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Republic of Rwanda REPUBLIC OF RWANDA Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND ANIMAL RESOURCES RWANDA FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized FINAL REPORT ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR SELECTED FEEDER ROADS NYAMASHEKE DISTRICT Public Disclosure Authorized NOVEMBER, 2013 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment for Selected Feeder Roads in the District of Nyamasheke in Rwanda - Project ID: P 126498 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables 4 List of Figures 5 List of Photographs 5 List of Annexure 5 Abbreviation 5 0 Executive Summary 8 PART I ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 14 1 Introduction 14 1.1 Background of the Project 14 1.2 Objective 15 1.3 Scope of Services 16 1.4 Approach and Methodology 16 1.4.1 Review of Baseline Data and Up-date 17 1.4.2 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment 19 1.4.3 Social Analysis 19 1.4.4 Environmental and Social Management Plan 20 1.4.5 Environmental and Social Monitoring 20 1.5 Liaison with Authorities 20 1.6 Format of the Report 20 2 Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework 22 2.1 National Relevant Policies and Strategy 22 2.1.1 National Environmental Policy 22 2.1.2 Water Policy 23 2.1.3 National Forest Policy 23 2.1.4 Transport Policy 23 2.1.5 National Land Policy 24 2.1.6 Public Transport Policy on Environmental Sustainability 24 2.1.7 National Development Strategy 24 2.2 Legal Instruments 25 2.2.1 Important Environmental Legislations 25 2.3 Institutional Framework/ Arrangement 20 2.3.1 Province and Districts 28 2.3.2 EIA Procedure and Environmental Category in Rwanda 28 2.3.3 Rwanda Environmental Standards 30 2.4 International Environmental Framework and Agreements 30 2.4.1 Environmental Assessment Category of Projects 30 3 Project Description 36 1 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment for Selected Feeder Roads in the District of Nyamasheke in Rwanda - Project ID: P 126498 3.1 Project Location 36 3.2 Objective of the Project 36 3.3 Project Details 37 3.3.1 Brief Description of Feeder Roads 37 3.3.2 Present and Projected Traffic 38 3.3.3 Feeder Road Design Standards 38 3.3.4 Planned Activities for Proposed Feeder Roads 40 3.4 Analysis of Alternatives 44 3.4.1 Without Project Alternative 44 3.4.2 With Project Alternative 44 3.5 Quantity of Material for Construction 45 3.5.1 Borrow Area Sites 46 3.6 Construction Schedule 46 3.7 Cost of the Projects 46 4 Environmental and Social Baseline Data 48 4.1 General 48 4.2 Study Area 50 4.3 Land Environment 50 4.3.1 Physiography and Land Use 50 4.3.2 Geology and Soils 51 4.3.3 Soil Erosion 52 4.4 Water Environment 53 4.4.1 Precipitation and Temperature 53 4.4.2 Surface Water Resources 54 4.4.3 Water Quality 55 4.5 Air Environment 56 4.6 Noise Quality 56 4.7 Ecological Environment 57 4.7.1 Forest, Flora and Vegetation 57 4.7.2 Fauna / Wildlife 59 4.7.3 Avifauna 59 4.7.4 Fish Species 60 4.8 Socio-economic Environment 60 4.8.1 Socio-economic Conditions 60 4.8.2 Socio-Economic Conditions of Effected People 61 4.9 Physical Cultural Resources 62 4.10 Infrastructure on Road side 62 5 Environmental and Social Impacts 63 5.1 Environmental and Social Impacts 63 5.2 Impact Identification 63 5.3 Positive Impact 63 5.3.1 Impact During Planning and Design 64 2 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment for Selected Feeder Roads in the District of Nyamasheke in Rwanda - Project ID: P 126498 5.3.2 Impact during Construction Phase 64 5.3.3 Impact During Operation Phase 65 5.4 Negative Impact 67 5.4.1 Impact During Planning and Design 67 5.4.2 Impact during Construction Phase 70 5.4.3 Impact During Operation Phase 76 5.5 Impacts Analysis 78 6 Environmental Management Plan, Mitigation and Enhancement Measures 82 6.1 Management Plans 82 6.2 Proposed Mitigation Measures 83 6.3 Specific Issues and Management Plans 89 6.3.1 Restoration of Facilities 95 6.3.2 Design Considerations during Detailed Engineering 95 6.3.3 Environmental Management Issues in Tender Documents 95 6.4 Cost of Environmental Management Plans 96 6.5 Environmental Management Plan Implementation Arrangement 96 6.5.1 Organization and Staffing 96 6.5.2 Environmental Training 99 6.5.3 Monitoring and Reporting Procedures 100 6.5.4 Record Keeping 100 6.5.5 Implementing Schedule 100 6.6 Construction Management Guidelines 101 6.7 Alternatives 103 6.8 Disclosure of Environmental & Social Instruments 103 7 Public Consultation 104 7.1 Public Consultation and Participation 104 7.1.1 Stakeholder 104 7.2 Public Participation Method and Process 105 7.3 Finding from Public Consultation 107 7.3.1 Focus Group Discussion 108 8 Environmental and Social Monitoring Plan and Costs 109 8.1 Environmental and Social Monitoring 109 8.2 Total Environmental and Social Costs 109 9 Conclusions and Recommendations 113 9.1 Conclusions 113 9.2 Recommendations 115 3 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment for Selected Feeder Roads in the District of Nyamasheke in Rwanda - Project ID: P 126498 PART II PHYSICAL CULTURAL RESOURCES PLAN 118 1.1 Definitions 118 1.2 Legal and Policy Framework 118 1.3 Physical Cultural Resources 119 1.4 Institutional Framework 119 1.4.1 Institutional Implementation Arrangement 120 1.4.2 Timings 120 1.4.3 Role and Responsibility 120 1.4.4 Institutions Responsibility 121 1.5 Construction Phase Mitigation Measures 122 1.5.1 Removal/Relocation Process of Graves 122 1.5.2 Removal/Relocation Process of Religious Buildings 122 1.5.3 Resources Requiring Protection 123 1.6 Chances and Procedures 123 1.7 Capacity 124 1.8 Budget 124 LIST OF TABLES 1 Relevant World Bank Safeguard Operation Policies 31 2 Category of Project Subjected to EIA 33 3 Present and Projected Traffic 39 4 Proposed Design Standards for Rwanda Rural Roads 40 5 Drainage and RCC Abutments 42 6 Road Length by Intervention 43 7 Feeder Roads Improvement Intervention in the District 43 8 Quantity of Construction Material 45 9 Borrow/ Quarry Site, Distance and Location 46 10 Scoping Matrix 49 11 Land Use Details of the District 51 12 Water Bodies along Feeder Roads 55 13 Water Quality of Surface Water 55 14 Noise Level at Monitoring Sites 56 15 Trees Along Feeder Roads with on ROW 58 16 Girth Wise Details of Trees 58 17 Tree, Shrubs and Herbs along the Feeder Roads 59 18 Physical Cultural Resources 62 19 Infrastructure Facilities 62 20 Impact Matrix for Potential Environmental Impacts 68 21 Land Use Change 70 22 Construction Spoil Disposal 72 23 Vehicles Emission Factor 73 24 Emission during Construction 74 4 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment for Selected Feeder Roads in the District of Nyamasheke in Rwanda - Project ID: P 126498 25 Fuel Consumption Rates for Construction Machinery 74 26 Noise levels During Construction 75 27 Noise Due to Construction Machinery 76 28 Loss of Bio-mass 76 29 Noise Emitted by Vehicles 77 30 Projected Noise Levels 78 31 Impacts Analysis 79 32 EMP describes Impacts and Mitigation measures 84 33 Capacity of Septic Tanks for Individual Dwelling 90 34 Trees for Plantation 93 35 Bill of quantities and Cost of EMP 97 36 Schedule of Implementation 101 37 List of Authorities Contacted 105 38 Summary of Public Consultation 107 39 Environmental Monitoring Program 110 40 Bill of quantities and Cost Estimates 111 41 Physical Cultural Resources 119 42 Role and Responsibility 120 43 Budget for Protection of Physical Cultural Resources 124 LIST OF FIGURES 1 Location of the District in Rwanda 15 2 Approach and Methodology Flow Chart 18 3 EIA Procedure in Rwanda 29 4 Feeder Roads in the District 41 5 Construction Schedule 47 6 Soil Erosion Map of the District 52 7 Altitude, Rainfall and Temperature 53 8 Drainage Map of the District 54 PHOTOGRAPHS 116 ANNEXURE 1 Study Team for the Project 125 2 Discharge Standards for Domestic Waste Water 125 3 Discharge Standards for Industrial Wastewater 126 4 Ambient Air quality Standards 127 5 Ambient Noise Standards 127 6 Tree Shrubs and Herbs and their origin 128 7 Common Wildlife of Nyungwe National Park 130 8 Questionnaire for Social Survey 135 9 PAPs Participated in Public Consultation 137 5 Environmental and Social Impact Assessment for Selected Feeder Roads in the District of Nyamasheke in Rwanda - Project ID: P 126498 ABBREVIATIONS AIDS : Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome amsl : Above Mean Sea Level BP : Bank Procedure CBD : Convention on Biological Diversity DPR : Detailed Project Report EA : Environmental Assessment EDPRS : Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment EMP : Environmental Management Plans ESIA : Environmental and Social Impact Assessment ESMP : Environmental and Social Management Plan FS : Feasibility Studies GDP : Gross Domestic Product GOR : Government of Rwanda HIV : Human Immune Deficiency Virus IL : Impact Level LHS : Left Hand Side LARAP : Land Acquisition Resettlement Action Plan MDG : Millennium Development Goals MINAGRI : Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Resources MINIRENA : Ministry of Natural Resources NAP : National Action Plan NAPA : National Plan of Action NBSAP : National Bio-diversity Strategy and Action Plan NCC : National Consultative Committee NGOs : Non-Governmental Organizations NFP : National Forest Policy NMT : Non-Motorized Transport NR : National Road NWP : National Water Policy OP : Operation Policy PAPs : Project Affected Persons PCRMP : Physical Cultural Resources Management Plan POL : Petroleum, Oils and Lubricants QA : Quality Assurance RAP : Resettlement Action Plan RBS : Rwanda Bureau of standards RCC : Reinforced Cement Concrete RDB : Rwanda Development Board REMA : Rwanda Environmental Management Authority
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