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Women of the World: Latin America and the Caribbean. INSTITUTION Agency for International Development(IDCA), Washington, D.C

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Women of the World: Latin America and the Caribbean. INSTITUTION Agency for International Development(IDCA), Washington, D.C DOCUMENT RESUME ED 257 771 SO 016 622 AUTHOR Chaney, 'sa M. TITLE Women of the World: Latin America and the Caribbean. INSTITUTION Agency for International Development(IDCA), Washington, D.C. Office of Women in Development.; Bureau of the Census (DOC), Suitland, Md. REPORT NO WID-1 PUB DATE May 84 NOTE 179p.; For other documents in the series, see SO016 623-626. Some tables and maps contain smallprint and blue coloring that may not reproduce. PUB TYPE Reports - Descriptive (141) --Statistical Data (110) EDRS PRICE M701/PC08 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Birth Rate; *Census Figures; Employed Women; *Females; Foreign Countries; *Human Geography;*Latin Americans; Marriage; *Population Distribution; Population Trends; Rural to Urban Migration; Statigtical Analysis; Trend Analysis; Womens Education IDENTIFIERS *Caribbean; *Women in Development ABSTRACT The first in a series of five handbooksdesigned to present and analyze statistical data onwomen in various regions of the world, this handbook focuses on womenin 21 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean. Beginningwith an overview of population characteristics of the regions, the analysiscontinues with 'Is descript.ion of women's literacy andeducation, their labor force participation, their marital stater andliving arrangements, their fertility, and their mortality. Informationis presented not only in tables, charts, and text, but alsoin narrative form, offering a critique on concepts, availability, andquality of the data assembled on each variable.Findings show that while the death rate does not vary significantly bysubregion (the Caribbean, Middle America, and South America), differences inpopulation growth result from variations in levels of fertility andinternational migration, with birth rates being relatively high inMiddle America, where emigration is lower, and lower in the Caribbean,where emigration is higher. While the differences in literacy ratesbetween the sexes are substantial, the gap between urban and rural ratesfor either sex is larger still. Statistics showed a farlower participation of women than men in the formal labor forcesWomen's principal power and influence continue to be exercised in thedomains of the family and the household, even though increasingnumbers are entering the work force. Appendices contain a bibliographylisting over 200 documents; a list of tablesin the Women in Development Data Base; andtables showing population by age, sex, andrural/urban residence. (LH) ***********************************************************************, * * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the bestthat can be made * * from the oLiiiinal document. *********************************************************************** WID-1 '.4 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER RICI .141...Th5 11)C1,14,,l1fhasbtlfmfroo.fOoted as ,rce,v»ti tht pctsal ingdna.mon tr4q41..1144.4 4 PAntft t tlftVti ter') fl3d4 tn Improve t.protluc boti qt,3111ft Punts of vo/ upirmftlft Mated 1, this docu. mein do not nevessooly reporyent odk'IalNIE posif.vn Of pot. y U.S. Deportment of Commerce U.S. Agency for International Development BUREAU OF THE CENSUS OFFICE OF WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT f U WID-1 Latin America and the Caribbean by Elsa M. Chaney This report was prepared under a Resources Support Services Agreement with the Office of Women in Development, Bureau for Program and Policy Coordination, U.S Agency for International Development. !sstred May 1984 frAns U.S. Department of Commerce Malcolm Baldrige, Secretary Clarence J. Brown, Deputy Secretary Sidney Jones, LIrIcier Score ary for keorlornic; AffaIrs BUREAU OF THE CENSUS John G. Keane, DIrector 3 BUREAU OF THE CENSUS John B. Keane, Director C. L. Kincannon, Deputy Director Robert O. Bertram, Assistant Director for InternationalPrograms CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH Samuel Baum, Chief Acknowledgments Arrkgaand This report on Latin America was prepared under contractwith tables, and prepared appendix C; Eduardo E. the U.S. Bureau of the Census. It is oneof four regional hand- Sylvia D. Quick provided useful review comments,especially on books in the Women of the World series preparedunder a chapters 3 and 7; Joseph R. Cooper and John R. Gibsondesigned Resources Support Services Agreement with theOffice of the graphics; Eleanor M. Matthews andMargaret A. Women in Development, Bureau for Program and PolicyCoor- Squires provided statistical assistance in verifying the tables; charge of the dination, U.S. Agency for InternationalDevelopment, Sarah and Donna M. Dove and Janet M. Sales took Tinsley, Director. Thanks are due to present andformer staff typing, with 'the assistance of Jacqueline R.Harrison and members of the Agency for International Developmentfor their Carolyn J. Truss. All demographic analysts in the Center for sontributioris to the various stages of the CensusBureau's International Research were involved in the compilation and Women In Development project. In particular, Jane Jaquetteand evaluation of statistics for the Women In Development DataBase Paula 0. Goddard, formerly of the Office pf Womenin Develop- 'upon which this handbook is based. The map was prepared in &My L. Adarnek ment, and Lois Godikstn, formerly of theEconomic and Social the Geography Division under the direction of Preparation Divi- Data Services, provided useh.° guidance inestablishing the Cen- in cooperation with Geography Branch, Data sion. Editorial services were provided by Gail R. Fatten and art- sus Bureau's Women InDevelopmer,t Data Base, upon which these handbooks are based. Jean Hickson andJohn Hourihan work was prepared under the supervision of NicholasPreftakes, of theOffice of Women inDevelopment, and Annette Publications Services Division. Sutton, Binnendljk of the Economic and Social DataServices, provided The author is grateful to Gorda Lorenz and Constance Latin support at subsequent stages ofthe project. who offered helpful comments on several chapters of the Within the Bureau of the Census, Ellen Jamison,Staff America handbook. Assistant to the Chief, Center for InternationalResearch, prepared the overall outline for the content andformat of the world handbook series; monitored the contracts;prepared For sale by Superintendent of Documents,U.S. Government chapter 2; and served as reviewer and coordinatorof the publica Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.Postage stamps not tion preparation activities. For this report onLatin America, acceptable; currency submitted atsender's risk. Remittances valuable assistance was provided by other staffmembers of the from foreign countries must be by international moneyorder or Center for International Research: Kevin G.Kinsella assisted with by a draft on a U.S. bank. countless details to ensure the accuracy of thetabus and charts; Peter 0. Way offered useful guidance on thematerial to be Library of Congress Card No. 84-601056. included, provided supervisory assistance in theverification of Ili Womenof the World Abbreviations Used in This Report VII Map viii Chapter 1. Introduction 1 Chapter 2. Sources of Data 7 Table 2.1 Number of Tables in WID Data Base, byCountry and Category 9 Chapter 3.Population Distribution and Change 11 Figures 3.1. Latin America and Caribbean: Estimated and Projected PopulationSize and Components of Change, 1960 to 2025 17 3.2. Population Distribution of Latin American and Caribbean Countries:1983 18 3.3. Estimated and Projected Population of the Caribbean,Middle America, and South America: 1960, 1970, and 1985 19 3.4. Percent of All Women in Selected Age Groups 20 3.5. Three Modal Types of Population Pyramids: Expansive,Constrictive, andStationary 21 3.6. Percent of Women Living in Urban Areas, Latest Two Censuses 22 1.7. Sex Ratio by Rural/Urban Residence 23 3.8. Sex Ratio of the Population in Two Age Groups, by Rural/UrbanResidence 24 3.9. Rural/Urban Ratio of Women inReproductiS Ages, for Two Census Dates 25 Tables 3.1. Total Population, by Sex, and Sex Ratio 26 3.2. Total Population: 1960 to 1985 27 3.3. Percent of Population Under Age 15 Years and Age 65 Years and Over,by Sex 28 3.4. Dependency Ratios, by Rural/Urban Residence ,. 29 3.5. Percent of Female Population in Selected Age Groups 30 3.6. Percent of Male Population in Selected Age Groups 31 3.7. Sex Ratios of Population in Selected Age Groups 32 3.8. Percent of Population Residing in Urban Areas, by Sex, andFemale/Male Ratio of Percent Urban: Latest Two Censuses 33 3.9. Average Annual Population Growth Rates, by Rural /UrbanResidence, Between the Latest Two Census Rounds 34 3.10.Percent of Migrants Among Total Population, and in Provinceof the Capital City 35 3.11. Sex Ratios of Rural Population in Selected AgeGroups 36 3.12. Sex Ratios of Urban Population in Selected AgeGroups 37 3.13.Percent Distribution of Female Population 'Residing in Rural andUrban Areas, by Selected Age Groups 38 3.14. Percent Distribution of Women Age 15 to 49Years, by Rural/Urban Residence, 1980's and 1970`s, and Rural/Urban Ratios of theTwo Populations 39 le Contents Women of the World Chapter 4.Literacy and Education 41 Figures 4.1. Percent Literate Among Women sand Men 10Years of Age and Over 48 4.2. Percent Literate Among Women and Men 10Years of Age and Over, by Rural/Urban Residence 49 4.3. Percent Literate for Women &nd Mee, by Age 50 4.4. Percent Literate for Women, by Agr and Rural/UrbanResidence 52 4.5. Percent Enrolled in School A -nong Girls and Boys 10 to14 Years of Age 53 4.6. Percent Enrolled in School Among Girls and Boys 10 to14 Years of Age, by Rural/Urban Residence 54 Tables 4.1 Percent Literate Among Population Age 10 Years andOver, by Sex and c, Rural/Urban Residence, and Female/Male Ratio of PercentLiterate 55 4.2. Percent Literate Among Women and Men inSelected Age Groups 58 4.3. Percent of Population Age 5 to 24 YearsEnrolled in School, by Sex, and Female/Male Ratio of Percent Enrolled 59 4.4. Percent of Population Enrolled in School, by Age andSex 60 4.5. Percent of Population Enrolled in School, by Age andSex, for Rural Areas 61 4.6. Percent of Population Enrolled in School, by Age andSex, for Urban Areas 62 4.7.
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