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A History of the First Fifty Years of Biology at York

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A History of the First Fifty Years of Biology at York Department of Biology 2013 A History of the first fifty years of Biology at York edited by Mark Williamson & David White A History of the first fifty years of Biology at York J B A D S F P E M K Q L H Frontispiece AerialAerial view view of the of departmentthe department taken in takenSeptember in September 2003, looking 2003,across thelooki lakeng to acrossthe east. the lake to the east. A: Teaching Laboratories; B: Old concourse and lecture theatres; D: Research Wing D; E: Services (Stores and Workshops) F: Research Wing F; A:H: originalTeaching IFAB Laboratories; building being refurbished B: Old concourseto make the first and CIIlecture building theatres; (see Q); J: D:Research Research Laboratories, Wing originallyD; E: Services the Plant (StoresLaboratory and and Workshops)p53; K: Main administration F: Research (HoD Wing & Finance) F; H: andoriginal Technology IFAB Facility; building L and beingM; new refurbishedResearch Wings; to P: make Glasshouses the first and PreparationCII building rooms; (see Q);Q: approximate J: Research position Laboratories, of the new CII originally building completed the Plant and occupiedLaboratory in September and p53; 2010. K: Since Main then administration CII have occupied (HoDboth H and& Finance)Q; S: Suite of PortaKabins built for BioCode, now staff offices. and Technology Facility; L and M; new Research Wings; P: Glasshouses and Preparation rooms; Q: approximate position of the new CII building completed and occupied in September 2010. Since then CII have occupied both H and Q; S: Suite of PortaKabins built for BioCode, now staff offices. 2 N.b. The photograph is not yet modified for location of Q. Judging by Sue’s plan of the current layout, it is in approximately the correct position. The photographs sent by CII this week suggest quite a narrow space between H and Q. However, if the Portakabins were for the construction team of Q, then clearly it is further to the right. Note that the letter ‘Q’ is superimposed on a white rectangle which is an addition to the photo and which I can bring out more. A History of the first fifty years of Biology at York edited by Mark Williamson & David White June 2013 Publisher: Department of Biology, University of York Text copyright © the authors, 2013 Illustrations copyright as follows: © University of York, 2013: Frontispiece, Figures 1-1, 7-1 © Department of Biology, University of York, 2013: 1-4, 5-1, 5-2, 6-1, 6-2, 10-3, pp 33, 43, 63 (bottom), 64, 77, 78, 132 © Neville Astley, 2013: 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-7 © Terry Crawford, 2000: p102 © Alastair Fitter, 2013: p86(a) © Peter Hogarth, 2013: p63 (top) © Peter Humpherson, 2013: 1-2, 1-3, 2-4, 2-6, p85 © James Merryweather, 2013: p67, 8-3 © Chris Thomas, 2013: p86(b) © David White, 2013: 10-5, 10-7, p86(c)(d) © Mark Williamson, 2013: 8-1, 8-2, 8-4, 9-1, 9-2, 9-3 © The authors, 2013: Illustrations in Chapter 10 and 13 except where marked above or in the figure legends. The right of the authors to be identified as the authors of this work has been asserted by her in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published in United Kingdom, June 2013 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Published by the Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK 4 Contents Preface (the Editors) 6 Acknowledgements 8 Part 1: HEAD OF DEPARTMENT’S ACCOUNTS 9 Chapter 1 1963-1968: Mark Williamson 9 Chapter 2 1968-1984: Mark Williamson and others 19 Chapter 3 1984-1990: John Currey 34 Chapter 4 1990-1997: David White 36 Chapter 5 1997-2004: Alastair Fitter 44 Chapter 6 2004-2010: Dale Sanders 52 Chapter 7 2010-2013: Deborah Smith 60 Part 2: TEACHING 65 Chapter 8 Undergraduate and Masters’ courses: Mark Williamson 65 Part 3: RESEARCH Chapter 9 Introduction to Research: David White 79 The Research Environment 79 The Department’s Research 81 Chapter 10 Research which led to FRSs: The Fellows 87 John Lawton 87 Dale Sanders 89 Alastair Fitter 92 Ottoline Leyser 94 Chris Thomas 96 Chapter 11 Key Papers: Alastair Fitter and David White 99 Chapter 12 Research Assessment Exercise: David White 103 Chapter 13 Units and Centres 105 Within the Department Environmental Archaeology Unit (1975-2002): Allan Hall and Terry O’Connor 106 Bronk Cancer Research Unit (1975-1991): Mark Williamson 108 Stockholm Environment Institute at York (1979-2010): Johan Kuylenstierna and Mike Chadwick 109 Tropical Marine Research Unit (1982-1999): Rupert Ormond 111 Mycotech (1989-2001): Bernard Betts 113 YCR Unit of Cancer Research (1991 to date): Norman Maitland 114 YCR p53 Research Unit (1991-2010): Jo Milner 116 Jack Birch Unit (1991 to date): Jennifer Southgate, Colin Garner & Steven Leveson 117 Medical Cryobiology Unit (1993-2013): David Pegg 120 Smith & Nephew Bone Research Unit (1995-2001): Tim Skerry 120 Centre for Novel Agricultural Products (1999 to date): Ian Graham 122 Departmental Institute for Applied Biology (1986-1995): Tony Robards 124 Interdepartmental Centre for Immunology and Infection (2004 to date): Paul Kaye 126 York Centre for Complex Systems Analysis (2004 to date): Reidun Twarock 128 York Environmental Sustainability Institute (2011 to date): Susan Hartley 130 ANNEXES Staff List: Mark Williamson and David White 133 Abbreviations 138 Index 141 ASSOCIATED WEB SITE: www.york.ac.uk/biology/about/history 5 Preface by the editors This book had its origins in an invitation from has been a goal that we should be excellent Dale Sanders a few years ago to the previous in both teaching and research. The early heads of the department to write reminiscences determination and philosophy were that in a of their time in York. In January 2012 David university department, all academic staff should White and Mark Williamson independently undertake both, and that undergraduates be asked what has happened to those papers and taught by those at the forefront of developing the present head, Debbie Smith, suggested their fields. It was also the case that we felt they could be enlarged to make a history of that not everything should be assessed, and the department in time for the University’s that undergraduates should think broadly for 50th Anniversary (of having undergraduates) themselves, and not be constrained only by a in 2013. We agreed to edit a history, she defined syllabus or what had been included in provided the resources and this is the result formal teaching. Tutorials were perhaps the with contributions from many members clearest exposition of this, with the marine and former members of the department. field course in Millport another example. The original ideas, described in the first chapter, In those early days there were no objective were for a department that was integrated in measures of the quality of a department’s various ways. First, across biology with none teaching or research. Over the years, such of the barriers to cross-discipline working that measures have been introduced, first for beset the traditional separation of the subject research via the Research Selectivity Exercise into different departments. Second, by being a and its successors, and a bit later for teaching place in which, as Peter Humpherson expresses via the Teaching Quality Assessment. It is in Chapter 2, “all staff were respected, listened very satisfying that those original goals of to and encouraged in various ways to feel excellence have been maintained with the that they were making a contribution. We had Department being recognised consistently different functions to perform at varying levels for its high quality in all assessments, of skill or importance but nevertheless one felt formal and informal, of teaching, research, we were all equal”. The physical structure of the student satisfaction, that are made. building was designed to facilitate these ideas, with its wide corridors and shared facilities, as The Department has grown immensely over the were such matters as the periods for coffee in fifty years. After about ten years to reach thirty the morning and tea in the afternoon; these academic staff paid from University (funding were also timed to be after the first lecture of council) funds, this plateau of numbers from the the morning so that students mingled with staff early 1970s was not significantly exceeded until in an informal way. Inevitably, because of the the 1990s. As Debbie Smith points out in her way a University works, academic staff get more account, there has been a major expansion of individual mentions in most of the accounts university-funded academics, starting in about that follow, but that does not reflect a different 2000 and in part brought about by the creation view of the contributions made by all staff. of the Hull-York Medical School, although before that the expansion of taught postgraduate The original plans were to have over thirty courses, in which the Department was a academic staff with support staff to match, leader nationally, also brought in new posts. all housed in a building designed for this size. What did happen before this, though, is that This concept was broadly realised by the mid- department began to attract senior academics 1970s. In sociological terms, we were of an on external funds to research positions and ideal size for a community; everyone knew this, combined with an increase in the size of everyone else, and pretty well what they research groups as Biology as a subject adapted taught and researched.
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