Volume A: Theory and User Information, Version 7.3 Part Number: RF-3001-07.3 Revision Date: August, 1998
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MARC® Volume A Theory and User Information Version K7.3 Copyright 1998 MARC Analysis Research Corporation Printed in U. S. A. This notice shall be marked on any reproduction of this data, in whole or in part. MARC Analysis Research Corporation 260 Sheridan Avenue, Suite 309 Palo Alto, CA 94306 USA Phone: (650) 329-6800 FAX: (650) 323-5892 Document Title: MARC® Volume A: Theory and User Information, Version 7.3 Part Number: RF-3001-07.3 Revision Date: August, 1998 Proprietary Notice MARC Analysis Research Corporation reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained in this document without prior notice. ALTHOUGH DUE CARE HAS BEEN TAKEN TO PRESENT ACCURATE INFORMATION, MARC ANALYSIS RESEARCH CORPORATION DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE CONTENTS OF THIS DOCUMENT (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, WARRANTIES OR MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE) EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. MARC ANALYSIS RESEARCH CORPORATION SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ANY ERROR CONTAINED HEREIN, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, FOR ANY SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF, OR IN CONNECTION WITH, THE USE OF THIS DOCUMENT. This software product and its documentation set are copyrighted and all rights are reserved by MARC Analysis Research Corporation. Usage of this product is only allowed under the terms set forth in the MARC Analysis Research Corporation License Agreement. Any reproduction or distribution of this document, in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of MARC Analysis Research Corporation is prohibited. Restricted Rights Notice This computer software is commercial computer software submitted with “restricted rights.” Use, duplication, or disclosure by the government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c)(i)(ii) or the Rights in technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013, NASA FAR Supp. Clause 1852.227-86, or FAR 52.227-19. Unpublished rights reserved under the Copyright Laws of the United States. Trademarks All products mentioned are the trademarks, service marks, or registered trademarks of their respective holders. Preface About This Manual This manual is Volume A, the first in a series of six volumes documenting the MARC® Finite Element program. The documentation of MARC is summarized below. You will find references to these documents throughout this manual. MARC Documentation TITLE VOLUME Theory and User Information Volume A Element Library Volume B Program Input Volume C User Subroutines and Special Routines Volume D Demonstration Problems Volume E Background Papers Volume F Purpose of Volume A The purpose of this volume is: 1. To help you define your finite element problem by describing MARC’s capabilities to model physical problems. 2. To identify and describe complex engineering problems and introduce MARC’s scope and capabilities for solving these problems. 3. To assist you in accessing MARC features that are applicable to your particular problems and to provide you with references to the rest of the MARC literature. Volume A: Theory and User Information iii Preface 4. To provide you with the theoretical basis of the computational techniques used to solve the problem. Contents of Volume A This volume describes how to use MARC. It explains the capabilities of MARC and gives pertinent background information. The principal categories of information are found under the following titles: Chapter 1 The MARC® System Chapter 2 Program Initiation Chapter 3 Data Entry Chapter 4 Introduction to Mesh Definition Chapter 5 Structural Procedure Library Chapter 6 Nonstructural Procedure Library Chapter 7 Material Library Chapter 8 Contact Chapter 9 Boundary Conditions Chapter 10 Element Library Chapter 11 Solution Procedures for Nonlinear Systems Chapter 12 Output Results The information in this manual is both descriptive and theoretical. You will find engineering mechanics discussed in some detail. You will also find specific instructions for operating the various options offered by MARC. How to Use This Manual Volume A organizes the features and operations of the MARC program sequentially. This organization represents a logical approach to problem solving using Finite Element Analysis. First, the database is entered into the system, as described in Chapter 3. Next, a physical problem is defined in terms of a mesh overlay. Techniques for mesh definition are described in Chapter 4. Chapters 5 and 6 describe the various structural analyses that can be performed by MARC, while Chapter 7 describes the material models that are available in MARC. Chapter 8 describes the contact capabilities. Chapter 9 discusses constraints, in the form of boundary conditions. Chapter 10 explains the type of elements that can be used to represent the physical problem. Chapter 11 describes the numerical procedures for solving nonlinear equations. Finally, the results of the analysis, in the form of outputs, are described in Chapter 12. iv Volume A: Theory and User Information Preface This volume is also designed as a reference source. This means that all users will not need to refer to each section of the manual with the same frequency or in the same sequence. Volume A: Theory and User Information v Preface vi Volume A: Theory and User Information Volume A Contents Preface Page 1 The MARC System MARC Programs . 1-2 MARC . 1-2 Mentat . 1-2 Structure of MARC . 1-4 Procedure Library . 1-4 Material Library . 1-4 Element Library . 1-4 Program Function Library . 1-4 Features and Benefits of MARC. 1-5 MARC K7 . 1-6 Material Modeling . 1-6 Contact. 1-7 Adaptive Meshing . 1-8 Design Sensitivity and Optimization . 1-8 Fluid Mechanics . 1-9 General Technology . 1-9 User Enhancements . 1-10 Volume A: Theory and User Information v Contents Page 2 Program Initiation MARC Host Systems . 2-2 Workspace Requirements . 2-3 MARC Workspace Requirements . 2-3 File Units. 2-5 Program Initiation . 2-7 Examples of Running MARC Jobs . 2-9 3Data Entry Input Conventions . 3-2 Input of List of Items . 3-3 Examples of Lists . 3-5 Parameters . 3-6 Model Definition Options . 3-7 History Definition Options . 3-8 REZONE Option . 3-10 4 Introduction to Mesh Definition Direct Input . 4-2 Element Connectivity Data . 4-2 Nodal Coordinate Data . 4-6 Activate/Deactivate . 4-6 User Subroutine Input . 4-7 MESH2D . 4-8 Block Definition . 4-8 Merging of Nodes . 4-9 Block Types . 4-9 Symmetry, Weighting, and Constraints . 4-13 Additional Options. 4-14 vi Volume A: Theory and User Information Contents Page Mentat . 4-15 FXORD Option . 4-16 Major Classes of the FXORD Option. 4-16 Recommendations on Use of the FXORD Option . 4-21 Incremental Mesh Generators . 4-22 Bandwidth Optimization. 4-23 Rezoning . 4-24 Substructure . 4-25 Technical Background . 4-26 BEAM SECT Parameter. 4-29 Orientation of the Section in Space . 4-29 Definition of the Section. 4-29 Error Analysis . 4-32 Adaptive Mesh Generation . 4-33 Number of Elements Created . 4-33 Boundary Conditions . 4-34 Location of New Nodes . 4-35 5 Structural Procedure Library Linear Analysis . 5-2 Accuracy . 5-4 Error Estimates . 5-4 Adaptive Meshing . 5-4 Nonlinear Analysis . 5-9 Geometric Nonlinearities . 5-14 Nonlinear Boundary Conditions . 5-25 Buckling Analysis . 5-27 Computational Procedures for Elastic-Plastic Analysis . 5-36 CREEP . 5-50 AUTO THERM CREEP (Automatic Thermally Loaded Elastic-Creep/ Elastic-Plastic-Creep Stress Analysis). 5-54 Volume A: Theory and User Information vii Contents Page Viscoelasticity . 5-55 Viscoplasticity . 5-56 Fracture Mechanics . 5-58 Linear Fracture Mechanics . ..