REPUBLIC OF RWANDA SFG3154 Public Disclosure Authorized MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND ANIMAL RESOURCES RWANDA FEEDER ROAD DEVELOPMENT PROJECT Public Disclosure Authorized FINAL REPORT Public Disclosure Authorized UPDATED ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK Public Disclosure Authorized February, 2017 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Roads are one of the most economically important infrastructures in Rwanda, given the fact that more than 95% of the country’s international trade is handled by land and there are hardly any land alternatives (such as railway). Internal communication is also almost exclusively by road. Yet the terrain and the economy of Rwanda are such that developing roads is a very costly venture both financially and environmentally. Unfortunately, district and unclassified roads, that principally constitute the feeder roads network, are in dismal state and are major constraint for the mobility of the rural population. The Government and development partners are intensifying their support not only to agriculture but also to infrastructure development to reduce post-harvest loss and the high transport price in the project areas. In this regards, the Government of Rwanda launched the Rwanda Feeder Roads Development Project (RFRDP) to develop agricultural marketing roads. This project completed designs for the rehabilitation, upgrading and maintenance of 500 km of indicative feeder roads in 4 Districts, namely Rwamagana, Gisagara, Karongi and Nyamasheke. Furthermore, the Government applied for additional financing for the rehabilitation, upgrading and maintenance of 1200 km of feeder roads in other six districtsand feasibility studies are still ongoing. The additional Districts include Nyagatare and Gatsibo of Eastern District, Nyaruguru of Southern Province, Nyabihu and Rutsiro of Western Province and Gakenke of Northern Province.The estimated cost for the total 1,700 km totals up One hundred and Sixteen million US dollars (US $ 116,000,000) over seven year period.Initially, approximately 450 km of the Government program proposed six additional Districts would be financed through a Multi- Donor Trust Fund (MDTF) managed by the World Bank. Although most project impacts are expected to be positive, some of the proposed feeder roads subprojects could create negative environmental and social impacts during theirimpleme ntation. Potential negative impacts expected during the implementation of FRDPin all 10 districts include loss of biodiversity, increase in soil erosionand risks of landslides which could causetemporary increases in sediment loads into rivers, loss of access (temporary or permanent) to natural resources; loss of land due to construction of infrastructure; increase in floods, temporary noise and air pollution nuisance due to construction works, sediments laden runoff from exposed areas mainly due to i MINAGRI, ESMF for Feeder Roads Development Project in R w a n d a vegetation clearing during construction; increase in solid waste, improper use of waste oils from construction equipments. Furthermore, rehabilitation of roads will need more lands that are private or public land for which compensation may be required. Some trees, crops and other structures that are within road reserve to be rehabilitated are also likely to be affected and will need compensation.The impacts on physical cultural resources within RoW and protected areas, park inclusive,are also predicted. In those locations where road widening could affect the PCRs and national parks, the road widening activity should be limited to the existing road width.The mitigation measures should be included in the roads designs. The project previously prepared the ESMF for the first four Districts which was disclosed in 2013. The ESIA/ESMP report for each subproject was prepared, disclosed and the detailed ESMP per road for Rwamagana and Gisagara subprojects where civil works started was prepared and its implementation is being monitored. Though no natural habitats were recorded in the subproject areas, the ESMF helped in the compliance with environmental assessment, physical cultural resources (PCR) and forests policies. The proposed mitigation measures for water resources, swamps and borrow pits (BP) rehabilitation were respected. The change in the BPs location and reduction in the number of PCR were noticed as the major challenges addressed during the previous ESMF implementation. The identification of new BPs was done to meet construction materials needs. The updated report is more detailed than that of the parent project. As the preparation of the Rwanda Feeder Roads Development Project for additional financing is under way, the World Bank OP 4.01 requires the Government of Rwanda to update the existing Environment and Social Management Framework (ESMF) to ensure that the planned activities in all Districts are environmentally and socially implemented in full compliance with Rwanda’s and the World Bank’s environmental policies and regulations. The updated ESMF for Feeder Roads Development Project provides a corporate environmental and social safeguard policy framework, institutional arrangements and capacity available to identify and mitigate potential safeguards issues and impacts of each sub-project (district). ii MINAGRI, ESMF for Feeder Roads Development Project in R w a n d a With the use of the updated ESMF, national environmental and social requirements for any affected community and entity will be met. This will also be consistent with the World Bank Operational policies OP4.01 and OP4.12 as well as other applicable safeguard provisions of the World Bank. The ESMF also represents a statement of policy, guiding principles and procedures of reference with focus on the road sector projects, agreeable to all key stakeholders such as the Rwanda Environmental Management Authority (REMA), Rwanda Development Board (RDB), the World Bank, Ministry of Infrastructure (MININFRA), and the implementing Agencies. This updated ESMF will briefly give guidance on how FRDP will properly manage associated environmental and social issues. Furthermore, this ESMF will be complemented by three other safeguards instruments. Firstly, Environmental Assessments (EAs) including Environmental and Social Management Plans (ESMPs) which will be prepared for each district. Secondly, a Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF) that is prepared to provide standards and procedures of compensation for any land acquisition, loss of assets, or restriction of access to resources that may take place as a result of RFRDP investments and finally, Resettlement Action Plans (RAP) will also be prepared for each district. iii MINAGRI, ESMF for Feeder Roads Development Project in R w a n d a INCAMAKE Imihanda ni kimwe mu bikorwaremezo bya ngomwa mu Rwanda, cyane cyane ko hejuru ya 95% by’ubucuruzi bukoresha imihanda. Ubuhaname bukabije bw’imisozi iyo mihanda inyuramo butuma iyagurwa ry’imihanda mu Rwanda rihenda kandi rikagira ingaruka ku bidukikije. Ibi ni mu gihe imihanda y’uturere kimwe n’uduhanda two mu cyaro duhuzaimihanda y’uturere n’ahantu hagiye hakomeye mu cyaro cyangwa hatuwe n’abantu benshi bari hamwe, imeze nabi ikaba ibangamiye ihahirana mu cyaro. Guverinoma y’u Rwanda n’Abaterankunga banyuranye bashyize ingufu mukuzamura ubuhinzi batibagiwe ibikorwaremezo mu rwego rwo kugabanya iyangirika ry’umusaruro n’igiciro gihanitse cyo gutwara abantu n’ibintu. Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yatangije Umushinga wo gutunganya imihanda yo mu cyaro (RFRDP) kugira ngo hatunganywe imihanda. Uyu Mushinga wakoze inyigo yo gusana, kwagura no gufata neza imihanda ku burebure bwa 500 km yatoranyijwe mu karere ka Rwamagana, Gisagara, Karongi na Nyamasheke. Mu rwego rwo gukomeza gutunganya imihanda yo mu cyaro, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yasabye inkunga y’inyongera yo gutunganya 1,200 km z’imihanda yo mu tundi turere dutandatu. Utwo turere ni Gatsibo na Nyagatare byo mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba, Nyaruguru yo mu Majyepfo, Rutsiro na Nyabihu byo mu Ntara y’Iburengerazuba ndetse na Gakenke yo mu Ntara y’Amajyaruguru. Igiciro cyose cy’Umushinga kingana na Miliyoni ijana na cumi n’esheshatu z’amadorari (116,000,000 $ US) mu gihe cy’imyaka irindwi. N’ubwo Umushinga ufite ingaruka nziza, har aho ushobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije mu gihe cy’ishyirwa mu bikorwa. utegerejweho ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije. Izo ngaruka mbi ni izi zikurikira: iyangirika ry’ibinyabuzima, kwiyongera kw’isuri n’inkangu, kubura ubutaka, kwiyongera k’imyuzure, urusaku n’iyangirika ry’umwuka wo mu kirere rishobora gutera indwara z’imyanya y’ubuhumekero, n’ubwiyongere bw’imyanda.Iyagurwa ry’imihanda kandi risaba ubutaka, bushobora kuba ubwa Leta cyangwa Abaturage, bityo indishyi ikwiye kubizangirika ikaba yakenerwa.Isuzuma ngaruka ku mitungo ndangamuco ibarizwa mu mbago z’umuhanda n’ibyanya bikomye, harimo pariki, naryo ryarakozwe. Mu rwego rwo kugabanya ingaruka kuri iyo mitungo, iyagurwa ry’umuhanda ntirigomba kurenga imbago zisanzweho; ibi kandi bikitabwaho mugishushanyo mbonera cy’umuhanda. iv MINAGRI, ESMF for Feeder Roads Development Project in R w a n d a Umushinga wateguye ESMF ku turere tune hanategurwa ESIA/ESMP kuri buri Karerena ESMPs mu turere imirimo yatangiye ziri gukurikianywa. N’ubwo nta mitungo kamere yagaragaye aho umushinga watangiriye, ESMF yafashije mu gukurikiza amategeko ajyanye n’isuzuma-ngaruka, kubungabunga imitungo ndangamuco n’amashyamba, Gahunda zashyizweho mu kurinda amazi, ibishanga no gusubiranya ibirombe zarakurikijwe. Ihinduka ry’ibirombe byari byateganyijwe n’imwe mu mbogamizi yagaragaye. Iyi ESMF nshya ifite amakuru