A Global Survey of Building Energy Efficiency Policies in Cities
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Ecodistricts Organization Engagement and Governance June 2011, Version 1.1
EcoDistricts Organization Engagement and Governance June 2011, Version 1.1 www.pdxinstitute.org/ecodistricts Copyright Copyright © 2011 Portland Sustainability Institute. All rights reserved. Acknowledgements The EcoDictricts Toolkits were developed by the Portland Sustainability Institute (PoSI) in partnership with practitioners from the EcoDistricts Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) in 2010-2011. Its publication would not have been possible without the dedication of these many volunteers. PoSI staff led the development, writing and research. TAC members reviewed draft toolkits and, in some cases, provided content. In addition, a targeted group of topic area experts provided a peer review. PoSI would like to thank the following individuals and organizations for their contributions and dedication to this process: Organization Working Group Jim Johnson (Chair), Oregon Solutions Paul Leistner, Portland Office of Neighborhood Involvement Jill Long, Lang Powell Tim O’Neal, Southeast Uplift Ethan Seltzer, Portland State University EcoDistricts Toolkit Organization Development, June 2011, Version 1.1 2 Contents Introduction .................................................................................... 4 Phase 1 – Engagement.................................................................. 6 Step 1. Engaging Stakeholders .................................................................6 Determine Representatives in Your Community...........................6 Make an Inventory of Community Resources.................................7 Define -
History of Energy
CONCISE ENCYCLOPEDIA OF HISTORY OF ENERGY Editor C. CLEVELAND Boston University, Boston, MA, USA ELSEVIER Amsterdam—Boston—Heidelberg—London—New York—Oxford Paris—San Diego—San Francisco—Singapore—Sydney—Tokyo CONTENTS Editor's Preface vii Alphabetical List of Articles ix c Coal Industry, History of Jaak J K Daemen 1 Coal Mining in Appalachia, History of Geoffrey L Buckley 17 Conservation Measures for Energy, History of John H Gibbons, Holly L Gwin 27 Conservation of Energy Concept, History of Elizabeth Garber 36 E Early Industrial World, Energy Flow in Richard D Periman 45 Economic Thought, History of Energy in Paul Christensen 53 Ecosystems and Energy: History and Overview Charles AS Hall 65 Electricity Use, History of David E Nye 77 Energy in the History and Philosophy of Science Robert P Crease 90 Environmental Change and Energy 1 G Simmons 94 F Fire: A Socioecological and Historical Survey Johan Goudsblom 105 G Geographic Thought, History of Energy in Barry D Solomon, Martin J pasqualetti 117 H Hydrogen, History of Seth Dunn 127 Hydropower, History and Technology of John S Gulliver, Roger E A Arndt 138 M Manufactured Gas, History of Joel A Tarr 153 N Natural Gas, History of Christopher J Castaneda 163 Nuclear Power, History of Robert J Duffy 175 Contents O Oil Crises, Historical Perspective Mamdouh G Salameh 189 Oil Industry, History of August W Giebelhaus 203 OPEC Market Behavior, 1973-2003 A F Alhajji 215 OPEC, History of Fadhil J Chalabi 228 P Prices of Energy, History of Peter Berck, Michael J Roberts 241 Q Sociopolitical Collapse, Energy and Joseph A Tainter 251 Solar Energy, History of John Perlin 265 T Thermodynamic Sciences, History of Keith Hutchison 281 Transitions in Energy Use Arnulf Grübler 287 w War and Energy Vaclav Smil 301 Wind Energy, History of Martin Pasqualetti, Robert Righter, Paul Gipe 309 Wood Energy, History of John Perlin 323 World History and Energy Vaclav Smil 331 List of Contributors 343 Subject Index 345 vi. -
Innovating Cities Policy Report for EU R&I Sustainable Urban Development
Innovating Cities Policy Report for EU R&I Sustainable Urban Development Cities P4P-Project for Policy: Policy Review Report from EU DG R&I funded urban projects under Framework Programme Seven (FP7) Written by David Ludlow, Ana Bartolo, Maria Del Mar Delgado, Evgenia Koutsomarkou, Elena Marchigiani, Daniel Monterescu December – 2019 Innovating Cities Policy Report for EU R&I Sustainable Urban Development European Commission Directorate-General for Research and Innovation Directorate D — Clean Planet Unit D.2 —Future Urban & Mobility Systems Contact Maria Yeroyanni Email [email protected] [email protected] European Commission B-1049 Brussels Manuscript completed in December 2019 The European Commission is not liable for any consequence stemming from the reuse of this publication. The views expressed in this publication are the sole responsibility of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. More information on the European Union is available on the internet (http://europa.eu). PDF ISBN 978-92-79-62954-9 doi:10.2777/389661 KI-04-16-933-EN-N Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2020 © European Union, 2020 The reuse policy of European Commission documents is implemented based on Commission Decision 2011/833/EU of 12 December 2011 on the reuse of Commission documents (OJ L 330, 14.12.2011, p. 39). Except otherwise noted, the reuse of this document is authorised under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY 4.0) licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). This means that reuse is allowed provided appropriate credit is given and any changes are indicated. -
Chapter 1: Energy Challenges September 2015 1 Energy Challenges
QUADRENNIAL TECHNOLOGY REVIEW AN ASSESSMENT OF ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND RESEARCH OPPORTUNITIES Chapter 1: Energy Challenges September 2015 1 Energy Challenges Energy is the Engine of the U.S. Economy Quadrennial Technology Review 1 1 Energy Challenges 1.1 Introduction The United States’ energy system, vast in size and increasingly complex, is the engine of the economy. The national energy enterprise has served us well, driving unprecedented economic growth and prosperity and supporting our national security. The U.S. energy system is entering a period of unprecedented change; new technologies, new requirements, and new vulnerabilities are transforming the system. The challenge is to transition to energy systems and technologies that simultaneously address the nation’s most fundamental needs—energy security, economic competitiveness, and environmental responsibility—while providing better energy services. Emerging advanced energy technologies can do much to address these challenges, but further improvements in cost and performance are important.1 Carefully targeted research, development, demonstration, and deployment (RDD&D) are essential to achieving these improvements and enabling us to meet our nation’s energy objectives. This report, the 2015 Quadrennial Technology Review (QTR 2015), examines science and technology RDD&D opportunities across the entire U.S. energy system. It focuses primarily on technologies with commercialization potential in the mid-term and beyond. It frames various tradeoffs that all energy technologies must balance, across such dimensions as diversity and security of supply, cost, environmental impacts, reliability, land use, and materials use. Finally, it provides data and analysis on RDD&D pathways to assist decision makers as they set priorities, subject to budget constraints, to develop more secure, affordable, and sustainable energy services. -
Portland Pilot Program Evaluation 2 (1)
Portland Ecodistrict Pilot Program Evaluation Report of Findings FEBRUARY 2015 © 2015 EcoDistricts. All Rights Reserved 1223 SW Washington St., Suite 200 Portland, OR 97205 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary 4 Background 7 Beyond the Portland Pilot 10 Pilot Evaluations 11 South of Market 12 South Waterfront 22 Foster-Green (Lents) 32 Gateway 44 Lloyd 52 Lessons Learned 60 Appendix 64 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Through the support of the Bullitt Foundation, EcoDistricts undertook an evaluation of the Portland Ecodistrict Pilot program, a three-year partnership between the City of Portland, Portland Development Commission (PDC) and Portland Sustainability Institute (PoSI) to accelerate sustainable neighborhood-scale projects in five districts throughout Portland between 2009 and 2012. The City selected the five following districts to participate in the program in order to promote sustainability across a diverse set of neighborhood “typologies”: • Portland State University - South of Market Ecodistrict (“SoMa”) • North Macadam Urban Renewal Area - South Waterfront Ecodistrict • Lents Urban Renewal Area - Foster-Green Ecodistrict • Gateway Urban Renewal Area - Gateway Ecodistrict • Lloyd District - Lloyd Ecodistrict This evaluation is one element of a four-part Bullitt funded project to more deeply understand best practices for district and neighborhood sustainable development in the region. The four elements are: Portland Pilot program evaluation; analysis of neighborhood sustainability projects in the Cascadia Region; update of the EcoDistricts Protocol; and a technical guide for green infrastructure and ecosystem services. All four elements of this project have been designed to inform the development of the Global EcoDistricts Protocol and other EcoDistricts-initiated programs intended to accelerate district-scale sustainable development in the region and beyond. -
Pathways to Sustainable Energy Accelerating Energy Transition in the UNECE Region
UNEC E Pathways to Sustainable Energy Accelerating Energy Transition in the UNECE Region Energy underpins economic development and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and has a critical role to play in climate change mitigation. The recognition of the role that energy plays in modern society is highly signicant, however, there remains an important disconnection between agreed energy and climate targets and the Pathways to Sustainable Energy • Accelerating Transition in the UNECE Region approaches in place today to achieve them. Only international cooperation and innovation can deliver the accelerated and more ambitious strategies. Policies will be needed to ll the persistent gaps to achieve the 2030 Agenda. If the gaps are not addressed urgently, progressively more drastic and expensive measures will be required to avoid extreme and potentially unrecoverable social impacts as countries try to cope with climate change. This report uniquely focuses on sustainable energy in the UNECE region up to 2050 as regional economic cooperation is an important factor in achieving sustainable energy. Arriving at a state of attaining sustainable energy is a complex social, political, economic and technological challenge. The UNECE countries have not agreed on how collectively they will achieve energy for sustainable development. Given the role of the UNECE to promote economic cooperation it is important to explore the implications of dierent sustainable energy pathways and for countries to work together on developing and deploying policies and measures. Pathways to Sustainable Energy Accelerating Energy Transition in the UNECE Region 67UNECE Energy Series UNIT Palais des Nations CH - 1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland E Telephone: +41(0)22 917 12 34 D E-mail: [email protected] N A Website: www.unece.org TION S UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE Pathways to Sustainable Energy - Accelerating Energy Transition in the UNECE Region ECE ENERGY SERIES No. -
LLOYD Ecodistrict ROADMAP
LLOYD ECODISTRICT ROADMAP PROSPEROUS EFFICIENT BIOPHILIC CONNECTED NOVEMBER 2012 Contributors CLIENT ADVISORY TEAM Portland Development Commission Lloyd EcoDistrict Board Lloyd EcoDistrict Lisa Abuaf Irene Bowers Ashforth Pacific Technical Advisory Committee Lew Bowers Hank Ashforth Portland Development Commission Irene Bowers Lloyd EcoDistrict Bonneville Power Administration Sarah Heinicke Anita Decker Portland Bureau of Planning and Sustainability Vinh Mason Doubletree Hotels PROJECT LEAD Arianne Sperry Terry Goldman Portland Sustainability Institute David Tooze Rob Bennett Glimcher Properties Bruce Walker Wanda Rosenbarger Naomi Cole Portland Bureau of Transportation Langley Investment Properties Peter Hurley CONSULTANTS Wade Lange Portland Bureau of Environmental Services Puttman Infrastructure, Inc. Liberty Northwest Alice Brawley-Chesworth Tom Puttman Danny Schamma Amy Chomowicz Arup Linda Dobson Lloyd TMA Stephen Burges Tim Kurtz Rick Williams Orion Fulton Brian Wethington Dave Whitaker Cole Roberts Metro John Williams Zero Waste Alliance Portland Water Bureau Janet Senior Jay Coalson Oregon Convention Center Brittin Witzenburg Lloyd EcoDistrict Sarah Heinicke PacifiCorp Pat Egan Lloyd TMA Owen Ronchelli Portland Development Commission Lindsay Walker Lew Bowers Metro Portland Mayor’s Office Matt Korot Lisa Libby Portland Sustainability Institute Rob Bennett Rose Quarter Chris Oxley Justin Zeulner LLOYD ECODISTRICT ROADMAP PROSPEROUS EFFICIENT BIOPHILIC CONNECTED WWW.PDXINSTITUTE.ORG PORTLAND SUSTAINABILITY INSTITUTE 2 Table of -
The Ecodistrict: a Framework for Environmental Mitigation at the Neighborhood Level Stephen Deal
10 AUGUST 2017 • W ATER LOG 37:3 The Ecodistrict: A Framework for Environmental Mitigation at the Neighborhood Level Stephen Deal A view of Millvale, Pennsylvania. Photograph courtesy of ornoth Liscomb. While there are many conservation groups that focus planning process, ecodistrict neighborhoods can then use on preserving pristine wilderness, few groups focus on this baseline to craft projects and performance goals that greening up the city landscape. Worse yet, an overly improve upon existing environmental conditions. This simplistic understanding of natural systems in an type of planning approach has value because it ties urban context may result in greenery that amounts to environmental mitigation directly into the institutional little more than window dressing and is not fully life of a neighborhood. integrated to provide comprehensive ecosystem services. New Urbanist developer Andres Duany used the An ecodistrict and its elements term “green camouflage” when describing green The Portland Sustainability Institute provides a good infrastructure that fails to properly acknowledge its definition of the term ecodistrict: urban context: “an urban paradigm cannot be based on An EcoDistrict is a neighborhood that is committed the implantation of natural vignettes in the residual to sustainability that links green buildings, smart places between buildings.” 1 infrastructure and behavior to meet ambitious One way to ensure that urban greenery provides sustainability goals over time. EcoDistricts are the tangible benefits is to create an ecodistrict. An ecodistrict right scale to generate sustainability – small enough helps establish a baseline of environmental performance to innovate quickly and big enough to have a in a neighborhood. By engaging in a comprehensive meaningful impact. -
The SW Ecodistrict, a Vision Plan for a More Sustainable Future
| SW Ecodistrict National Capital Planning Commission The National Capital Planning Commission is the federal government’s central planning agency in the District of Columbia and surrounding counties in Maryland and Virginia. The Commission provides overall planning guidance for federal land and buildings in the region. It also reviews the design of federal construction projects, oversees long-range planning for future development, and monitors investment by federal agencies. COMMISSION L. Preston Bryant, Jr., Chairman, Presidential Appointee John M. Hart, Presidential Appointee Elizabeth Ann White, Presidential Appointee Arrington Dixon, Mayoral Appointee Robert E. Miller, Mayoral Appointee, NCPC Vice Chairman The Honorable Leon E. Panetta, Secretary of Defense Represented by Bradley Provancha The Honorable Ken Salazar, Secretary of the Interior Represented by Peter May The Honorable Dan Tangherlini, Acting Administrator of General Services Represented by Mina Wright The Honorable Joseph I. Lieberman, Chairman, Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs, United States Senate Represented by Elyse Greenwald The Honorable Darrell Issa, Chairman, Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, United States House of Representatives Represented by Howard A. Denis The Honorable Vincent C. Gray, Mayor, District of Columbia Represented by Harriet Tregoning The Honorable Phil Mendelson, Chairman, Council of the District of Columbia Represented by the Honorable Tommy Wells, Member, Council of the District of Columbia Marcel Acosta, Executive Director The SW Ecodistrict Plan was prepared through the collaboration of the federal government and the District of Columbia. The National Capital Planning Commission had primary responsibility for oversight of the project and ZGF Architects LLP served as the principal consultant. SW Ecodistrict | Chairman's Message We have a compelling opportunity to revitalize a federal precinct in the heart of the nation’s capital into a showcase of sustainability. -
Read the Five Year Report
EcoDistricts #NeighborhoodsForAll Our First Five Years | 2013 - 2018 5 YEARS STRONG Message From Rob I founded EcoDistricts five years ago with a simple idea: to make our neighborhoods the center of the global sustainability movement. I was inspired by two simple truths: 1) the community a child is born into does more to influence that child’s future than any other factor; and 2) the neighborhood is the most important scale to implement positive change. Neighborhood development is complex, messy and requires strong leadership and collaboration. We started EcoDistricts with a focus on two key priorities: defining what success looks like with the launch of EcoDistricts Certified and building a “campfire” to convene and deepen the industry’s commitment to equity and sustainability. What started as a pilot program in my home city of Portland, Oregon has become a growing movement of thousands of urban and community development leaders across North America and around the world making neighborhood- scale commitments to equity, resilience and climate protection. In the following pages, you’ll be introduced to people and projects who have led the way in our first five years. With more people moving into cities than at any other time in history and the impacts of global warming being felt the world over, the need for inspired leadership has never been greater. We at EcoDistricts never take for granted the fact that we get to do what we love every day. We’re constantly inspired by the urban development and community leaders who are tirelessly working to imagine a brighter future. -
Examining the History of Texas Energy Efficiency Programs
Examining the History of Texas Energy Efficiency Programs The Effect of Changes in the EERS Goal Authors: Rob Bevill, Policy Manager Brennan Howell, State and Local Policy Manager June 2017 www.EEPartnership.org Page 2 About the South-central Partnership for Energy Efficiency as a Resource (SPEER) SPEER is a regional non-profit organization dedicated to increasing and accelerating the adoption of energy efficient products, technologies, and services in Texas and Oklahoma. Much of SPEER’s work focuses on finding the best market-based approaches to increase energy efficiency and overcoming persistent market barriers. The views expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the views of all of SPEER’s members, funders, or supporters. For more information about SPEER, please visit: www.eepartnership.org Copyright Notice Copyright © 2016, The South-central Partnership for Energy Efficiency as a Resource. All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, modified, rewritten, or distributed, electronically or by any other means, without the express written consent of the South-central Partnership for Energy Efficiency as a Resource. www.EEPartnership.org Page 3 I. THE GOAL FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY: AN OVERVIEW In 1999, the Texas Legislature took on the task of restructuring the state’s electricity sector and as part of that process established a Goal for Energy Efficiency,1 the first energy efficiency resource standard (EERS) in the country. Generation, retail sales and customer relations were unbundled from the traditional Investor Owned Utilities (IOUs). The transmission and distribution portion of the previously vertically integrated utilities were the only market segment that continued to be regulated, so they were assigned the responsibility of administering the energy efficiency programs needed to meet the EERS.2 While there was not yet an appetite among many industry stakeholders to reduce the total demand for electricity, the Legislature compromised by adopting a goal to reduce the rate of growth. -
E History of Energy the Sun the Sun Was the First Energy Source
e History of Energy The Sun The sun was the first energy source. It provided light and heat to the first humans. During the day, the people searched for food. They had no home. When it began to get dark, they looked for shelter. Once the sun went down, the world was dark and cold. The moon and stars gave the only light. People huddled together for warmth. Fire Once in a while, lightning started fires. Early humans saw the fire and were afraid. They saw the animals run in fear. But one day they didn’t run away. Maybe they felt the heat on a cold day. Maybe they noticed they could see at night with the fire. No one knows how it happened. One brave person carried a burning branch to a cave. People put wood on the fire to keep it going. The fire kept them warm. It gave them light. It kept dangerous animals away. For the first time, people had a home. They no longer slept wherever they were at the end of the day. The hunters came home at night to their fire and safety. The children and the elders made sure the fire did not go out. These early cave dwellers didn’t know how to start a fire. If the fire went out, they had to wait until lightning struck again. Keeping the fire going was a very important job. They had the first energy source they could control. Later, they learned how to start fires. They rubbed pieces of flint together to make sparks.