in reform-oriented cities have already started taking longer-term approaches in public sales of develop- ment rights, focusing on sustainable finances and urban development. Nanchang is one of these cities. Its public land leasing scheme attempts to incorporate the principles of transit-oriented development (TOD) into new metro finance. As this scheme has not yet been fully implemented, it is too early to assess whether it will generate the desired outcomes. If success- fully executed, however, Nanchang’s development-based land value cap- ture (LVC) schemes could provide a good model for other Chinese cities. Urban Development Context Population and Urbanization Trends Nanchang’s central location in southeastern China relative to the Pearl River and Yangtze Delta regions, and to the junctions of major high- ways, makes it a major transport hub (map 6.1). The provincial capital, Nanchang is also a regional center for agricultural production in Jiangxi province. The city has many manufacturing firms including those produc- ing cotton textiles and yarn, paper products, processed food, agricultural chemicals and insecticides, and Chinese medicine and other pharmaceuti- cals.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Variability of Mtdna Sequences in Chinese Native Chicken Breeds
    903 Genetic Variability of mtDNA Sequences in Chinese Native Chicken Breeds Z. G. Liu*, C. Z. Lei1, J. Luo1, C. Ding, G. H. Chen2, H. Chang2, K. H. Wang, X. X. Liu, X. Y. Zhang X. J. Xiao2 and S. L. Wu2 Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225003, P. R. China ABSTRACT : The variability of mtDNA hypervariable segment I (HVS I) sequences was investigated in a total of 48 birds belonging to 12 Chinese native chicken breeds. Sixteen haplotypes were identified from 35 polymorphic nucleotide sites which accounted for 6.4% of a sequenced 544 bp fragment. Diversity analysis of the haplotypes showed that Tibetan, Langshan and Henan cockfight chicken had only one haplotype, while ancient haplotypes existed in Taihe silky and Chahua chicken. Phylogenetic analysis of the haplotypes suggested that Chinese native chicken breeds shared 5 maternal lineages and some breeds would share the same maternal lineage, regardless of their external features and ecological types. Both divergent and phylogenetic analysis of the haplotypes indicated the close genetic relationships between the Chinese native chicken breeds and G. g. gallus and G. g. spadiceus from different areas, which implied that G. g. gallus and G. g. spadiceus were the original ancestors of the Chinese native chicken breeds. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2004. Vol 17, No. 7 : 903-909) Key Words : Chinese, Native Chicken, Jungle Fowl, mtDNA, Haplotype, Original Ancestor INTRODUCTION rate of mtDNA evolution was about 5 to 10 times faster than nuclear DNA, and its genes did not recombine. So Domestic chicken taxonomically belongs to Galliformes, mtDNA analysis has been used to investigate the genetic Pharsianidae, Gallus.
    [Show full text]
  • The Conceptual Planning for the Development of Tourism Resources in Ruichang City Based on the Transformation of Tourism Industry
    Landscape and Urban Horticulture (2018) Vol. 1: 1-7 Clausius Scientific Press, Canada The Conceptual Planning for the Development of Tourism Resources in Ruichang City Based on the Transformation of Tourism Industry Liu Wentaoa, Xiao Xuejianb College of Landscape and Art, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 201805, China E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Keywords: Tourism industry, Transformation, Tourism resources, Conceptual planning Abstract: With the international and domestic tourism industry continuing to heat up, the number of tourists sustainable growth, and the social environment changing, the economy increasing, people experience fundamental changes in their expectations, purposes and modes of travel. Self-help travel is the mainstay. Self-help and group travel complement each other. As the important part of the tertiary industry, tourism has played an essential role in the development of local economy and increasing of employment rate. Original article, Published date: 2018-05-11 DOI: 10.23977/lsuh.2018.11001 ISSN: 523-6415 https://www.clausiuspress.com/journal/LSUH.html 1. The outlook of tourism Premier Li Keqiang pointed out that “tourism do not just represent service industry or consumer industry. It is a composite of all the industry”. 1.1 Macro Background of Tourism Development Chinese authority takes the tourism industry as the main body of tertiary industry, to form a comprehensive industry in which the first, second and third industries participate. Tourism industry make the incomparable economy value, which can launch fresh impetus, promote the development of related industries, stimulate GDP, and increase the number of employment in the current stage of our industry which lack of innovation capacity and cultural product.
    [Show full text]
  • Contingent Valuation of Yangtze Finless Porpoises in Poyang Lake, China Dong, Yanyan
    Contingent Valuation of Yangtze Finless Porpoises in Poyang Lake, China An der Wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Leipzig eingereichte DISSERTATION zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades Doktor der Wirtschaftswissenschaft (Dr. rer. pol.) vorgelegt von Yanyan Dong Master der Ingenieurwissenschaft. Leipzig, im September 2010 Acknowledgements This study has been conducted during my stay at the Department of Economics at the Helmholtz Center for Environmental research from September 2007 to December 2010. I would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to the following people: First and foremost, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Professor Dr. Bernd Hansjürgens for his supervision and guidance. With his kind help, I received the precious chance to do my PhD study in UFZ. Also I have been receiving his continuous support during the entire time of my research stay. He provides lots of thorough and constructive suggestions on my dissertation. Secondly, I would like to thank Professor Dr. -Ing. Rober Holländer for his willingness to supervise me and his continuous support so that I can deliver my thesis at the University of Leipzig. Thirdly, I am heartily thankful to Dr. Nele Lienhoop, who helped me a lot complete the writing of this dissertation. She was always there to meet and talk about my ideas and to ask me good questions to help me. Furthermore, there are lots of other people who I would like to thank: Ms. Sara Herkle provided the survey data collected in Leipzig and Halle, Germany. Without these data, my thesis could not have been completed. It is my great honor to thank Professor John B.
    [Show full text]
  • The World Bank Financial Assistance Project
    SFG2699 REV Public Disclosure Authorized The World Bank Financial Assistance Project Jingxi Farm Produce Distribution System Development Project Environmental Management Plan (EMP) Public Disclosure Authorized (Draft for Approval) Public Disclosure Authorized Construction Unit: Jiangxi Provincial Rural Social Affairs Development Bureau under Agricultural Department of Jiangxi Province Evaluation Institute: NO. 270 Research Institute of Jiangxi Nuclear Industry November, 2016 Public Disclosure Authorized I World Bank Loans----Jingxi Farm Produce Distribution System Development Project Responsibility list Project Name: The World Bank Financial Assistance Project---- Jiangxi Agricultural Products Distribution System Project Client: Jiangxi Provincial Rural Social Affairs Bureau under griculture Department of Jiangxi Province Project Category: Environmental Impact Statement (EIA category B) Legal Representative: Que Zushuang Institution in Charge of Compilation: NO. 270 Research Institute of Nuclear Industry Technical Review: Chen Zhiping Project Leader: Wan Fen Situation of evaluation personnel Registration Professional Professional Name (Registration Chapter Signature Certificate NO. Category Certificate) NO. Wan Chapter 1, 0011309 B231601707 Transportation Fen 3 and 4 Zheng Chapter 2 00013735 B23160071000 Social region Han and 5 Agriculture, Qiu forestry and Chapter 6 00015384 B231601505 Heng water and 9 conservancy Zhu Chapter 7 00016190 B23160091600 Transportation Fangxu and 8 Li Yuan 00015378 B231601407 Transportation Chapter 10 II
    [Show full text]
  • Female Education
    Chapter 4 Female Education 4.1 Female Education in Qing China up to the 1860s Debates on female education in ancient China have largely focused on socio- political ideologies related to female education, female writing, and biog- raphies of some famous, talented women.1 From the literature it would ap- pear that, in general, motives for females to seek education seem not to have changed much over time: girls mostly followed education for a variety of family-related reasons, such as providing early education for their sons, sup- porting their husbands (as the Chinese saying goes, “a good wife steers her hus- band clear of disaster”2), developing high moral standards, maintaining good relations with their in-laws, and improving their household skills. It was for these reasons that, among elite households, educated women were preferred as marriage partners. Generally speaking, for the majority of households, if it were financially possible, girls would be given the opportunity to study. The situation of female education is well described in the Qingsu Jiwen (清 俗纪闻, A record of Qing dynasty customs), a book written around 1800 by the Japanese official Akagawa Tadateru (中川忠英). In this book, he discusses the customs and social situation in several of the richer provinces of China, for example Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Fujian. He writes that affluent families would employ a private tutor to teach their daughters – starting from 7–8 years on – to read, write and compose poetry.3 Once engaged to be married, a girl’s edu- cation would shift to cover topics such as family responsibilities and ethics, practical aspects of housekeeping, and etiquette.4 Furthermore, in these richer provinces, because of the importance of commercial activities, a woman’s ca- pacity for reading, writing and arithmetic could also contribute to the fam- ily business.
    [Show full text]
  • Bank of Jiujiang Co., Ltd.* * (A Joint Stock Company Incorporated in the People’S Republic of China with Limited Liability) (Stock Code: 6190)
    Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited and The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited take no responsibility for the contents of this announcement, make no representation as to its accuracy or completeness and expressly disclaim any liability whatsoever for any loss howsoever arising from or in reliance upon the whole or any part of the contents of this announcement. Bank of Jiujiang Co., Ltd.* * (A joint stock company incorporated in the People’s Republic of China with limited liability) (Stock Code: 6190) ANNOUNCEMENT PROPOSED RE-ELECTION AND APPOINTMENT OF DIRECTORS AND SUPERVISORS PROPOSED AMENDMENTS TO THE ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION ESTABLISHMENT OF COMPLIANCE MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE OF THE BOARD I. PROPOSED RE-ELECTION AND APPOINTMENT OF DIRECTORS According to the relevant laws and regulations and the Articles of Association of Bank of Jiujiang Co., Ltd. (the “Articles of Association”), the directors (“Directors”) of Bank of Jiujiang Co., Ltd.* (the “Bank”) shall serve a term of three years. The term of a Director is renewable by re-election after its expiry, but the cumulative term of office for independent non- executive Directors at the Bank shall not exceed six years. The term of the fifth session of the Board of the Bank will soon expire, and a re-election is proposed. The board of Directors (the “Board”) of the Bank has resolved at the Board meeting held on 30 March 2020 to propose the nomination of Mr. LIU Xianting, Mr. PAN Ming and Ms. CAI Liping for re-election as executive Directors of the Bank; the nomination of Mr. ZENG Huasheng, Mr. ZHANG Jianyong, and Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Research on the Application of Functional Movement Screening in the Training of Physical Education Students in Pengze No.2 Middle School
    Frontiers in Sport Research ISSN 2618-1576 Vol. 2, Issue 2: 34-37, DOI: 10.25236/FSR.2020.020209 Research on the Application of Functional Movement Screening in the Training of Physical Education Students in Pengze No.2 Middle School Peng yu Zhang Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang Jiangxi 330022, China ABSTRACT. In addition to taking part in the national unified examination subjects, physical education students should take part in additional physical education examination. This is an important way for colleges and universities to recruit sports talents. With the national education reform, colleges and universities gradually expand the enrollment, the number of students participating in the physical education college entrance examination is also increasing. Whether there is a professional sports training knowledge system and the formulation of sports training plan is a widespread concern of coaches and players. This paper discusses the application of functional movement screening in the training of Pengze No.2 Middle School. KEYWORDS: Functional movement screening; Pengze no, 2 middle school physical education students; Fms test 1. Introduction Functional movement screening (hereinafter referred to as FMS) is a set of prediction system designed by American Orthopedic expert gray cook and training expert Lee Burten in the 1990s, which is used to find various deficiencies and obstacles in various basic movements. FMS is composed of 7 simple action modes and 3 exclusion tests. It is the detection of the most basic action modes of human beings. It can quickly evaluate a person's stability, flexibility, action control ability, and prevent the occurrence of possible sports injuries .[1] There are strict evaluation criteria for each test, and the total score is 21 points.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    E519 Volume 1 ProjectWith Loans From the World Bank Public Disclosure Authorized People's Republic of China World Bank FinancedJiangii Integrated Agricultural Modernization Project (JIAMP) Environmental Impact Assessment Report Public Disclosure Authorized ( Final Draft) Public Disclosure Authorized Jiangxi Provincial Environmental Protection Research Institute State Environmental Assessment Certificate Grade A No. 2303 Public Disclosure Authorized Entrusted by Jmgxi Provincial Agricultural Office for Foreig Capital Utlization November, 2001 FILECOPY Project With Loans From the World Bank < People's Republic of China World Bank Financed Jiangxi Integrated Agricultural Modernization Project (JIAMP) Environmental Impact Assessment Report ( Final Draft) Jiangxi Provincial Environmental Protection Research Institute State Environmental Assessment Certificate Grade A No. 2303 Entrusted by Jiangxi Provincial Agricultural Office for Foreign Capital Utilization November, 2001 People's Republic of China World Bank Financed Jiangxi Integrated Agricultural Modernization Project (JIAMIP) Environmental Impact Assessment Report (Final Draft) Compiler: Jiangxi Provincial Environmental Protection Research Institute Director: Shi Jing Senior Engineer Chief Engineer: Long Gang Senior Engineer [(ES) Qualification Certificate No. 087141 Technical Review: Zhu Baiming Senior Engineer [(ES) Qualification Certificate No. 08872] Project Leader: Shi Jing Senior Engineer [(ES) Qualification Certificate No. 087111 Project Deputy Leader: Zuo Zhu Senior Engineer [(ES)
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Focus Boosts Tourism, Agriculture
    CHINA DAILY chinadaily.COM.CN Friday, September 8, 2017 | PAGE S1-4 | SUPPLEMENT BasicBasic facts facts of Jiangxi EconomicEconomic structure structure ExportedExported products, products, 2016 2016 BasicBasic facts facts of Jiangxiof Jiangxi EconomicEconomic structure structure ExportedExported products, products, 2016 2016 Green developmentGreen development ImportImport and export and exportvolume volume PerPer capita capitaPer disposablecapita disposable disposable income income income of ofurban urban of residentsurban residents residents (yuan) (yuan) (yuan) Green development Import and export volume Per capita disposable income of urban residents (yuan) ElectromechanicalElectromechanicalElectromechanical products products products 41.45%41.45%41.45% Green development Import and(Unit: export $ billion)(Unit: volume $ billion) ExportsExportsImportsImports 20,085 20,085 PrimaryPrimaryPrimary industry: industry: industry: SecondarySecondarySecondary Primary PrimaryPrimary industry: industry: industry: Secondary SecondarySecondary Electromechanical products (Unit: $ billion) Exports Imports 2012 2012 20,085 (Unit: $ billion) 2012 45.9245.9245.92 166,900166,900166,900 53.153.153.1 11.8%11.8% industry:industry: 53.6% 53.6%10.4% 10.4% industry:industry: 49.2% 49.2% 14.92% 63.163.1 22 22 1,5351,5 35 60 60 35 Exports Imports 33.12 33.122012 20,085 45.92 166,900 53.1 11.8%11.8% industry:industry: 53.6% 53.6% 10.4%10.4% industry:industry: 49.2% 49.2% High-techHigh-techHigh-tech products products products 14.92%14.92%14.92% 63.1 22 1,535 60
    [Show full text]
  • Levi Strauss & Co. Factory List
    LEVI STRAUSS & CO. FACTORY LIST Published : September 2014 Country Factory name Alternative factory name Address City State/Province Argentina Accecuer SA Juan Zanella 4656 Caseros Buenos Aires Avanti S.A. Coronel Suarez 1544 Olavarría Buenos Aires Best Sox S.A. Charlone 1446 Capital Federal Buenos Aires Buffalo S.R.L. Valentín Vergara 4633 Florida Oeste Buenos Aires Carlos Kot San Carlos 1047 Wilde Buenos Aires CBTex S.R.L. - Cut Avenida de los Constituyentes, 5938 Capital Federal Buenos Aires CBTex S.R.L. - Sew San Vladimiro, 5643 Lanús Oeste Buenos Aires Cooperativa de Trabajo Textiles Pigue Ltda. Altromercato Ruta Nac. 33 Km 132 Pigue Buenos Aires Divalori S.R.L Miralla 2536 Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Estex Argentina S.R.L. Superi, 3530 Caba Buenos Aires Gitti SRL Italia 4043 Mar del Plata Buenos Aires Huari Confecciones (formerly Victor Flores Adrian) Victor Flores Adrian Charcas, 458 Ramos Mejía Buenos Aires Khamsin S.A. Florentino Ameghino, 1280 Vicente Lopez Buenos Aires Ciudad Autonoma de Buenos La Martingala Av. F.F. de la Cruz 2950 Buenos Aires Aires Lenita S.A. Alfredo Bufano, 2451 Capital Federal Buenos Aires Manufactura Arrecifes S.A. Ruta Nacional 8, Kilometro 178 Arrecifes Buenos Aires Materia Prima S.A. - Planta 2 Acasusso, 5170 Munro Buenos Aires Procesadora Centro S.R.L. Francisco Carelli 2554 Venado Tuerto Santa Fe Procesadora Serviconf SRL Gobernardor Ramon Castro 4765 Vicente Lopez Buenos Aires Procesadora Virasoro S.A. Boulevard Drago 798 Pergamino Buenos Aires Procesos y Diseños Virasoro S.A. Avenida Ovidio Lagos, 4650 Rosario Santa Fé Provira S.A. Avenida Bucar, 1018 Pergamino Buenos Aires Spring S.R.L.
    [Show full text]