The Contributors

Antonio Ac´ın is a Telecommunication Engineer from the Universitat Polit`ecnica de Catalunya and has a degree in Physics from the Universitat de Barcelona (UB). He got his PhD in Theoretical Physics in 2001 from the UB. After a post-doctoral stay in Geneva, in the group of Prof. Gisin (GAP-Optique), he joined the ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences of Barcelona as a post-doc in 2003. He first became Assistant Profes- sor there in 2005 and later Associate Professor (April 2008). More recently, he has become an ICREA (a Cata- lan Research Institution) Research Professor, September 2008, and has been awarded a Starting Grant by the European Research Council (ERC). E-mail: [email protected]

Diederik Aerts is professor at the ‘Brussels Free University (Vrije Universiteit Brussel - VUB)’ and director of the ‘Leo Apostel Centre (CLEA)’, an interdisciplinary and interuniversity (VUB, UGent, KULeuven) research centre, where researchers of dif- ferent disciplines work on interdisciplinary projects. He is also head of the research group ‘Foundations of the Exact Sciences (FUND)’ at the VUB and editor of the international journal ‘Foundations of Science (FOS)’. His work centers on the foundations of quan- tum mechanics and its interpretation, and recently he has investigated the applications of quantum structures to new domains such as cognitive science and psychology. E-mail: [email protected]

871 872 The Contributors

Hanne Andersen holds a MSc in physics and comparative literature from the University of Copen- hagen and a PhD in philosophy of science from the University of Roskilde, Denmark, and she is currently associate professor at the Department for Sci- ence Studies at the University of Aarhus, Denmark. Among her publications are On Kuhn (Wadsworth 2001) and The Cognitive Structure of Scientific Rev- olutions (co-authored with Peter Barker and Xiang Chen, Cambridge University Press 2006). E-mail: [email protected]

Jean-Pierre Antoine (1940) received his MS and his PhD in Physics from Universit´e catholique de Louvain, in 1962 and 1966, respectively. After postdoctoral positions at Princeton University (NJ), University of Pittsburgh (PA), and Universit´edeGen`eve (Switzer- land), he spent his academic career at the Universit´e catholique de Louvain. He was also invited professor at many foreign universities. At the Universit´e catholique de Louvain, he was Head of the Institute of Theoret- ical and Mathematical Physics (FYMA), Chairman of the Department of Physics, and member of various university committees. He is a member of the European Physical Society, the Amer- ican Physical Society, the International Association of Mathematical Physics, the American Mathematical Society. E-mail: [email protected]

Theodore Arabatzis is Associate Professor of History and Philosophy of Physics at the University of Athens. He has written on late nineteenth and early twentieth century physics and chemistry. He has also published on philosophical and historiographical issues concerning conceptual change, scientific realism, and experimen- tation. He is the author of Representing Electrons: A Biographical Approach to Theoretical Entities (2006). E-mail: [email protected] The Contributors 873

Markus Arndt is presently full professor of Quantum Nanophysics at the University of Vienna. His research is focused on quantum optics and in- terferometry with clusters and large molecules, aiming at understanding the quantum/classical transition and applications of molecule interferometry for metrology and lithography. His started his research as a Diploma student with H. Walther in LMU Munich, continued as a PhD student with T. W. H¨ansch at the Max-Planck Institute for Quantum Optics in Garching, was a Post- doc with J. Dalibard at the Ecole Normale Superieure« in Paris and with A. Zeilinger at the University of Innsbruck. His research on molecule interferometry was awarded the START prize (BM:BWK, FWF), Kohlrausch prize (OPG)¨ and Erich Schmid prize (OAW).¨ E-mail: [email protected]

Leslie Ballentine is a Professor Emeritus at Simon Fraser University, in Burnaby, B.C., Canada. Born in 1940 at Wainwright, Alberta, he completed a B.Sc. and M.Sc. at the University of Alberta before going to Cambridge, England for his Ph.D. His earlier research activities were in condensed matter physics and statis- tical mechanics, but those have gradually given way to his current interests, which include the foundations of quantum mechanics, quantum chaos, and the emergence of classical behavior from quantum mechanics. E-mail: Leslie [email protected]

Jeffrey A. Barrett is Professor of Logic and Philosophy of Science at UC Irvine. He is author of The Quantum Mechanics on Minds and Worlds Oxford University Press (2001), the online Stanford Encyclo- pedia of Philosophy article on Everett’s relative-state formulation of quantum mechanics, and many journal articles on the quantum measurement problem more generally. E-mail: [email protected] 874 The Contributors

Charlotte Bigg is an historian of physics, chemistry and astrophysics in the nineteenth and twentieth cen- turies. After completing her PhD on the history of spectroscopy at the University of Cambridge in 2002, she worked at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin and at ETH Zurich in Switzerland. She is currently a research scientist at the Centre Alexandre Koyr´e/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique in Paris. E-mail: [email protected]

Dr. Robert C. Bishop is Associate Professor of Physics and Philosophy and the John and Madeleine McIntyre Professor of History and Philosophy of Sci- ence at Wheaton College. He held research postdocs in Germany and taught at The London School of Eco- nomics and Political Science, University of Oxford and Rice University before coming to Wheaton. His research interests are in the foundations of physics and interre- lations between physics, consciousness and free will. E-mail: [email protected]

Arno Bohm is Professor of Physics at the University of Texas at Austin. His research covers group theoretical methods in particle physics, the idea of the spectrum generating group, relativistic spectrum generating group and relativistic collective models. He is also engaged in research on the quantum geometric phase and founda- tions and applications in molecule physics (1989–1993). He worked on the rigged Hilbert space formulation of quantum mechanics (1964–1966), with applications to decay and Golden Rule, time evolution semigroup (1975–1981), and irreversible quantum theory (1993– 2001). E-mail: [email protected]

Arianna Borrelli has worked in research both as a theoretical physicist and as a historian of pre-modern natural philosophy and modern science. She is at present collaborating in a joint project on the “His- tory and Foundations of Quantum Mechanics” of the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science and the Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society. E-mail: [email protected] The Contributors 875

Marianne Breinig was certified as a teacher of Mathematics and Physics by the J. W. Goethe Univer- sit¨at, Frankfurt, Germany in 1972. In 1975 she received an MA and in 1979 a PhD in Physics from the Univer- sity of Oregon. After 2 years as a Postdoctoral Research Associate she joined the faculty at the University of Ten- nessee in 1981. Since 1988 she has also held a position as Adjunct R and D Participant in the Physics Divi- sion of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. She focuses her efforts in the areas of atomic collision physics and physics teaching and instructional technology. E-mail: [email protected]

Hans J. Briegel obtained his PhD in Theoretical Physics from the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit¨at (LMU) Munich in 1994. He worked as a postdoctoral researcher at Texas A&M University, Harvard Univer- sity, and Innsbruck University. From 1998 to 2003 he was at the LMU Munich, where he received his Habil- itation. In 2003, he joined the faculty of physics at the University of Innsbruck as a Full Professor. He is also a Scientific Director at the Institute for Quantum Optics and Quantum Information of the Austrian Academy of Sciences in Innsbruck. His current research interests include the theory of quantum information and computation, molecular biophysics, and the foundations of quantum mechanics. E-mail: [email protected]

Dagmar Bruss completed her doctorate in theoretical particle physics in 1994 at the University of Heidelberg, Germany. She joined the University of Oxford, England, as a European Research Fellow from 1996 to 1997, where she started to work in the newly emerging field of quantum information theory. She spent another European Fellowship in 1998 at ISI Torino, and then joined the University of Hannover, Germany, where she completed her Habilitation in 2002. Since 2004 Dagmar Bruss has been Full Professor at the Institute for Theoretical Physics at Heinrich-Heine-University of D¨usseldorf, Germany. Her main research interests are quantum information the- ory, in particular foundations, entanglement theory, quantum cloning and state estimation, quantum cryptography, and quantum optical implementations. E-mail: [email protected] 876 The Contributors

Jeffrey Bub (PhD, London University, 1966, in mathematical physics) is distinguished university pro- fessor in the Department of Philosophy and the Institute for Physical Science and Technology at the Univer- sity of Maryland. He has numerous publications on the conceptual foundations of quantum mechanics and is the author of two books: The Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics (Reidel, 1974) and Interpreting the Quantum World (Cambridge University Press, 1997/1999), which won the prestigious Lakatos Award in 1998. His current research is focused on foundational questions arising in the field of quantum information and computation. He was awarded the Kirwan Faculty Research and Scholarship Prize in 2005 for his work in this area. E-mail: [email protected]

Paul Busch is Professor of Mathematical Physics at the University of York (since 2005). His research interests lie in the foundations of quantum physics and quantum information, with a focus on the quantum theory of mea- surement, quantum theory and relativity, and the notion of unsharp quantum reality. He studied physics, math- ematics and philosophy at the University of Cologne and received his doctorate in theoretical physics there in 1982. He has held postdoctoral research positions at the University of Cologne and the Max Planck Institute for biophysical Chemistry, G¨ottingen, and long-term visiting positions in Florida, Heidelberg, Harvard, and at the Perimeter Institute. He has published over 90 papers and is coauthor of two monographs, The Quantum Theory of Measurement (Springer, 1991/1996) and Operational Quantum Physics (Springer, 1995/1997). Since 2005 he has served as associate editor of the journal Foundations of Physics. In 2008 he was elected Member of L’Acad´emie de Philoso- phie des Sciences. E-mail: [email protected]

Craig Callender is professor of philosophy at the University of California, San Diego. He received his PhD in Philosophy from Rutgers University in 1997, writing a dissertation on the problem of the direc- tion of time. He then worked at the London School of Economics in the Department of Logic, Philosophy and Scientific Method as lecturer and senior lecturer from 1996–2000. In 2001 he moved to UCSD, where he continues to work on the philosophical founda- tions of statistical mechanics, quantum mechanics and relativity. He is particularly interested in the intersec- tion between philosophy of time and physics. E-mail: [email protected] The Contributors 877

Howard Carmichael earned a PhD from the University of Waikato in 1977. He joined the faculty of the University of Arkansas in 1983 and moved to the University of Oregon in 1989 where he was Pro- fessor of Physics from 1991 to 2001. He is currently a member of the Physics Department at the University of Auckland where he holds the Dan Walls Chair in theoretical physics. Professor Carmichael is a Fellow of the American Physical, the Optical Society of Amer- ica, and the Royal Society of New Zealand. E-mail: [email protected]

Brian Clegg was born in Rochdale, Lancashire, UK (now at Swindon, UK). After graduating from Cambridge University (specializing in experimental physics), he gained an MA in Operational Research at Lancaster University, and went on to join British Airways, where he formed a new department devel- oping hi-tech solutions for the airline. In 1994 he left BA and has since written a range of science books for a general readership including The God Effect and A Brief History of Infinity. Brian is edi- tor of the www.popularscience.co.uk book review site and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts. E-mail: [email protected]

John G. Cramer was born in Houston, Texas, USA. He attended Rice University in Houston, receiving BA, MA, and PhD degrees, the latter in experimental nu- clear physics. He is currently Professor of Physics at Washington University. He became director of the Uni- versity of Washington Nuclear Physics Laboratory in 1984 and oversaw the construction of the DOE-funded $10 million Superconducting Booster Project, which was completed on time and under budget. In 1990 he stepped down as NPL Director and turned his research in a new direction focused primarily on ultra relativistic heavy ion physics. Since then, he has been an active participant in the NA35 and NA49 Collaborations at CERN and the STAR Collaboration at the RHIC Facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Since the 1980s he has also worked in the foun- dations and interpretation of quantum mechanics. He introduced the transactional interpretation of quantum mechanics, a leading rival of the orthodox Copenhagen interpretation. E-mail: [email protected] 878 The Contributors

Cecile´ DeWitt-Morette Jane and Roland Blumberg, Centennial Professor in Physics, Emerita, University of Texas at Austin, Doctorat d’Etat (Universit´edeParis, 1947). Founder of the Ecole de Physique (Les Houches). Professional appointments in France and in the U.S.. Visiting appointments in several countries (Ireland, Denmark, Brazil, England, India, Portugal, Germany, Iran). Author of “Analysis, Manifolds and Physics” (2 volumes) with Yvonne Choquet-Bruhat, “Functional In- tegration; Action and Symmetries” with Pierre Cartier; over 100 research articles, many of them related to functional integration since 1951. E-mail: [email protected]

Detlev D¨urr was born in 1951, Germany. He obtained his PhD in Physics from the University of M¨unster in 1978 and his habilitation in mathematics at Bochum in 1984. He was a Postdoc in the Department of Mathe- matics (Rutgers 1979–1985 with interruptions) and a Heisenberg fellow (DFG) from 1985 to 1989. He has been Professor of Mathematics at the ‘Mathematis- ches Institut LMU M¨unchen’ since 1989. His research area is Physics/Mathematical Physics/Mathematics. Books: Bohmian Mechanics (Springer 2009); Chance in Physics, Springer Lecture Notes in Physics, Editor (2001); The Quantum Universe, IOP Special Edition, Guest-Editor (2007). E-mail: [email protected]

Michael Eckert Diplom degree (1976) in physics at the Technical University, M¨unich; doctorate there and at the University of Bayreuth in theoretical physics (1979 Dr. rer. nat.); staff researcher at the Deutsches Museum (1981–88); reader of mathematics, physics and computer science for the Bavarian textbook pub- lishers in M¨unich (1989–95); staff researcher at the University of M¨unich (1995–2000) and at the Deutsches Museum (2001 to date). Project topics: history of solid- state physics, microelectronics and nuclear energy in the FRG, editor of the Sommerfeld works, history of fluid-aerodynamics, biography of A. Sommerfeld. His recent books include Arnold Sommerfeld: Wissenchaftlicher Briefwechsel (2 volumes: 2000, 2004); The Dawn of Fluid Dynamics (2006). E-mail: [email protected] The Contributors 879

Brigitte Falkenburg studied physics in Erlangen, Berlin and Heidelberg and philosophy in Bielefeld. She gained a D. Phil. in 1985 and, a year later, a doc- torate in experimental particle physics. Since 1997 she has been full professor for Theoretical Philosophy and the Philosophy of Science and Technology at the Tech- nical University of Dortmund. She is a member of the Academie` Internationale de la Philosophie des Sciences, and the European Academy of Science and speaker of the Philosophy of Physics Working Group of the Ger- man Physical Society. She has won prizes for her work on philosophy of science and has published numerous books and papers on various aspects of physics and metaphysics. E-mail: [email protected]

Roman Frigg is a Senior Lecturer in philosophy at the London School of Economics. He holds a PhD from the University of London. His main research interests lie in general philosophy of science and philos- ophy of physics. He has published papers on quantum mechanics, the foundations of statistical mechanics, randomness, chaos, complexity theory, probability, scientific models, computer simulations, and he is currently working on book on models and theories. Further information can be found on his website at www.romanfrigg.org. E-mail: [email protected]

Daniel J. Gauthier received the B.S. (1982), M.S. (1983), and Ph.D. (1989) degrees from the Institute of Optics, University of Rochester. He is a Fellow of the Optical Society of America and the American Phys- ical Society and is Professor and Chair of Physics at Duke University. His research interests include applica- tions of slow light in classical and quantum information processing. E-mail: [email protected] 880 The Contributors

Kostas Gavroglu is professor of history of science at the Department of History and Philosophy of Athens at the University of Athens, Greece. He is also the Director of the Historical Archive of the University of Athens. His research interests are the history of artificial cold (mainly superconductivity and super- fluidity), the history of quantum chemistry and the reception of ideas in the Balkans during the 19th cen- tury. Among his books is the biography of Fritz London (Cambridge University Press, 1995). For further de- tails see http://www.phs.uoa.gr/dlab/gavroglou. E-mail: [email protected]

Clayton Gearhart is Professor of Physics at St. John’s University in Collegeville, Minnesota. His PhD thesis comprised an experimental study of liquid helium. His current main interests include the history of thermody- namics, statistical mechanics, and early quantum theory. E-mail: [email protected]

Rolf Gerhardts received his academic education and degrees (Dr. rer. nat. in 1969 and, after a post-doctoral year at Stanford, Habilitation in 1975) at Cologne. After about 11 years at the FU Berlin, since 1982 as Professor, he moved to the MPI for Solid State Re- search in Stuttgart in 1986. Since 1997 he has been ‘apl. Professor’ at the University of W¨urzburg. E-mail: [email protected]

Domenico Giulini was born in Heidelberg (Germany) where he also did his undergraduate studies in Physics and Mathematics before going to Cambridge (England), where he finished his Ph.D. in 1990 on a topic in mathe- matical general relativity under the supervision of Gary Gibbons. Between 1997 and 2001 he worked at the Uni- versity of Z¨urich with Norbert Straumann and between 2007 and 2009 at the Max-Planck-Institute for Gravi- tational Physics (Albert-Einstein Institute) at Potsdam. He is currently Professor at the Institute of Theoret- ical Physics at the University of Hannover. E-mail: [email protected] The Contributors 881

Sheldon Goldstein is a Professor of Mathematics, Physics and Philosophy at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey. He worked for many years on probability theory and the rigorous foundations of statistical mechanics. In particular, he has inves- tigated the arrow of time and the notion of entropy, why it tends to increase, and why physical systems tend to approach equilibrium. In more recent years his main concern has been with the foundations of quantum mechanics, particularly Bohmian mechanics and nonlocality. The goal of this research is to make sense, good clean sense, of quantum theory. E-mail: [email protected]

Oscar Wallace Greenberg is Professor of Physics at the University of Maryland, College Park. He re- ceived his PhD at Princeton University in 1957. He is a Captain, US Air Force, Retired. He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society and the Washington Academy of Sciences. Greenberg introduced the color quantum number for quarks, a fundamental part of the standard model of elementary particles. He also intro- duced the accepted model of baryons, the symmetric quark model and has made several other essential con- tributions to high-energy and quantum physics. E-mail: [email protected]

Daniel Greenberger studied at MIT, writing his thesis with Laszlo Tisza, and did his graduate work at the University of Illinois. He then spent 2 years in the army and a year at Ohio State University, and won an NSF postdoctoral fellowship which he spent at Berkeley in the group of Geoffrey Chew. He then went on to CCNY, where he has been since, with breaks for Oxford, MIT, Vienna, and Munich. He has been a Fulbright fellow in Vienna, and spent a year at Garching, with Herbert Walther, with a senior Humboldt award. He is also an editor of several journals, and a fellow of the American Physical Society, and was elected a foreign member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. He has also organized several conferences, and he had a two-volume festschrift dedicated to him by Foundations of Physics, as well as a conference this summer in Vienna. E-mail:[email protected] 882 The Contributors

Robert B. Griffiths is the Otto Stern University Professor of Physics at Carnegie-Mellon University, where he has been a faculty member since 1964. His de- grees are: A.B. (1957) from Princeton University; M. S. (1958) and Ph.D. (1962) from Stanford University, all in Physics. He is a Fellow of the American Physical Soci- ety and a Member of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S.A. He received the Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics from the American Physical Society in 1984. He is the author or coauthor of 130 papers on various topics in theoretical physics, mainly statistical mechanics and quantum mechanics. Recently he has published a book on the fundamental principles of quantum theory. E-mail: [email protected]

Nathan Harshman received his BS in physics and English from Duke University in 1995 and his PhD in Theoretical Physics from University of Texas at Austin in 2001. After 2 years as Wiess Instructor of Physics at Rice University, he was appointed Assistant Professor of Physics at American University in Washington, DC. His general interests are composite and unstable quantum systems and the intersection of quantum information theory and particle physics. Currently he is working on entanglement in continuous variable systems, and in particular on entanglement generation in particle scat- tering. E-mail: [email protected]

Richard Healey has been a Professor of Philosophy at the University of Arizona since 1991. He grew up in England but has taught in the USA since 1980. His research interests center on the conceptual foundations and implications of physical theories for the nature of space, time, causation, realism and holism. This research has been supported by several NSF grants. His peren- nial attempts to understand quantum mechanics resulted in the publication (in 1989) of The Philosophy of Quan- tum Mechanics. In 2007 he published a second book, Gauging What’s Real, which explores the conceptual foundations of the gauge theories physicists currently use to describe the funda- mental forces of nature. E-mail: [email protected] The Contributors 883

J.L. Heilbron formerly professor of history and the vice chancellor at the University of California, Berkeley is an honorary fellow of Worcester College, Oxford. His contributions to the historiography of twentieth century physics, which center on the quantum the- ory of the atom and early nuclear physics, include biographies of Moseley, Planck, and Rutherford, and studies of Lawrence and his laboratory. He now works primarily on the early modern period. E-mail: [email protected]

Christian Heinicke studied physics and philosophy in Cologne and Bonn. He received his Ph.D. in theoretical physics from Cologne University in 2005 (Thesis on Exact solutions in Einstein’s theory of gravity and be- yond). He than was research assistant at the institute of theoretical physics in Cologne. His research interests fo- cus on the structure of non-Riemannian spacetimes and its philosophical implications. Since 2008 he works as teacher at the Gymnasium Bayruther Str. in Wuppertal. E-mail: [email protected]

Carsten Held is Professor of Philosophy of Science at the Universit¨at Erfurt. His research concentrates on the foundations of quantum mechanics and on problems at the interface of philosophy of science and philosophy of language. He is the author of Die Bohr-Einstein-Debatte (Sch¨oningh 1998) and Frege und das Grundproblem der Semantik (mentis 2005). E-mail: carsten.held@uni- erfurt.de

Meir Hemmo is a professor of philosophy in the University of Haifa. He received his PhD degree from Cambridge University in 1996. His main research areas are philosophy of physics, in particular the founda- tions of quantum mechanics and statistical mechanics, probability, and some issues in metaphysics. He pub- lished papers on the measurement problem in quantum mechanics, the problem of the direction of time in sta- tistical mechanics and the interpretation of probability. E-mail: [email protected] 884 The Contributors

Klaus Hentschel studied physics (with a diploma in theoretical high-energy physics), philosophy (MA) and history of science (Ph.D. and habilitation)atthe university of Hamburg. He is currently full profes- sor for history of science and technology in Stuttgart. He has published widely on the history of physics and philosophy of science, including Physics and National Socialism, several books on the history of spec- troscopy, the Einstein Tower, the interplay of scientific instrument-making with experimentation and theory formation as well as on ‘invisible hands’ in scientific research. He has received numerous awards and is a member of Leopoldina, the German Academy of Scientists. See www.uni-stuttgart.de/hi/gnt/hentschel. E-mail: [email protected]

Basil J. Hiley is Emeritus Professor of Physics at Birkbeck, University of London. His main interests are in the foundations of quantum theory and relativity. He had a very long and fruitful collaboration with David Bohm developing alternative approaches to quantum theory. At present he is investigating a process-based theory of pre-space with a specific aim of developing a quantized form of general relativity. With the late David Bohm he has co-authored The Undivided Universe, Routledge, London, 1993. He is also co-editor with David Peat of Quantum Implications, Essays in Hon- our of David Bohm, Routledge, London 1987. See www.bbk.ac.uk/tpru. E-mail: [email protected]

Dieter Hoffmann is Research Scholar at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin. His research interests cover the History of Physics in the nineteenth and twentieth Centuries, especially Institutional History of Quantum Theory and Modern Metrology; History of Science in the GDR. E-mail: dh@ mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de The Contributors 885

Nick Huggett received his Ph.D. in philosophy from Rutgers University in 1995. After working at Brown University for a year, he joined the faculty at UIC in 1996. He has published several books and numerous essays on a wide range of topics within philosophy and physics. He teaches a course on the philosophy of time. E-mail: [email protected]

Tom Imbo received his Ph.D. in theoretical high energy physics from the University of Texas at Austin in 1988. After spending the 1988–1989 academic year at Texas as a postdoctoral fellow, Tom was elected a Junior Fel- low in the Harvard University Society of Fellows where he remained in residence through the summer of 1992. Since Fall 1992 he has been a member of the physics faculty at the University of Illinois at Chicago. E-mail: [email protected]

Dominik Janzing was born in 1966. He studied physics in T¨ubingen (Germany) and Cork (Ireland) and received a Ph.D. in mathematics from the University of T¨ubingen in 1998. From 1998 to 2006 he was a postdoc and se- nior scientist at the Computer Science department of the University of Karlsruhe (TH) where worked on quantum thermodynamics, quantum control, as well as quantum complexity theory and its physical foundations. E-mail: [email protected]

Gregg Jaeger is an assistant professor at Boston University, from which he obtained his Ph.D. in Physics 1995 and has taught in both the College of General Studies (Natural Sciences) and the College of Arts and Sciences (Mathematics). He carried out postdoctoral re- search in experimental physics at the U.S. National Institute of Science and Technology and in the his- tory and philosophy of science at the Dibner Institute at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His work now focuses primarily on quantum information science. E-mail: [email protected] 886 The Contributors

Erich Joos earned his Ph.D. in Theoretical Physics at the University of Heidelberg in 1983. After conducting research at the Universities of Hei- delberg, Austin (Texas) and Hamburg, he is now living as an independent scholar with his family in Schenefeld near Hamburg, Germany. His cur- rent research interests have focused on decoherence theory, interpretations and foundations of quantum theory, in particular the interface between classical mechanics and quantum theory. In 1985 he pub- lished the first paper (with H.D. Zeh) quantifying the classical-quantum transition via decoherence. E-mail: [email protected]

David Kaiser is an associate professor in the Program in Science, Technology, and Society at the Mas- sachusetts Institute of Technology, and a lecturer in MIT’s Department of Physics. He completed Ph.D.s in physics and in history of science at Harvard University. Kaiser is author of the award-winning book, “Drawing Theories Apart: The Dispersion of Feynman Diagrams in Postwar Physics” (University of Chicago Press 2005), as well as editor of several books on the history of mod- ern physical sciences. His work has been featured in such magazines as “Harper’s”, “Science”, and “Scientific American”, on NOVA television programs and National Public Radio broadcasts, and in specialist jour- nals in physics and history. E-mail: [email protected]

Claus Kiefer studied physics and astronomy at the Universities of Heidelberg and Vienna. He obtained his Ph.D. in 1988 at the University of Heidelberg (with H. D. Zeh). From 1989 to 1993 he was Postdoc at the University of Z¨urich; from 1993–2001 Lecturer at the University of Freiburg (Habilitation 1995). Since 2001 he has been Professor at the University of Cologne. Interests: Quantum Gravity, Cosmology, Black Holes, Foundations of Quantum Theory. For more in- formation, see http://www.thp.uni-koeln.de/gravitation/. E-mail: [email protected] The Contributors 887

Helge Kragh is professor of history of science and technology at the University of Aarhus, Denmark. He has worked in the history of the physical sciences, including chemistry and astronomy, and also in the his- tory of technology. For the last several years his research focus has been on the development of modern physical cosmology. E-mail: [email protected]

Paul G. Kwiat is the Bardeen Chair in Physics, at the University of Illinois in Urbana-Champaign. A Fel- low of the American Physical Society and the Optical Society of America, he has given invited talks at nu- merous national and international conferences, and has authored over 120 articles. His research includes the phenomena of quantum interrogation, quantum erasure, and optical implementations of quantum information protocols, particularly using entangled – and hyper- entangled – photons from parametric down-conversion. E-mail: [email protected]

Pekka Lahti was born 1948 (Turku, Finland). He ob- tained his doctoral degree in theoretical physics (1979) at the University of Turku. His current positions are do- cent for theoretical physics and senior research fellow. He has authored over 100 scientific papers and co- authored of four monographs. E-mail: peklahti@utu.fi

Nicolaas P. (Klaas) Landsman studied physics, mathematics, and astronomy at the University of Amsterdam (1981–1985). His initial research was in quantum field theory at finite temperature and the quark- gluon plasma. His M.Sc. thesis, published as Physics Reports 145, 141Ð249 (1987), has been cited almost 700 times. He earned his Ph.D. in Theoretical Physics in 1989. Most of his mathematical ideas from the period 1989–1997 have appeared in his book Mathematical Topics Between Classical and Quantum Mechanics 888 The Contributors

(Springer 1998). Landsman became a Full Professor of Mathematical Physics in 2001 at Amsterdam and moved to the Radboud University Nijmegen in 2004. He is an official advisor to the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science. E-mail: [email protected]

Michel Le Bellac is Professor Emeritus at the University of Nice, France. He graduated from the Ecole Normale Sup´erieure in Paris. His field of re- search is theoretical elementary particle physics. He is author of several textbooks, among them “Quantum and Statistical Field Theory” (1992, Oxford), “Ther- mal Field Theory” (1996) and “A Short Introduction to Quantum Information and Computation” (2006), both published by Cambridge University Press. E-mail: Michel.Le [email protected]

Anthony J. Leggett was born in London, England in March 1938. He attended Balliol College, Oxford where he majored in Literae Humaniores (classical languages and literature, philosophy and Greco-Roman history), and thereafter Merton College, Oxford where he took a second undergraduate degree in Physics. He completed a D.Phil. (Ph.D.) degree in theoretical physics under the supervision of D.ter Haar. In 1983 he became John D. and Catherine T. Macarthur Professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, a position he currently holds. In 2006 he was also appointed to the Mike and Ophelia Lazaridis Distinguished Research Chair at the University of Waterloo. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics (with A.A. Abrikosov and V.L. Ginzburg) in 2003. His principal research interests lie in the areas of condensed matter physics, particularly high-temperature superconductivity, and the foundations of quantum mechanics. E-mail: [email protected]

Jon Magne Leinaas received his education at the University of Oslo, where he received his doc- torate in 1980. Postdoctoral fellowships at Nordita and CERN. Associate professor at the University of Stavanger, and since 1989 physics professor at the University of Oslo. Research interests in quantum physics and quantum field theory, with a focus on quantum effects in low-dimensional systems. A cur- rent interest in the geometry of quantum entanglement. E-mail: [email protected] The Contributors 889

Holger Lyre long-term Visiting Professor at the Philosophy Department, University of Bielefeld, Germany. 1993 diploma degree in physics, Univer- sity of Dortmund, 1996 PhD in philosophy, University of Bochum, and 2003 Habilitation, University of Bonn. Main research fields: philosophy of science (in par- ticular: structural realism), philosophy of physics (in particular: foundations of gauge theories), and philoso- phy of mind (in particular: mental externalism). Book publications as author: Lokale Symmetrien und Wirklichkeit. Mentis, Paderborn, 2004. Informationsthe- orie. Eine philosophisch-naturwissenschaftliche Einfuhrung.¬ Fink, Munich, 2002. Quantentheorie der Information. Springer, Vienna, 1998. E-mail: [email protected]

Prof. Dr. Klaus Mainzer (born 1947) studied math- ematics, physics, and philosophy (1968–1972), Ph.D. (1973) and habilitation (1979) in philosophy, assis- tant and lecturer (1973–1979) at the university of M¨unster; Heisenberg-scholarship (1980); 1981–1988 professor for philosophy (foundations and history of science) at the University of Constance, vice-president of the university of Constance (1985–1988); 1988–2008 chair for philosophy of science, dean (1999–2000), director of the Institute of Philosophy (1989–2008) and of the Institute of Interdisciplinary Informatics (1998–2008) at the University of Augsburg; since 2008 chair for philosophy of science and technology, director of the Carl von Linde-Academy at the Tech- nical University of Munich; member of several academies, president of the German Society of Complex Systems and Nonlinear Dynamics (since 1996), chairman of the Japanese-German Society of Integrative Science (Leibniz- Association e.V.); author of numerous books and articles. E-mail: Mainzer@ cvl-a.tum.de

Michela Massimi teaches at University College, London. Her undergraduate degree was in philosophy (University of Rome “La Sapienza”) and in 2002 she received a PhD at the London School of Economics. Before joining UCL she was a research fellow at Cambridge, UK, where she lectured on the philoso- phy of science and the philosophy of physics. E-mail: [email protected] 890 The Contributors

Storrs McCall received a B.A. from McGill Univer- sity, and a B.Phil. and D.Phil. from Oxford. He taught for 6 years at the University of Pittsburgh, and for 5 years at Makerere University in Kampala, Uganda, as the first person to teach philosophy in East Africa. His research interests lie in logic, in the philosophy of space and time, in decision theory, in the interface between mind and brain, and in the philosophy of mathematics. He is the author of Aristotle’s Modal Syllogisms and A Model of the Universe, and is the editor of Polish Logic, 1920Ð1939. He is presently Professor of Philosophy at McGill. E-mail: [email protected]

Peter Milonni is a Laboratory Fellow (ret.) and Labo- ratory Associate in the Theoretical Division (Complex Systems Group) at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. His research has been primarily in the areas of quantum optics and electrodynamics. He is the author of sev- eral books, including “Lasers” (with J.H. Eberly) and “The Quantum Vacuum: An Introduction to Quantum Electrodynamics”, and was the 2008 recipient of the Max Born Award from the Optical Society of America. E-mail: [email protected]

Kimball A. Milton received his Ph.D. under the direc- tion of Julian Schwinger at Harvard in 1971, and served under Schwinger’s direction as a postdoc at UCLA un- til 1979. He then spent 2 years at Ohio State, and 4 years at Oklahoma State University, before becoming Professor at the University of Oklahoma in 1986. He is now George Lynn Cross Research Professor, OU’s highest research honor. E-mail: [email protected] The Contributors 891

Peter Mittelstaedt was born in 1929. He obtained his Diploma in Theoretical Physics (nuclear physics) with W. Heisenberg in G¨ottingen in 1954 and his PhD in Theoretical Physics (nuclear physics) under W. Heisen- berg in 1956. Peter Mittelstaedt was a Research fellow at CERN in Geneva in (1958), a research assistant at the Max-Planck-Institute for Physics und Astrophysics in Munich (1959–62, 1963–65), and a research fellow at MIT in Cambridge (MA) (1962–63). He obtained his Habilitation at the University of Munich with a paper on Quantum Logic in 1961. Peter Mittelstaedt is professor emeritus of Theoretical Physics, University of Cologne and author of a number of books. E-mail: [email protected]

Umar Mohideen is professor of physics at the University of California, Riverside, California. He ob- tained his PhD in 1992 from Columbia University, New York. Before joining the University of California, he did his post doctoral fellowship at AT&T Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill, New Jersey. His scientific interests are: quantum optics (particularly the Casimir effect) and single molecular interactions. He is the author of more than 58 papers in refereed journals. He is Fellow of the American Physical Society and Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. E-mail: [email protected]

Michael Martin Nieto was born in Los Angeles, California in 1940 and received a B. A. with highest honors from the University of California, Riverside, in 1961. He obtained a Ph.D. from Cornell University in 1966. He took a permanent position at Los Alamos National Laboratory in 1972, becoming a Lab Fel- low in 2003. His main interest are in the theoretical physics of elementary particles, quantum mechanics, and (astrophysical) tests of gravity. Among his awards are Alexander von Humboldt Senior Research Award, Germany, and the Distinguished Alumnus Award of the University of California, Riverside. E-mail: [email protected] 892 The Contributors

G¨unter Nimtz studied electrical engineering. He grad- uated from the University of Vienna and became a professor of physics at the University of Cologne in 1983. Much of his research focussed on quantum tun- nelling. He achieved emeritus status in 2001. At present, he is teaching and doing fundamental research at the University of Koblenz-Landau. E-mail: G.Nimtz@ Uni-Koeln.DE

R. F. O’Connell Boyd Professor, Dept. of Physics, LSU, R. F. O’Connell received a B.Sc. degree (1953) from the National University of Ireland (after which he worked for 4 years as a Telecommunications Engineer), a Ph.D. from the University of Notre Dame (1962), and a D.Sc. (1975) from the National University of Ireland. Before joining Louisiana State University in 1964, he worked at the Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies and at IBM. E-mail: [email protected]

Martin Plenio received his PhD from the University of G¨ottingen in 1994 and is now a full professor of quantum physics in the physics department and director of the quantum information programme at the Insti- tute for Mathematical Sciences of Imperial College. He has made important contributions to entanglement theory, precision metrology, and the implementation of quantum simulation and quantum information process- ing. He is author of 130 articles in refereed journals and recipient of the Maxwell medal and prize of the UK Institute of Physics; he presented the Royal Society Clifford Paterson Lecture for 2008. E-mail: [email protected]

Helmut Rauch is professor emeritus at the Vienna University of Technology. His scientific interests are: neutron physics, quantum optics, foundations of quantum mechanics and reactor physics. He invented (together with U. Bonse and W. Treimer) the perfect crystal neutron interferometer. With S.A. Werner he published the book Neutron Interferometry (Claren- don Press, Oxford 2000). Honours include the Erwin Schr¨odinger Award of the Austrian Academy of Sci- ences and the Ludwig Wittgenstein Award of the Austrian Research Association. E-mail: [email protected] The Contributors 893

Dr. Daniel Rohrlich received his Ph.D. in physics in 1986 from the State University of New York at Stony Brook. He works as a researcher and lecturer at Ben Gurion University in Beersheba, Israel. He is the au- thor, with Yakir Aharonov, of Quantum Paradoxes: Quantum Theory for the Perplexed (Wiley-VCH), 2005. Other work includes a path integral for spin [Nucl. Phys. B299, 471 (1988), with H. B. Nielsen], general- izations and measures of entanglement [Found. Phys. 24, 379 (1994), Phys. Rev. A56, R3319 (1997), with S. Popescu] and experiments on quantum dots. E-mail: [email protected]

Simon Saunders is Professor of Philosophy of Physics and Fellow of Linacre College at the University of Oxford. He has worked in the foundations of quantum field theory, quantum mechanics, symmetries, and ther- modynamics and statistical mechanics. He was an early proponent of the view of branching in the Everett inter- pretation as an ‘effective’ process based on decoherence. His most recent works include ‘On the explanation of quantum statistics’, (with F. Muller) ‘Discerning Fermions’, and (with D. Wallace) ‘Branching and uncer- tainty’. E-mail: [email protected]

Arne Schirrmacher studied physics, biology and phi- losophy at the universities of Hamburg, Oxford and Munich and earned his doctorate in mathematical physics. Turning fully to history of science at a re- search stay at the University of California at Berkeley, he then joined the Berlin Max Planck Institute for the History of Science. He has worked on a number of projects on the history of modern physics at the re- search institute of the Deutsches Museum in Munich since 1996, also spending one year at the Institute for the History of Science at G¨ottingen University. E-mail: [email protected] 894 The Contributors

Maximilian Schlosshauer’s work is focussed on quantum decoherence and the quantum-to-classical transition. After completing his undergraduate edu- cation at Freiburg University, Germany, he graduated from Lund University, Sweden, with a Master of Sci- ence degree in 2001. He did his doctoral research with Arthur Fine at the University of Washington in Seat- tle and received his Ph.D. in Physics in 2005. He is author of the Springer monograph “Decoherence and the Quantum-to-Classical Transition” and has also worked on problems in theoretical biophysics. E-mail: [email protected]

Erhard Scholz has been Professor for History of Mathematics, University of Wuppertal since 1989. Guest professor Institute for History of Science, Uni- versity G¨ottingen 1993. Member of Interdisciplinary Centre for Science and Technology Studies since 2005. Interests include: Mathematics in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries; Interrelation between theoretical mathematics and applications in natural sciences; Philo- sophical aspects of mathematical concept formation. Publications related to topic of this volume: “Intro- ducing groups into quantum mechanics.” Hist. Math. (2006). “Weyl entering the ‘new’ quantum mechanics discourse.” In C. Joas, C. Lehner, J. Renn (eds.). HQ-1: Conf. on the Hist. of Quant. Phys. (2007). E-mail: [email protected]

Alfred Seeger was born in Stuttgart in 1927. He ob- tained his PhD at the age of 23 in 1951. Subsequently he worked at Bristol university with pioneers of solid state physics, amongst them Sir Nevill Francis Mott, who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1977. In 1955 he taught physics at the University of Cambridge. In 1959 he was appointed to the newly established chair for solid state physics at the Technical University of Stuttgart and became a scientific member of the Max Planck Institute for Metal Research. From 1965 to his retirement he was director of the Physics Institute at the MPI for Metal Research. The Contributors 895

Abner Shimony was born in Columbus, Ohio on March 10, 1928. He worked at the Massachusetts Insti- tute of Technology, Philosophy Department, 1959–1968 and Boston University, Philosophy and Physics Depart- ments, Associate Professor and Professor, 1968–1994. His present position is Professor Emeritus of Philoso- phy and Physics, Boston University. He is engaged in many peace organizations. His work was honored in the Festschrift “Quantum Mechanical Studies For Abner Shimony”, 2 volumes, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1997. His publications include many articles in Philos- ophy and Physics journals and “Search for a Naturalistic World View”, 2 volumes, CUP, 1993 (collected essays). E-mail: [email protected]

Ana Simoes˜ teaches history of science at the Unit for the History and Philosophy of Science, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon. She is also the co- ordinator of the Research Center for the History of Science of the University of Lisbon. Her main interests lie on the history of the physical sciences, including quantum chemistry, and in the history of science in Portugal, eighteenth to the twentieth century. She is presently completing a book on the history of quan- tum chemistry, together with Kostas Gavroglu. E-mail: [email protected]

John C.H. Spence is Regents Professor of Physics at Arizona State University, holding a joint appoint- ment with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. He obtained his PhD in physics from Melbourne Univer- sity in 1973, followed by postdoctoral work at Oxford UK. He was awarded the Distinguished Scientist Medal of the Microscopy Society of America in 2006 and a Humboldt award in 1991. He is a member of the Depart- ment of Energys BESAC committee. John has worked in many areas of condensed matter and diffraction physics, and is the author of texts on High Resolu- tion Electron Microscopy and (with J.M. Zuo) on Electron Microdiffraction. His current main interest is in femtosecond X-ray diffraction in biophysics. E-mail: [email protected] 896 The Contributors

Ion-Olimpiu Stamatescu born in Ploiesti, Romania 1941, Diploma in Physics University of Bucharest 1962, Ph.D. University of Heidelberg 1972. Since 1977 professor at the University Heidelberg, since 1988 se- nior research fellow at FESt (Protestant Institute for Interdisciplinary Research), Heidelberg, retired 2006. Scientific interests: theory of elementary particles, cognition and artificial intelligence and foundation of physics, co-editor or co-author of many books. Mem- ber of the Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft, of the Acad. Internationale de Philosophie des Sciences (corr.) and of the European Society for the Study of Science and Theology. E-mail: [email protected]

Henry Stapp has spent his entire career working in frontier areas of theoretical physics. In the late sixties he worked on foundational problems with Werner Heisen- berg in Munich, and in the early seventies with John Wheeler in Austin. His studies of the quantum mea- surement problem have led to a strong interest in the apparent effects of our conscious thoughts upon physi- cal processes occurring in our brains. His conclusions in this area are described in many technical articles, and, in less technical terms, in his two books, “Mind, Mat- ter, and Quantum Mechanics” and “Mindful Universe: Quantum Mechanics and the Participating Observer”. E-mail: [email protected]

Werner Stulpe Earning a doctorate in (theoretical) physics at the Technische Universit¨at, Berlin under K.-E. Hellwig; 1987–1988 Postdoc research stay at the University of Denver, Colorado, under Stanley Gudder; 1997 Postdoctoral lecture qualification (“Habilitation”) at the Technische Universit¨at Berlin for the field of the- oretical physics; 2003 Appointment to a Mathematics Professorship at Aachen University of Applied Sci- ences. E-mail: [email protected] The Contributors 897

Mauricio Suarez´ is associate professor in Logic and Philosophy of Science at Madrid’s Complutense Uni- versity. His research interests are in the philosophical foundations of physics and general scientific epistemol- ogy, and he has published widely in both areas. He is the editor of Probabilities, Causes and Propensities in Physics, forthcoming with Springer. Within the philos- ophy of quantum mechanics he is perhaps best known for his attempt to revive Henry Margenau’s latency, or propensity, interpretation of quantum observables. E-mail: msuarez@filos.ucm.es

Roderich Tumulka is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Mathematics at Rutgers, the State Uni- versity of New Jersey, in New Brunswick, New Jersey (USA). He was born in Frankfurt am Main (Germany) and studied mathematics and physics in Frankfurt and Munich. As a post-doctoral researcher, he worked in Genoa (Italy), Bures-sur-Yvette (France) and Tuebingen (Germany). E-mail: [email protected]

Lev Vaidman born in 1955, moved from Leningrad to Israel and received the B. Sc. degree from Hebrew University in Jerusalem and then, after the army ser- vice, the M. Sc. degree from Weizmann Institute in Rehovot. He started his work in foundations of quantum mechanics at Tel-Aviv University under supervision of Yakir Aharonov and obtained his Ph.D. in 1987. After spending 3 years at the University of South Carolina he came back to the Physics department of Tel-Aviv Uni- versity where he became full professor in 2005. E-mail: [email protected]

Klaus von Klitzing studied and graduated (Dr. rer. nat) in Physics at the TU Braunschweig. He obtained his Habilitation in W¨urzburg (1978). After visits as re- search associate in England, France, and the USA he became Professor at the TU Munich, where he stayed from 1980 to 1984. In 1985 he was appointed as Direc- tor at the MPI for Solid State Research. In 1985 Klaus von Klitzing was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery of the quantum-Hall-effect, at the age of 42. E-mail: [email protected] 898 The Contributors

Stefan Weigert researches and teaches as a Reader in Mathematical Physics at the University of York, UK, which he joined in 2005. He studied physics at the RWTH Aachen, DE, and at the University of Utrecht, NL. He received his venia docendi in 1996 from the Universit¨at Basel, CH, where he earlier obtained his PhD degree. After a year at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, USA, he held positions at the Universit´e de Neuchˆatel, CH, and at the University of Hull, UK. Most of his research relates to phenomena, concepts, and applications of non-relativistic quantum theory. In recent years, he has published in quantum information and PT symmetry. E-mail: [email protected]

Gregor Weihs is Full Professor of Photonics at the Institute for Experimental Physics at the University of Innsbruck in Austria. He received his MSc degree from the same university in 1994. After positions at the University of Vienna, Stanford University, and Tokyo University he joined the Institute for Quantum Comput- ing and the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Waterloo where he became the Canada Research Chair in Quantum Photonics. His research interests are in quantum optics, photonics, and the foun- dations of quantum physics. E-mail: [email protected]

Friedel Weinert is Professor of Philosophy at Brad- ford University in the UK. His main interest lies in the investigation of the history and philosophy of science and in particular in the interactions between science and philosophy. The exploration of the philosophical con- sequences of science – both the natural and the social sciences – has led to the edited volumes Laws of Nature (1995) and the Compendium of Quantum Physics (2009) and to the authored books The Scientist as Philoso- pher (2004) and Copernicus, Darwin & Freud (2009). E-mail: [email protected] The Contributors 899

Antoine Weis obtained his Ph.D. in physics in1984: ETH-Zurich (Switzerland). From 1989 to 1990 he was project Leader, at the ETH-Zurich (Switzerland), and from 1990 to 1996 scientific collaborator at the Max- Planck-Institut fr Quantenoptik, Garching (Germany). In 1996 he obtained his Habilitation in Physics, LMU M¨unchen (Germany). From 1996 to 1999 he was As- sociate professor at the University of Bonn (Germany) and from 1999 to today he has been Full professor, University of Fribourg (Switzerland). E-mail: Antoine. [email protected]

J¨urgen Weis After studying Physics in Ulm, J¨urgen Weis moved to Stuttgart, where he got his Dr. rer. nat. in 1994. After a post-doc time at AT&T Bell Labs he joined the MPI for Solid State Research in 1996. In 2002 he re- ceived his Habilitation, in 2006 he was appointed to ‘apl. Professor’ at the University of Stuttgart. For his work on semiconductor quantum dots he received the Rudolf- Kaiser-Award in 2004. E-mail: [email protected]

Bruce R. Wheaton taught physics and history of sci- ence at the University of California, Berkeley over a period of 22 years. He is author of, inter alia, The tiger and the shark: Empirical roots of wave- particle dualism; Inventory of sources for history of twentieth-century physics: report and microfiche index to 70,000 letters. Otherwise he enjoys playing Bach on the harpsichord he built, and once taught physics to the Westminster Choir. As Principal of Technology and Physical Science History Associates (google “Atapsha”) he lectures internationally and coordinates publication of research on the cultural significance of science to a public that knows little of its desperate need for it. E-mail: [email protected] 900 The Contributors

Sujeev Wickramasekara is currently assistant profes- sor of physics at Grinnell College, Iowa. He received his doctoral degree in physics from the University of Texas at Austin in 2000 and bachelor’s degree in physics (summa cum laude) from the University of Southern California. Prior to Grinnell College, he has worked as a postdoctoral fellow as the University of Texas at Austin and as Wiess Instructor of Physics and Astronomy at Rice University. E-mail: [email protected]

Frank Wilczek grew up in Queens, NY and attended the University of Chicago. After getting his Ph.D. from Princeton, he spent time on the faculty there and at the Institute for Advanced Study, as well as at UCSB’s In- stitute for Theoretical Physics, now the KITP. Frank is currently the Herman Feshbach professor of physics at MIT. Frank has received many prizes for his work in physics, including the Nobel Prize of 2004 for work he did as a graduate student at Princeton University, when he was only 21-years-old. He is author of Longing for Harmonies (1987, with Betsy Devine) and Lightness of Being (2008). E-mail: [email protected]

Christopher Witte studied physics and mathematics at the TU Berlin (Germany) and the KU Leuven (Bel- gium). Since then he has been working as a research assistant (at TU) on fundamental aspects of quan- tum theory and as editor of scientific books. E-mail: [email protected]

Andrzej Kajetan Wroblewski´ is professor emeritus at the University of Warsaw. He completed his Ph.D. in 1961 and became associate professor (1965) and full professor (1971) at that University. His scientific interests are experimental elementary particle physics, especially the mechanism of hadron production, and also history of physics. An elected member of several learned societies, he has also been honoured with the Smoluchowski Medal of the Polish Physical Society and honorary doctorates from the universities of Siegen, Chapman (Orange, USA), and Glasgow (UK). E-mail: [email protected] The Contributors 901

Daniela W¨unsch In 2000, after studying physics Daniela Wuensch graduated in the history of science at the University of Stuttgart. Her books “The Rise of the 5th Dimension. Life and Work of Theodor Kaluza (1885–1954)” (2007) and “The Path of Sci- ence in the Labyrinth of Culture” (2008) have been published by Termessos in G¨ottingen. She works and teaches in G¨ottingen, Germany. E-mail: dwuensch@ theodor-kaluza.de

Nino Zangh´ı is Professor of Theoretical Physics in the Department of Physics at the Universit`adiGenova (Italy). His research concerns mostly the conceptual and mathematical foundations of statistical mechanics and quantum physics. Noteworthy is his work, in collabora- tion with D. D¨urr and S. Goldstein, on the emergence of quantum randomness in Bohmian mechanics. E-mail: [email protected]

H. Dieter Zeh studied physics in Braunschweig (Brunswick) and Heidelberg, where he began work on theoretical nuclear physics. After continuing his re- search in California, he returned to the University of Heidelberg, where he later became professor of theoret- ical physics. His studies of collective motion in nuclei led him to address the quantum-to-classical transition in general, and in particular the quantum measurement problem, which is in turn related to many aspects of irreversibility (arrows of time). During this work, Zeh recognized and formulated the universal and unavoid- able role of uncontrollable quantum entanglement, thus becoming a founder of the area now known as decoherence. E-mail: [email protected] http://www.springer.com/978-3-540-70622-9