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Archery Leader Guide Basic and Advanced Levels Ages 8-18 Years

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Archery Leader Guide Basic and Advanced Levels Ages 8-18 years Julia S. Kelly July 2018 Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………. 3 Basic Lessons 1 Eye Dominance………………………………………………………. 5 2 Shooting Safety………………………………………………………. 8 3 Shooting Form………………………………………………………… 13 4 Archery Equipment………………………………………………… 18 5 Instinctive Shooting………………………………………………… 26 6 Basic Archery Disciplines………………………………………… 29 7 Building a Bow……………………………………………………….. 41 Basic Assessment & Key…………………………………………. 47 Advanced Lessons 1 Types of Bows………………………………………………………… 57 2 Selecting Equipment………………………………………………. 66 3 Trajectory of an Arrow…………………………………………… 73 4 Physiology of Archery…………………………………………….. 78 5 Setting Up a Bow……………………………………………………. 83 6 Fletching an Arrow………………………………………………… 88 7 Building and Using Sights……………………………………….. 92 Advanced Assessment & Key…………………………………. 97 Appendix-PowerPoint Slide Shows Basic-Lesson 2: Shooting Safety……………………………… 106 Basic-Lesson 5: Setting Up a Bow…………………………… 108 Basic-Lesson 6: Basic Archery Disciplines……………….. 110 Advanced-Lesson 3: Trajectory of an Arrow…………… 114 Advanced-Lesson 4: Physiology of Archery…………….. 119 2 Introduction The purpose of this guide is to provide a resource for archery leaders that include reflection, application and evaluation with the activities. The primary objectives are: To improve accuracy by performing proper shooting form Practice safety in all aspects of archery Develop life skills while learning archery This guide was developed to address a need of archery leaders to plan activities that purposely incorporate life skills while teaching the youth all about archery. The concepts and principles originate in the National 4-H Shooting Sports Committee Instructor’s Manual II. This guide is designed to be used only by Level I Certified Archery Instructors, the training required to be a 4- H archery leader, as the concepts included are covered in-depth in the training. There are 14 lessons. Seven are in the Basic Section and seven in the Advanced Section. The sections are divided up by both skill level and age. All beginning archers, regardless of age should be learning the lessons from the Basic Section, especially 1-3. The Advanced Section is for more experienced archers (shot for at least a year) who have mastered the lessons in the Basic Section and are also age 11 or above. In the Basic section, the evaluation in each lesson should be satisfactorily completed before moving to the next lesson. Some material takes more than one meeting to master so an understanding of the material may be sufficient for advancement. The Personal Safety life skill is featured in all seven lessons. This lowers the risk of injury when the safety protocols included in the lessons are followed. Safety is a consideration whenever archery equipment is being handled, whether the archer is shooting or not. Many of the lessons in this section can be taught by older Advanced Level archers. The Advanced Section includes lessons that are critical for run recreational shooting. Instead, some concepts are more abstract including physics and physiology. The purpose of these lessons is not to teach the archer how to shoot. They are intended to develop the life skills of Marketable Skills and Personal Safety. Problem Solving and Decision Making are also focused on. Proficiency in a lesson is not a requirement to learn the following lesson. However, it is recommended that Lessons 1 and 2 be completed sequentially but it is not required. Throughout the book, there are references to the 4-H Instructor Manual. It is recommended that you read the fact sheets included in the manual for in-depth information. The accompanying CD includes slide shows and a video which complement the lessons. Often in archery, seeing the action or concept instead of just hearing about it is more powerful than simply reading or hearing it. In the Appendix are fact sheets, diagrams and printed copies of the slide shows. 3 Basic Lesson 1 Eye Dominance Lesson 1: Eye Dominance/4 Lesson 1: Eye Dominance Skill level: Basic Time Needed: 10 minutes Learning Objectives: Project Skills Youth will be able to identify their dominant eye. Skills for Life Teamwork Critical Thinking Personal Safety Materials needed: Clipboard List of archers Pen/pencil Setting: On the range Lead in questions: How do you know what your dominant eye is? How is your dominant eye related to your dominant hand? Why is it important in archery to identify your dominant eye? Introduction: Almost everyone has a dominant eye. The image one sees lines up with the dominant eye. Very few people have indeterminate eye dominance but a large minority is cross-dominant. That is to say, their dominant eye is opposite their dominant hand. Archers with eyedness and handedness on the same side have easier time learning archery than cross-dominant. However, if a cross-dominant person switches to the dominant hand side, they will have an even more difficult time mastering the sport. Even with the difficulties of being cross- dominant, in the long run, by following the eyedness, they will be better archers. Background information: Most people have a dominant eye, just as they have a dominant hand or foot. When a person looks at an object with both eyes, the dominant eye aligns directly with the object unless an obstruction interferes with a clear line of sight. Under normal conditions, when a finger is pointed at an object, or two or more objects are aligned visually, the dominant eye determines the alignment. Just as some people are truly ambidextrous, a very small number of people Lesson 1: Eye Dominance/5 have indeterminate eye dominance. The majority, however, have a dominant eye. In most cases, eye dominance and hand dominance are on the same side, but many people are cross dominant. That is, their handedness and eyedness are on opposite sides (Howard & Peter, 2012). For more information, see the fact sheet, “Determining Eye Dominance” in the Florida 4-H Archery Discipline Instructor Manual. Activity: Pair archers and have them stand facing each other 6 feet apart. Start with one archer in each pair doing the following: have them place one thumb over the other and cross their fingers over the fingers of the other hand, leaving a small triangle. Raise both hands together, keeping both eyes open and their arms straight toward their partner. They will look at their partner’s nose through the opening. The partner should note which eye can be seen through the opening. Now keeping the nose in the opening, they will bring their hands slowly back to their face. The partner should watch for any “cheating” where the hands seem to wander from eye to eye. The eye that their hands return to is their dominant eye. Now switch roles and try it again. Do not be concerned if the handedness and eyedness are different. A significant minority of the people in the world are cross dominant. For this first shoot, give them a bow as indicated by their dominant eye. They can switch later. www.pewpewtactical.com Chart the dominant eye. Lesson 1: Eye Dominance/6 Activity adapted from: Howard, R. A. (2014) Basic archery lesson 1: Archery equipment, safety and range commands. 4-H Archery instructor manual-Level II. National 4-H Shooting Sports Committee. Howard Jr., R. A. & Peter Jr., J. (2012) Fact sheet 3: Eye dominance. 4-H Archery instructor manual-Level II. National 4-H Shooting Sports Committee. Reflect: What could an image, like the target, look like if you were looking at it with your non-dominant eye? What happens when you try to look out your non-dominant eye without closing your dominant eye? Why is it easier for an archer with eyedness and handedness on the same side to learn archery? Apply: What is another activity where knowing your dominant eye would make it easier to do? Now that you know your dominant eye, is there any other activity you might do differently? Evaluation: The youth understands the concept if he or she selects a left-handed or right-handed bow according to his or her dominant eye and shoots using the bow. The youth does not select a bow based on handedness and instead begins shooting according to eyedness. Lesson 1: Eye Dominance/7 Basic Lesson 2 Shooting Safety Lesson 2: Shooting Safety/8 Lesson 2: Shooting Safety Skill level: Basic Time needed: 30 minutes Learning Objectives: Project Skills Youth will respond correctly to range commands. Youth will be able to distinguish between the different areas on the range. Youth will be able to explain the safety reminders and range rules. Skills for Life Decision Making Self-Responsibility Personal Safety Materials needed: Whistle Range Rules Sheet Setting: Archery range with lines and perimeter marked but not identified. Introduction: Before we begin shooting there are several safety practices that you need to know. Archery is a sport in which the tools can be dangerous if used incorrectly. Knowing the range layout and whistle commands will help to keep everyone on the range safe. The safety protocol must be strictly followed so that a fun and safe shoot takes place. Background information: In archery there are standard rules. It is important to make youth aware of the risks involved in archery and how to decrease the likelihood of an accident. A list of rules can be found with this lesson. Feel free to add to it, but don’t subtract any. It is helpful to give this list to all participants at the first meeting and post a copy on the range. However, there are two other safety protocol which apply to all archery ranges, inside and outside of 4-H. They are the range layout for outdoor FITA ranges and whistle commands. To follow risk management practices, the range should be laid out according to the Instructor Manual and whistle commands should be used every time the youth shoot.
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