DOCSLIB.ORG

'Silence' Categories in the Chinese Lyric Poetry Of

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
'Silence' Categories in the Chinese Lyric Poetry Of The Polish Journal of Aesthetics Vol. 32 (1/2014) Marina Kravtsova* On Poetic Discourses and Ways of Expression of ‘Empty’ and ‘Silence’ Categories in the Chinese Lyric Poetry of Six Dynasties (Liu Сhao, III–VI A.D.) and Tang (VII–X) Epochs Abstract The written Chinese language has a broad scale of lexical meanings for articulating the ‘empty’ and ‘silence’ categories in all their essential aspects. The present study is limited to a discussion of the kong 空 cognitive term, in its single semantic case only, as ‘empty’ (‘emptiness’), coinciding normally with ‘silence’ (ji 寂, jing 靜); and of two poetic scenar- ofios, Wang which Wei can 王維 be roughly defined as ‘dwelling in empty mountains’ and ‘dwelling in [an] withempty the chamber.’ individual The verses first ofof thesethe second is most century typical A.D. of Tang In this lyric paper poetry, I argue especially that in spitethe works of all (ca 701‒ca 761); the second, of poetry on amorous themes beginning social existence, the other representing living alone as loneliness, i.e. having an utterly essential differences between these scenarios ‒ one praising living alone as escaping from- - plyingnegative the sense ‘cutting ‒ both off’ ofare sensory grounded perception at bottom in favouron ancient of self-concentration, views of vision and which audial leads per to ception. Their archetypical background is formed by the idea of spiritual movement, im- nal things. Above all, the ‘empty’ and ‘silence’ categories appear to universally express the abundancethe sharpening of one’s of receptive surroundings faculties and for inner gaining conditions, keener and including keener mentalityperception and of allfeelings, exter which places these categories among the chief artistic techniques of Chinese lyric poetry. Key words China, lyric poetry, poetic means, sensory perception, audial, visual, ‘empty,’ ‘silence,’ spiritual movement, self-concentration, verses with eremitic motifs, verses on amorous themes, Taoism, Buddhism * Saint Petersburg State University, Russia Department of Philosophy and Culture of Orient Email: [email protected] Marina Kravtsova 16 The written Chinese language has a broad scale of lexical meanings for articulating the ‘empty’ and ‘silence’ categories in all their essential facets. This study is limited to a discussion of the kong 空 cognitive term in its single semantic case as ‘empty’ (‘emptiness’), coinciding normally (Luo 1991: 409) with ‘silence’ (ji 寂, jing 靜); and of two poetic scenar- kong is applied, if considered in termsios, which of the can poetic be roughly surface, defined to spatial as ‘dwellingdistinctions in ofempty the narration mountains’ and and to the‘dwelling entourage in [an] of emptythe poem’s chamber.’ protagonist. In both, The motif of dwelling in kong mountains or another, more local, natu- ral place, usually a forest (lin 林), is most typical of Tang lyric poetry, par- 王維 鹿柴 ticularly of the works of Wang Wei (ca 701‒cajueju 761). 絕句 Among), grouped them, in the most notable for this analysisWangchuan is the famous ji 輞川集 ʻLu zhai’ (Wang (‘DeerRiver collec Park’)- tion),poem, created the fifth during of twenty the Tianbao pentametric 天寶 quatrains ( 1 and, as Wang’s pref- acethe explains,likewise 2very on his well-known Wangchuan country estate,3 each poem in a particu- era (742‒56) lar spot空山不見人 within, 但聞人語響 the place.. ‘Lu返景入深林 zhai’ reads:, 復照青苔上 voice; / Returning light enters the deep forest, / Again shining upon the green moss.On the (transl. empty bymountain, Richard W,seeing Bodman no one, & Victor / Only H. hearing Mair: Mair the 2000:echoes 92) of someone’s - tic or essential simplicity (insofar as the notion of ‘simple’ can generally be appliedUpon first to Chinesereading, poetry),the poem giving provides the anillusion impression that it ofis eitherno more linguis than - - a masterfully executed landscape miniature, reflecting, certainly, the po et’s mood (longing to be a recluse), and the perceptive specifics of his per sonal nature (including aesthetic insight), but lacking a true deep core 1 TheOn this Wangchuan period of ji Wang’s original life, text his is internal presented conditions in many andChinese creative editions, activities ongoing see: fromLiu 2002:2 the Chapter 73‒85. (Juan 卷 Quan Tang shi 全唐詩 (Complete Tang Poems) compendium, compelled at the beginning of 1700s by a numerous group of experts under the leadership of Peng) 128 Dingqiu from the 彭定求 - In the foothills south of Changan 長安, the(1645‒1719), Tang imperial and capital, several at times the place repub of modernlished3 in Xian China, 西安 including: city, Shaanxi Peng 1999:陝西 province.II, 1300‒1301. On Poetic Discourses and Ways of Expression... 17 beneath its surface, along with any additional required expositions. (e.g. brief commentaries and explanations, or even entirely without, (e.g. Mair You 1981: II, 41) No wonder that it could have been published with only (in terms of tonal patterns) and linguistic perfection of the Tang ‘recent style’2000: (92)jin-ti or 近體 that it is sometimes taken merely as a sample of the formal- ) lyric poetry. (e.g. Liu 1962: 41; Yu 1985: 199) The ap- ditionsparent simplicityhave been of published ‘Lu zhai’ isin oneEnglish, of several French possible and other reasons European it attracts lan- guages.translators.4 (Kroll 2001: 295) About 30 (or even more) alternative ren ‘Deer Fence,’ ‘The Form of Deer,’ etc.), and authored by scholars as well as professional Under poets, different they vary titles from (‘Dear near-literal Enclosure,’ translations ‘Deer-Park to Hermitage,’ variations on a theme. 5 6 changed considerably in the direction of recognition of its semantic rich- ness.Over Evaluations the past predominantfew decades, inscholarly current Chineseapproaches7 and to Western the poem studies have 8 the most important from the Wang River collection and introduces us to can be condensed into the following summary. First, the ‘Lu zhai’ poem is- phasis on perceptual and cognitive limitations, transcendence of tempo- some of the key modes of consciousness of the poet’s entire oeuvre: em 4 The most concentrated amount of these renditions is given at: Weinberger & Paz 1987. On English translations of Wang’s verses after 1980s see: Yu 2012: 91‒92. There- are also several renditions of ‘Lu zhai’ in Russian, made by A. Gitovich (1909‒1966) and A. Shteinberg (1907‒1984), in the first hand, published and republished in vari ous editions,5 see: Sorokin 1986: 117‒122. E. g. ‘On the empty mountains no one can be seen, / But human voices are heard to resound. / The reflected sunlight pierces the deep forest / And falls again upon the mossy6 ground.’ (transl. by James J. Y. Liu: Liu 1962: 41) E. g. ‘Deep in the mountain wilderness / Where nobody ever comes / Only once in a great while / Something like the sound of a far off voice. / The low rays of the sun / Slip through the dark forest, / And gleam again on the shadowy moss.’ (‘Deep in the Mountain Wilderness’, transl. by Kenneth Rexroth, 1905‒1982, in: WeinbergerWangchuan & jiPaz in 1987:7 22) On the Chinese studies since the 1980s of Wang’s poetry and concrete in the aspect of its philosophical implications and spiritual background see: overtonesLü &8 Zhang (starting 2003: II, with 735‒759. connotations of its title with the name of the site near Benares The Western revisions of ‘Lu zhai,’ including arguments in favor of its Buddhist- where the Buddha preached his first sermon after becoming enlightened), are summa rized best of all in: Yu 2012: 87‒88. Marina Kravtsova 18 ral and spatial distinctions, and a sense of the harmony of the individual - ceptions with far-ranging Buddhist, Chan-Buddhist (Buddhism’s south- ernand nature.branch, Second,Nan-Chan it links zong keenly 南禪宗 observed),9 and Taoist and deceptively implications. simple10 Third, per kong is the crucial word of the text, used by Wang in its Buddhist meaning śūnyatā - ditions, denoting the illusory or ‘empty’ nature of all reality and the ulti- mateas a translation reality; the of word the Sanskritembodies word natural ‘silence’, a key and term ‘emptiness.’ in Buddhist Within tra Chinese scholarship the kong shan binome is also commonly recognised as representing the exterior of empty and silent mountains and forests (kongji de shanlin 空寂的山林 - : Tao 2004: 162); or a more composite pic questionture of an of evening the connotations landscape becomingof kong in immersedterms of visual in darkness and audial and percep silence- tion,after whichthe sunset. deserves (Liu, to Tian be an and item Wang of special 1988: inquiry. 351) Thus we come to the The idea of visual and audial perception as the basis for human sen- Zhou 周 epoch, ninth to third centuries B.C.) thought, where it is realised in two variant models related to Confucianism sitivity goes back to ancient ( wu shi 五事: and Taoism. The first is offeredHongfan in the frame洪範 of the theory of - ter‘five of personal the classical matters,’ Shujing (Legge 2004: II, 110) or ‘Five Duties,’ (Nylan 1992: 16) initially narrated by the Shang shu, Hallowed (Great Plan) Documents). treatise, Currenta chap scholarship (reversing the traditionalbook (Documents, chronological Book orderof History, and challenging or Book of theDocuments; authenticity also of known Shujing as asthe a record of high antiquity11) would date the compilation of Hongfan chapter roughly to the fourth century B.C. 2001: 137) Hongfan’s Section (Nylan 2 are: mao 貌, ‘bodily demeanor’; yan 言, ‘speech’; shi 視, ‘seeing’ or ‘vision’; ting The five personal matters spoken about in the 9 On Southern Chan impact on Wang’s poetry see, for example: Ge 1993: 240‒241;Wang- chuanSu 2007:10 ji and 183‒185. Taoist correlations of kong are mostly accurate argued in: Qiao & Chen The Taoist influence on Wang Wei and his woks, Taoist implications of 2000:11 I, 326‒327.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Katsushika Hokusai and a Poetics of Nostalgia
    ACCESS: CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN EDUCATION 2015, VOL. 33, NO. 1, 33–46 https://doi.org/10.1080/00131857.2014.964158 Katsushika Hokusai and a Poetics of Nostalgia David Bell College of Education, University of Otago ABSTRACT KEYWORDS This article addresses the activation of aesthetics through the examination of cultural memory, Hokusai, an acute sensitivity to melancholy and time permeating the literary and ukiyo-e, poetic allusion, nostalgia, mono no aware pictorial arts of Japan. In medieval court circles, this sensitivity was activated through a pervasive sense of aware, a poignant reflection on the pathos of things. This sensibility became the motivating force for court verse, and ARTICLE HISTORY through this medium, for the mature projects of the ukiyo-e ‘floating world First published in picture’ artist Katsushika Hokusai. Hokusai reached back to aware sensibilities, Educational Philosophy and Theory, 2015, Vol. 47, No. 6, subjects and conventions in celebrations of the poetic that sustained cultural 579–595 memories resonating classical lyric and pastoral themes. This paper examines how this elegiac sensibility activated Hokusai’s preoccupations with poetic allusion in his late representations of scholar-poets and the unfinished series of Hyakunin isshu uba-ga etoki, ‘One hundred poems, by one hundred poets, explained by the nurse’. It examines four works to explain how their synthesis of the visual and poetic could sustain aware themes and tropes over time to maintain a distinctive sense of this aesthetic sensibility in Japan. Introduction: Mono no aware How can an aesthetic sensibility become an activating force in and through poetic and pictorial amalgams of specific cultural histories and memories? This article examines how the poignant aesthetic sensibility of mono no aware (a ‘sensitivity to the pathos of things’) established a guiding inflection for social engagements of the Heian period (794–1185CE) Fujiwara court in Japan.
    [Show full text]
  • From Grasping to Emptiness – Excursions Into the Thought-World of the Pāli Discourses (2)
    From Grasping to Emptiness – Excursions into the Thought-world of the Pāli Discourses (2) Anālayo © 2010 Anālayo Published by The Buddhist Association of the United States 2020 Route 301, Carmel, New York 10512 Printed in Taiwan Cover design by Laurent Dhaussy ISBN 978-0-615-25529-3 Introduction 3 1. Grasping / Upādāna 5 1.1 Grasping at Sensual Pleasures 5 1.2 Grasping at Views 7 1.3 Grasping at Rules and Observances 9 1.4 Grasping at a Doctrine of Self 10 1.5 The Five Aggregates [Affected by] Clinging 13 1.6 Grasping and Nibbāna 15 1.7 Freedom from Grasping 16 2. Personality View / Sakkāyadihi 19 2.1 Manifestations of Personality View 19 2.2 Removal of Personality View 24 3. Right View / Sammādihi 27 3.1 Wrong View 27 3.2 Right View and Investigation 29 3.3 Right View as the Forerunner of the Path 31 3.4 Arrival at Right View 33 3.5 Right View and the Four Noble Truths 34 4. Volitional Formations / Sakhārā 39 4.1 Sakhāras as an Aggregate 40 4.2 Sakhāras as a Link in Dependent Arising 44 4.3 Sakhāras in General 48 5. Thought / Vitakka 55 5.1 The Ethical Perspective on Thought 56 5.2 The Arising of Thought 57 5.3 The Vitakkasahāna-sutta 60 5.4 Vitakka in Meditation 64 5.5 Thought Imagery 66 6. Wise Attention / Yoniso Manasikāra 69 6.1 Wise ( Yoniso ) 69 6.2 Attention ( Manasikāra ) 72 6.3 The Implications of Wise Attention 72 6.4 The Importance of Wise Attention 78 7.
    [Show full text]
  • UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT of MISSOURI EASTERN DIVISION JEFFREY D. BRIDGES, ) ) Plaintiff, ) ) V. )
    Case: 4:06-cv-01200-ERW Doc. #: 16 Filed: 07/26/07 Page: 1 of 40 PageID #: <pageID> UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT EASTERN DISTRICT OF MISSOURI EASTERN DIVISION JEFFREY D. BRIDGES, ) ) Plaintiff, ) ) v. ) Case number 4:06cv1200 ERW ) TCM MICHAEL J. ASTRUE, ) Commissioner of Social Security,1 ) ) Defendant. ) REPORT AND RECOMMENDATION OF UNITED STATES MAGISTRATE JUDGE This is an action under 42 U.S.C. § 405(g) for judicial review of the final decision of Michael Astrue, the Commissioner of Social Security ("Commissioner"), denying Jeffrey D. Bridges disability insurance benefits ("DIB") under Title II of the Social Security Act ("the Act"), 42 U.S.C. §§ 401-433. Plaintiff has filed a brief in support of his complaint; the Commissioner has filed a brief in support of his answer. The case was referred to the undersigned United States Magistrate Judge for a review and recommended disposition pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 636(b). Procedural History Jeffrey D. Bridges ("Plaintiff") applied for DIB in December 2003, alleging he was disabled as of January 2000 by Wegener's disease, stress, aches and pains, memory loss, 1Mr. Astrue was sworn in as the Commissioner of Social Security on February 12, 2007, and is hereby substituted as defendant pursuant to Rule 25(d)(1) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Case: 4:06-cv-01200-ERW Doc. #: 16 Filed: 07/26/07 Page: 2 of 40 PageID #: <pageID> depression, high blood pressure, and anxiety. (R. at 48-50.)2 This application was denied initially and after a hearing held in November 2004 before Administrative Law Judge ("ALJ") James B.
    [Show full text]
  • Factors Influencing Depression in Men: a Qualitative Investigation
    University of Kentucky UKnowledge Theses and Dissertations--Nursing College of Nursing 2015 Factors Influencing Depression in Men: A Qualitative Investigation Lori A. Mutiso University of Kentucky, [email protected] Right click to open a feedback form in a new tab to let us know how this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Mutiso, Lori A., "Factors Influencing Depression in Men: A Qualitative Investigation" (2015). Theses and Dissertations--Nursing. 15. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/nursing_etds/15 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Nursing at UKnowledge. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations--Nursing by an authorized administrator of UKnowledge. For more information, please contact [email protected]. STUDENT AGREEMENT: I represent that my thesis or dissertation and abstract are my original work. Proper attribution has been given to all outside sources. I understand that I am solely responsible for obtaining any needed copyright permissions. I have obtained needed written permission statement(s) from the owner(s) of each third-party copyrighted matter to be included in my work, allowing electronic distribution (if such use is not permitted by the fair use doctrine) which will be submitted to UKnowledge as Additional File. I hereby grant to The University of Kentucky and its agents the irrevocable, non-exclusive, and royalty-free license to archive and make accessible my work in whole or in part in all forms of media, now or hereafter known. I agree that the document mentioned above may be made available immediately for worldwide access unless an embargo applies.
    [Show full text]
  • From Grasping to Emptiness – Excursions Into the Thought-World of the Pāli Discourses (2)
    From Grasping to Emptiness – Excursions into the Thought-world of the Pāli Discourses (2) Anālayo © 2010 Anālayo Published by The Buddhist Association of the United States 2020 Route 301, Carmel, New York 10512 Printed in Taiwan Cover design by Laurent Dhaussy ISBN 978-0-615-25529-3 Introduction 3 1. Grasping / Upādāna 5 1.1 Grasping at Sensual Pleasures 5 1.2 Grasping at Views 7 1.3 Grasping at Rules and Observances 9 1.4 Grasping at a Doctrine of Self 10 1.5 The Five Aggregates [Affected by] Clinging 13 1.6 Grasping and Nibbāna 15 1.7 Freedom from Grasping 16 2. Personality View / Sakkāyadihi 19 2.1 Manifestations of Personality View 19 2.2 Removal of Personality View 24 3. Right View / Sammādihi 27 3.1 Wrong View 27 3.2 Right View and Investigation 29 3.3 Right View as the Forerunner of the Path 31 3.4 Arrival at Right View 33 3.5 Right View and the Four Noble Truths 34 4. Volitional Formations / Sakhārā 39 4.1 Sakhāras as an Aggregate 40 4.2 Sakhāras as a Link in Dependent Arising 44 4.3 Sakhāras in General 48 5. Thought / Vitakka 55 5.1 The Ethical Perspective on Thought 56 5.2 The Arising of Thought 57 5.3 The Vitakkasahāna-sutta 60 5.4 Vitakka in Meditation 64 5.5 Thought Imagery 66 6. Wise Attention / Yoniso Manasikāra 69 6.1 Wise ( Yoniso ) 69 6.2 Attention ( Manasikāra ) 72 6.3 The Implications of Wise Attention 72 6.4 The Importance of Wise Attention 78 7.
    [Show full text]
  • Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Toni Morrison's Beloved
    ================================================================= Language in India www.languageinindia.com ISSN 1930-2940 Vol. 18:4 April 2018 India’s Higher Education Authority UGC Approved List of Journals Serial Number 49042 ================================================================ Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Toni Morrison’s Beloved Nidhin Johny, M.Phil. Research Scholar and Subin P. S., Ph.D. Scholar ================================================================== Courtesy: https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/117647/beloved-by-toni- morrison/9780307264886/ Abstract Experiencing trauma is an inevitable part of human life, we must go through extremely difficult situation though we like it or not. History is painted in blood. Literature provides an amble medium for venting out certain emotions. Human beings are exposed to worst situation in the course of history and most of the rational race has come out of it without unaltered mental and spiritual sanctity. But not all of them were lucky despite the human ability to adapt and survive some traumatic experience has shaken up the whole composition of physical mental and psychological wellbeing of these people. Post- traumatic stress disorder gives a theoretical framework on how people’s conception of the world and themselves and how personal and shared experience are intertwined. In Toni Morrison’s Beloved we see the psychological effect of the personal and collective trauma of slavery. Each of the characters though out of slavery are still haunted by the ghosts of their past, their ================================================================= Language in India www.languageinindia.com ISSN 1930-2940 18:4 April 2018 Nidhin Johny, M.Phil. Research Scholar and Subin P. S., Ph.D. Scholar Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Toni Morrison’s Beloved 221 bodies are emancipated their minds still carries the burden of memory.
    [Show full text]
  • Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu, an Initiator of the Psychological Thriller
    MEISART, MICHELE F. Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu: An Initiator of the Psychological Thriller. (1973) Directed by: Dr. Arthur W. Dixon. Pp.100. Joseph Sheridan Le Fanu, an important figure in the world of supernatural literature, was born in Ireland and as a writer could never escape his Irish origin. In his short stories the themes as well as the characters are Irish and in his novels the atmosphere is definitely Irish. The Irish people furnished Le Fanu with a never ending source for the psychological study of characters of his novels. His power of penetration into the human mind was enhanced by his own neurosis and his personal grief (when his wife died he became a recluse). His neurosis and his grief also caused his novels to become more indepth studies of death, murder and retribution. The strength of his stories lies in the fact that they are based on his own experience. The bases for his weirdly horrible tales, specifically the novels Uncle Silas, Checkmate, Wylder's Hand and Willing to Die are the following: one, the reader shares in the hallu- cinations and premonitions of the victim, two, he also shares in the identity of the agent of terror. In supernatural literature Le Fanu is between the gothic period and the modern supernatural fiction. There are elements of both in his own stories. The natural elements, typically gothic, condition the reader psychologically. Le Fanu, deeply learned in Swedenborgianism, believed that "men are constantly surrounded by preternatural powers," represented by vegetation, the moon or a house. These preternatural influences create an effect on the characters in the stories.
    [Show full text]
  • The Application of Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Linda Hogan’S Solar Storms and Eden Robinson’S Monkey Beach
    Northern Michigan University NMU Commons All NMU Master's Theses Student Works 5-2020 THE CATASTROPHIC OPEN WOUND: THE APPLICATION OF COMPLEX POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN LINDA HOGAN’S SOLAR STORMS AND EDEN ROBINSON’S MONKEY BEACH Kawther I. Abbas [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.nmu.edu/theses Part of the English Language and Literature Commons Recommended Citation Abbas, Kawther I., "THE CATASTROPHIC OPEN WOUND: THE APPLICATION OF COMPLEX POST- TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN LINDA HOGAN’S SOLAR STORMS AND EDEN ROBINSON’S MONKEY BEACH" (2020). All NMU Master's Theses. 621. https://commons.nmu.edu/theses/621 This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Works at NMU Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in All NMU Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of NMU Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected],[email protected]. THE CATASTROPHIC OPEN WOUND: THE APPLICATION OF COMPLEX POST- TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN LINDA HOGAN’S SOLAR STORMS AND EDEN ROBINSON’S MONKEY BEACH By Kawther I. Abbas THESIS Submitted to Northern Michigan University In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Office of Graduate Education and Research April 2020 SIGNATURE APPROVAL FORM THE CATASTROPHIC OPEN WOUND: THE APPLICATION OF COMPLEX POST- TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN LINDA HOGAN’S SOLAR STORMS AND EDEN ROBINSON’S MONKEY BEACH This thesis by Kawther I. Abbas is recommended for approval by the student’s Thesis Committee and Department Head in the Department of English and by the Dean of Graduate Education and Research.
    [Show full text]
  • The Harmony of Illusions the Harmony of Illusions
    THE HARMONY OF ILLUSIONS THE HARMONY OF ILLUSIONS I NVENTING POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER Allan Young PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY Copyright 1995 by Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, Chichester, West Sussex All Rights Reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Young, Allan, 1938– The harmony of illusions : inventing post-traumatic stress disorder / Allan Young. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-691-03352-8 (cloth : alk. paper) 1. Post-traumatic stress disorder—Philosophy. 2. Social epistemology. I. Title. RC552.P67Y68 1995 616.85′21—dc20 95-16254 This book has been composed in Times Roman Princeton University Press books are printed on acid-free paper and meet the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources Printed in the United States of America by Princeton Academic Press 10987654321 For Roberta Contents Acknowledgments ix Introduction 3 PART I: THE ORIGINS OF TRAUMATIC MEMORY One Making Traumatic Memory 13 Two World War I 43 PART II: THE TRANSFORMATION OF TRAUMATIC MEMORY Three The DSM-III Revolution 89 Four The Architecture of Traumatic Time 118 PART III: POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN PRACTICE Five The Technology of Diagnosis 145 Six Everyday Life in a Psychiatric Unit 176 Seven Talking about PTSD 224 Eight The Biology of Traumatic Memory 264 Conclusion 287 Notes 291 Works Cited 299 Index 321 Acknowledgments I OWE a debt to colleagues and friends in the Department of Social Studies of Medicine and the Department of Psychiatry at McGill University: I thank Don Bates, Alberto Cambrosio, Margaret Lock, Faith Wallis, George Weisz, and Laurence Kirmayer for their invaluable advice.
    [Show full text]
  • Battlefield Trauma (Exposure, Psychiatric Diagnosis and Outcomes)
    Battlefield Trauma (Exposure, Psychiatric Diagnosis and Outcomes) Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy By ROBERT ANDREW COXON November 2008 The University of Adelaide, Australia Centre for Military and Veterans’ Health School of Population Health and Clinical Practice Faculty of Health Sciences REFERENCES Aaronson, N.K., Acquadro, C., Alonso, J., Apolone, G., Bucquet, D., Bullinger, M., Bungay, K., Fukuhara, S., Gandek, B. & Keller, S. et al. (1992) International Quality of Life Assessment (IQOLA) Project. Quality of Life Research, 1, 349- 351. Acierno, R., Resnick, H.S., Kilpatrick, D.G., Saunders, B.E., & Best, C.L., (1999). Risk factors for rape, physical assault, and posttraumatic stress disorder in women: examination of differential multivariate relationships. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 13, 542-563. Adler, A.B.,Vaitkus, M.A. & Martin, J.A., (1996). Combat exposure and posttraumatic stress symptomatology among U.S. soldiers deployed to the Gulf War. Military Psychology, 8, 1-14. Alexander, D.A. & Wells, A., (1991). Reactions of police officers to body handling after a major disaster: A before and after comparison: British Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 547-555. American Psychiatric Association. (1952). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. First Edition. Washington D.C., American Psychiatric Association. American Psychiatric Association. (1968). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Second Edition. Washington D.C., American Psychiatric Association. American Psychiatric Association. (1980). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Third Edition. Washington D.C., American Psychiatric Association. American Psychiatric Association. (1987). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Third Edition (Revised). Washington D.C., American Psychiatric Association. American Psychiatric Association.
    [Show full text]
  • The Forensic Examination
    The Forensic Examination A Handbook for the Mental Health Professional Alberto M. Goldwaser Eric L. Goldwaser 123 The Forensic Examination Alberto M. Goldwaser · Eric L. Goldwaser The Forensic Examination A Handbook for the Mental Health Professional Alberto M. Goldwaser Eric L. Goldwaser Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Sheppard Pratt Health System Psychiatry New York University School of Medicine University of Maryland Medical Center Jersey City, NJ Baltimore, MD USA USA ISBN 978-3-030-00162-9 ISBN 978-3-030-00163-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00163-6 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018959462 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made.
    [Show full text]
  • Contradiction and Balance Between Entering Government Services and Seclusion in Xie Tiao's Poetry
    2019 International Linguistics, Education and Literature Conference (ILELC 2019) Contradiction and Balance between Entering Government Services and Seclusion in Xie Tiao’s Poetry Yin Shiyuan Statistics, School of Economics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China Keywords: Xie Tiao; the contradiction between government service and seclusion; seclusion Abstract: The contradiction between government service and seclusion ran through Xie Tiao’s whole life. Also, Xie Tiao’s poems reflect that such contradiction in thinking changed from emergence to outbreak and eventually to the dynamic balance of coexistence during his stay in Xuanzhou. Xie Tiao’s seclusion mode differs from the traditional concept of opposition between government service and seclusion and the prevailing thinking of breaking off the boundaries between government service and seclusion during the Southern Dynasties. Xie Tiao’s exploration in this balanced state provides future scholars with a new channel for solving the contradiction. It is of profound significance for future officials to develop seclusion concepts and create landscape poetry. 1. Introduction Seclusion is the thought occurring most frequently in numerous works created by Xie Tiao. For one thing, it was undoubtedly affected by social custom. For another, tremendous personal differences can be found in Xie Tiao. In the study of Xie Tiao’s thoughts, Chen Qingyuan pointed out that Xie Tiao’s poems embody the thoughts of longing for “great strategy” and fearing for disasters and slanders. Ge Xiaoyin put forward that Xie Tiao’s achievements in creating “prefecture study” poems and his impact on future poets. Zha Zhengxian analyzed seclusion-related thoughts in Xie Tiao’s poems and put forward that Xie’s works provide a poetry pattern for future generations to create seclusion and landscape poems.
    [Show full text]