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Congressional Record—Senate S5373 July 25, 2018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S5373 ‘‘(2) MANAGEMENT OF PROTECTED AREAS.— lution; which was considered and USS Hopper in her honor, and receiving the The Government of Armenia shall partici- agreed to: Presidential Medal of Freedom; pate in the ongoing management of the area Whereas, of all of the contributions and S. RES. 593 or areas protected pursuant to such debt re- service of Grace Hopper, she considered her lief. Whereas Grace Hopper was born on Decem- work as a mentor and teacher the most valu- ‘‘(3) MINIMUM COUNTRY REFORESTATION ber 9, 1906, in New York City, New York; able; FUND PERCENTAGE.—Not less than 85 percent Whereas, in 1928, Grace Hopper graduated Whereas Grace Hopper once remarked that of funds that qualify under a debt relief with honors from Vassar College with de- ‘‘If you ask me what accomplishment I’m agreement under this section shall be spent grees in physics and mathematics; most proud of, the answer would be all the on actual reforestation activities in Arme- Whereas Grace Hopper would go on to earn young people I’ve trained over the years’’; nia, which may include the protection of re- both her masters degree and Ph.D. from Yale Whereas, today the ‘‘Grace Hopper Celebra- forested areas or of existing forests. University, earning her Ph.D. in 1934; tion’’ is the largest gathering of women in ‘‘(4) TERMINATION OF PROGRAM.— Whereas, after the bombing of Pearl Har- computing with 18,000 attendees in 2017; ‘‘(A) IN GENERAL.—The authority to offer bor and the entry of the United States into Whereas Grace Hopper passed away Janu- debt relief under this subsection shall termi- World War II, Grace Hopper felt called to ary 1, 1992, at the age of 85, and was interred nate on the date that is 5 years after the serve her nation and enlisted in the Navy; with full military honors in Arlington Na- date of the enactment of this Act unless the Whereas Grace Hopper was assigned to the tional Cemetery; and President determines and certifies to Con- Bureau of Ships Computation Project at Har- Whereas Grace Hopper served as a trail- gress that— vard University, where she worked on the blazer for other women and men who would ‘‘(i) the debt forgiveness pilot program first electromechanical computer in the follow her in the field of computer science, under this subsection has been effective in United States, which was known as the academia, and the Armed Forces: Now, meeting the goals of the Haiti and Armenia MARK I; therefore, be it Reforestation Act of 2018; and Whereas, while assigned to the Computa- Resolved, That the Senate honors the pio- ‘‘(ii) the Government of Armenia has com- tion Project, Grace Hopper— neering ideas and service of Grace Hopper, mitted to returning land in Armenia to long- (1) served as second in command in charge professor, inventor, entrepreneur, business term sustainable forests. of operations; leader, and Rear Admiral of the Navy. (2) wrote the 561-page user manual for the ‘‘(B) RENEWAL.—If the President makes a MARK I, considered the first book about f certification under subparagraph (A), the au- modern computers; and SENATE RESOLUTION 592—DESIG- thority to forgive debt under this subsection (3) used the MARK I to solve various war- may be renewed for 1 additional 5-year pe- NATING OCTOBER 9, 2018, AS ‘‘NA- time mathematical problems for the Navy TIONAL ADA LOVELACE DAY’’ riod.’’. that saved thousands of lives, including the TITLE III—ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISION implosion problem for the Manhattan AND HONORING THE LIFE AND SEC. 301. DELEGATION. Project; LEGACY OF ADA LOVELACE, THE The President, or the Administrator of the Whereas, after World War II, Grace Hopper FIRST COMPUTER PROGRAMMER United States Agency for International De- remained in the Navy as a reservist, con- Mr. WYDEN (for himself and Mrs. velopment or the Secretary of State, acting tinuing to work on the MARK II and MARK FISCHER) submitted the following reso- as the President’s delegate, may draw on the III computers; lution; which was considered and expertise of the United States Forest Service Whereas, in the 1950s, Grace Hopper helped and the United States Agency for Inter- pioneer the computer industry at the Eck- agreed to: national Development in designing and im- ert-Mauchly Computer Corporation and S. RES. 592 plementing programs under this Act relating Remington Rand, where she assisted in de- Whereas Augusta Ada King-Noel, Countess to reforestation, watershed restoration, and veloping the Universal Automatic Computer of Lovelace, now known as Ada Lovelace, monitoring of land use change. I and II, the first commercial electronic was born on December 10, 1815, in London, SEC. 302. DETERMINATION AND MONITORING OF computers; United Kingdom; FOREST LEVELS. Whereas, while working on the Universal Whereas, from a young age, Lovelace dis- (a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 6 months Automatic Computer I and II, Grace Hopper played a gift for mathematics, languages, after the date of the enactment of this Act, invented the first compiler, which is the cor- and the sciences; the Chief of the United States Forest Serv- nerstone of modern automatic programming; Whereas, at the age of 17, Lovelace began ice, in consultation with the Administrator Whereas, in 1953, Grace Hopper was the to study mathematics under the guidance of of the United States Agency for Inter- first person to theorize code as words instead scientist and translator Mary Somerville national Development, using the latest of symbols, which was considered impossible and, later, logician Augustus de Morgan; available Landsat data, shall— by her peers, and after 3 years her team was Whereas, in 1833, Lovelace was introduced (1) determine the current level of forest using the first written-word programming to inventor and mechanical engineer, cover in Haiti and the current level of forest language; Charles Babbage, and began to study his de- cover in Armenia, expressed as a percentage Whereas the development of a written- signs for the Analytical Engine, a mechan- of each country’s total land mass; and word programming language was an incred- ical computer; (2) submit this information to the appro- ibly important step in the development of Whereas Lovelace was the first person to priate committees of Congress. computer science, as it allowed people who recognize that the Analytical Engine could (b) UPDATES.—The Chief of the United lacked advanced engineering and mathe- be used to manipulate symbols and letters States Forest Service, in consultation with the Administrator of the United States matics backgrounds to program computers; and was the first person to theorize that the Agency for International Development, shall Whereas, in 1959, Grace Hopper organized Analytical Engine could be used to create submit an annual report to the appropriate leaders from government, the private sector, music and graphics; committees of Congress that contains an up- and academia to create a universal business Whereas, in 1843, Lovelace published step- dated determination, using the latest avail- computer programming language called by-step instructions for using the Analytical able Landsat data, of the level of forest cover ‘‘common business-oriented language’’, or Engine to calculate Bernoulli numbers in Haiti and the level of forest cover in Ar- ‘‘COBOL’’; ‘‘without having been worked out by human menia. Whereas, in 2018, COBOL supports over head and hands first’’; (c) USE OF DETERMINATIONS.—Each deter- 30,000,000,000 transactions per day and 90 per- Whereas these insights gave Lovelace an mination under subsection (a)(1) and each cent of all global financial transactions; unparalleled vision of the future of computer updated determination under subsection (b) Whereas throughout her work in the pri- science, and she stated that ‘‘[a] new, a vast shall be used for the purposes of setting and vate sector, Grace Hopper remained a naval and a powerful language is [being] developed achieving the goals described in section reservist until the age of 60, calling her re- for the future use of analysis, in which to 2(b)(3). quired retirement from the Naval Reserve wield its truths so that these may become of f ‘‘the saddest day of my life’’; more speedy and accurate practical applica- Whereas, just a few months after her re- tion for the purposes of mankind’’; SUBMITTED RESOLUTIONS tirement from the Naval Reserve, ‘‘Amazing Whereas the work of Lovelace went widely Grace’’ was called again to the Navy for ac- unrecognized until the 1950s, when her papers tive service, where she would serve for an- were republished, and their significance and SENATE RESOLUTION 593—HON- other 19 years until her final military retire- her contributions to the fields of computer ORING THE LIFE AND LEGACY ment as Rear Admiral of the Navy at the age science and mathematics were finally ac- OF GRACE HOPPER, PROFESSOR, of 79; knowledged; INVENTOR, ENTREPRENEUR, Whereas Grace Hopper has received many Whereas, in the 1980s, to honor the con- BUSINESS LEADER, AND REAR honors for her groundbreaking ideas and con- tributions of Lovelace, the Department of ADMIRAL OF THE NAVY tributions over the years, including becom- Defense named its newly created computer ing the first inductee to the Computer Hall language ‘‘Ada’’ after Lovelace; Mr. WYDEN (for himself and Mrs. of Fame, receiving the U.S. National Medal Whereas the second Tuesday in October is FISCHER) submitted the following reso- of Technology, the naming of the destroyer annually celebrated as Ada Lovelace Day VerDate Sep 11 2014 09:19 Jul 26, 2018 Jkt 079060 PO 00000 Frm 00059 Fmt 4624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A25JY6.018 S25JYPT2 SSpencer on DSKBBXCHB2PROD with SENATE.
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