DOCSLIB.ORG

RWANDA SFG3154 Public Disclosure Authorized

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
RWANDA SFG3154 Public Disclosure Authorized REPUBLIC OF RWANDA SFG3154 Public Disclosure Authorized MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND ANIMAL RESOURCES RWANDA FEEDER ROAD DEVELOPMENT PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized FINAL REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized UPDATED ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK Public Disclosure Authorized February, 2017 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Roads are one of the most economically important infrastructures in Rwanda, given the fact that more than 95% of the country’s international trade is handled by land and there are hardly any land alternatives (such as railway). Internal communication is also almost exclusively by road. Yet the terrain and the economy of Rwanda are such that developing roads is a very costly venture both financially and environmentally. Unfortunately, district and unclassified roads, that principally constitute the feeder roads network, are in dismal state and are major constraint for the mobility of the rural population. The Government and development partners are intensifying their support not only to agriculture but also to infrastructure development to reduce post-harvest loss and the high transport price in the project areas. In this regards, the Government of Rwanda launched the Rwanda Feeder Roads Development Project (RFRDP) to develop agricultural marketing roads. This project completed designs for the rehabilitation, upgrading and maintenance of 500 km of indicative feeder roads in 4 Districts, namely Rwamagana, Gisagara, Karongi and Nyamasheke. Furthermore, the Government applied for additional financing for the rehabilitation, upgrading and maintenance of 1200 km of feeder roads in other six districtsand feasibility studies are still ongoing. The additional Districts include Nyagatare and Gatsibo of Eastern District, Nyaruguru of Southern Province, Nyabihu and Rutsiro of Western Province and Gakenke of Northern Province.The estimated cost for the total 1,700 km totals up One hundred and Sixteen million US dollars (US $ 116,000,000) over seven year period.Initially, approximately 450 km of the Government program proposed six additional Districts would be financed through a Multi- Donor Trust Fund (MDTF) managed by the World Bank. Although most project impacts are expected to be positive, some of the proposed feeder roads subprojects could create negative environmental and social impacts during theirimpleme ntation. Potential negative impacts expected during the implementation of FRDPin all 10 districts include loss of biodiversity, increase in soil erosionand risks of landslides which could causetemporary increases in sediment loads into rivers, loss of access (temporary or permanent) to natural resources; loss of land due to construction of infrastructure; increase in floods, temporary noise and air pollution nuisance due to construction works, sediments laden runoff from exposed areas mainly due to i MINAGRI, ESMF for Feeder Roads Development Project in R w a n d a vegetation clearing during construction; increase in solid waste, improper use of waste oils from construction equipments. Furthermore, rehabilitation of roads will need more lands that are private or public land for which compensation may be required. Some trees, crops and other structures that are within road reserve to be rehabilitated are also likely to be affected and will need compensation.The impacts on physical cultural resources within RoW and protected areas, park inclusive,are also predicted. In those locations where road widening could affect the PCRs and national parks, the road widening activity should be limited to the existing road width.The mitigation measures should be included in the roads designs. The project previously prepared the ESMF for the first four Districts which was disclosed in 2013. The ESIA/ESMP report for each subproject was prepared, disclosed and the detailed ESMP per road for Rwamagana and Gisagara subprojects where civil works started was prepared and its implementation is being monitored. Though no natural habitats were recorded in the subproject areas, the ESMF helped in the compliance with environmental assessment, physical cultural resources (PCR) and forests policies. The proposed mitigation measures for water resources, swamps and borrow pits (BP) rehabilitation were respected. The change in the BPs location and reduction in the number of PCR were noticed as the major challenges addressed during the previous ESMF implementation. The identification of new BPs was done to meet construction materials needs. The updated report is more detailed than that of the parent project. As the preparation of the Rwanda Feeder Roads Development Project for additional financing is under way, the World Bank OP 4.01 requires the Government of Rwanda to update the existing Environment and Social Management Framework (ESMF) to ensure that the planned activities in all Districts are environmentally and socially implemented in full compliance with Rwanda’s and the World Bank’s environmental policies and regulations. The updated ESMF for Feeder Roads Development Project provides a corporate environmental and social safeguard policy framework, institutional arrangements and capacity available to identify and mitigate potential safeguards issues and impacts of each sub-project (district). ii MINAGRI, ESMF for Feeder Roads Development Project in R w a n d a With the use of the updated ESMF, national environmental and social requirements for any affected community and entity will be met. This will also be consistent with the World Bank Operational policies OP4.01 and OP4.12 as well as other applicable safeguard provisions of the World Bank. The ESMF also represents a statement of policy, guiding principles and procedures of reference with focus on the road sector projects, agreeable to all key stakeholders such as the Rwanda Environmental Management Authority (REMA), Rwanda Development Board (RDB), the World Bank, Ministry of Infrastructure (MININFRA), and the implementing Agencies. This updated ESMF will briefly give guidance on how FRDP will properly manage associated environmental and social issues. Furthermore, this ESMF will be complemented by three other safeguards instruments. Firstly, Environmental Assessments (EAs) including Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMPs) which will be prepared for each district. Secondly, a Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) that is prepared to provide standards and procedures of compensation for any land acquisition, loss of assets, or restriction of access to resources that may take place as a result of RFRDP investments and finally, Resettlement Action Plans (RAP) will also be prepared for each district. iii MINAGRI, ESMF for Feeder Roads Development Project in R w a n d a INCAMAKE Imihanda ni kimwe mu bikorwaremezo bya ngomwa mu Rwanda, cyane cyane ko hejuru ya 95% by’ubucuruzi bukoresha imihanda. Ubuhaname bukabije bw’imisozi iyo mihanda inyuramo butuma iyagurwa ry’imihanda mu Rwanda rihenda kandi rikagira ingaruka ku bidukikije. Ibi ni mu gihe imihanda y’uturere kimwe n’uduhanda two mu cyaro duhuzaimihanda y’uturere n’ahantu hagiye hakomeye mu cyaro cyangwa hatuwe n’abantu benshi bari hamwe, imeze nabi ikaba ibangamiye ihahirana mu cyaro. Guverinoma y’u Rwanda n’Abaterankunga banyuranye bashyize ingufu mukuzamura ubuhinzi batibagiwe ibikorwaremezo mu rwego rwo kugabanya iyangirika ry’umusaruro n’igiciro gihanitse cyo gutwara abantu n’ibintu. Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yatangije Umushinga wo gutunganya imihanda yo mu cyaro (RFRDP) kugira ngo hatunganywe imihanda. Uyu Mushinga wakoze inyigo yo gusana, kwagura no gufata neza imihanda ku burebure bwa 500 km yatoranyijwe mu karere ka Rwamagana, Gisagara, Karongi na Nyamasheke. Mu rwego rwo gukomeza gutunganya imihanda yo mu cyaro, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yasabye inkunga y’inyongera yo gutunganya 1,200 km z’imihanda yo mu tundi turere dutandatu. Utwo turere ni Gatsibo na Nyagatare byo mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba, Nyaruguru yo mu Majyepfo, Rutsiro na Nyabihu byo mu Ntara y’Iburengerazuba ndetse na Gakenke yo mu Ntara y’Amajyaruguru. Igiciro cyose cy’Umushinga kingana na Miliyoni ijana na cumi n’esheshatu z’amadorari (116,000,000 $ US) mu gihe cy’imyaka irindwi. N’ubwo Umushinga ufite ingaruka nziza, har aho ushobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije mu gihe cy’ishyirwa mu bikorwa. utegerejweho ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije. Izo ngaruka mbi ni izi zikurikira: iyangirika ry’ibinyabuzima, kwiyongera kw’isuri n’inkangu, kubura ubutaka, kwiyongera k’imyuzure, urusaku n’iyangirika ry’umwuka wo mu kirere rishobora gutera indwara z’imyanya y’ubuhumekero, n’ubwiyongere bw’imyanda.Iyagurwa ry’imihanda kandi risaba ubutaka, bushobora kuba ubwa Leta cyangwa Abaturage, bityo indishyi ikwiye kubizangirika ikaba yakenerwa.Isuzuma ngaruka ku mitungo ndangamuco ibarizwa mu mbago z’umuhanda n’ibyanya bikomye, harimo pariki, naryo ryarakozwe. Mu rwego rwo kugabanya ingaruka kuri iyo mitungo, iyagurwa ry’umuhanda ntirigomba kurenga imbago zisanzweho; ibi kandi bikitabwaho mugishushanyo mbonera cy’umuhanda. iv MINAGRI, ESMF for Feeder Roads Development Project in R w a n d a Umushinga wateguye ESMF ku turere tune hanategurwa ESIA/ESMP kuri buri Karerena ESMPs mu turere imirimo yatangiye ziri gukurikianywa. N’ubwo nta mitungo kamere yagaragaye aho umushinga watangiriye, ESMF yafashije mu gukurikiza amategeko ajyanye n’isuzuma-ngaruka, kubungabunga imitungo ndangamuco n’amashyamba, Gahunda zashyizweho mu kurinda amazi, ibishanga no gusubiranya ibirombe zarakurikijwe. Ihinduka ry’ibirombe byari byateganyijwe n’imwe mu mbogamizi yagaragaye. Iyi ESMF nshya ifite amakuru
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Study on Improvement of Rural Water Supply in the Eastern Province in the Republic of Rwanda
    MININFRA EASTERN PROVINCE REPUBLIC OF RWANDA THE STUDY ON IMPROVEMENT OF RURAL WATER SUPPLY IN THE EASTERN PROVINCE IN THE REPUBLIC OF RWANDA FINAL REPORT MAIN REPORT November 2010 JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY JAPAN TECHNO CO., LTD. NIPPON KOEI CO., LTD. GED JR 11-022 UGANDA RWANDA D.R.CONGO MUSHELI MATIMBA Northern Province 0 5 10 25km Eastern Province RWEMPASHA Western Province KIGALI RWIMIYAGA TABAGWE Southern Province NYAGATARE KARAMA RUKOMO TANZANIA BURUNDI KIYOMBE GATUNDA NYAGATARE KARANGAZI MIMULI KATABAGEMU MUKAMA NGARAMA RWIMBOGO NYAGIHANGA KABARORE GATSIBO GATSIBO GITOKI SUMMARY OF STUDY KAGEYO MURUNDI Study Area : 95 Secteurs of 7 Districts in Eastern Province REMERA RUGARAMA Design Population : 2,641,040 (2020) MUHURA Planned Water Supply Scheme : 92 KIZIGURO (Piped scheme : 81, Handpump scheme : 11) Planned Pipe Line 3,000 km MURAMBI RUKARA GAHINI Replace existing pipe 170 km GASANGE KIRAMURUZI Intake Facilities (spring) 28 MWIRI Intake Facilities (river) 3 FUMBWE Handpump (borehole) 37 MUHAZI KAYONZA MUSHA GISHARI MUKARANGE Existing Facilities (Out of Scope) MUNYIGINYA Existing Pipe Line GAHENGERI NYAMIRAMA RWINKWAVU Existing Water Source KIGABIRO Existing Handpump (working) MWULIRE NDEGO MUYUMBURWAMAGANA RURAMIRA NZIGE KABARONDO MUNYAGA NYAKARIRO MURAMA RUBONA REMERA MWOGO KABARE KARENGE MPANGA RURENGE NTARAMA JURU MUGESERA KAREMBO NASHO KIBUNGO NYAMATA RUKIRA ZAZA RILIMA RUKUMBERI GASHANDA MUSENYI NGOMA MUSHIKIRI KAZO MURAMA NYARUBUYE GASHORA SAKE SHYARA BUGESERAMAYANGE KIGINA KIREHEKIREHE MAREBA MAHAMA MUTENDERI JARAMA GATORE NYARUGENGE NGERUKA RUHUHA RWERU NYAMUGALI MUSAZA KIGARAMA GAHARA KAMABUYE THE STUDY ON IMPROVEMENT OF RURAL WATER SUPPLY IN THE EASTERN PROVINCE TARGET AREA MAP TABLE OF CONTENTS Target Area Map List of Tables List of Figures Abbreviations Page CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Study Background ………………………….……...…………………………..
    [Show full text]
  • Resettlement Action Plan Estimates/ Budget
    Resettlement Action Plan For Selected Feeder Roads in the District of Karongi in Rwanda - Project ID: P 126498 REPUBLIC OF RWANDA Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND ANIMAL RESOURCES (MINAGRI) RWANDA FEEDER ROADS DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (RFRDP) FINAL REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized UPDATED RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN FOR SELECTED FEEDER ROADS OF KARONGI DISTRICT Prepared in November 2013 and Revised in February 2017 Public Disclosure Authorized | P a g e PROJECT BASIC DATA No Description Impacts in Quantity 1 District Karongi 2 Province Western Province Construction/Rehabilitation/upgr ading of Roads, Drainage and 3 Planned Civil works Bridges 4 Cost of Civil works (priority roads for 72.25 km) 6,816,881 million $ 5 Cost by km 92,495 USD 6 Cost of RAP 151,534,305 Frw 7 Number of households to be physically displaced 38 8 Private fences affected in meters 13,094 9 Number of institutional buildings affected fully 1 10 Number of institutional buildings affected partially No 11 Number of institutional fences in meters No Loss of agricultural lands permanently in 22.41 12 hectares* 13 Loss of Crops and trees in hectares 19.99 14 settlements in Hectares 2.42 15 Number of households who lose strips of lands in 1,021 RoW 16 Loss of trees in Number 30,000 17 Loss of telephone line affected in meters No 18 Public water taps 2 19 Cemeteries No 20 Partially affected households 983 21 Total number of project affected households 1,021 22 Project Affected Persons (PAPs) 5,105 2 | P a g e EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Rwanda has four provinces (East, West, North and South) and Kigali City1.
    [Show full text]
  • Populated Printable COP 2009 Rwanda Generated 9/28/2009 12:00:26 AM
    Populated Printable COP 2009 Rwanda Generated 9/28/2009 12:00:26 AM ***pages: 416*** Rwanda Page 1 Table 1: Overview Executive Summary File Name Content Type Date Uploaded Description Uploaded By RWANDA FY 2009 application/msword 11/25/2008 FY 2009 Rwanda Executive KLantis Executive Summary 25 Summary Nov 2009.doc Country Program Strategic Overview Will you be submitting changes to your country's 5-Year Strategy this year? If so, please briefly describe the changes you will be submitting. Yes X No Description: Ambassador Letter File Name Content Type Date Uploaded Description Uploaded By RWANDA FY 2009 application/pdf 11/14/2008 RWANDA FY 2009 KLantis Ambassador Letter.pdf Ambassador Letter Country Contacts Contact Type First Name Last Name Title Email DOD In-Country Contact Ronald J. Miller Defense Attache [email protected] HHS/CDC In-Country Contact Pratima Raghunathan Country Director [email protected] Peace Corps In-Country John Reddy Country Director [email protected] Contact USAID In-Country Contact Dennis Weller Mission Director [email protected] U.S. Embassy In-Country Cheryl Sim Deputy Chief of Mission [email protected] Contact Global Fund In-Country Daniel Ngamije PMU Coordinator [email protected] Representative Global Fund What is the planned funding for Global Fund Technical Assistance in FY 2009? $0 Does the USG assist GFATM proposal writing? Yes Does the USG participate on the CCM? Yes Generated 9/28/2009 12:00:26 AM ***pages: 416*** Rwanda Page 2 Table 2: Prevention, Care, and Treatment Targets 2.1 Targets for
    [Show full text]
  • Bugesera District Burera District Gakenke District Gasabo District
    Progress, but more effort Target achieved / on track Not on track N/A No data required Increase from last period Decrease from last period Proportion of Measles & Percentage of Proportion of Percentage of women Percentage of Rubella 2nd Delivery in Percentage of Newborn who new-born not Neonatal teenage receiving ANC 1 during ANC 4th mothers who dose (MR2) facility mother who received PNC 4 breathing service case delivery (19 postpartum 1st trimester standard visit Penta 3 received coverage, all coverage (w/ received PNC 4 Visit at 6 weeks successfully fatality years and Family coverage coverage BCG coverage coverage Iron+folic acid ages (BCG census-based Visit at 6 weeks after birth_new resuscitated rate_new under) planning (based on CBR) (based on CBR) (census-based) (census-based) during ANC denominator) target) 51.7 52.7 50.3 7.9 7.2 41.4 52 42.3 117 118.4 91.5 112.8 108 Bugesera District 76 75.3 84.3 5.3 8.3 71.6 51.7 40.5 84.8 87.4 96.7 121.2 69 Burera District 59.2 59.5 60.3 6.7 10.4 39.6 55.4 37.8 78.7 81.9 99.9 116.8 83 Gakenke District 24.4 24.5 70.7 4.4 3.3 28.3 52.8 35.7 123.2 117 59.6 87.7 124 Gasabo District 78.6 78 73.4 9.1 9.1 55 41.1 38 86.5 98.5 89.7 107.6 84 Gatsibo District 63.1 64.1 82 17.1 6.8 85.4 48.2 39.3 87.4 90.7 99 110.4 91 Gicumbi District 78.4 78.3 85.4 10.5 5.5 46.3 70.2 53.1 100.3 108.7 100 114.4 94 Gisagara District 61.6 63.2 68.2 15 4.4 64.5 50.8 36.1 91.5 89.8 100 101.1 95 Huye District 56 57.2 82.2 14.6 6.9 73.2 34.6 26.4 74.2 79.9 75.7 122.5 59 Kamonyi District 52.9 53 74.4 2.7 5.6 61.2 33.1 24
    [Show full text]
  • TWUBAKANE Decentralization and Health Program Rwanda
    TWUBAKANE Decentralization and Health Program Rwanda QUARTERLY PERFORMANCE MONITORING REPORT #18 APRIL— JUNE 2009 USAID/Rwanda Cooperative Agreement # 623-A-00-05-00020-00 Distribution: USAID/Rwanda Twubakane Team Partners Government of Rwanda Ministry of Local Administration Ministry of Health National AIDS Control Commission Twubakane Steering Committee Members Twubakane Partner Districts NGOs, Bilateral and Multi-lateral Partner Agencies Twubakane Quarterly Report #18, April-June, 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS ..................................................................................................................................... 1 TWUBAKANE PROGRAM HIGHLIGHTS APRIL-JUNE, 2009 ............................................................ 2 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 3 2. KEY ACCOMPLISHMENTS AND PROGRESS .......................................................................... 3 2.1 TWUBAKANE PROGRAM FIELD OFFICES ............................................................................ 4 3. PERFORMANCE REVIEW BY PROGRAM COMPONENT ........................................................ 4 3.1 FAMILY PLANNING/REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH ACCESS AND QUALITY .............................. 4 3.2 CHILD SURVIVAL, MALARIA AND NUTRITION ACCESS AND QUALITY .............................. 7 3.3 DECENTRALIZATION PLANNING, POLICY AND MANAGEMENT ....................................... 10 3.4 DISTRICT-LEVEL CAPACITY BUILDING ..........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Rwanda Economic Activity and Opportunity for Refugee Inclusion
    Report No: AUS0000807 . Rwanda Public Disclosure Authorized Economic Activity and Opportunity for Refugee Inclusion . Public Disclosure Authorized May 23, 2019 . URS . Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized . © 2019 The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org Some rights reserved This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given. Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: “World Bank (2019) Rwanda: Economic Activity and Opportunity for Refugee Inclusion. © World Bank.” All queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: [email protected]. 2 Rwanda: Economic Activity and Opportunity for Refugee Inclusion (P169985) Ministry in Charge of Emergency Management World Bank May 2019 3 Acknowledgements This report was prepared by joint team from the Government of Rwanda’s Ministry in Charge of Emergency Management (MINEMA) and the World Bank.
    [Show full text]
  • Monitoring Tracks Many Levels of Change
    MONITORING TRACKS MANY LEVELS OF CHANGE n the village of Rukoro, situated in the district of At each session, infants and young children are IRubavu along the shores of Lake Kivu, volunteer weighed to check that they are growing properly, community health worker Esperance Mukarundo while their mothers are able to participate in a recalls how only a year earlier, 28 children were savings group. Many have used sums from the detected as acutely malnourished. Most had group to purchase small livestock, such as hens been in the ‘red’ category, indicating severe acute that provide eggs for protein in children’s diet. The malnutrition, which requires inpatient treatment goal eventually is for everyone in the group to be at the local health centre. Today, 8 children still able to purchase health insurance, so that they linger in the ‘yellow’ category, denoting moderate can access the full range of health services for acute malnutrition, which can mostly be treated themselves and their families. in families through improved feeding and care Mukarundo is highly motivated to lead the practices. But no child is in red. Mukarundo can fight against nutrition in her village. Part of this is foresee the day when even the yellow number because she is supported by a local committee to drops to zero. eliminate malnutrition, which involves a number She tracks progress closely. Though the of local officials active on agriculture, economic national standard is a monthly session, she development, health and other issues, including gathers all mothers in the community who have the village chief. Gone are the days when nutrition malnourished children for a ‘Child Growth’ session in the village was an issue mainly for community each week.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Documents
    REPUBLIC OF RWANDA Public Disclosure Authorized MINISTRY IN CHARGE OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT P.O. Box: 4386 KIGALI Public Disclosure Authorized SOCIO-ECONOMIC INCLUSION OF REFUGEES AND HOST COMMUNITIES PROJECT (SEIRHCP) Public Disclosure Authorized ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF) FINAL REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized March 2019 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In the framework of improving the living conditions of refugees and host communities, the Government of Rwanda through the Ministry in Charge of Emergency Management and with the funding from the World Bank is developing the project entitled “Socio Economic Inclusion of Refugees and Host Communities” (SEIRHCP). The project will be implemented in the six Districts hosting refugee camps, namely Kirehe, Gatsibo, Karongi, Nyamagabe, Gisagara, and Gicumbi hosting respectively the refugee camps Mahama, Nyabiheke, Kiziba, Kigeme, Mugombwa, and Gihembe. The project has four components: the first component aims to ensure access to basic services and socio-economic investments. The component is divided into two parts: access to basic services (education, health and water) and socio-economic investments (roads and markets). The key sub- project activities will include construction, rehabilitation, or upgrading school infrastructures, health facilities, water and sanitation facilities, roads, and markets in six districts hosting refugees. The second component aims to ensure economic opportunity with access to finance (grants or loans) and livelihood opportunities to both refugees and host community. The main objectives of this component are to promote entrepreneurship and wage employment through access to finance (grants or loans) and to provide capacity building for improved access to finance to refugees and host communities. Component three aims to rehabilitate the environment in and around refugee camps.
    [Show full text]
  • Sustainability of Agricultural Crop Policies in Rwanda: an Integrated Cost–Benefit Analysis
    sustainability Article Sustainability of Agricultural Crop Policies in Rwanda: An Integrated Cost–Benefit Analysis Mikhail Miklyaev 1,2, Glenn Jenkins 1,2,* and David Shobowale 1 1 Faculty of Business and Economics, Eastern Mediterranean University, TRNC via Mersin 10, Gazima˘gusa99450, Turkey; [email protected] (M.M.); [email protected] (D.S.) 2 Department of Economics, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Rwanda has aimed to achieve food self-sufficiency but faces binding land and budgetary constraints. A set of government policies have been in force for 20 years that have controlled the major cropping decisions of farmers. A cost–benefit analysis methodology is employed to evaluate the financial and resource flow statements of the key stakeholders. The object of the analysis is to determine the sustainability of the prevailing agricultural policies from the perspectives of the farmers, the economy, and the government budget. A total of seven crops were evaluated. In all provinces, one or more of the crops were either not sustainable from the financial perspective of the farmers or are economically inefficient in the use of Rwanda’s scarce resources. The annual fiscal cost to the government of supporting the sector is substantial but overall viewed to be sustainable. A major refocusing is needed of agricultural policies, away from a monocropping strategy to one that allows the farmers to adapt to local circumstances. A more market-oriented approach is needed if the government wishes to achieve its economic development goal of having a sustainable agricultural sector that supports the policy goal of achieving food self-sufficiency.
    [Show full text]
  • In Rwanda: Mapping Regional Performance for Directed Interventions
    https://doi.org/10.4314/rjeste.v3i1.9S Improving Housing Conditions of Historically Marginalised People (HMPs) in Rwanda: Mapping Regional Performance for Directed Interventions Hategekimana, S.1, Twarabamenye, E.1, Nyandwi, E.1, Habimana, J. D.2, Musabyimana, M. Y.3 1. Department of Geography and Urban Planning, School of Architecture and Built Environment, College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, P.O. Box: 3900 Kigali, Rwanda 2. URBIS Limited, Nyarugenge District, P.O. Box: 5325 Kigali, Rwanda 3. Community of Potters of Rwanda (COPORWA), Kicukiro District, P.O. Box: 3809 Kigali, Rwanda Correspondence: Hategekimana Sylvere, Email: [email protected] Abstract Historically Marginalised People (HMPs), count between 0.2 and 0.4% of the Rwandan population. For many decades, they have been living in hatched houses that are not suitable for human habitation. For improving HMPs' living conditions, the Government of Rwanda committed to providing them with decent housing, access to basic infrastructure and services. For a good capture of the effectiveness of such initiatives, a survey on HMPs' housing conditions was conducted in 11 districts. Data were processed with SPSS thereafter mapped using QGIS. The study reveals that most of the HMPs villages live close to basic infrastructure and services. However, in six districts, more than 75% of HMPs households still live in derelict houses and more than 50% have no toilet and kitchen, this results in high exposure of their occupants to various diseases. On one hand, the Government of Rwanda and local government should sensitize the HMPs to build their houses themselves even though they may be assisted, and on the other introduce specific plans for their integration.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of the Causes of Financial And
    ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSES OF FINANCIAL AND NON- FINANCIAL WEAKNESSES IDENTIFIED IN THE AUDITOR GENERAL’S REPORTS OF DECENTRALIZED ENTITIES FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDING 30 JUNE 2014 www.tirwanda.orgwww.tirwanda.org Transparency International Rwanda is a local chapter of a global movement with one vision: a world in which government, business, civil society and the daily lives of people are free of corruption. Since 2004, we are contributing to the fight against corruption in Rwanda to turn this vision into reality. www.tirwanda.org 2 © 2015 Transparency International Rwanda. All rights reserved. Every effort has been made to verify the accuracy of the information contained in this report. All information was believed to be correct as of December 2015. Nevertheless, Transparency International Rwanda cannot accept responsibility for the consequences of its use for other purposes or in other contexts. www.tirwanda.orgwww.tirwanda.org EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Transparency International Rwanda (TI-Rw) analyses expenditure- and non-expenditure related weaknesses of decentralized entities as highlighted in the Auditor General’s Report since 2012. The present analysis, a third of its kind, has focused on the reports for the financial year ending June, 2014 for all districts and the City of Kigali. This report is intended to broad audience including both interested public and public finance and local government stakeholders. The total monetary value related to the identified weaknesses in districts reached 112,650,524,574 RWF in the financial year 2013/14. This is a slight improvement to the year 2012/13. Still, this decrease marks only a marginal improvement equivalent to 1% of all identified weaknesses.
    [Show full text]
  • Towards Realizing the Human Right to Health Care for Rwandan Rural Communities Through Community-Based Health Insurance (CBHI): the Case of Gisagara District
    Towards Realizing the Human Right to Health Care for Rwandan Rural Communities through Community-Based Health Insurance (CBHI): The Case of Gisagara District A Research Paper submitted by: Gregoire Sibomana (Rwanda) In partial fulfilment of the requirements for obtaining the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN DEVELOPMENT STUDIES Major: Human Rights, Gender and Conflict Studies: Social Justice Perspectives (SJP) Specialization: Human Rights Members of the Examining Committee: Dr. Helen Hintjens [Supervisor] Prof. Karin Arts [Reader] The Hague, The Netherlands November, 2014 Disclaimer: This document represents part of the author’s study programme while at the Institute of Social Studies. The views stated therein are those of the author and not necessarily those of the Institute. Inquiries: Postal address: Institute of Social Studies P.O. Box 29776 2502 LT The Hague The Netherlands Location: Kortenaerkade 12 2518 AX The Hague The Netherlands Telephone: +31 70 426 0460 Fax: +31 70 426 0799 ii CONTENTS CONTENTS ............................................................................................................... iii LIST OF ACRONYMS .............................................................................................. v LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................... vi LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................................................................vii
    [Show full text]