World Health Statistics 2018: Monitoring Health for the Sdgs, Sustainable Development Goals

Home , Case fatality rate, Global health, Miss Austria 2018, Obesity in Austria

2018 2018

ISBN 978 92 4 156558 5

2018 World health statistics 2018: monitoring health for the SDGs, sustainable development goals

ISBN 978-92-4-156558-5

Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo).

Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalent Creative Commons licence. If you create a translation of this work, you should add the following disclaimer along with the suggested citation: “This translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition”.

Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization.

Suggested citation. World health statistics 2018: monitoring health for the SDGs, sustainable development goals. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.

Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data. CIP data are available at http://apps.who.int/iris.

Sales, rights and licensing. To purchase WHO publications, see http://apps.who.int/bookorders. To submit requests for commercial use and queries on rights and licensing, see http://www.who.int/about/licensing.

Third-party materials. If you wish to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such as tables, figures or images, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that reuse and to obtain permission from the copyright holder. The risk of claims resulting from infringement of any third-party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user.

General disclaimers. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of WHO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted and dashed lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement.

The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by WHO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters.

All reasonable precautions have been taken by WHO to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall WHO be liable for damages arising from its use.

Photo credits: page v WHO; page vi (upper) Lubna A. Al-Ansary; page vi (lower) WHO/Christopher Black; page 1 WHO/Andrew Esiebo; page 4 WHO/Diego Rodriguez; page 13 WHO/Tom Pietrasik. Design and layout by L’IV Com Sàrl, Villars-sous-Yens, Switzerland. Printed in Luxembourg. CONTENTS

Foreword...... v

Preface...... vi

Abbreviations...... vii

Introduction...... viii

Part 1 Understanding data in the World Health Statistics series...... 1

Part 2 Status of the health-related SDGs...... 4 2.1 Reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health...... 4 2.2 Infectious diseases...... 5 2.3 Noncommunicable diseases and mental health...... 7 2.4 Injuries and violence...... 7 2.5 Universal health coverage and health systems...... 8 2.6 Environmental risks...... 9 2.7 Health risks and disease outbreaks...... 10 References...... 11

Part 3 A broad spectrum of health challenges – selected issues...... 13 3.1 Increasing the coverage of essential health services...... 14 3.2 Cholera – an underreported threat to progress...... 16 3.3 Turning the rising tide of obesity in the young...... 18 References...... 21

Annex A: Summaries of selected health-related SDG indicators...... 22 Explanatory notes...... 22 Indicator 3.1.1 Maternal mortality...... 23 Indicator 3.1.2 Skilled birth attendance...... 24 Indicators 3.2.1/3.2.2 Child mortality...... 25 Indicator 3.3.1 HIV incidence...... 26 Indicator 3.3.2 Tuberculosis incidence...... 27 Indicator 3.3.3 Malaria incidence...... 28 Indicator 3.3.4 Hepatitis B incidence...... 29 Indicator 3.3.5 Need for neglected tropical disease interventions...... 30 Indicator 3.4.1 Mortality due to noncommunicable diseases...... 31 Indicator 3.4.2 Suicide mortality rate...... 32 Indicator 3.5.2 Alcohol use...... 33 Indicator 3.6.1 Deaths from road traffic injuries...... 34 Indicator 3.7.1 Family planning...... 35 Indicator 3.7.2 Adolescent birth rate...... 36 Indicator 3.8.1 Universal health coverage: service coverage...... 37 Indicator 3.8.2 Universal health coverage: financial protection...... 38 Indicator 3.9.1 Mortality due to air pollution...... 39

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs iii Indicator 3.9.2 Mortality due to unsafe WASH services...... 40 Indicator 3.9.3 Mortality due to unintentional poisoning...... 41 Indicator 3.a.1 Tobacco use...... 42 Indicator 3.b.1 Vaccine coverage...... 43 Indicator 3.b.2 Development assistance for health...... 44 Indicator 3.c.1 Health workers...... 45 Indicator 3.d.1 IHR capacity and health emergency preparedness...... 46 Indicator 1.a.2 Government spending on essential services, including health...... 47 Indicator 2.2.1 Stunting among children...... 48 Indicator 2.2.2 Wasting and overweight among children...... 49 Indicator 6.1.1 Safely managed drinking-water services...... 50 Indicator 6.2.1 Safely managed sanitation services...... 51 Indicator 7.1.2 Clean household energy...... 52 Indicator 11.6.2 Air pollution...... 53 Indicator 13.1.1 Mortality due to disasters...... 54 Indicator 16.1.1 Homicide...... 55 Indicator 16.1.2 Mortality due to conflicts...... 56 Indicator 17.19.2 Death registration...... 57

Annex B: Tables of health-related SDG statistics by country, WHO region and globally...... 59 Explanatory notes...... 59

Annex C: WHO regional groupings...... 86

iv WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 FOREWORD

n 2015, countries adopted the ambitious Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), each of which has specific targets to be achieved over the next 15 years. The SDGs include one health Igoal and over 50 health-related targets which are applicable to all countries, irrespective of their level of development. It is essential that we track progress towards these targets in all countries – a mammoth task in itself.

One of the key roles of the World Health Organization (WHO) is to monitor global health trends. The World Health Statistics series, published annually since 2005, is WHO’s annual snapshot of the state of the world’s health. Since 2016, the World Health Statistics series has focused on monitoring progress towards the SDGs and this 2018 edition contains the latest available data for 36 health-related SDG indicators.

The story it tells is that while we have made remarkable progress on several fronts, huge challenges remain if we are to reach the targets for health we have set ourselves. In some areas progress has stalled and the gains we have made could easily be lost.

Under-five mortality has improved dramatically – yet each and every day in 2016, 15 000 children died before reaching their fifth birthday. After unprecedented global gains in malaria control, progress has stalled because of a range of challenges, including a lack of sustainable and predictable funding. And while the risk of dying from cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease, diabetes or cancer has decreased since 2000, an estimated 13 million people under the age of 70 still died due to these diseases in 2016.

Maintaining the momentum towards the SDGs is only possible if countries have the political will and the capacity to prioritize regular, timely and reliable data collection to guide policy decisions and public health interventions. I care about outcomes and about accountability and I want to ensure that WHO, together with our partners, is doing all we can to get countries on track to reach the SDGs.

The WHO’s 13th General Programme of Work is designed to do exactly that. At its heart are the ambitious “triple billion” targets: one billion more people benefitting from universal health coverage (UHC); one billion more people better protected from health emergencies; and one billion more people enjoying better health and well-being.

To keep ourselves accountable, we have developed an “Impact Framework” for the 13th General Programme of Work, aligned with the SDGs. This will allow us to measure the only progress that really matters: less death and disease, and more healthy living for everyone, everywhere.

Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus Director-General World Health Organization

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs v PREFACE

orld health statistics 2018 signals WHO’s continued commitment to work with Member States and all partners to ensure WHO provides the most trusted W health-related data that are up to date, disaggregated and disseminated in an open manner, and widely used. These data are an essential resource to achieve the health- related SDGs and UHC. Robust health metrics, improved and focused measurement, and use of evidence and research are high priorities in the WHO’s 13th General Programme of Work. The Health Metrics and Measurement cluster works across WHO as the hub streamlining the flow of data from Member States and within the Organization, reducing the reporting burden on Member States, and coordinating research activities. For the first time in the World Health Statistics series, World health statistics 2018 provides labels to help users understand the types of data in the report. It also includes many updated data series as well as new indicators, and Part 3 is organized around WHO’s new priority areas of work: UHC, health emergencies, and healthier populations. Our ultimate goal is to support countries to make ethical and evidence-informed decisions to maximize health gains for their populations. Sincere thanks are extended to all who helped in collecting, processing and presenting these data at the country, regional and headquarters levels. World health statistics 2018 could not have been produced without this enormous dedicated collective effort.

Dr Lubna A. Al-Ansary Assistant Director-General Health Metrics and Measurement WHO headquarters Geneva, Switzerland

orld health statistics 2018 is the world’s summary of health-related data produced through concerted engagement with WHO Member States. The report helps us W to understand where data or estimates are available and, conversely, where we lack insights. We are at a pivotal moment to reset the global health data agenda and ensure continued focus on measuring the health-related SDG indicators. Improving data collection at the source, strengthening country capacity for data analysis and use, and introducing innovations in data capture, analysis and dissemination are WHO’s primary objectives in the 13th General Programme of Work. In the coming years, we will support country-level capacity- strengthening through essential tools and public goods that focus on the fundamentals for reliable statistics. We will improve statistical analysis, expand support for the curation and dissemination of national data, strengthen civil registration and vital statistics systems, and promote the availability of timely and quality data for the SDG era. We look forward to engaging with Member States and partners on this journey to 2030, to ensure health for all.

Dr John T. Grove Director Information, Evidence and Research Health Metrics and Measurement WHO headquarters Geneva, Switzerland ABBREVIATIONS

AFR WHO African Region AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AMR WHO Region of the Americas ANC antenatal care ART antiretroviral therapy BMI body mass index CRD chronic respiratory disease CVD cardiovascular disease DHS Demographic and Health Survey DTP diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis EMR WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region EUR WHO European Region FCTC Framework Convention on Tobacco Control GATHER Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting GHO Global Health Observatory GNI gross national income HBsAg hepatitis B surface antigen HBV hepatitis B virus HCV hepatitis C virus HIV human immunodeficiency virus IHR International Health Regulations LMIC low- and middle-income countries MCV measles-containing vaccine NCD noncommunicable disease NTD neglected tropical disease PCV pneumococcal-conjugated vaccine PM particulate matter RMNCH reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health SDG Sustainable Development Goal SEAR WHO South-East Asia Region TB tuberculosis UHC universal health coverage UN-IGME United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation UNAIDS Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund WASH water, sanitation and hygiene WPR WHO Western Pacific Region

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs vii INTRODUCTION

he World Health Statistics series is WHO’s annual compilation of health statistics for its 194 Member States. The series is produced by the WHO Department of Information, Evidence and Research, of the Health Metrics and T Measurement Cluster, in collaboration with all relevant WHO technical departments. World health statistics 2018 focuses on the health and health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and associated targets by bringing together data on a wide range of health-related SDG indicators. It also links to the three SDG-aligned strategic priorities of the WHO’s 13th General Programme of Work, 2019¬2023.1

World health statistics 2018 is organized into three parts. First, in order to improve understanding and interpretation of the data presented, Part 1 outlines the different types of data used and provides an overview of their compilation, processing and analysis. The resulting statistics are then publicized by WHO through its flagship products such as the World Health Statistics series. In Part 2 summaries are provided of the current status of selected health-related SDG indicators at global and regional levels, based on data available as of early 2018. As indicated above, World health statistics 2018 links to the SDG-aligned strategic priorities of the WHO’s 13th General Programme of Work. In Part 3, each of these three strategic priorities of achieving universal health coverage (UHC), addressing health emergencies and promoting healthier populations are illustrated through the use of highlight stories. In Annexes A and B, country-level statistics are presented for selected health-related SDG indicators. Additionally, Annex B also presents statistics at WHO regional and global levels. For the first time, the type of data used for each indicator (“comparable estimate”; “primary data”; or “other data”), as described in Part 1, is also shown.

The statistics presented in World health statistics 2018 are official WHO statistics based on data available for global monitoring in early 2018, and all comparable estimates have been consulted with Member States. The statistics have been compiled primarily using publications and databases produced and maintained by WHO or by United Nations groups of which WHO is a member, such as the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN- IGME). Additionally, a number of statistics have been derived from data produced and maintained by other international organizations, such as the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs and its Population Division.

It is important to note that comparable estimates are subject to considerable uncertainty, especially for countries where the availability and quality of the underlying primary data are limited. However, to ensure readability while covering such a comprehensive range of health topics, the printed and online versions of the World Health Statistics series do not include the margins of uncertainty which are instead made available through online WHO databases such as the Global Health Observatory.

In some cases, as SDG indicator definitions are being refined and baseline data are being collected, proxy indicators have been presented. All such proxy indicators are clearly indicated as such through the use of accompanying footnotes. For indicators with a reference period expressed as a range, country values refer to the latest available year in the range unless otherwise noted. Changes in the values shown for indicators reported on in previous editions of the World Health Statistics series should not be assumed to accurately reflect underlying trends. This applies to all data types (comparable estimate, primary data and other data) and all reporting levels (country, regional and global).

More details on the indicators and statistics presented here are available at the WHO Global Health Observatory.2

1 Draft 13th General Programme of Work, 2019–2023. Scheduled for consideration by the Seventy-first World Health Assembly in May 2018 (http://www.who.int/about/what-we-do/gpw- thirteen-consultation/en/, accessed 28 March 2018). 2 The Global Health Observatory (GHO) is WHO’s portal providing access to data and analyses for monitoring the global health situation. See: http://www.who.int/gho/en/, accessed 28 March 2018.

viii WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018

UNDERSTANDING DATA IN THE WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS SERIES

1Since 2016 the World Health Statistics series has served countries and over time, analysts develop mathematical as WHO’s annual report on the health-related Sustainable and statistical models with the aim of producing unbiased Development Goals (SDGs). The effective monitoring of estimates that are representative and comparable. SDG indicators requires comprehensive national health information strategies based on the use of data from In World health statistics 2017,1 more than 50 health- sources such as civil registration and vital statistics systems, related SDG indicators were identified. Currently, sufficient household and other population-based surveys, routine monitoring data are available for 36 indicators and these health-facility reporting systems and health-facility surveys, data are presented in Annexes A and B of the current report, administrative data systems and surveillance systems. Some as well as online in the WHO Global Health Observatory indicators also rely on non-health-sector data sources. (www.who.int/gho/en). For most indicators, comparable estimates are reported if they are available. Such data have Making sense of the often complex available data on health been generated using a database of primary data and a indicators can be highly challenging. Health data derived mathematical or statistical model, followed by consultation from health information systems, including health-facility with the relevant WHO Member State. In these cases, records, surveys or vital statistics, may not be representative the database of primary data used to derive the estimates of the entire population of a country and in some cases may is available online, together with other documentation not even be accurate. Comparisons between populations required by the Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent or over time can also be complicated by differences in data Health Estimates Reporting (GATHER).2 definitions and/or measurement methods. Although some countries may have multiple sources of data for the same For other indicators, the most recent observation from year, it is more usual for data not to be available for every a database of primary data is reported. Primary data is population or year. For example, measurement frequency for data collected through household surveys is typically 1 World Health Statistics 2017. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017 (http://www.who. int/gho/publications/world_health_statistics/2017/en/, accessed 28 March 2018). every 3–5 years. This means that the years for which data 2 Stevens GA, Alkema L, Black RE, Boerma JT, Collins GS, Ezzati M et al. Guidelines are available differ by country. To overcome these and for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting: the GATHER statement. Lancet. 2016;388(10062):1–5 (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304576854_ other issues and allow for comparisons to be made across Guidelines_for_Accurate_and_Transparent_Health_Estimates_Reporting_The_GATHER_ statement, accessed 28 March 2018).

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 1 of health statistics Ocial publication PUBLICATION AND DISSEMINATION WHO publishes its ocial statistics through its ﬂagship products such as the World Health Statistics series. 6 Reporting in line with GATHER Reporting REPORTING Data and methods are reported in line with GATHER. 5

I Note: Data on emergencies does not pass through the country consultation and reporting process in most cases

O C CONSULTATION After initial statistics are obtained, Member States are given an opportunity to comment on methods or provide new primary data. 4

ES T A IM T S

A country consultation may be carried out A country consultation ocial publication before may be validated Key informant data Some primary data are forwarded for ocial publication forwarded are Some primary data

O C COMPARABLE ESTIMATES A statistical or mathematical model is used to calculate comparable estimates. 3 DATA COMPILATION AND VALIDATION While some primary data need to be compiled, processed and validated, other primary data are forwarded for publication. 2 Via ocial request Publicly available data Publicly available DATA COLLECTION WHO collects data from a variety of sources through ocial requests or accessing publicly available data. 1 Fig. 1.1 Fig. consultation and reporting analysis, processing, Schematic overview of WHO data compilation,

2 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Table 1.1 Categories of data series appearing in World Health Statistics 2018

Label Definition Comparability Evidence base Member State consultation Example (SDG indicator) Comparable estimates A statistical or Statistics mean the same Comparable estimates are Member States are Maternal mortality ratio mathematical model thing in different countries. reported for countries with provided with draft (3.1.1) was used to generate primary data, as well as estimates, and may comparable statistics for for countries with weak or provide comments on the each country on the basis no primary data. methods and data used. of available primary data. Primary data A compilation of summary Country data are typically If statistics are reported for Although Member State Prevalence of stunting statistics based on from different years, and a country, they correspond consultation is not among children under 5 empirical measurements, data years may differ to primary (empirical) required, some data series years of age (2.2.1) for example statistics by up to 10 years. Some measurements from the are consulted upon with from individual surveys data series include only last 10 years. Member States. or case notification data. statistics which are These may include raw or collected using the same processed data. measurement methods and calculated using the same indicator definition, while other data series include statistics collected and calculated in a variety of non-comparable ways (non-comparable statistics are identified by footnotes in the annexes). Other data Data which are neither Statistics may not mean Statistics are reported Member State consultation Average of 13 International primary data nor the same thing in different regardless of primary data is not required; these data Health Regulations core comparable estimates countries. availability. are usually provided by capacity scores (3.d.1) (usually key informant Member States. data).

an umbrella term that includes both raw data (measures recent “primary data” or “other data” to clearly indicate the derived from primary data collection with no adjustments category to which it belongs. The features of each of these or corrections) and processed data (calculated from raw three types of data series are outlined in Table 1.1. These data).1 Processing raw health data can include cleaning data data labels can be used by readers of this report to guide by removing implausible values, calculating an indicator interpretation of the data presented and to inform further with an algorithm or adjusting a statistic for bias. In some, investigation on data sources by topic. Users of comparable but not all, cases these data have been consulted upon with estimates should interrogate the availability and quality of each respective Member State. the underlying data used to generate the estimates, and should take into account uncertainty intervals (available Although most data series reported in World Health online at the WHO Global Health Observatory). Users Statistics are either compilations of primary data or of primary data should assess whether the data are comparable estimates, there are some data series which comparable, taking into account the inclusion/exclusion do not clearly fit into either of these categories. Typically criteria for the database, whether adjustments were made these are data series compiled using the results of surveys to improve comparability and the year of data collection. of key informants, such as government officials, in countries. In this regard, attention should be given to the footnotes Such data series may reflect primary data known to the on country statistics provided in Annex B. Finally, users of informant, estimates known to the informant, or the opinion statistics which are labelled as other data should be aware of the informant regarding the local situation. In order to that primary data may not be available, and that data are label such data in the current report, a third data category often not comparable across countries. ¬ other data ¬ is used. In addition to the importance of understanding these A schematic overview of the compilation and processing different types of information at the global level to inform of primary data, calculation of comparable estimates, interpretation and policy dialogue, the reviewing of data consultation with Member States and publication in sources and data availability at country level can also help the World Health Statistics and other World Health to define the scope of ongoing and future health information Organization data products is provided in Fig. 1.1. strategies. In particular, any gaps in data collection can be identified and solutions prioritized to support the In World health statistics 2018, each data series has for the development of informed national health strategic plans. first time been labelled as “comparable estimates”, most

1 Stevens GA, Alkema L, Black RE, Boerma JT, Collins GS, Ezzati M et al. Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting: the GATHER statement. Lancet. 2016;388(10062):1–5 (https://www.researchgate.net/publication/304576854_ Guidelines_for_Accurate_and_Transparent_Health_Estimates_Reporting_The_GATHER_ statement, accessed 28 March 2018).

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 3

STATUS OF THE HEALTH-RELATED SDGs

2Overview as tobacco use, harmful use of alcohol and environmental conditions ¬ within the sustainable development agenda is While SDG 3 is the main SDG with an explicit focus on health, becoming ever clearer. However, in many countries, weak at least 10 other goals are also concerned with health issues. health systems remain an obstacle to progress and lead to In total, more than 50 SDG indicators have been agreed shortages in coverage of even the most basic health services, upon internationally to measure health outcomes, proximal as well as poor preparedness for health emergencies. determinants of health or health-service provision (1). These Based on the latest available data, the global and regional health-related indicators may be grouped into the following situations in relation to the above seven thematic areas are seven thematic areas: summarized below. Where available, country-specific data for health-related SDG indicators are presented graphically • reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health in Annex A and in tabular form in Annex B. • infectious diseases • noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and mental health • injuries and violence 2.1 Reproductive, maternal, newborn and • universal health coverage (UHC) and health systems child health • environmental risks • health risks and disease outbreaks. Far too many women still suffer ¬ and die from ¬ serious health issues during pregnancy and childbirth. In 2015, an Despite all the progress made during the Millennium estimated 303 000 women worldwide died due to maternal Development Goal (MDG) era, major challenges persist causes. Almost all of these deaths (99%) occurred in low- in the MDG priority areas. These challenges will need to and middle-income countries (LMIC), with almost two thirds be addressed if further progress is to be made in reducing (64%) occurring in the WHO African Region (2). Reducing maternal and child mortality, improving nutrition, and maternal mortality crucially depends upon ensuring that combating communicable diseases such as HIV/AIDS, women have access to quality care before, during and tuberculosis (TB), and malaria. Furthermore, the crucial after childbirth. WHO recommends that pregnant women importance of addressing NCDs and their risk factors ¬ such initiate first antenatal care contact in the first trimester of

4 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 pregnancy ¬ referred to as early antenatal care. Such care of older children (aged 5¬14 years) is an increasing area of enables the early management of conditions which may focus. In 2016, about 1 million such children died, mainly adversely impact upon pregnancy, thus potentially reducing from preventable causes (7). the risk of complications for women and newborns during and after delivery. However, globally, it is estimated that Globally in 2017, 151 million children under the age of more than 40% of all pregnant women were not receiving five (22%) were stunted (too short for their age), with early antenatal care in 2013 (3). Latest available data suggest three quarters of such children living in the WHO South- that while in most high-income and upper-middle-income East Asia Region or WHO African Region. High levels countries more than 90% of all births benefitted from the of stunting negatively impact on the development of presence of a trained midwife, doctor or nurse, less than half countries due to its association with childhood morbidity of all births in several low-income and lower-middle-income and mortality risks, learning capacity and NCDs later in countries were assisted by such skilled health personnel (4). life. In 2017, 51 million children under the age of five (7.5%) were wasted (too light for their height), while 38 million An estimated 77% of women of reproductive age who (5.6%) were overweight (too heavy for their height). are married or in-union have their family planning needs Wasting and overweight may coexist in a population at met with a modern contraceptive method ¬ leaving nearly levels considered medium to high ¬ the so-called “double 208 million women with unmet need (5). Latest estimates burden of malnutrition” ¬ as observed in the WHO Eastern indicate that that there are 12.8 million births among Mediterranean Region (Fig. 2.2) (9). adolescent girls aged 15¬19 years every year, representing 44 births per 1000 adolescent girls in this age group (6). Fig. 2.2 Prevalence of wasting and of overweight among children under five years old, by Early childbearing can increase risks for newborns as well WHO region and globally, 2017 as for the young mothers. Wasting Overweight

The world has made remarkable progress in reducing child 16 — mortality, with the global under-five mortality rate dropping 14 — from 93 per 1000 live births in 1990 to 41 per 1000 live 12 — births in 2016. Nonetheless, every day in 2016, 15 000 children died before reaching their fifth birthday. Children 10 — face the highest risk of dying in their first month of life, with 8 —

2.6 million newborns dying in 2016 ¬ the majority of these Prevalence (%) 6 — deaths occurring in the first week of life . Prematurity, (7) 4 — intrapartum-related events such as birth asphyxia and birth trauma, and neonatal sepsis accounted for almost three 2 — quarters of all neonatal deaths. Among children aged 1¬59 0 — AFR AMR SEAR EMR WPR Global months, acute respiratory infections, diarrhoea and malaria Note: Estimates are not available for the WHO European Region due to low coverage of were the leading causes of death in 2016 (8) (Fig. 2.1). With surveillance data. more young children now surviving, improving the survival

Fig. 2.1 2.2 Infectious diseases Causes of death in children under 5 years of age, 2016 Neonatal (0–27 days) Globally, HIV incidence has declined from 0.40 per 1000 Postneonatal (1–59 months) Under-fives uninfected population in 2005 to 0.26 per 1000 uninfected population in 2016 . The WHO African Region remained PrematurityPrematurity (10) Acute Acuterespiratory respiratory infections infections the most heavily impacted by HIV, with an incidence rate of Birth asphyxiaBirth asphyxia and birthand birth trauma trauma 1.24 per 1000 uninfected population in 2016 (11). In 2016, OtherOther communicable, communicable, perinatal and and nutritionalnutritional conditions conditions an estimated 1 million people died of HIV-related illnesses CongenitalCongenital anomalies anomalies Neonatal DiarrhoeaDiarrhoea ¬(0−27 120 days) 000 of whom were children under 15 years of age. Neonatal sepsis Postneonatal Neonatal sepsis The(1−59 months) global scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has InjuriesInjuries been the main driver of the 48% decline in HIV-related MalariaMalaria Other noncommunicableOther noncommunicable diseases diseases deathsUnder−fives from a peak of 1.9 million in 2005. By mid-2017, Meningitis/encephalitisMeningitis/encephalitis approximately 20.9 million people were receiving ART. MeaslesMeasles However, ART only reached 53% of people living with HIV HIV/AIDS HIV/AIDS at the end of 2016, and a rapid acceleration of responses is TetanusTetanus 0l 5l 10l 15l needed to increase treatment coverage, along with other 0 Percentage5 of total under−five10 deaths 15 interventions along the continuum of services, including Percentage of total under-five deaths prevention, diagnosis and chronic care (12).

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 5 After unprecedented global gains in malaria control, testing and treatment are provided. Most of the burden progress has stalled. Globally, an estimated 216 million of disease due to HBV infection results from infections cases of malaria occurred in 2016, compared with 237 acquired before the age of five. The widespread use of million cases in 2010, and 210 million cases in 2013. hepatitis B vaccine in infants has considerably reduced the Malaria claimed the lives of approximately 445 000 people incidence of new chronic HBV infections ¬ as reflected by in 2016 ¬ a similar number to the previous year. The main the decline in hepatitis B prevalence among children under challenge that countries face in tackling malaria is a lack 5 years of age from 4.7% in the pre-vaccine era1 to 1.3% in of sustainable and predictable funding. Other challenges 2015 (Fig. 2.4). At the same time, hepatitis B prevalence impeding the ability of countries to control and eliminate in the general population decreased from 4.3% to 3.5%. malaria include the risks posed by conflict in malaria Unsafe health-care procedures and injection-drug use endemic zones, anomalous climate patterns and mosquito are the major routes of HCV transmission. To reduce this resistance to insecticides, particularly those used for indoor risk, well-targeted prevention interventions need to be residual spraying (13). expanded (15).

TB remains a high-burden disease and progress in fighting Fig. 2.4 it, although impressive, is still not fast enough to close Estimated global prevalence of hepatitis B, by age, pre-vaccine era and 2015 persistent gaps. Globally, TB incidence declined from 173 Under 5 years old All ages 7 — Under 5 years old All ages new and relapse cases per 100 000 population in 2000 7 6 — to 140 per 100 000 population in 2016 ¬ a 19% decline 6 over the 16-year period. The TB mortality rate among 5 — 5 HIV-negative people fell by 39% during the same period. 4 — 4 In 2016, an estimated 10.4 million people fell ill with TB, 3 — 3 of whom 90% were adults, 65% were male and 10% 2 — 2 were people living with HIV. In that same year, there were 1 — 1 Global estimate of HBsAg prevalence (%) Global estimate of HBsAg prevalence an estimated 1.3 million TB deaths among HIV-negative Global estimate of HBsAg prevalence (%) 0 — 0 Pre-vaccinePre− 20152015 Pre-vaccinePre− 20152015 people and an additional 374 000 deaths among HIV- vaccine vaccine Note: Vertical lines represent 95% confidence intervals. positive people. While millions of people are diagnosed and successfully treated for TB each year, large gaps in case notification persist (Fig. 2.3). In addition, drug-resistant TB Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs)2 are a group of diseases is a continuing threat. In 2016, there were 600 000 new characterized by their proliferation in tropical environments cases of TB resistant to rifampicin (the most effective first- where multiple infections in a single individual are common, line drug) of which 490 000 were multidrug resistant (14). and by their association with poverty (16). A reported 1.5 billion people required mass or individual treatment and care for NTDs in 2016 ¬ down from 2 billion people in Fig. 2.3 Estimated, notified and successfully treated new and TB relapse cases, 2000–2016 2010. Progress has been driven by the elimination of diseases at country level in 2016, including the elimination Estimated incidence 95% confidence interval Notified of lymphatic filariasis in Cambodia, onchocerciasis (river Successfully treated blindness) in Guatemala and trachoma in Morocco. In the 14 — same year, more than a quarter of all those who required interventions against NTDs (27% equating to 409 million 12 — people) lived in low-income countries that are home to

10 — only about 9% of the world’s population. This reflects the disproportionate burden borne by these countries. At 8 — the same time, the fact that over 1 billion people living in middle- and high-income countries still required treatment 6 — and care for NTDs indicates the presence of poverty and

Number of cases (millions) 4 — inequality worldwide (17).

2 —

0 — l l l l l 1 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 Depending on the year of vaccine introduction, this can range from the 1980s to the early 2000s. 2 The NTDs focused on by WHO are: Buruli ulcer; Chagas disease; dengue and chikungunya; dracunculiasis (guinea-worm disease); echinococcosis; foodborne In 2015, an estimated 325 million people worldwide were trematodiases; human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness); leishmaniasis; leprosy (Hansen’s disease); lymphatic filariasis; mycetoma; chromoblastomycosis living with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus and other deep mycoses; onchocerciasis (river blindness); rabies; scabies and other (HCV) infection. Such infection carries the risk of slow ectoparasites; schistosomiasis; soil-transmitted helminthiases; snake-bite envenoming; taeniasis/cysticercosis; trachoma; and yaws (endemic treponematoses). See: http://www. progression to severe liver disease and death unless timely who.int/neglected_diseases/diseases/en/.

6 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 2.3 Noncommunicable diseases and mental health Tobacco use is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancers and chronic respiratory disease (CRD), In 2016, an estimated 41 million deaths occurred due to and has negative social, environmental and economic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), accounting for 71% consequences. In 2016, globally more than 1.1 billion people of the overall total of 57 million deaths. The majority of aged 15 years or older smoked tobacco (34% of all males such deaths were caused by the four main NCDs, namely: and 6% of all females in this age group) (20). To date, the cardiovascular disease (17.9 million deaths; accounting for WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO 44% of all NCD deaths); cancer (9.0 million deaths; 22%); FCTC) (21) has been ratified by 181 Parties, representing over chronic respiratory disease (3.8 million deaths; 9%); and 90% of the global population. During the period 2015¬2016, diabetes (1.6 million deaths; 4%). In 2016, a 30-year-old over half (98) of WHO Member States strengthened man had a higher risk of dying before reaching the age of 70 their implementation of the WHO FCTC through various from one of the four main NCDs than a 30-year-old woman measures, such as introducing or strengthening legislation (22% compared to 15% respectively). Adults in low- and requiring health warnings to appear on tobacco product lower-middle-income countries faced the highest risks packaging (92 countries) and improving the national (21% and 23% respectively) ¬ almost double the rate for monitoring of tobacco use (14 countries). Although 146 adults in high-income countries (12%). Globally, the risk of countries are currently monitoring the smoking behaviour dying from any one of the four main NCDs between ages of their populations, only 109 are monitoring the use of all 30 and 70 decreased from 22% in 2000 to 18% in 2016 types of tobacco products. (18). Meeting the SDG target of reducing premature NCD mortality by one third by 2030 will require the acceleration Almost 800 000 deaths by suicide occurred in 2016 (18). of progress, including action to reduce key risk factors Men are 75% more likely than women to die as a result of such as tobacco use, air pollution, unhealthy diet, physical suicide. Suicides deaths occur in adolescents and adults of inactivity and harmful use of alcohol ¬ as well as improved all ages (Fig. 2.6). disease detection and treatment. Fig. 2.6 Global suicide deaths by age and sex, 2016 The worldwide level of alcohol consumption in 2016 was 6.4 litres of pure alcohol per person aged 15 years or older, Male a level that remained stable since 2010. Consumption Female levels and trends vary across WHO regions. Consumption 85+85+ in the WHO South-East Asia Region increased by almost 75−8475–84 30% since 2010, while that of the WHO European Region 65−7465–74 decreased by 12%, but remaining the highest in the world in 55−6455–64

2016 at 9.8 litres of pure alcohol per person aged 15 years 45−5445–54 Male Female Age range or older (Fig. 2.5) (19). Available data indicate that treatment Age range 35−4435–44 coverage for alcohol and drug-use disorders is inadequate, 25−3425–34 though further work is needed to improve the measurement 15−2415–24 of such coverage. 5−145–14 l l l l l l l l l 100100 75 50 25 0 25 50 75 100100 Fig. 2.5 Number of suicides (thousands) Number of suicides (thousands) Trends in alcohol consumption among people aged 15 years or older, by WHO region and globally, 2010–2016

2010 2016 2.4 Injuries and violence 12 — Road traffic crashes killed 1.25 million people worldwide 10 — in 2013 and injured up to 50 million more. The death rate

8 — due to road traffic injuries was 2.6 times higher in low- 15 years of age)

> income countries (24.1 deaths per 100 000 population) 6 — than in high-income countries (9.2 deaths per 100 000 population), despite lower rates of vehicle ownership in 4 — low-income countries (22).

consumption (litres of pure alcohol) 2 —

Total alcohol per capita ( Total Latest estimates indicate that globally almost one quarter 0 — of adults (23%) suffered physical abuse as a child (23) AFR AMR SEAR EUR EMR WPR Global and about one third (35%) of women experienced either physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence or non- partner sexual violence at some point in their life (24).

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 7 Violence against children has lifelong impacts on the health indicates the level of government spending on health within and well-being of children, families, communities and the total expenditure for public sector operations in a nations. Violence against women results in serious short- country, and could constitute part of SDG indicator 1.a.2 on and long-term physical, mental, sexual and reproductive the proportion of total government spending on essential health problems, affects their children, and leads to high services (education, health and social protection). social and economic costs for women, their families and societies. SDG Target 3.8 on achieving UHC has two indicators: 3.8.1 on coverage of essential health services and 3.8.2 Over the period 2012¬2016, on average there were 11 000 on the proportion of a country’s population with large deaths globally each year due to natural disasters, equating household expenditures on health relative to their total to 0.15 deaths per 100 000 population (18). Low- and household expenditure. Both of these aspects must be lower-middle-income countries typically have higher measured together in order to obtain a clear picture of those mortality rates and struggle to meet financial, logistical who are unable to access health care and those who face and humanitarian needs for recovery from disasters. financial hardship due to health-care spending. The UHC service coverage index is a single indicator computed from An estimated 477 000 murders occurred globally in tracer indicators of the coverage of essential services in the 2016, with four fifths of all homicide victims being male areas of reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health (Fig. 2.7). Men in the WHO Region of the Americas suffered (RMNCH), infectious disease control, NCDs and service the highest rate of homicide deaths at 31.8 per 100 000 capacity and access. population ¬ down from 33.5 per 100 000 population in 2000 (18). As measured by this index, the levels of service coverage varied widely across countries in 2015 ¬ from 22 to 86 Fig. 2.7 Homicide numbers and rates per 100 000 population, by sex and by WHO region, 2016 (out of a maximum index score of 100). At least half of the

Female Male world’s population do not have full coverage of essential health services. Among those who were able to access AMR SEAR AFR 156 000 60 000 25 000 needed services, many suffered undue financial hardship. 31.8 6.0 4.9 In 2010, an estimated 808 million people ¬ 11.7% of the world’s population ¬ spent at least 10% of their household AMR SEAR 22 000 20 000 budget (total household expenditure or income) paying 4.3 2.1 EMR WPR out of their own pocket for health services. For 179 million 34 000 28 000 of these people such payments exceeded a quarter of their 9.9 2.9 household budget. An estimated 97 million people ¬ 1.4% AFR of the world’s population ¬ were impoverished by out-of- 81 000 EMR EUR 15.9 11 000 pocket health-care spending in 2010 (at the 2011 poverty 3.4 EUR WPR line of PPP $ 1.90 a day) (25).

Functioning health systems require a qualified health It is estimated that in 2016, 180 000 people were killed workforce that is available, equitably distributed and in wars and conflicts, not including deaths due to the accessible by the population. According to the latest indirect effects of war and conflict such as the spread of available data for the period 2007¬2016, 76 countries diseases, poor nutrition and collapse of health services. The reported having less than one physician per 1000 average death rate due to conflicts in the past five years population, and 87 countries reporting having fewer than (2012¬2016), at 2.5 deaths per 100 000 population, was three nursing and midwifery personnel per 1000 population. more than double the average rate in the preceding five-year In many countries, nurses and midwives constitute more period (2007¬2011) (18).1 than half of the national health workforce (26).

In addition to a qualified and accessible health workforce, 2.5 UHC and health systems health system functioning also relies crucially on access to affordable essential medicines of assured quality that Globally, the average national percentage of total government are available at all times in adequate amounts and in the expenditure devoted to health was 11.7% in 2014, ranging appropriate dosage forms. The term “essential medicines” from 8.8% in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region to covers a wide range of medicines, including those needed 13.6% in the WHO Region of the Americas.2 This measure for pain management and palliative care. Data from health- facility surveys conducted nationally in 29 countries during

1 Conflict deaths include deaths due to collective violence and exclude deaths due to legal the period 2007¬2017 indicate that 64% of public-sector intervention. facilities surveyed in low-income countries and 58% of public- 2 Unweighted averages of country-specific data from: WHO Global Health Expenditure Database [online database]. Geneva: World Health Organization (see: http://apps.who.int/ sector facilities surveyed in lower-middle-income countries nha/database/Select/Indicators/en).

8 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Fig. 2.8 levels of more recently recommended vaccines such as Global coverage of DTP3, MCV2 and PCV3, 2000–2016 rotavirus vaccine and pneumococcal-conjugated vaccine 100 — (PCV) are still under 50%. By the end of 2016, PCV had

90 — DTP3 been introduced in 135 countries with global coverage of the 80 — third dose (PCV3) reaching 42%. Middle-income countries are lagging behind in the introduction of such new vaccines 70 — as their health budgets are insufficient to cover the costs 60 — MCV2 and there may be a lack of external support (29, 30). 50 —

Coverage (%) 40 — PCV3 Each year, billions of dollars are spent on research and 30 — development into new or improved health products

20 — and processes, ranging from medicines to vaccines to diagnostics. But the way these funds are distributed and 10 — spent is often poorly aligned with global public health 0 — l l l l needs. Countries with comparable levels of income and 2000 2005 2010 2016 health needs receive different levels of official development assistance for medical research and for basic health sectors. stocked medicines for pain management and palliative care. Of grant recipients by income group, low-income countries Less than 10% of the public-sector health facilities surveyed received only 0.3% of all direct grants (31). in low-income countries stocked opioid analgesics such as morphine, buprenorphine, codeine, methadone and tramadol In terms of monitoring health status, WHO estimates ¬ essential medications for treating the pain associated with that about half of its 194 Member States register at least many advanced progressive conditions (27, 28). 80% of deaths of population aged 15 years and older, with associated information provided on cause of death (18). In Latest estimates indicate that in 2016, one in 10 children addition, data-quality problems further limit the use of such worldwide did not receive even the first dose of diphtheria- information. tetanus-pertussis (DTP1) vaccine. In the same year, the global coverage of three doses of DTP (DTP3) vaccine among children was 86% (Fig. 2.8). As shown in Fig. 2.8, 2.6 Environmental risks this level has essentially remained unchanged since 2010. During this same period, coverage of a second dose of Access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking has measles-containing vaccine (MCV2) increased from 39% marginally improved and in 2016 reached 59% globally ¬ to 64% but this is still insufficient to prevent measles an increase of 10 percentage points since 2000. However, outbreaks and avoid preventable deaths. Global coverage coverage levels vary greatly between countries (Fig. 2.9)

Fig. 2.9 Proportion of population with primary reliance on clean fuels and technologies (%), 2016

Proportion of population (%) <5 5–30 31–50 51–95 Data not available 0 850 1,700 3,400 Kilometers >95 Not applicable

Note: Estimates for India, Israel, Lithuania and Portugal are under country consultation as of May 2018.

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 9 and population growth continues to outpace the transition Unintentional poisonings were responsible for over to clean fuels and technologies in many countries, leaving 100 000 deaths in 2016. Although the number of deaths over 3 billion people still cooking with polluting stove and from unintentional poisonings has steadily declined since fuel combinations (32). The resulting household air pollution 2000, mortality rates continue to be relatively high in is estimated to have caused 3.8 million deaths from NCDs low-income countries (18). Unintentional poisoning can (including heart disease, stroke and cancer) and acute lower be caused by household chemicals, pesticides, kerosene, respiratory infections in 2016 (18, 32). carbon monoxide and medicines, or can be the result of environmental contamination or occupational chemical In 2016, 91% of the world’s population did not breathe clean exposure. air, and more than half of urban population were exposed to outdoor air pollution levels at least 2.5 times above the safety standard set by WHO. It has been estimated that 2.7 Health risks and disease outbreaks in 2016 outdoor air pollution in both cities and rural areas caused 4.2 million deaths worldwide. Taken together, indoor Under the International Health Regulations (2005), all and outdoor air pollution caused an estimated 7 million States Parties are required to have or to develop minimum deaths ¬ one in eight deaths ¬ globally in 2016 (18, 32). core public health capacities to implement the IHR (2005) effectively. Until 2017, the monitoring process involved Unsafe drinking water, unsafe sanitation and lack of hygiene the use of a self-assessment questionnaire sent to States also remain important causes of death, with an estimated Parties to assess the implementation status of 13 core 870 000 associated deaths occurring in 2016 (18).1 The capacities. In 2017, 167 States Parties (85% of all States WHO African Region suffered a disproportionate burden Parties) responded to the monitoring questionnaire, up from such deaths, with a mortality rate four times the global from 129 States Parties (66% of all States Parties) in 2016. rate. Available data from fewer than 100 countries indicate All 196 States Parties have responded to the monitoring that safely managed drinking-water services ¬ that is, questionnaire at least once since 2010. The average core located on premises, available when needed and free from capacity score of all reporting countries in 2017 was 71% contamination ¬ were enjoyed by only 71% of the global (34, 35). population (5.2 billion people) in 2015, whereas safely managed sanitation services ¬ with excreta safely disposed of in situ or treated off site ¬ were available to only 39% of the global population (2.9 billion people) (Fig. 2.10) (33).

Fig. 2.10 Proportion of global population by type of drinking-water services and sanitation services used, 2015

Safely managed Unimproved Basic Surface water (drinking water) Limited Open defecation (sanitation)

Drinking Sanitationwater

SanitationDrinking Water

0l 20l 40l 60l 80l 100l 0 20 40 Percent 60 80 100

Safely managed Percent Improved Surface water (Water) Basic Open defecation (Sanitation) Limited

1 Includes deaths from diarrhoea, intestinal nematode infections and protein-energy malnutrition attributable to lack of access to WASH services.

10 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 References 15. Global hepatitis report. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017 (http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/hand le/10665/255016/9789241565455-eng.pdf?sequence=1, 1. World Health Statistics 2017. Geneva: World Health Organization; accessed 12 April 2018). 2017 (http://www.who.int/gho/publications/world_health_ statistics/2017/en/, accessed 28 March 2018). 16. Neglected tropical diseases. Prevention, control, elimination and eradication. Report by the Secretariat to the Sixty-sixth World 2. Trends in maternal mortality: 1990 to 2015. Estimates by WHO, Health Assembly, Geneva, 20–28 May 2013. Geneva: World UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Health Organization; 2013. Provisional agenda item 16.2 (http:// Population Division. Geneva: World Health Organization; apps.who.int/gb/ebwha/pdf_files/WHA66/A66_20-en.pdf?ua=1, 2015 (http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/ accessed 12 April 2018). monitoring/maternal-mortality-2015/en/, accessed 12 April 2018). 17. Neglected tropical diseases [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Geneva: World Health Organization 3. Moller AB, Petzold M, Chou D, Say L. Early antenatal care visit: (http://www.who.int/gho/neglected_diseases/en/); and a systematic analysis of regional and global levels and trends of Neglected tropical diseases. Preventive chemotherapy and coverage from 1990 to 2013. Lancet Glob Health. 2017;5:e977–83 transmission control (PCT) databank. Geneva: World Health (http://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214- Organization (http://www.who.int/neglected_diseases/ 109X(17)30325-X/fulltext). preventive_chemotherapy/databank/en/). 4. Joint UNICEF/WHO database 2018 of skilled health personnel, 18. Global Health Estimates 2016: Deaths by cause, age, sex, by based on population-based national household survey data and country and by region, 2000–2016. Geneva: World Health routine health systems data (https://data.unicef.org/wp-content/ Organization; 2018 (http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_ uploads/2018/02/Interagency-SAB-Database_UNICEF_WHO_ burden_disease/estimates/en/index1.html). Apr-2018.xlsx). 19. WHO Global Information System on Alcohol and Health (GISAH) 5. Estimates and projections of family planning indicators 2018. [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. New York (NY): United Nations, Department of Economic and Geneva: World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/gho/ Social Affairs, Population Division; 2018 (http://www.un.org/en/ alcohol/en/). development/desa/population/theme/family-planning/cp_model. shtml, accessed 2 May 2018). 20. WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco smoking, 2nd edition. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018 (upcoming). 6. World Population Prospects. The 2017 Revision. New York (NY): United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, 21. WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Geneva: World Population Division; 2017 (https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/ Health Organization, 2003, updated reprint 2004; 2005 (http:// Download/Standard/Fertility/, accessed 12 April 2018). www.who.int/fctc/cop/about/en/, accessed 12 April 2018).

7. Levels & Trends in Child Mortality. Report 2017. Estimates 22. Global status report on road safety 2015. Geneva: World Health developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Organization; 2015 (http://www.who.int/violence_injury_ Estimation. United Nations Children’s Fund, World Health prevention/road_safety_status/2015/en/, accessed 12 April Organization, World Bank and United Nations. New York (NY): 2018). United Nations Children’s Fund; 2017 (http://www.childmortality. org/files_v21/download/IGME%20report%202017%20 23. World Health Organization, United Nations Office on Drugs and child%20mortality%20final.pdf, accessed 12 April 2018). Crime and United Nations Development Programme. Global status report on violence prevention 2014. Geneva: World 8. Disease burden and mortality estimates [website]. WHO-MCEE Health Organization; 2014 (http://www.who.int/violence_injury_ estimates for child causes of death 2000–2016. Geneva: World prevention/violence/status_report/2014/en/, accessed 12 April Health Organization (http://www.who.int/healthinfo/global_ 2018). burden_disease/estimates/en/index3.html). 24. World Health Organization, London School of Hygiene & Tropical 9. Levels and trends in child malnutrition: UNICEF/WHO/World Medicine and South African Medical Research Council. Global Bank Group Joint child malnutrition estimates; Key findings of and regional estimates of violence against women: prevalence the 2018 edition. New York (NY), Geneva and Washington (DC): and health effects of intimate partner violence and non- United Nations Children’s Fund, World Health Organization and partner sexual violence. Geneva: World Health Organization; World Bank Group; 2018. 2013 (http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/ violence/9789241564625/en/). 10. AIDSinfo [online database]. Geneva: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS); 2017 (http://aidsinfo.unaids. 25. Tracking universal health coverage: 2017 global monitoring report. org/, accessed 30 March 2018). Geneva and Washington (DC): World Health Organization and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development 11. HIV/AIDS [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) / The World Bank; 2017 (http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/ data. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/ handle/10665/259817/9789241513555-eng.pdf?sequence=1, gho/hiv/en/, accessed 12 April 2018).) accessed 12 April 2018). 12. Ending AIDS. Progress towards the 90–90–90 targets. Geneva: 26. WHO Global Health Workforce Statistics. 2017 update [online Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS); 2017 database]. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://who.int/ (http://www.unaids.org/sites/default/files/media_asset/Global_ hrh/statistics/hwfstats/en/, accessed 12 April 2018). AIDS_update_2017_en.pdf, accessed 12 April 2018). 27. Medicine Prices, Availability, Affordability & Price Components 13. World malaria report 2017. Geneva: World Health Organization; [online database]. Health Action International and WHO (http:// 2017 (http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/world-malaria- www.haiweb.org/medicineprices/). report-2017/en/, accessed 12 April 2018). 28. WHO Department of Essential Medicines and Health Products. 14. Global tuberculosis report 2017. Geneva: World Health MedMon Mobile Application. Geneva: World Health Organization; Organization; 2017 (http://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_ 2016–2017 (unpublished). report/en/, accessed 12 April 2018).

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 11 29. Progress and challenges with achieving universal immunization 33. Progress on drinking water, sanitation and hygiene. 2017. coverage: 2016 estimates of immunization coverage. WHO/ Update and SDG baselines. Geneva and New York (NY): World UNICEF Estimates of National Immunization Coverage (Data as Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund; of July 2017). Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017 (http:// 2017 (https://washdata.org/sites/default/files/documents/ www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/who- reports/2018-01/JMP-2017-report-final.pdf, accessed 12 April immuniz.pdf?ua=1, accessed 12 April 2018). 2018).

30. WHO/UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage 34. International Health Regulations (2005) Monitoring Framework [online database]. July 2017 revision. Geneva: World Health [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Organization (http://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_ Geneva: World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/gho/ surveillance/routine/coverage/en/index4.html, accessed 12 April ihr/en/). 2018). 35. States Parties to the International Health Regulations (2005) 31. Global Observatory on Health R&D. One year on, Global [website]. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://www.who. Observatory on Health R&D identifies striking gaps and int/ihr/legal_issues/states_parties/en/, accessed 24 April 2017). inequalities (http://www.who.int/features/2018/health-research- and-development/en/, accessed 12 April 2018).

32. Public health and environment [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/gho/phe/en/). 3

12 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018

A BROAD SPECTRUM OF HEALTH CHALLENGES – 3 SELECTED ISSUES 3.1 INCREASING THE COVERAGE OF ESSENTIAL HEALTH SERVICES

Universal health coverage in the SDGs the fraction of needed services that each person receives. This measurement approach is often referred to as “co- Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) means ensuring coverage” (2). that all people receive the essential health services they need without being exposed to financial hardship as a result. Box 3.1 2 Such services include public health services to promote Challenges of monitoring effective service coverage health and prevent illness, and to provide treatment, There are three key challenges associated with monitoring effective service coverage, rehabilitation and palliative care of sufficient quality to be which is defined as service coverage that results in the maximum possible health effective. SDG Target 3.8 commits all countries to work gains. The first challenge is accurate measurement of the population in need of the service. Administrative records from service providers and self-reported prior towards the achieving of UHC by ensuring access by all to diagnosis are often unreliable sources of information, as those who do not have quality essential health-care services, and to safe, effective access to health services remain undiagnosed. A full assessment of population need requires alternative sources of data, such as a set of survey questions or biomarkers and affordable medicines and vaccines. collected in a household health examination survey. Because few conditions requiring treatment can be diagnosed in this way, this substantially limits the set of effective coverage indicators that may be reliably monitored. In order to monitor the progress of countries towards UHC, Determining effectiveness of service coverage – that is, the degree to which services two SDG indicators have been established ¬ one on coverage result in health improvement – is a second challenge. For some indicators it is 1 possible to directly measure quality of care. For example, monitoring of treatment of essential services and one on financial protection. Taken for hypertension can include measurement of whether hypertension is effectively together, these two indicators were chosen to capture controlled, and monitoring of cataract surgical coverage can include measurement of current visual acuity (5). However, generally speaking, measuring effectiveness the two key dimensions of health service coverage and of care is more complicated than measuring service provision. protection against financial hardship, and are intended to The third key challenge is to monitor equity in access to quality health services. be monitored jointly. In addition to the “tracer” indicators Making sure that no one is left behind as countries strive for UHC requires access to data disaggregated by inequality dimensions, such as wealth or geographical used to produce an overall index of essential health services location. Disaggregated data are commonly available for RMNCH interventions and coverage, other SDG indicators to monitor specific services water and sanitation services in LMIC, as described here, as well as for malaria prevention, but may not be available for other health topics and indicators required have also been developed for: (a) births attended by for UHC monitoring. Therefore, investments are needed in data collection, especially for conducting regular household health examination surveys and developing skilled health personnel; (b) treatment interventions for electronic and harmonized facility reporting systems. In addition, it is crucial to build substance use disorders; (c) family planning services; capacities for analysing and reporting health inequality data. Only then can countries tie this information to the policies they are implementing to improve health equity. (d) implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control; (e) vaccination coverage; (f) access to essential medicines; and (g) safely managed sanitation services. Achieving the SDG health targets on infant, child Inequalities in basic maternal, child and and maternal health, HIV, TB, malaria and NCDs will require environmental health services in low- and the scaling-up of these and other essential services as key lower-middle-income countries steps in the journey towards UHC. To assess inequalities in the coverage of basic maternal, One very clear aspiration of the SDGs is to “leave no one child and environmental health services, co-coverage data behind”. Provided that data are available for all of the tracer collected in Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) on indicators used to produce the overall service coverage seven basic health services in low- and lower-middle- index then this index could be computed and compared income countries were evaluated (3). The seven services across different dimensions of inequality ¬ such as level were: (a) four or more antenatal care (ANC) visits; (b) at of wealth and education, geographical locations within a least one tetanus vaccination during pregnancy; (c) skilled country, and age and sex. Currently this is not possible birth attendance; (d) bacille Calmette–Guérin vaccination;3 for all of the tracer indicators of SDG indicator 3.8.1 due (e) receiving the third dose of a vaccine containing to data limitations (Box 3.1). Nevertheless, a subset of diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis; (f) measles vaccination; indicators can be used to illustrate variations in health and (g) access to improved drinking water in the household. service inequalities across countries (1). Data on inequalities All seven indicators were calculated for children aged 12¬59 in health service coverage are most readily available in months, using information available from their mothers’ the areas of reproductive, maternal, newborn and child most recent pregnancy where relevant (for example, for health (RMNCH). As these indicators are measured at the ANC visits). The analysis shows the absolute number and individual level in a single survey it is possible to assess proportion of the basic services received by each mother– child pair, and can be summarized across key dimensions of inequality such as wealth. 1 SDG indicator 3.8.1: Coverage of essential health services (defined as the average coverage of essential services based on tracer interventions that include reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health, infectious diseases, noncommunicable diseases and service capacity and access, among the general and the most disadvantaged population); 2 Adapted from reference (3). and SDG indicator 3.8.2: Proportion of population with large household expenditures on 3 Although this vaccine is not part of the recommended series in all countries, it is health as a share of total household expenditure or income. recommended in all of the countries assessed here.

14 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Fig. 3.1 Proportion of mother–child pairs in low- and lower-middle-income countries, by wealth quintile and number of basic interventions received (out of seven), 2005–2015

Q1 (poorest) Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 (richest) 40 40— Q1 (poorest) Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 (richest)

30 30—

20 20— Percentage Percentage 10 10—

0 —0 l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l 0 2 4 6 0 2 4 6 0 2 4 6 0 2 4 6 0 2 4 6 Number of interventions received Number of interventions received

It is clear that in low- and lower-middle-income countries Fig. 3.2 Average coverage of seven basic interventions against the proportion of large gaps persist in basic maternal, child and environmental mother–child pairs receiving at least six of the seven interventions health services coverage. These gaps are not evenly 100100 distributed across population groups (Fig. 3.1).1 Whereas 39% of mother–child pairs in these countries received at least six of the seven basic interventions, 4% of mother– 8080 child pairs received no interventions at all. When the data are stratified by wealth quintile, significant inequalities 6060 emerge. Overall, only 17% of those in households in the poorest wealth quintile (Q1) in their countries received at 40 least six basic interventions ¬ as opposed to 74% in the interventions (%) 40 richest quintile (Q5). Those in the poorest wealth quintile in each country were also the most likely to receive no 6 of 7 basic interventions (%) 2020 Proportion of people receiving at least interventions at all (9%). The mean number of interventions Proportion of people receiving at least 6 of 7 basic received ranged from three in the poorest wealth quintile 00 to six in the wealthiest, with an overall average of five out 0 2020 40 60 80 100100 of the seven interventions being received. AverageAverage coverage coverage of of 77 basic interventions interventions (%) (%)

mother–child pairs with access to at least six of the seven Relationship between average coverage and basic services was far lower than the average coverage of full coverage the seven interventions (Fig. 3.2).

For communicating the sheer magnitude of the task ahead One very important implication of this finding is that the in increasing health service coverage to improve health proportion of people who have access to a full range of outcomes and achieve the health-related SDGs, perhaps no essential services is far lower than the average coverage single statistic is more in demand than the number of people of such services (as approximated by the SDG index of receiving needed essential health services. Fully answering essential services coverage). Thus, it would not be correct this question is highly challenging because there is no to simply multiply the average coverage of essential services dataset that contains full information on the health service by population in order to obtain the number of people with needs of all people and on whether they received those full access to them. services (Box 3.1). However, the analysis of co-coverage of basic services in mother–child pairs outlined above offers one way of estimating the relationship between the average Way forward coverage of such services (which is more straightforward to monitor) and the proportion of people with full coverage (3). Gaps in basic maternal, child and environmental health Data obtained from 180 DHS in 63 countries were therefore service coverage remain largest among those in the poorest analysed. To allow for measurement error, coverage with wealth quintile. Unless health interventions are designed to at least six of the seven basic services (85%) was used explicitly promote equity, efforts to attain UHC may lead to to approximate full coverage rather than coverage with all improvements in the national average of service coverage seven. This analysis demonstrated that the proportion of while at the same time worsening national inequalities (4). Health services must be structured in such a way as to ensure that no one is left behind. It is also likely to be the 1 In this paragraph and Fig. 3.1, all analyses were carried out using the most recent survey in each country during the time period 2005–2015. Data were available for 48 countries, case that current gaps in the coverage of NCD services and covering 90% of all live births in 2010 in low- and lower-middle-income countries; the hospital services will be even larger than the gaps in the median survey year was 2012. To create estimates for all low- and lower-middle-income countries, country data were weighted by the number of live births in 2010 in each basic interventions discussed here. country.

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 15 3.2 CHOLERA – AN UNDERREPORTED THREAT TO PROGRESS

Cholera and the SDGs and to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene (SDG Target 6.2), paying special attention to vulnerable Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal infection caused by ingestion populations. of food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Cholera is extremely virulent, with a very short incubation period of between 12 hours and 5 days (6), and Estimated and reported burden of cholera affects all ages. If left untreated, cholera can kill within hours. The exact burden of cholera is unknown as many cases Despite the availability of prevention, control and treatment and deaths go unreported. Factors contributing to the tools and approaches, cholera remains a serious threat to underreporting of cholera can include weak surveillance public health. In addition, cholera is a stark indicator of systems, inconsistencies in case definitions, lack of inequality and lack of social and economic development as laboratory diagnostic capacity, and fear of impact on trade it disproportionately affects the world’s poorest and most and tourism (9). vulnerable populations (7). Cholera transmission is closely linked to inadequate access to clean water and sanitation It is estimated that during the period 2008¬2012, a total facilities. As shown in Fig. 3.3, most of the countries that of between 1.3 and 4.0 million cases of cholera occurred reported locally transmitted cholera cases to WHO during annually in 69 cholera-endemic countries, resulting in the period 2011¬2015 were those in which only a low 21 000 to 143 000 deaths each year (10). However, the proportion of the population had access to basic drinking- average annual number of cases and deaths reported to water and sanitation services (7). WHO during this same period were only around 313 000 and 5700 respectively (11¬15). In 2016, 132 121 cholera Fig. 3.31 cases and 2420 deaths were reported to WHO from 38 Cholera reporting and level of access to basic drinking-water and sanitation services in LMIC, 2015 (7, 8) countries, including 47 imported cases reported in nine countries (Fig. 3.4) (16). Countries not reporting cholera cases Countries reporting only imported cholera cases (no local transmission) Countries reporting cholera cases with local transmission

100100 Cholera outbreaks: the role of surveillance in early detection and response global coverage Cholera outbreaks often hit communities already made 7575 vulnerable by tragedies such as conflicts, natural disasters and famines (7). During the 2010¬2011 cholera outbreak following an earthquake in Haiti, over 7000 people died

5050 from cholera in the country and neighbouring Dominican Republic (13, 14). During the 2016¬2017 cholera outbreak in South Sudan, more than 20 000 suspected cases and over 400 deaths were reported (Box 3.2) (17). Since January 25 25 2017, more than 1000 people have died of cholera in Somalia (18) and over 1000 in the Democratic Republic of Population using atPopulation least basic drinking-water services (%)

Population using at least basic drinking−water services (%) Population the Congo (17). Currently, Yemen is facing the world’s largest global coverage 0 0 cholera outbreak, with over 1 million suspected cases and 0 25 50 75 100 Population using at least basic sanitation services (%) more than 2000 deaths reported since April 2017 (19). Population using at least basic sanitation services (%)

Note: Cholera reportingCountries status not reportingrefers to cholera the period cases 2011–2015. Countries reporting only imported cholera cases (no local transmission) In order to contain outbreaks and dramatically reduce the SDG TargetCountries 3.3 reportingcalls cholerafor ancases endwith local to transmission the epidemics of number of cholera deaths, early detection and immediate communicable diseases, including waterborne diseases and effective responses are vital. This requires strong early- such as cholera, by 2030. In addition, SDG Target 3.9 aims warning surveillance system and laboratory capacities, to reduce deaths and illness from environmental pollution, health systems and supply readiness, and the establishment including water contamination. Linked to these targets, the of rapid response teams. Surveillance data is also a key SDGs also strive to achieve universal and equitable access element in helping to prioritize areas for intervention. to safe and affordable drinking water (SDG Target 6.1)

1 Adapted from reference (7).

16 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Fig. 3.4 Countries reporting cholera deaths and imported cases, 2016

! ! ! !

! Imported cholera cases Deaths 1–9 10–99 ≥100 0 875 1750 3500 Kilometers Not applicable

Box 3.21 Responding to the 2016–2017 cholera outbreak in South Sudan

Cholera cases have been confirmed in South Sudan every year since 2013. The 2016–2017 cholera outbreak was the longest and largest in its magnitude and geographical extent, and resulted largely from the humanitarian crisis, associated population displacements and declining investments in water, sanitation and hygiene.

The outbreak was declared on 18 June 2016 and affected many parts of the country, including 27 Fig. 3.5 counties and the capital Juba. When the outbreak Reported cases and deaths during the cholera outbreak in South Sudan, 2016–2017 was declared over on 7 February 2018, a total of 20 438 cases (including 512 laboratory-confirmed cases) and 436 deaths had been reported (Fig. 1500 1500 3.5), implying an apparent case-fatality rate of t e d a h s a s e 2.1%. Based on reported cases, case-fatality rates 1000 1000 e p o r appeared to be highest in counties with poor access t e d c

to health care, particularly populations living on v e r R e p o r a t i

islands or in cattle camps. 500 500 u l C u m The response to the South Sudan cholera outbreak 0 was coordinated by a national taskforce led by the 0 Ministry of Health with the participation of WHO and other partners. Collaborative efforts were made to 20 Alive enhance surveillance, deploy rapid-response teams Died

to investigate and respond to cases, provide clean t e d a h s Cumulative deaths water, promote good hygiene practices and treat 40 cholera patients. Around 2.2 million doses of oral R e p o r cholera vaccine were secured from the Gavi-funded global stockpile. More than 885 000 people in 60 cholera-affected and high-risk populations received 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 4 8 12 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 the first round of the vaccine with almost 500 000 2016 Week of Onset 2017 people also receiving a second round.

Roadmap to 2030 coordination of technical support, resource mobilization and partnership at country, regional and global levels. In 2017, the Global Task Force on Cholera Control released a global strategy, Ending Cholera ¬ a global roadmap to 2030, Achieving universal and equitable access to safe drinking that aims to reduce cholera deaths by 90%, and to eliminate water and adequate sanitation and hygiene ¬ undertakings cholera in up to 20 countries (7). The strategy focuses on 47 to which the world is committed by the SDGs ¬ will be countries and is based on three strategic approaches: (a) early the key long-term and multisectoral interventions in detection and response to contain outbreaks; (b) multisectoral controlling cholera and other waterborne diseases. Other interventions in cholera “hotspots”;2 and (c) effective required measures include effective surveillance and reporting, enhanced country preparedness for responding to outbreaks, strengthening of health systems, use of 1 Based on references (17, 20, 21). vaccination and treatments as necessary, and strong 2 A cholera “hotspot” is a geographically limited area in which environmental, cultural and/ or socioeconomic conditions facilitate the transmission of cholera and where the disease community engagement. persists or reappears regularly.

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 17 3.3 TURNING THE RISING TIDE OF OBESITY IN THE YOUNG

Malnutrition in the SDGs weight are excluded because self-reporting is systematically biased. Fewer data are available for children aged 5¬9 years Many parts of the world are facing a “double burden” of compared to younger children, adolescents and adults. malnutrition, where undernutrition coexists with overweight and obesity within the same country, the same community and even the same household. Obesity in childhood and Trends in overweight and obesity among adolescence is associated with a higher risk of adult obesity, children and adolescents aged 5–19 years2 and with premature death and disability due to NCDs such as coronary heart disease in adulthood. In addition to such The world has seen a more than ten-fold increase in the increased future risks, obese children can also experience number of obese children and adolescents aged 5¬19 years hypertension, diabetes, asthma and other respiratory in the past four decades ¬ from just 11 million in 1975 to 124 problems, sleep disorders, liver disease and psychological million in 2016. An additional 213 million were overweight in problems such as low self-esteem (22). 2016 but fell below the threshold for obesity. Taken together this means that in 2016 almost 340 million children and SDG Target 2.2 commits the world to ending all forms of adolescents aged 5¬19 years ¬ or almost one in every five malnutrition by 2030, including overweight and obesity, (18.4%) ¬ were overweight or obese globally. while SDG Target 3.4 is to reduce premature deaths from NCDs by one third by 2030, including through prevention Analysis of these trends has shown that although population efforts. As a leading risk factor for NCDs later in life, growth has played a role in the increase in numbers of preventing adolescent overweight and obesity is a pivotal obese children and adolescents, the primary driver has global health objective, not only in its own right but also as been an increase in the prevalence of obesity. Globally, a crucial element in the prevention of NCDs. the prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents aged 5¬19 years increased from 0.8% in 1975 to 6.8% in 2016. Although high-income countries continue to have Global monitoring of overweight and obesity the highest prevalence, the rate at which obesity among among children and adolescents aged 5–19 children and adolescents aged 5¬19 years is increasing is years much faster in LMIC (Fig. 3.6).

Body mass index (BMI) ¬ defined as a person’s weight in Fig. 3.6 Trends in prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents aged 5–19 years, kilograms divided by the square of their height in metres globally and by country income group, 1975–2016 (kg/m2) ¬ is a simple index commonly used to classify High income overweight and obesity in children, adolescents and adults. Upper-middle income Lower-middle income Childhood and adolescence is a time of rapid growth, Low income and a healthy BMI depends on both the age and sex of Global the individual. WHO recommends the use of the WHO 16 — Reference 2007 for children and adolescents aged 5¬19 (23) 14 — years, with “overweight” and “obese” defined as follows: 12 — • overweight: BMI-for-age greater than 1 standard 10 — deviation above the WHO Reference 2007 median; and 8 — • obese: BMI-for-age greater than 2 standard deviations 6 — Prevalence (%)

above the WHO Reference 2007 median. 4 —

2 — WHO estimates of the prevalence of overweight and obesity 0 — among children aged 5 years and older, adolescents and l l l l l l l l l adults are generated by the NCD Risk Factor Collaboration 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2016 (NCD-RisC).1 In order to make these estimates, NCD-RisC compiles data from population-representative surveys or censuses which included the measurement of height and weight. Data sources that collect self-reported height and

2 Section content and Figures 3.6–3.8 based on reference (24). GNI per capita and income classifications used in Fig. 3.6 are taken from the World Bank’s list of economies (July 2017), based on GNI per capita in 2016 and calculated using the World Bank Atlas method (see: https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world- 1 NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). See: www.ncdrisc.org. bank-country-and-lending-groups, accessed 10 April 2018).

18 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Fig. 3.7 Estimated country-level obesity prevalence among children and adolescents aged 5–19 years by gross national income (GNI) per capita, in 2016

Low income Lower middle income Upper middle income High income WHO Region AFR Nauru AMR 33.2 Palau EMR 30 31.4 EUR SEAR WPR

Kuwait 22.9 20

% ) United States of America (

e 21.4 n c Mexico v a l e Egypt e 14.8

P r 15 17.6

10 Haiti China 10.9 11.7 Global prevalence (6.8)

Zimbabwe 5 Switzerland 4.0 India 5.8 2.0 Japan Burkina Faso 3.3 0 1.0 200 500 1 000 2 000 5 000 10 000 20 000 50 000 100 000 GNI per capita, 2016 (Atlas method, US$, log scale) Note: Circle size indicates estimated number of obese 5–19 year-olds; circle colour indicates WHO region.

The increases observed in the prevalence of obesity among very sharp increase, and in 2016 the prevalence of obesity children and adolescents aged 5¬19 years in LMIC have among boys was the second highest at 13.1%. occurred at the same time as issues of undernutrition remain unaddressed. Infants and children in these countries Fig. 3.8 Trends in prevalence of obesity among boys and girls aged 5–19 years, by WHO are more vulnerable to inadequate prenatal, infant and region, 1975–2016 young child nutrition than those in other countries. They are then at high risk of being affected simultaneously by AFR AMR SEAR SEX stunted growth and overweight due to the consumption of 20 Boys ) 15 Girls ( %

nutrient-poor but energy-dense foods. e c n 10 l e a v e 5 At individual country level, the prevalence of obesity among P r children and adolescents aged 5¬19 years in a number of 0 EUR EMR WPR LMIC had reached alarmingly high levels by 2016 (Fig. 3.7). 20 This stands in stark contrast to the situation in several high- ) 15 ( % e c income countries with relatively low prevalence, including n 10 l e a v Japan in which the national prevalence was half the global e 5 P r prevalence. 0 1980 1990 2000 2010 1980 1990 2000 2010 1980 1990 2000 2010 Fig. 3.8 shows that in most WHO regions, the gap in obesity prevalence rates among boys and girls aged 5¬19 years has widened since 1975, resulting in a higher proportion of boys Way forward1 being obese compared to girls in 2016. The exceptions are the WHO African Region – where despite still being among Being overweight and obese are largely preventable the lowest globally, a higher proportion of girls (3.5%) conditions. The extent to which environments and were obese than boys (2.1%) ¬ and the WHO Eastern communities are supportive and enabling is fundamental Mediterranean Region ¬ where the prevalence rates for in shaping the behaviours of individuals. Preventing child girls and boys continued to be very similar (8.1% and 8.3% and adolescent overweight and obesity will rely on helping respectively). The WHO Region of the Americas continued people to eat healthy foods and to engage in regular physical to have the highest prevalence, with around one in six boys activity, including by ensuring that these are accessible, (16.0%) and one in eight girls (12.8%) aged 5–19 years available and affordable options. being obese in 2016. The WHO Western Pacific Region had among the lowest prevalence in 1975 but has experienced a 1 Section content based on reference (25).

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 19 No single intervention can halt the rise in childhood and • Establish and implement healthy nutritional standards adolescent obesity on its own. A broad array of large- for meals provided in all schools, ensuring that all foods scale actions is needed if the rising tide of obesity is to be and beverages sold and promoted in schools encourage turned. This will require the engagement of multiple sectors, and enable the adoption of healthy diets. including education, communications, commerce, urban • Ensure that regular good quality physical education is planning, agriculture and health. included in the school curriculum for all children. • Increase access to adequate and safe facilities in Specific policy interventions to address child and adolescent communities, schools and public spaces that allow obesity include: children to be active through play, recreation and sports. • Ensure that health services fully support breastfeeding • Implement national regulatory measures on nutrition through appropriate lactation counselling for prenatal labelling, including front-of-pack labelling, supported by and postpartum mothers, and through the application public education of both adults and children to promote of the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding (26) in all nutritional literacy. maternity facilities. • Adopt effective measures, such as legislation or • Establish and disseminate national guidance for children regulation, to restrict the marketing of foods and and their parents on physical activity, regulating the beverages to children, and to ensure that schools and use of screen-based entertainment, sleep and healthy sporting events where children gather are free from nutrition. unhealthy food marketing or promotion (including through sponsorship). • Implement effective taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages.

20 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 References 14. Cholera, 2011. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2012;87(31-32):289–304 (http://www.who.int/wer/2012/wer8731_32.pdf?ua=1, accessed 9 April 2018). 1. Hogan DR, Stevens GA, Hosseinpoor AR, Boerma T. Monitoring universal health coverage within the Sustainable Development 15. Cholera, 2012. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2013;88(31):321–36 (http:// Goals: development and baseline data for an index of essential www.who.int/wer/2013/wer8831.pdf?ua=1, accessed 9 April health services. Lancet Glob Health. 2018;6(2):e152–68 2018). (http://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214- 109X(17)30472-2/fulltext, accessed 22 March 2018). 16. Cholera, 2016. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2017;92(36):521–33 (http:// apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/258910/1/WER9236. 2. Victora CG, Fenn B, Bryce J, Kirkwood BR. Co-coverage of preventive pdf?ua=1, accessed 25 March 2018). interventions and implications for child-survival strategies: evidence from national surveys. Lancet. 2005;366(9495):1460–6 17. Weekly bulletin on outbreaks and other emergencies. Week 6: 9 (http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140- February 2018. Brazzaville: WHO Regional Office for Africa; 2018 6736(05)67599-X/fulltext, accessed 22 March 2018). (http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/260157/1/OEW6- 030922018.pdf, accessed 25 March 2018). 3. Tracking universal health coverage: 2017 global monitoring report. Geneva and Washington (DC): World Health Organization and 18. Cholera outbreak updates [website]. Cairo: WHO Regional Office the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development for the Eastern Mediterranean (http://www.emro.who.int/health- / The World Bank; 2017 (http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/ topics/cholera-outbreak/outbreaks.html, accessed 25 March handle/10665/259817/9789241513555-eng.pdf?sequence=1, 2018). accessed 26 March 2018). 19. Cholera situation in Yemen. March 2018. Cairo: WHO Regional 4. Hosseinpoor AR, Bergen N, Koller T, Prasad A, Schlotheuber Office for the Eastern Mediterranean (http://applications.emro. A, Valentine N et al. Equity-oriented monitoring in the context who.int/docs/EMROPub_2018_EN_16998.pdf?ua=1, accessed of universal health coverage. PLoS Med. 2014;11(9):e1001727 9 April 2018). (http://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal. pmed.1001727, accessed 22 March 2018). 20. Prevention for a cholera free world [website]. Geneva: World Health Organization; September 2017 (http://www.who.int/ 5. Ramke J, Gilbert CE, Lee AC, Ackland P, Limburg H, Foster A. features/2017/cholera-overview/en/, accessed 25 March 2018). Effective cataract surgical coverage: an indicator for measuring quality-of-care in the context of universal health coverage. PloS 21. South Sudan declares the end of its longest cholera outbreak One. 2017;12(3):e0172342 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/ [website]. Brazzaville: WHO Regional Office for Africa (http:// articles/PMC5382971/, accessed 22 March 2018). www.afro.who.int/news/south-sudan-declares-end-its-longest- cholera-outbreak, accessed 25 March 2018). 6. Azman AS, Rudolph KE, Cummings DAT, Lessler J. The incubation period of cholera: a systematic review. J Infect. 2013;66(5):432–8 22. Global nutrition targets 2025: Childhood Overweight, Policy (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3677557/, brief. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2014 (WHO/ accessed 25 March 2018). NMH/NHD/14.6; http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/ handle/10665/149021/WHO_NMH_NHD_14.6_eng.pdf; 7. Global Task Force on Cholera Control. Ending cholera – a global jsessionid=219C715B3107EB472EC5D036186F03CA?sequence=2, roadmap to 2030. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017 accessed 10 April 2018). (http://www.who.int/cholera/publications/global-roadmap. pdf?ua=1, accessed 25 March 2018). 23. De Onis M, Onyango AW, Borghi E, Siyam A, Nishida C, Siekmann J. Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged 8. Progress on drinking water, sanitation and hygiene. 2017. children and adolescents. Bull World Health Organ. 2007;85:660– Update and SDG baselines. Geneva and New York (NY): World 7 (http://www.who.int/growthref/growthref_who_bull.pdf?ua=1, Health Organization and the United Nations Children’s Fund; accessed 10 April 2018). 2017 (https://washdata.org/sites/default/files/documents/ reports/2018-01/JMP-2017-report-final.pdf, accessed 12 April 24. NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in 2018). body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement 9. Interim guidance document on cholera surveillance. Global Task studies in 128·9 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet. Force on Cholera Control (GTFCC) Surveillance Working Group; 2017;390(10113):2627–42 (http://www.thelancet.com/journals/ 2017 (http://www.who.int/cholera/task_force/GTFCC-Guidance- lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(17)32129-3/fulltext, accessed 23 cholera-surveillance.pdf?ua=1, accessed 25 March 2018). March 2018).

10. Ali M, Nelson AR, Lopez AL, Sack DA. Updated global 25. Report of the Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity. burden of cholera in endemic countries. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. Implementation plan: Executive summary. Geneva: World Health 2015;9(6):e0003832 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/ Organization; 2017 (WHO/NMH/PND/ECHO/17.1; http://apps. articles/PMC4455997/, accessed 25 March 2018). who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/259349/WHO-NMH- PND-ECHO-17.1-eng.pdf?sequence=1, accessed 10 April 2018). 11. Cholera: global surveillance summary, 2008. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2009;84(31):309–24 (http://www.who.int/wer/2009/wer8431. 26. Protecting, promoting and supporting breast-feeding: the special pdf?ua=1, accessed 9 April 2018). role of maternity services. A Joint WHO/UNICEF Statement. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1989 (http://apps.who. 12. Cholera, 2009. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2010;85(31):293–308 int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/39679/9241561300. (http://www.who.int/wer/2010/wer8531.pdf?ua=1, accessed 9 pdf?sequence=1, accessed 10 April 2018). April 2018).

13. Cholera, 2010. Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2011;86(31):325–40 (http:// www.who.int/wer/2011/wer8631.pdf?ua=1, accessed 9 April 2018).

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 21 ANNEX A Summaries of selected health-related SDG indicators

Explanatory notes

The statistics shown below represent official WHO statistics for selected health-related SDG indicators based on evidence available in early 2018. They have been compiled primarily from publications and databases produced and maintained by WHO or United Nations groups of which WHO is a member. A number of statistics have been derived from data produced and maintained by other international organizations. For each indicator, the source of the data series is provided. Member States may have more data than are available for global monitoring.

It is important to note that comparable estimates are subject to considerable uncertainty, especially for countries where the availability and quality of the underlying primary data is limited. Uncertainty intervals and other details on the indicators and statistics presented here can be found online at the WHO Global Health Observatory.1

In some cases, as SDG indicator definitions are being refined and baseline data are being collected, proxy indicators have been presented in this annex and have been clearly indicated as such through the use of accompanying footnotes.

For indicators with a reference period expressed as a range, country values refer to the latest available year in the range unless otherwise noted. Within each WHO region, countries are sorted in ascending order for mortality, incidence and risk-factor indicators, and in descending order for coverage and capacity indicators. Countries for which data are not available or applicable are sorted alphabetically at the end of the respective regional listing.

Changes in the values shown for indicators reported on in previous editions in the World Health Statistics series should not be assumed to accurately reflect underlying trends. This applies to all data types (comparable estimates, primary data and other data) and all reporting levels (country, regional and global). The data presented here may also differ from, and should not be regarded as, the official national statistics of individual WHO Member States.

1 The Global Health Observatory (GHO) is WHO’s portal providing access to data and analyses for monitoring the global health situation. See: http://www.who.int/gho/en/, accessed 29 March 2018.

22 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Indicator 3.1.1 Maternal mortality MATERNAL MORTALITY SDG Target 3.1 By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100 000 live births Indicator 3.1.1: Maternal mortality ratio

Maternal mortality ratio (per 100 000 live births), 20151 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Cabo Verde 42 Canada 7 Finland 3 Kuwait 4 Mauritius 53 United States of America 14 Greece 3 United Arab Emirates 6 Botswana 129 Uruguay 15 Iceland 3 Libya 9 Poland 3 12 South Africa 138 Chile 22 Saudi Arabia Costa Rica 25 Austria 4 Qatar 13 Algeria 140 4 Barbados 27 Belarus Bahrain 15 Sao Tome and Principe 156 Czechia 4 Grenada 27 Lebanon 15 224 Zambia Italy 4 Belize 28 Oman 17 Namibia 265 Sweden 4 Mexico 38 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 25 Rwanda 290 Israel 5 Cuba 39 Egypt 33 Gabon 291 Norway 5 Brazil 44 Iraq 50 5 Senegal 315 Spain Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 45 Jordan 58 Switzerland 5 Ghana 319 Tunisia 62 Saint Lucia 48 Denmark 6 Comoros 335 Syrian Arab Republic 68 Argentina 52 Germany 6 Equatorial Guinea 342 Morocco 121 El Salvador 54 Slovakia 6 Pakistan 178 Uganda 343 Trinidad and Tobago 63 Belgium 7 Djibouti 229 Ethiopia 353 Colombia 64 Cyprus 7 Sudan 311 Madagascar 353 Ecuador 64 Montenegro 7 Yemen 385 Togo 368 Peru 68 Netherlands 7 Croatia 8 Afghanistan 396 Burkina Faso 371 Bahamas 80 France 8 Somalia 732 Swaziland 389 Guatemala 88 Ireland 8 United Republic of Tanzania 398 Jamaica 89 The formerThe Yugoslav former Y Republicugoslav ofRe pMacedoniaublic of .. 8 WPR 92 405 Dominican Republic Benin Estonia 9 Japan 5 Panama 94 Congo 442 Malta 9 Australia 6 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 95 Zimbabwe 443 Slovenia 9 Singapore 10 Honduras 129 Angola 477 United Kingdom 9 New Zealand 11 Paraguay 132 10 Lesotho 487 Lithuania Republic of Korea 11 Nicaragua 150 Luxembourg 10 Mozambique 489 Brunei Darussalam 23 Suriname 155 Portugal 10 Eritrea 501 China 27 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 206 Bosnia and Herzegovina 11 Kenya 510 Fiji 30 Guyana 229 Bulgaria 11 Guinea-Bissau 549 Malaysia 40 Haiti 359 Kazakhstan 12 Mongolia 44 Niger 553 Antigua and Barbuda Turkey 16 17 Samoa 51 Mali 587 Dominica Hungary Serbia 17 Viet Nam 54 Cameroon 596 Saint Kitts and Nevis Latvia 18 Vanuatu 78 Mauritania 602 Republic of Moldova 23 Kiribati 90 Malawi 634 SEAR Ukraine 24 Micronesia (Federated States of) 100 Côte d'Ivoire 645 Thailand 20 Armenia 25 Philippines 114 Sri Lanka 30 Guinea 679 25 Azerbaijan Solomon Islands 114 Democratic Republic of the Congo 693 Maldives 68 Russian Federation 25 Tonga 124 Democratic People's Republic of Gambia 706 82 Albania 29 Korea Cambodia 161 Burundi 712 Romania 31 Indonesia 126 Lao People's Democratic Republic 197 32 Liberia 725 Tajikistan Bhutan 148 Papua New Guinea 215 Georgia 36 South Sudan 789 Cook Islands India 174 Uzbekistan 36 Nigeria 814 Marshall Islands Bangladesh 176 Turkmenistan 42 Chad 856 Kyrgyzstan 76 Nauru Myanmar 178 Central African Republic 882 Andorra Niue Sierra Leone 1 360 Timor-Leste 215 Monaco Palau Seychelles Nepal 258 San Marino Tuvalu

1 Trends in maternal mortality: 1990 to 2015. Estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015 (http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/monitoring/maternal-mortality-2015/en/, accessed 29 March 2018). WHO Member States with a population of less than 100 000 in 2015 were not included in the analysis.

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 23 Indicator 3.1.2 Skilled birth attendance SKILLED BIRTH ATTENDANCE SDG Target 3.1 By 2030, reduce the global maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100 000 live births Indicator 3.1.2: Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel

Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel (%), latest available data, 2007–20171 Data type: Primary data

2012 or later Pre-2012 AFR AMR EUR EMR Botswana² 100 Antigua and Barbuda³ 100 Armenia³ 100 Bahrain² 100 Mauritius³ 100 Argentina 100 Azerbaijan³ 100 Jordan 100

Seychelles³ 99 Bahamas² 100 Belarus³ 100 Kuwait² 100 Bosnia and Herzegovina 100 100 Algeria 97 Chile 100 Libya³ 100 Bulgaria 100 Oman³ 100 South Africa 97 Cuba² Dominican Republic² 100 Croatia 100 Qatar 100 Sao Tome and Principe³ 92 Czechia² 100 El Salvador 100 United Arab Emirates³ 100 Cabo Verde 91 Finland² 100 Saint Kitts and Nevis³ 100 Iran (Islamic Republic of)³ 99 Congo 91 Georgia 100 Trinidad and Tobago² 100 Saudi Arabia³ 98 Rwanda³ 91 Ireland² 100 Uruguay 100 Syrian Arab Republic³ 96 Malawi³ 90 Italy² 100 Barbados² 99 Egypt 92 100 Gabon³ 89 Latvia² Brazil² 99 Djibouti³ 87 Lithuania³ 100 Namibia 88 Sudan³ 78 Grenada² 99 Luxembourg² 100 Swaziland 88 Morocco 74 Jamaica³ 99 Malta² 100 Burundi 85 Tunisia 74 Saint Lucia 99 Poland² 100 Iraq² 70 Comoros 82 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines³ 99 Republic of Moldova³ 100 Pakistan³ 55 Burkina Faso 80 United States of America 99 Russian Federation³ 100 Afghanistan³ 50 Democratic Republic of the Congo 80 Canada² 98 Serbia³ 100 Yemen³ 45 Lesotho 78 Mexico 98 Slovenia² 100 The former Yugoslav Republic of ..3 100 Lebanon Zimbabwe 78 Belize 97 The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Turkmenistan 100 Somalia Benin 77 Ecuador 97 Ukraine³ 100 Côte d'Ivoire 74 Colombia 96 Uzbekistan³ 100 WPR 74 Dominica² 96 Uganda Albania 99 Australia² 100 Paraguay 96 Guinea³ 72 Estonia² 99 Brunei Darussalam³ 100 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)² 96 Ghana 71 Germany² 99 China³ 100 Panama 95 Mauritania 69 Hungary³ 99 Cook Islands³ 100 Peru 92 99 Equatorial Guinea³ 68 Kazakhstan Fiji³ 100 Bolivia (Plurinational State of)³ 90 Montenegro 99 Cameroon 65 Japan² 100 Costa Rica 90 Norway² 99 United Republic of Tanzania³ 64 Micronesia (Federated States of)³ 100 Nicaragua³ 88 Portugal² 99 Zambia 63 Niue³ 100 Guyana 86 Austria² 98 Kenya 62 Palau 100 Honduras 83 Iceland² 98 100 Liberia 61 Republic of Korea² Suriname² 80 Kyrgyzstan 98 Slovakia³ 98 Singapore² 100 Sierra Leone 60 Guatemala 66 Cyprus² 97 Malaysia³ 99 Senegal 59 Haiti³ 42 France² 97 Mongolia 99 Gambia 57 Turkey³ 97 Kiribati³ 98 Mozambique³ 54 SEAR Democratic People's Republic of Romania³ 95 Nauru³ 97 100 Angola 47 Korea Denmark² 94 New Zealand² 96 99 Guinea-Bissau³ 45 Sri Lanka 90 Tajikistan³ Tonga 96 Togo 45 Thailand³ 99 Andorra Viet Nam 94 Madagascar 44 Belgium Maldives 96 Tuvalu 93 Mali 44 Greece Indonesia 93 Marshall Islands 90 Nigeria 43 Israel 89 Cambodia³ 89 Bhutan³ Monaco Central African Republic 40 Vanuatu³ 89 India³ 86 Netherlands Niger 40 Solomon Islands³ 86 Myanmar³ 60 San Marino Eritrea 34 Spain Samoa³ 82 Nepal³ 58 Ethiopia³ 28 Sweden Philippines 73 Chad 20 Timor-Leste³ 57 Switzerland Lao People's Democratic Republic 40 South Sudan³ 19 Bangladesh³ 50 United Kingdom Papua New Guinea² 40

1 Joint UNICEF/WHO database 2018 of skilled health personnel, based on population-based national household survey data and routine health systems data. New York (NY): United Nations Children’s Fund; 2018 (https://data.unicef.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Interagency-SAB-Database_UNICEF_WHO_Apr-2018.xlsx). 2 Proportion of institutional births (%) used as a proxy for the SDG indicator. 3 Non-standard definition of skilled health personnel. For more details see the Joint UNICEF/WHO database 2018 of skilled health personnel.

24 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Indicators 3.2.1/3.2.2 Child mortality CHILD MORTALITY SDG Target 3.2 By 2030, end preventable deaths of newborns and children under 5 years of age, with all countries aiming to reduce neonatal mortality to at least as low as 12 per 1000 live births and under-five mortality to at least as low as 25 per 1000 live births Indicator 3.2.1: Under-five mortality rate / Indicator 3.2.2: Neonatal mortality rate

Under-five mortality (purple bar) and neonatal mortality (vertical line) rates (per 1000 live births), 20161 Data type: Comparable estimates Under-five Neonatal

AFR AMR EUR EMR Mauritius 13.7 Canada 4.9 Iceland 2.1 Bahrain 7.6

Seychelles 14.3 Cuba 5.5 Finland 2.3 United Arab Emirates 7.7 6.5 Slovenia 2.3 Cabo Verde 21.4 United States of America Lebanon 8.1 Chile 8.3 Luxembourg 2.4 Algeria 25.2 Kuwait 8.4 Cyprus 2.6 Antigua and Barbuda 8.5 8.5 Sao Tome and Principe 33.8 Qatar Norway 2.6 Costa Rica 8.8 10.7 Rwanda 38.5 Oman Andorra 2.7 Uruguay 9.2 Libya 12.9 Botswana 40.6 2.8 9.3 San Marino Saint Kitts and Nevis Saudi Arabia 12.9 South Africa 43.3 Estonia 2.9 Bahamas 10.6 Tunisia 13.6 Eritrea 44.5 Sweden 2.9 Argentina 11.1 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 15.1 45.2 Czechia 3.2 Namibia Barbados 12.3 Italy 3.3 Syrian Arab Republic 17.5 Madagascar 46.4 Saint Lucia 13.3 Spain 3.3 Jordan 17.6 Senegal 47.1 Mexico 14.6 Monaco 3.4 Egypt 22.8 Gabon 47.4 Belize 14.9 Austria 3.5 Morocco 27.1 Kenya 49.2 El Salvador 15.0 Portugal 3.5 Iraq 31.2 Uganda 53.0 Brazil 15.1 Ireland 3.6 Yemen 55.3 Congo 54.1 Colombia 15.3 3.6 Israel Djibouti 64.2 15.3 55.1 Jamaica Germany 3.8 Malawi Sudan 65.1 Peru 15.3 Greece 3.8 Zimbabwe 56.4 Afghanistan 70.4 Grenada 16.0 Montenegro 3.8 United Republic of Tanzania 56.7 Pakistan 78.8 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 16.3 Netherlands 3.8 Ethiopia 58.4 Somalia 132.5 Panama 16.4 Belarus 3.9 Ghana 58.8 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 16.6 Belgium 3.9 Zambia 63.4 WPR Trinidad and Tobago 18.5 France 3.9 Gambia 65.3 Japan 2.7 Honduras 18.7 Switzerland 4.1 4.3 Singapore 2.8 Liberia 67.4 Nicaragua 19.7 United Kingdom 4.4 Republic of Korea 3.4 Swaziland 70.4 Paraguay 19.9 Denmark Latvia 4.6 Australia 3.7 Mozambique 71.3 Suriname 20.0 Croatia 4.7 New Zealand 5.4 Burundi 71.7 Ecuador 20.9 Poland 4.7 Cook Islands 7.8 Comoros 73.3 Guatemala 28.5 Hungary 5.2 Malaysia 8.3 Togo 75.7 Dominican Republic 30.7 Lithuania 5.3 Brunei Darussalam 9.9 32.4 Cameroon 79.7 Guyana Serbia 5.8 China 9.9 Dominica 34.0 Mauritania 81.4 Slovakia 5.9 Palau 15.9 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 36.9 Angola 82.5 Bosnia and Herzegovina 6.0 Tonga 16.4 Haiti 67.0 Malta 6.8 Burkina Faso 84.6 Samoa 17.3 Bulgaria 7.6 Guinea-Bissau 88.1 Mongolia 17.9 SEAR Russian Federation 7.7 Guinea 89.0 Viet Nam 21.6 Maldives 8.5 Romania 9.0 South Sudan 90.7 Fiji 22.0 9.1 Sri Lanka 9.4 Ukraine Equatorial Guinea 90.9 Niue 22.2 Georgia 10.7 Thailand 12.2 Tuvalu 25.3 Niger 91.3 Kazakhstan 11.4 Democratic People's Republic of 25.8 20.0 Solomon Islands Côte d'Ivoire 91.8 Korea The formerThe f oYugoslavrmer Yu Republicgoslav R ofep Macedoniaublic of .. 12.2 Philippines 27.1 Lesotho 93.5 Indonesia 26.4 Turkey 12.7 Vanuatu 27.6 94.3 Armenia 13.4 Democratic Republic of the Congo 32.4 Bhutan 30.6 Albania 13.5 Cambodia Benin 97.6 Bangladesh 34.2 33.3 Republic of Moldova 15.9 Micronesia (Federated States of) Nigeria 104.3 Nepal 34.5 Kyrgyzstan 21.1 Nauru 34.6 Mali 110.6 24.1 Marshall Islands 35.4 India 43.0 Uzbekistan Sierra Leone 113.5 Azerbaijan 30.9 Kiribati 54.3 Timor-Leste 49.7 Central African Republic 123.6 Tajikistan 43.1 Papua New Guinea 54.3 Chad 127.3 Myanmar 50.8 Turkmenistan 51.0 Lao People's Democratic Republic 63.9

1 Numbers next to the bars denote under-five mortality rates . Source: Levels & Trends in Child Mortality. Report 2017. Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation. United Nations Children’s Fund, World Health Organization, World Bank and United Nations. New York (NY): United Nations Children’s Fund; 2017 (http://www.childmortality.org/ files_v21/download/IGME%20report%202017%20child%20mortality%20final.pdf, accessed 29 March 2018).

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 25 Indicator 3.3.1 HIV incidence HIV INCIDENCE SDG Target 3.3 By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, waterborne diseases and other communicable diseases Indicator 3.3.1: Number of new HIV infections per 1000 uninfected population, by sex, age and key populations

New HIV infections (per 1000 uninfected population), 20161 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Comoros <0.01 Nicaragua 0.06 Croatia 0.02 Jordan <0.01 Algeria 0.02 Peru 0.09 Slovakia 0.02 Egypt 0.02 Senegal 0.08 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 0.10 The formerThe Yugoslav former YRepublicugoslav ofRe Macedoniapublic of .. 0.02 Kuwait 0.02 Bulgaria 0.03 0.02 Niger 0.09 Mexico 0.10 Lebanon Honduras 0.11 Netherlands 0.03 Qatar 0.02 Mauritania 0.12 Colombia 0.12 Serbia 0.03 Saudi Arabia 0.02 Eritrea 0.15 Slovenia 0.03 Ecuador 0.12 Afghanistan 0.03 0.17 Democratic Republic of the Congo Czechia 0.04 Argentina 0.13 Morocco 0.03 Madagascar 0.18 Romania 0.04 Uruguay 0.15 Tunisia 0.03 Burkina Faso 0.19 Ireland 0.06 El Salvador 0.16 Bahrain 0.04 Burundi 0.20 Italy 0.06 Guatemala 0.18 Yemen 0.04 0.06 Cabo Verde 0.31 Malta Costa Rica 0.19 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 0.06 Sweden 0.06 Ethiopia 0.33 0.20 Pakistan 0.10 Paraguay Albania 0.08 Mali 0.33 Sudan 0.13 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 0.21 Armenia 0.09 Benin 0.34 Somalia 0.17 Brazil 0.24 France 0.09 Djibouti 0.58 Chad 0.34 Dominican Republic 0.24 Lithuania 0.09 Iraq Togo 0.59 Chile 0.28 Spain 0.09 Libya Gambia 0.65 Cuba 0.29 Azerbaijan 0.10 Oman Liberia 0.66 Trinidad and Tobago 0.29 Montenegro 0.11 Kyrgyzstan 0.13 Syrian Arab Republic Guinea 0.67 Panama 0.34 Tajikistan 0.15 United Arab Emirates Rwanda 0.70 Barbados 0.58 Kazakhstan 0.16 Guinea-Bissau 0.72 Suriname 0.62 Luxembourg 0.18 WPR 0.63 0.78 Jamaica Ghana Latvia 0.23 Mongolia 0.01 Belize 0.75 Côte d'Ivoire 0.86 Georgia 0.28 Cambodia 0.04 Guyana 0.77 Sierra Leone 0.86 Republic of Moldova 0.38 Australia 0.05 Haiti 0.77 Gabon 0.92 Ukraine 0.38 Lao People's Democratic Republic 0.10 Antigua and Barbuda Angola 0.94 Andorra Philippines 0.11 Bahamas Austria United Republic of Tanzania 1.19 Fiji 0.12 Canada Belarus Nigeria 1.23 Viet Nam 0.12 Dominica Belgium South Sudan 1.35 Malaysia 0.19 Grenada Bosnia and Herzegovina Papua New Guinea 0.37 Cameroon 1.39 Saint Kitts and Nevis Cyprus Brunei Darussalam Kenya 1.46 Saint Lucia Denmark China Uganda 1.50 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Estonia Cook Islands Congo 1.65 United States of America Finland Germany Japan Central African Republic 1.80 Greece Kiribati Malawi 2.29 SEAR Hungary <0.01 Marshall Islands Equatorial Guinea 2.71 Bangladesh Iceland Micronesia (Federated States of) Zimbabwe 3.03 Nepal 0.03 Israel Nauru Mozambique 3.63 Sri Lanka 0.03 Monaco New Zealand Zambia 4.08 India 0.06 Norway Niue Namibia 4.37 Poland Thailand 0.10 Palau Botswana 5.52 Portugal Indonesia 0.19 Republic of Korea Russian Federation South Africa 5.58 Samoa Myanmar 0.22 San Marino Swaziland 9.37 Singapore Bhutan Switzerland Lesotho 12.68 Solomon Islands Democratic People's Republic of Turkey Mauritius Korea Turkmenistan Tonga Sao Tome and Principe Maldives United Kingdom Tuvalu Seychelles Timor-Leste Uzbekistan Vanuatu

1 AIDSinfo [online database]. Geneva: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS); 2017 (http://aidsinfo.unaids.org/, accessed 30 March 2018), and HIV/AIDS [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/gho/hiv/epidemic_status/incidence/en/, accessed 30 March 2018).

26 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Indicator 3.3.2 Tuberculosis incidence TUBERCULOSIS INCIDENCE SDG Target 3.3 By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, waterborne diseases and other communicable diseases Indicator 3.3.2: Tuberculosis incidence per 100 000 population

Tuberculosis incidence (per 100 000 population), 20161 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Seychelles 15 Saint Kitts and Nevis 0 Monaco 0 United Arab Emirates 0.79 Mauritius 22 Barbados 1.2 San Marino 0 Jordan 5.6 Comoros 35 Saint Lucia 1.9 Iceland 2.1 Oman 9 Israel 3.5 10 Togo 46 United States of America 3.1 Saudi Arabia Antigua and Barbuda 3.4 Greece 4.4 Bahrain 12 Rwanda 50 4.7 Jamaica 4.5 Finland Lebanon 12 Burkina Faso 51 Czechia 5 Canada 5.2 Egypt 14 56 Mali Cyprus 5.6 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 6.3 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 14 Benin 59 Luxembourg 5.8 Grenada 6.4 Syrian Arab Republic 21 Algeria 70 Netherlands 5.9 Cuba 6.9 Qatar 23 Eritrea 74 Slovakia 5.9 Dominica 7.8 Kuwait 24 6 Niger 93 Andorra Costa Rica 9.5 Tunisia 38 Denmark 6.1 Sao Tome and Principe 99 Libya 40 Chile 16 Italy 6.1 Mauritania 102 Iraq 43 Trinidad and Tobago 18 Norway 6.1 Burundi 118 Yemen 48 Mexico 22 Slovenia 6.5 Sudan 82 Cabo Verde 137 Argentina 24 Ireland 7.1 Morocco 103 Senegal 140 Guatemala 24 France 7.7 Afghanistan 189 South Sudan 146 Bahamas 26 Switzerland 7.8 Pakistan 268 Chad 153 Suriname 26 Germany 8.1 Austria 8.2 Somalia 270 Côte d'Ivoire 153 Uruguay 29 Sweden 8.2 Djibouti 335 Ghana 156 Colombia 32 Hungary 8.8 Malawi 159 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 32 United Kingdom 9.9 WPR 38 174 Belize Gambia Belgium 10 Australia 6.1 Honduras 40 Guinea 176 Spain 10 New Zealand 7.3 Brazil 42 Ethiopia 177 Croatia 12 Samoa 7.7 Paraguay 42 Equatorial Guinea 181 Malta 13 Tonga 8.6 Nicaragua 48 16 Uganda 201 Albania Cook Islands 13 Ecuador 50 Estonia 16 Cameroon 203 Japan 16 Panama 55 Montenegro 16 Zimbabwe 208 Niue 20 Dominican Republic 60 The formerThe Yugoslav former Y Republicugoslav ofRe Macedoniapublic of .. 16 Nigeria 219 Singapore 51 El Salvador 60 Poland 18 Madagascar 237 Vanuatu 56 Guyana 93 Turkey 18 Fiji 59 United Republic of Tanzania 287 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 114 Serbia 19 20 China 64 Sierra Leone 304 Peru 117 Portugal Bulgaria 27 Brunei Darussalam 66 Liberia 308 Haiti 188 Bosnia and Herzegovina 32 Republic of Korea 77 Democratic Republic of the Congo 323 Latvia 37 Solomon Islands 84 Botswana 326 SEAR Armenia 44 Malaysia 92 Kenya 348 Maldives 49 Belarus 52 Nauru 112 Sri Lanka 65 Angola 370 53 Lithuania Palau 123 Guinea-Bissau 374 Nepal 154 Turkmenistan 60 Viet Nam 133 Zambia 376 Azerbaijan 66 Thailand 172 Lao People's Democratic Republic 175 Congo 378 Russian Federation 66 Bhutan 178 Micronesia (Federated States of) 177 67 Swaziland 398 Kazakhstan India 211 Mongolia 183 Romania 74 Central African Republic 407 Tuvalu 207 Bangladesh 221 Uzbekistan 76 Namibia 446 Cambodia 345 Myanmar 361 Tajikistan 85 Gabon 485 Ukraine 87 Marshall Islands 422 Indonesia 391 Mozambique 551 Georgia 92 Papua New Guinea 432 498 Lesotho 724 Timor-Leste Republic of Moldova 101 Philippines 554 Democratic People's Republic of 513 Kyrgyzstan 145 South Africa 781 Korea Kiribati 566

1 Global tuberculosis report 2017. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017 (http://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/, accessed 30 March 2018).

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 27 Indicator 3.3.3 Malaria incidence MALARIA INCIDENCE SDG Target 3.3 By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, waterborne diseases and other communicable diseases Indicator 3.3.3: Malaria incidence per 1000 population

Malaria incidence (per 1000 population at risk), 20161 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Algeria 0.0 Argentina 0.0 Azerbaijan 0.0 Iraq 0.0 Cabo Verde 0.7 Paraguay 0.0 Georgia 0.0 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 0.2 South Africa 1.1 Belize <0.1 Kyrgyzstan 0.0 Saudi Arabia 0.2 Tajikistan 0.0 9.6 Comoros 1.8 Costa Rica <0.1 Djibouti El Salvador <0.1 Turkey 0.0 Pakistan 10.6 Swaziland 1.9 Dominican Republic 0.3 Uzbekistan 0.0 Yemen 30.5 Botswana 2.4 Albania Mexico 0.4 Afghanistan 30.8 11.2 Sao Tome and Principe Andorra Panama 0.4 Sudan 35.3 Eritrea 17.2 Armenia Guatemala 0.8 Somalia 60.2 Namibia 29.3 Austria Suriname 1.4 Bahrain Senegal 49.0 Belarus Honduras 1.7 Egypt Ethiopia 53.1 Belgium Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 2.7 Jordan Bosnia and Herzegovina Madagascar 64.4 3.8 Kuwait Ecuador Bulgaria Guinea-Bissau 73.0 Lebanon Brazil 6.7 Croatia Zimbabwe 77.9 Libya Nicaragua 7.8 Cyprus Morocco Kenya 85.3 Haiti 13.9 Czechia Oman Mauritania 88.5 Colombia 17.2 Denmark Qatar Angola 120.3 Peru 17.8 Estonia Syrian Arab Republic Gambia 129.6 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 44.7 Finland France Tunisia United Republic of Tanzania 144.2 Guyana 77.7 Germany United Arab Emirates Burundi 156.2 Antigua and Barbuda Greece South Sudan 159.0 Bahamas Hungary WPR 167.6 Barbados Chad Iceland China <0.1 Canada Uganda 187.2 Ireland Viet Nam 0.1 Chile Zambia 189.8 Israel Malaysia 0.2 Cuba Congo 204.7 Italy Republic of Korea 0.3 Dominica Gabon 206.2 Kazakhstan Philippines 0.5 Grenada Latvia Côte d'Ivoire 223.2 Lao People's Democratic Republic 7.8 Jamaica Lithuania Liberia 237.0 Cambodia 8.9 Saint Kitts and Nevis Luxembourg Equatorial Guinea 238.8 Vanuatu 14.7 Saint Lucia Malta Solomon Islands 144.8 Malawi 249.1 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Monaco Papua New Guinea 179.4 Cameroon 271.3 Trinidad and Tobago Montenegro Australia Ghana 285.6 United States of America Netherlands Brunei Darussalam Democratic Republic of the Congo 291.9 Uruguay Norway Poland Cook Islands Benin 297.3 Portugal Fiji Sierra Leone 303.5 SEAR Republic of Moldova 0.0 Japan Mozambique 307.8 Sri Lanka Romania Kiribati Central African Republic 311.6 Bhutan <0.1 Russian Federation Marshall Islands Democratic People's Republic of Nigeria 349.6 0.5 San Marino Korea Micronesia (Federated States of) Togo 360.4 Bangladesh 0.6 Serbia Mongolia Niger 378.9 Slovakia Nepal 0.9 Nauru Guinea 386.5 Slovenia Timor-Leste 0.9 New Zealand Spain Rwanda 392.7 Niue Thailand 1.6 Sweden Burkina Faso 423.3 Palau Myanmar 7.2 Switzerland Mali 459.7 The formerThe fYugoslavormer Y uRepublicgoslav Rofe pMacedoniaublic of .. Samoa Indonesia 9.2 Lesotho Turkmenistan Singapore Mauritius India 18.8 Ukraine Tonga Seychelles Maldives United Kingdom Tuvalu

1 World malaria report 2017. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017 (http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/world-malaria-report-2017/report/en/, accessed 30 March 2018).

28 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Indicator 3.3.4 Hepatitis B incidence HEPATITIS B INCIDENCE SDG Target 3.3 By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, waterborne diseases and other communicable diseases Indicator 3.3.4: Hepatitis B incidence per 100 000 population

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence among children under 5 years old (%), 20151 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Seychelles 0.15 Argentina 0.01 France 0.01 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 0.02 Botswana 0.19 Mexico 0.04 Ireland 0.01 Iraq 0.06 Algeria 0.22 United States of America 0.04 Norway 0.01 United Arab Emirates 0.08 Netherlands 0.04 0.11 Mauritius 0.61 Guatemala 0.05 Kuwait Brazil 0.07 Poland 0.04 Bahrain 0.18 Namibia 0.66 0.08 Cuba 0.12 Andorra Qatar 0.20 Cabo Verde 0.71 Portugal 0.10 Nicaragua 0.14 Lebanon 0.21 0.74 Eritrea Croatia 0.11 Jamaica 0.16 Libya 0.27 Swaziland 0.85 Serbia 0.11 Costa Rica 0.17 Saudi Arabia 0.30 Kenya 0.86 Switzerland 0.17 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 0.20 Syrian Arab Republic 0.37 Gambia 1.17 Belgium 0.18 Colombia 0.21 Oman 0.44 0.19 Sao Tome and Principe 1.36 Lithuania Panama 0.22 Morocco 0.45 Spain 0.19 Democratic Republic of the Congo 1.43 Afghanistan 0.50 Peru 0.24 Belarus 0.20 Lesotho 1.64 Djibouti 0.64 Honduras 0.25 Monaco 0.20 0.76 United Republic of Tanzania 1.69 0.28 Tunisia Chile The formerTh eYugoslav former YRepublicugoslav ofRe Macedoniapublic of .. 0.20 Egypt 0.80 Rwanda 1.74 Bahamas 0.31 Kazakhstan 0.21 Jordan 1.01 South Africa 1.74 Ecuador 0.32 United Kingdom 0.22 Yemen 2.54 Zambia 1.84 Barbados 0.34 Turkmenistan 0.23 Pakistan 2.75 Cameroon 1.90 Dominican Republic 0.34 Germany 0.24 Luxembourg 0.24 Sudan 2.86 Comoros 1.96 Uruguay 0.35 Armenia 0.25 Somalia 10.54 Guinea-Bissau 2.12 Suriname 0.36 Georgia 0.26 Burundi 2.59 Antigua and Barbuda 0.38 Azerbaijan 0.27 WPR 0.38 2.61 Saint Kitts and Nevis Ethiopia Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.30 Australia 0.15 Dominica 0.39 Nigeria 2.61 Bulgaria 0.31 Malaysia 0.17 Saint Lucia 0.39 Malawi 3.03 Austria 0.32 Palau 0.21 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 0.42 Côte d'Ivoire 3.04 San Marino 0.32 Cook Islands 0.22 Trinidad and Tobago 0.43 0.32 Chad 3.08 Sweden Niue 0.24 Grenada 0.47 Turkey 0.32 Uganda 3.16 Brunei Darussalam 0.34 El Salvador 0.57 Estonia 0.36 Togo 3.36 Fiji 0.34 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 0.62 Greece 0.37 Senegal 3.48 Singapore 0.47 Paraguay 0.65 Czechia 0.39 Ghana 3.61 Cambodia 0.56 Guyana 0.95 Malta 0.39 Republic of Korea 0.69 Mozambique 3.67 Canada 1.03 Hungary 0.44 0.46 Tuvalu 0.70 Congo 4.11 Belize 1.49 Ukraine Israel 0.48 China 0.83 Gabon 4.16 Haiti 2.04 Kyrgyzstan 0.50 Micronesia (Federated States of) 0.89 Burkina Faso 4.29 Latvia 0.51 Samoa 1.05 Mauritania 4.29 SEAR Slovakia 0.56 Philippines 1.07 Madagascar 4.36 Thailand 0.17 Cyprus 0.60 New Zealand 1.20 Maldives 0.19 Zimbabwe 4.38 0.60 Uzbekistan Viet Nam 1.20 Angola 4.85 Nepal 0.31 Italy 0.61 Marshall Islands 1.56 Mali 4.88 Montenegro 0.65 India 0.51 Mongolia 1.72 Benin 5.55 Democratic People's Republic of Republic of Moldova 0.65 0.53 Lao People's Democratic Republic 1.94 Korea 0.65 Niger 6.01 Romania Sri Lanka 0.64 Japan 1.95 Tajikistan 0.71 Central African Republic 6.62 Nauru 2.11 Bhutan 0.81 Denmark 0.79 Guinea 7.47 Papua New Guinea 2.24 Timor-Leste 0.87 Iceland 0.88 Liberia 7.75 Russian Federation 0.88 Tonga 2.35 Indonesia 1.07 Sierra Leone 8.18 Slovenia 1.04 Solomon Islands 2.93 1.38 Equatorial Guinea 8.66 Bangladesh Finland 1.05 Kiribati 3.65 South Sudan 21.13 Myanmar 2.03 Albania 1.29 Vanuatu 8.48

1 This indicator is used here as a proxy for the SDG indicator. Data source: Global and Country Estimates of immunization coverage and chronic HBV infection [online database]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 23 March 2017 update (http://whohbsagdashboard.com/#global-strategies, accessed 30 March 2018).

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 29 Indicator 3.3.5 Need for neglected tropical disease interventions NEED FOR NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASE INTERVENTIONS SDG Target 3.3 By 2030, end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and neglected tropical diseases and combat hepatitis, water-borne diseases and other communicable diseases Indicator 3.3.5: Number of people requiring interventions against neglected tropical diseases

Reported number of people (in thousands) requiring interventions against NTDs, 20161 Data type: Other data

AFR AMR EUR EMR Algeria 0.0 Canada 0.0 Andorra 0.0 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 0.0 Mauritius 0.0 Chile <0.1 Belarus 0.0 Oman 0.0 Seychelles 0.0 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines <0.1 Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.0 Saudi Arabia 0.0 Cyprus 0.0 <0.1 Cabo Verde 146 Saint Kitts and Nevis 0.1 Bahrain Antigua and Barbuda 0.2 Denmark 0.0 Kuwait <0.1 Gambia 177 Grenada 0.2 Estonia 0.0 Lebanon <0.1 Swaziland 198 Iceland 0.0 United States of America 0.9 Libya <0.1 200 Sao Tome and Principe Luxembourg 0.0 Barbados 1 Morocco <0.1 Botswana 262 Monaco 0.0 Uruguay 1 Qatar <0.1 Equatorial Guinea 429 Republic of Moldova 0.0 Bahamas 4 United Arab Emirates <0.1 Comoros 528 Russian Federation 0.0 Belize 7 Jordan 0.1 0.0 Lesotho 531 San Marino Dominica 7 Tunisia 6 Serbia 0.0 Mauritania 590 19 Syrian Arab Republic 47 Trinidad and Tobago Switzerland 0.0 Gabon 694 Djibouti 111 Costa Rica 24 Ukraine 0.0 Namibia 1 097 Egypt 1 674 Saint Lucia 27 Albania <0.1 Iraq 2 170 Eritrea 1 498 Cuba 44 Austria <0.1 Somalia 5 164 Guinea-Bissau 1 577 Suriname 58 Belgium <0.1 Yemen 5 986 Congo 2 278 Argentina 80 Croatia <0.1 Afghanistan 13 275 Liberia 2 920 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 282 Czechia <0.1 Finland <0.1 Sudan 25 572 Central African Republic 3 757 Jamaica 348 France <0.1 Pakistan 31 683 Rwanda 5 191 Panama 453 Greece <0.1 Burundi 5 898 Guyana 720 Hungary <0.1 WPR 743 6 139 El Salvador Chad Ireland <0.1 Cook Islands 0.0 Paraguay 791 Togo 6 328 Italy <0.1 Mongolia 0.0 Nicaragua 927 South Africa 6 784 Latvia <0.1 New Zealand 0.0 Dominican Republic 971 Benin 6 938 Lithuania <0.1 Japan <0.1 1 880 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) <0.1 Guinea 7 246 Malta Niue <0.1 Ecuador 1 943 Montenegro <0.1 Sierra Leone 7 652 Palau <0.1 Honduras 2 752 Netherlands <0.1 Zimbabwe 9 958 Republic of Korea 0.3 Peru 2 815 Norway <0.1 South Sudan 9 991 Nauru 3 Guatemala 3 266 Poland <0.1 Brunei Darussalam 9 Malawi 11 435 Colombia 3 761 Portugal <0.1 Tuvalu 11 Zambia 11 573 Haiti 7 581 Romania <0.1 Singapore 13 Senegal 11 636 Mexico 9 532 Slovakia <0.1 <0.1 Marshall Islands 20 Kenya 11 771 Brazil 10 461 Slovenia Spain <0.1 Australia 21 Burkina Faso 12 492 Sweden <0.1 Tonga 37 Angola 14 419 SEAR The former Yugoslav Republic of .. <0.1 61 2 The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Samoa Niger 15 234 Maldives Turkmenistan <0.1 Micronesia (Federated States of) 71 Sri Lanka 56 Ghana 15 537 <0.1 United Kingdom Kiribati 117 Côte d'Ivoire 16 757 Thailand 64 Germany 0.1 Malaysia 120 Mali 18 606 Bhutan 242 Israel 0.2 Vanuatu 271 Madagascar 18 863 Kazakhstan 0.2 Timor-Leste 1 167 Solomon Islands 518 Bulgaria 0.3 Cameroon 19 390 Democratic People's Republic of 5 215 Fiji 905 Korea Turkey 1 Uganda 23 486 Lao People's Democratic Republic 2 206 Nepal 17 553 Armenia 39 Mozambique 23 921 Cambodia 4 771 Myanmar 39 343 Kyrgyzstan 114 United Republic of Tanzania 25 009 Tajikistan 126 Papua New Guinea 6 529 Bangladesh 47 484 Democratic Republic of the Congo 49 901 Uzbekistan 406 Viet Nam 6 954 101 813 Ethiopia 74 205 Indonesia Georgia 412 China 26 376 Nigeria 128 937 India x 3 458 855 Azerbaijan 1 719 Philippines 49 110

1 Neglected tropical diseases [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/gho/neglected_diseases/en/). Scales differ by region. The bar for India is rescaled to one third of its actual length.

30 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Indicator 3.4.1 Mortality due to noncommunicable diseases MORTALITY DUE TO NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES SDG Target 3.4 By 2030, reduce by one third premature mortality from noncommunicable diseases through prevention and treatment and promote mental health and well-being Indicator 3.4.1: Mortality rate attributed to cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory disease

Probability of dying from any of CVD, cancer, diabetes, CRD between age 30 and exact age 70 (%), 20161 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Kenya 13.4 Canada 9.8 Switzerland 8.6 Bahrain 11.3 Algeria 14.2 Costa Rica 11.5 Iceland 9.1 Morocco 12.4 Gabon 14.4 Chile 12.4 Sweden 9.1 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 14.8 Norway 9.2 15.3 Malawi 16.4 Peru 12.6 Qatar Ecuador 13.0 Italy 9.5 Tunisia 16.1 Angola 16.5 9.6 Panama 13.0 Israel Saudi Arabia 16.4 Congo 16.7 Spain 9.9 El Salvador 14.0 United Arab Emirates 16.8 17.2 Cabo Verde Luxembourg 10.0 Honduras 14.0 Kuwait 17.4 Liberia 17.6 Finland 10.2 Nicaragua 14.2 Oman 17.8 United Republic of Tanzania 17.9 Ireland 10.3 United States of America 14.6 Lebanon 17.9 Zambia 17.9 France 10.6 Jamaica 14.7 Jordan 19.2 10.8 Mauritania 18.1 Malta Guatemala 14.9 Djibouti 19.6 United Kingdom 10.9 Senegal 18.1 Libya 20.1 Bahamas 15.5 Portugal 11.1 Rwanda 18.2 Iraq 21.3 Mexico 15.7 Netherlands 11.2 Ethiopia 18.3 Somalia 21.8 Argentina 15.8 Cyprus 11.3 Syrian Arab Republic 21.8 Mozambique 18.4 Colombia 15.8 Denmark 11.3 Pakistan 24.7 Sao Tome and Principe 18.5 Barbados 16.2 Austria 11.4 Sudan 26.0 Zimbabwe 19.3 Cuba 16.4 Belgium 11.4 Egypt 27.7 Democratic Republic of the Congo 19.4 Brazil 16.6 Germany 12.1 Greece 12.4 Afghanistan 29.8 Benin 19.6 Uruguay 16.7 Slovenia 12.7 Yemen 30.6 South Sudan 19.8 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 17.2 Czechia 15.0 Guinea-Bissau 20.0 Paraguay 17.5 Turkey 16.1 WPR 18.1 20.0 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Niger Croatia 16.7 Republic of Korea 7.8 Saint Lucia 18.8 Botswana 20.3 Albania 17.0 Japan 8.4 Dominican Republic 19.0 Gambia 20.4 Estonia 17.0 Australia 9.1 Trinidad and Tobago 21.3 Ghana 20.8 Slovakia 17.2 Singapore 9.3 Grenada 21.4 17.8 Seychelles 21.2 Bosnia and Herzegovina New Zealand 10.1 Suriname 21.7 Poland 18.7 Namibia 21.3 Brunei Darussalam 16.6 Belize 22.1 Serbia 19.1 Cameroon 21.6 China 17.0 Antigua and Barbuda 22.6 The formerThe f Yugoslavormer Yu Republicgoslav R ofep Macedoniaublic of .. 20.3 Burkina Faso 21.7 Viet Nam 17.1 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 23.2 Montenegro 20.6 Uganda 21.9 Malaysia 17.2 Haiti 26.5 Lithuania 20.7 Samoa 20.6 Equatorial Guinea 22.0 Guyana 30.5 Romania 21.4 21.9 Cambodia 21.1 Guinea 22.4 Dominica Latvia Azerbaijan 22.2 Tonga 23.3 Nigeria 22.5 Saint Kitts and Nevis Armenia 22.3 Vanuatu 23.3 Mauritius 22.6 Hungary 23.0 Solomon Islands 23.8 Burundi 22.9 SEAR Bulgaria 23.6 Micronesia (Federated States of) 26.1 Comoros 22.9 Maldives 13.4 Belarus 23.7 Philippines 26.8 Thailand 14.5 Madagascar 22.9 24.5 Uzbekistan Lao People's Democratic Republic 27.0 Central African Republic 23.1 Sri Lanka 17.4 Ukraine 24.7 Kiribati 28.4 Togo 23.6 Georgia 24.9 Timor-Leste 19.9 Papua New Guinea 30.0 Chad 23.9 Kyrgyzstan 24.9 Bangladesh 21.6 Mongolia 30.2 24.9 Eritrea 23.9 Republic of Moldova Nepal 21.8 Fiji 30.6 Tajikistan 25.3 Mali 24.6 Cook Islands Bhutan 23.3 Russian Federation 25.4 South Africa 26.2 Marshall Islands India 23.3 Kazakhstan 26.8 Lesotho 26.6 Turkmenistan 29.5 Nauru Myanmar 24.2 Swaziland 26.7 Andorra Niue Democratic People's Republic of 25.6 Côte d'Ivoire 29.1 Korea Monaco Palau Sierra Leone 30.5 Indonesia 26.4 San Marino Tuvalu

1 Global Health Estimates 2016: Deaths by cause, age, sex, by country and by region, 2000–2016. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. WHO Member States with a population of less than 90 000 in 2016 were not included in the analysis.

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 31 Indicator 3.4.2 Suicide mortality rate SUICIDE MORTALITY RATE SDG Target 3.4 By 2030, reduce by one third premature mortality from noncommunicable diseases through prevention and treatment and promote mental health and well-being Indicator 3.4.2: Suicide mortality rate

Suicide mortality rate (per 100 000 population), 20161 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Sao Tome and Principe 2.3 Antigua and Barbuda 0.5 Tajikistan 2.5 Syrian Arab Republic 1.9 Algeria 3.2 Barbados 0.8 Azerbaijan 2.6 Kuwait 2.3 Kenya 3.2 Bahamas 1.7 Greece 5.0 United Arab Emirates 2.8 Cyprus 5.3 2.9 Malawi 3.7 Grenada 1.7 Jordan Jamaica 2.2 Israel 5.4 Morocco 2.9 South Sudan 3.7 6.3 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2.4 Albania Pakistan 2.9 Madagascar 3.9 Armenia 6.6 Guatemala 2.7 Iraq 3.0 4.0 Guinea-Bissau Turkmenistan 6.7 Honduras 2.9 Saudi Arabia 3.2 Mauritania 4.4 Turkey 7.3 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 3.7 Lebanon 3.3 Niger 4.6 Uzbekistan 7.4 Panama 4.3 Tunisia 3.4 Angola 4.7 Malta 7.5 Belize 4.7 Oman 3.9 7.9 Mali 4.8 The formerThe Yugoslav former Y Republicugoslav ofRe pMacedoniaublic of .. Peru 4.9 Egypt 4.0 Georgia 8.2 Mozambique 4.9 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 4.1 Mexico 5.1 Italy 8.2 Gambia 5.1 Afghanistan 4.7 Brazil 6.5 Kyrgyzstan 8.3 Ghana 5.4 Somalia 4.7 Ecuador 7.1 Spain 8.7 Libya 5.2 United Republic of Tanzania 5.4 Colombia 7.2 Bosnia and Herzegovina 8.8 Bahrain 5.9 Democratic Republic of the Congo 5.7 Saint Lucia 7.8 United Kingdom 8.9 Qatar 6.6 Congo 5.9 Costa Rica 7.9 Montenegro 10.3 Djibouti 6.7 Senegal 6.0 Argentina 9.2 Romania 10.4 Bulgaria 11.5 Sudan 8.1 Zambia 6.1 Paraguay 9.5 Ireland 11.5 Yemen 8.5 Guinea 6.3 Dominican Republic 9.9 Norway 12.2 Rwanda 6.7 Chile 10.6 Netherlands 12.6 WPR 11.7 6.8 Haiti Comoros Denmark 12.8 Philippines 3.2 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 12.2 Liberia 6.8 Slovakia 12.8 Tonga 3.5 Nicaragua 12.2 Gabon 7.1 Czechia 13.1 Samoa 4.4 Canada 12.5 Ethiopia 7.2 Luxembourg 13.5 Vanuatu 4.5 Trinidad and Tobago 13.6 13.6 Burkina Faso 7.7 Germany Brunei Darussalam 4.6 El Salvador 13.7 Iceland 14.0 Central African Republic 7.7 Solomon Islands 4.7 Cuba 13.9 Portugal 14.0 Mauritius 7.8 Fiji 5.0 United States of America 15.3 Sweden 14.8 Eritrea 7.9 Cambodia 5.3 Uruguay 18.4 Austria 15.6 Namibia 8.7 Malaysia 5.5 Suriname 22.8 Serbia 15.6 Papua New Guinea 6.0 Chad 8.8 Guyana 29.2 Finland 15.9 15.9 Viet Nam 7.3 Burundi 9.1 Dominica Republic of Moldova Poland 16.2 Lao People's Democratic Republic 8.6 Botswana 9.3 Saint Kitts and Nevis Croatia 16.5 China 9.7 Seychelles 9.3 Switzerland 17.2 Singapore 9.9 Nigeria 9.5 SEAR France 17.7 Micronesia (Federated States of) 11.1 Togo 9.6 Maldives 2.3 Estonia 17.8 New Zealand 12.1 Indonesia 3.4 Sierra Leone 9.7 18.6 Slovenia Mongolia 13.0 Benin 9.9 Timor-Leste 4.6 Hungary 19.1 Australia 13.2 Uganda 9.9 Belgium 20.7 Bangladesh 5.9 Kiribati 14.4 Zimbabwe 10.7 Latvia 21.2 Myanmar 7.8 Japan 18.5 22.4 Cabo Verde 11.3 Ukraine Nepal 8.8 Republic of Korea 26.9 Kazakhstan 22.5 South Africa 11.6 Democratic People's Republic of 11.2 26.2 Cook Islands Korea Belarus Cameroon 12.2 Marshall Islands Bhutan 11.4 Russian Federation 31.0 Swaziland 13.3 Lithuania 31.9 Nauru Thailand 14.4 Côte d'Ivoire 14.5 Andorra Niue Equatorial Guinea 16.4 Sri Lanka 14.6 Monaco Palau Lesotho 21.2 India 16.3 San Marino Tuvalu

32 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Indicator 3.5.2 Alcohol use ALCOHOL USE SDG Target 3.5 Strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse, including narcotic drug abuse and harmful use of alcohol Indicator 3.5.2: Harmful use of alcohol, defined according to the national context as alcohol per capita consumption (aged 15 years and older) within a calendar year in litres of pure alcohol

Total alcohol per capita (≥ 15 years of age) consumption in litres of pure alcohol, 20161 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Mauritania 0.0 Guatemala 2.4 Azerbaijan 0.8 Kuwait 0.0 Niger 0.5 El Salvador 3.7 Turkey 2.0 Libya 0.0 Senegal 0.7 Honduras 4.0 Uzbekistan 2.7 Somalia 0.0 Tajikistan 3.3 0.1 Algeria 0.9 Jamaica 4.2 Yemen Bahamas 4.4 Israel 3.8 Afghanistan 0.2 Comoros 0.9 Ecuador 4.4 Turkmenistan 5.4 Saudi Arabia 0.2 Eritrea 1.3 Armenia 5.5 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 4.8 Pakistan 0.3 1.3 Guinea Kyrgyzstan 6.2 Costa Rica 4.8 Syrian Arab Republic 0.3 Mali 1.3 Bosnia and Herzegovina 6.4 Suriname 5.1 Egypt 0.4 Chad 1.5 Albania 7.5 Nicaragua 5.2 Iraq 0.4 Madagascar 1.9 Italy 7.5 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 5.6 Djibouti 0.5 7.5 Mozambique 2.4 Norway Colombia 5.8 Sudan 0.5 Kazakhstan 7.7 Democratic Republic of the Congo 2.6 5.8 Morocco 0.6 Haiti Montenegro 8.0 Ghana 2.7 Jordan 0.7 Cuba 6.1 Malta 8.1 Ethiopia 2.8 6.3 Oman 0.8 Guyana The formerThe Yugoslav former Y Republicugoslav ofRe pMacedoniaublic of .. 8.1 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 1.0 Benin 3.0 Peru 6.3 Ukraine 8.6 Lebanon 1.5 Togo 3.1 Mexico 6.5 Netherlands 8.7 Bahrain 1.9 Central African Republic 3.3 Belize 6.7 Croatia 8.9 Tunisia 1.9 Kenya 3.4 Dominican Republic 6.9 Iceland 9.1 Sweden 9.2 Qatar 2.0 Mauritius 3.6 Antigua and Barbuda 7.0 Georgia 9.8 United Arab Emirates 3.8 Malawi 3.7 Paraguay 7.2 Spain 10.0 Gambia 3.8 Brazil 7.8 Denmark 10.4 WPR 7.9 4.8 Panama Guinea-Bissau Greece 10.4 Brunei Darussalam 0.4 Dominica 8.2 Zambia 4.8 Finland 10.7 Kiribati 0.4 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 8.2 Zimbabwe 4.8 Cyprus 10.8 Malaysia 0.9 Trinidad and Tobago 8.4 Lesotho 5.0 Serbia 11.1 Vanuatu 1.0 8.9 Canada 11.2 Cabo Verde 5.7 Belarus Papua New Guinea 1.2 Chile 9.3 Andorra 11.3 Sierra Leone 5.7 Solomon Islands 1.4 Grenada 9.3 Hungary 11.4 Liberia 5.8 Tonga 1.5 Saint Kitts and Nevis 9.4 United Kingdom 11.4 Angola 6.4 Tuvalu 1.7 Barbados 9.6 Slovakia 11.5 Singapore 2.0 Sao Tome and Principe 6.8 Argentina 9.8 Switzerland 11.5 Micronesia (Federated States of) 2.5 Burundi 7.5 United States of America 9.8 Austria 11.6 Samoa 2.5 Congo 7.8 Saint Lucia 9.9 Estonia 11.6 11.6 Fiji 3.0 Burkina Faso 8.2 Uruguay 10.8 Poland Russian Federation 11.7 Nauru 6.0 Botswana 8.4 Belgium 12.1 Philippines 6.6 Côte d'Ivoire 8.4 SEAR Portugal 12.3 6.7 0.0 Cambodia Cameroon 8.9 Bangladesh France 12.6 Niue 7.0 Bhutan 0.6 Rwanda 9.0 12.6 Romania China 7.2 South Africa 9.3 Indonesia 0.8 Slovenia 12.6 Mongolia 7.4 United Republic of Tanzania 9.4 Nepal 2.0 Bulgaria 12.7 Japan 8.0 Uganda 9.5 Latvia 12.9 Timor-Leste 2.1 Viet Nam 8.3 13.0 Namibia 9.8 Ireland Maldives 2.7 Republic of Korea 10.2 Luxembourg 13.0 9.9 Swaziland Democratic People's Republic of 10.4 3.9 Lao People's Democratic Republic Korea Germany 13.4 Equatorial Guinea 11.3 Australia 10.6 Sri Lanka 4.3 Czechia 14.4 Gabon 11.5 Lithuania 15.0 Cook Islands 10.6 Myanmar 4.8 Seychelles 12.0 Republic of Moldova 15.2 New Zealand 10.7 Nigeria 13.4 India 5.7 Monaco Marshall Islands South Sudan Thailand 8.3 San Marino Palau

1 WHO Global Information System on Alcohol and Health (GISAH) [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/gho/ alcohol/en/, accessed 30 March 2018).

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 33 Indicator 3.6.1 Deaths from road traffic injuries DEATHS FROM ROAD TRAFFIC INJURIES SDG Target 3.6 By 2020, halve the number of global deaths and injuries from road traffic accidents Indicator 3.6.1: Death rate due to road traffic injuries

Road traffic mortality rate (per 100 000 population), 20131 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Seychelles 8.6 Grenada 5.7 Monaco 0.0 Bahrain 8.0 Mauritius 12.2 Canada 6.0 Sweden 2.8 United Arab Emirates 10.9 Nigeria 20.5 Antigua and Barbuda 6.7 United Kingdom 2.9 Egypt 12.8 San Marino 3.2 14.2 Equatorial Guinea 22.9 Barbados 6.7 Pakistan Cuba 7.5 Switzerland 3.3 Qatar 15.2 Gabon 22.9 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 8.2 Netherlands 3.4 Afghanistan 15.5 Botswana 23.6 Denmark 3.5 Panama 10.0 Kuwait 18.7 23.8 Algeria Israel 3.6 United States of America 10.6 Syrian Arab Republic 20.0 Namibia 23.9 Spain 3.7 Jamaica 11.5 Iraq 20.2 Chad 24.1 Norway 3.8 Mexico 12.3 Morocco 20.8 Eritrea 24.1 Ireland 4.1 Chile 12.4 Yemen 21.5 4.3 Côte d'Ivoire 24.2 Germany Argentina 13.6 Lebanon 22.6 Iceland 4.6 Swaziland 24.2 13.8 Libya² 23.8 Bahamas Finland 4.8 Mauritania 24.5 Sudan 24.3 Costa Rica 13.9 France 5.1 Zambia 24.7 Tunisia 24.4 Peru 13.9 Malta 5.1 Djibouti 24.7 South Africa 25.1 Trinidad and Tobago 14.1 Cyprus 5.2 Oman 25.4 Ethiopia 25.3 Haiti 15.1 Austria 5.4 Somalia 25.4 Mali 25.6 Dominica 15.3 Czechia 6.1 Jordan 26.3 Cabo Verde 26.1 Nicaragua 15.3 Italy 6.1 Slovenia 6.4 Saudi Arabia 27.4 Ghana 26.2 Uruguay 16.6 Slovakia 6.6 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 32.1 Congo 26.4 Colombia 16.8 Belgium 6.7 Niger 26.4 Guyana 17.3 Estonia 7.0 WPR 17.4 26.9 Honduras Angola Andorra 7.6 Micronesia (Federated States of) 1.9 Saint Lucia 18.1 Senegal 27.2 Hungary 7.7 Kiribati 2.9 Guatemala 19.0 Guinea 27.3 Serbia 7.7 Singapore 3.6 Suriname 19.1 Sierra Leone 27.3 Portugal 7.8 Japan 4.7 20.1 Ecuador 8.3 Uganda 27.4 Bulgaria Palau 4.8 Paraguay 20.7 Luxembourg 8.7 Guinea-Bissau 27.5 Australia 5.4 El Salvador 21.1 Romania 8.7 Cameroon 27.6 Marshall Islands 5.7 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 23.2 Turkey 8.9 Benin 27.7 Fiji 5.8 Brazil 23.4 Greece 9.1 New Zealand 6.0 South Sudan 27.9 Belize 24.4 Croatia 9.2 Tonga 7.6 Comoros 28.0 Dominican Republic 29.3 The formerThe f oYugoslavrmer Yu Republicgoslav R ofep Macedoniaublic of .. 9.4 Brunei Darussalam 8.0 Lesotho 28.2 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 45.1 Azerbaijan 10.0 10.0 Philippines 10.5 Zimbabwe 28.2 Saint Kitts and Nevis Latvia Poland 10.3 Republic of Korea 12.0 Madagascar 28.4 Lithuania 10.6 Lao People's Democratic Republic 14.3 Kenya 29.1 SEAR Ukraine 10.6 15.8 3.5 Samoa Gambia 29.4 Maldives Uzbekistan 11.2 Vanuatu 16.6 Bangladesh 13.6 Burkina Faso 30.0 11.8 Georgia Papua New Guinea 16.8 Sao Tome and Principe 31.1 Bhutan 15.1 Montenegro 11.9 Cambodia 17.4 Togo 31.1 Indonesia 15.3 Republic of Moldova 12.5 China 18.8 Burundi 31.3 Belarus 13.7 India 16.6 Solomon Islands 19.2 15.1 Mozambique 31.6 Albania Timor-Leste 16.6 Mongolia 21.0 Turkmenistan 17.4 Rwanda 32.1 Malaysia 24.0 Nepal 17.0 Bosnia and Herzegovina 17.7 Central African Republic 32.4 Cook Islands 24.2 Sri Lanka 17.4 Armenia 18.3 United Republic of Tanzania 32.9 Tajikistan 18.8 Viet Nam 24.5 Myanmar 20.3 Democratic Republic of the Congo 33.2 Russian Federation 18.9 Nauru Democratic People's Republic of 20.8 Liberia 33.7 Korea Kyrgyzstan 22.0 Niue Malawi 35.0 Thailand 36.2 Kazakhstan 24.2 Tuvalu

1 Global status report on road safety 2015. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015 (http://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/road_safety_status/2015/en/, accessed 30 March 2018). WHO Member States with a population of less than 90 000 in 2015 who did not participate in the survey used to produce the report were not included in the analysis. 2 Updated estimate.

34 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Indicator 3.7.1 Family planning FAMILY PLANNING SDG Target 3.7 By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health-care services, including for family planning, information and education, and the integration of reproductive health into national strategies and programmes Indicator 3.7.1: Proportion of women of reproductive age (aged 15–49 years) who have their need for family planning satisfied with modern methods

Proportion of married or in-union women of reproductive age who have their need for family planning satisfied with modern methods (%), latest available data, 2007–20171 Data type: Primary data

2012 or later Pre-2012 AFR AMR EUR EMR Zimbabwe 85.2 Nicaragua 89.8 Kazakhstan³ 79.6 Egypt 80.0 Swaziland 80.6 Brazil 89.3 Turkmenistan 75.6 Morocco 74.8

South Africa² 77.9 Costa Rica³ 89.1 Belarus³ 74.2 Tunisia³ 73.2 Ukraine 68.0 68.9 Kenya 77.6 Cuba 88.4 Qatar³ 86.5 Kyrgyzstan 62.1 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 68.6 Algeria³ 77.2 Colombia Dominican Republic² 84.1 Republic of Moldova 60.4 Iraq³ 59.3 Lesotho 76.1 Turkey 59.7 Jamaica 82.9 Jordan 58.0 Namibia 75.1 Tajikistan 50.8 Paraguay 82.6 Syrian Arab Republic 53.3 Malawi 74.6 Armenia 40.2 El Salvador 81.9 Pakistan 47.0 Rwanda 65.9 Montenegro³ 34.1 Mexico 80.9 Yemen 46.9 Zambia 63.8 Serbia³ 25.1 Ecuador 80.7 Afghanistan 42.1 3 22.3 Ethiopia 59.4 The formerThe fo Yugoslavrmer Yu Republicgoslav R ofe pMacedoniaublic of .. Honduras 76.0 Oman 39.6 Bosnia and Herzegovina³ 21.9 United Republic of Tanzania 52.9 Sudan 30.2 Panama 75.9 Albania 12.9 Mozambique² 50.4 Libya 29.6 Suriname³ 73.2 Andorra Sao Tome and Principe 50.3 Bahrain Saint Lucia 72.4 Austria Djibouti Uganda 49.9 Barbados³ 70.0 Azerbaijan Kuwait Madagascar 49.6 Peru 66.1 Belgium Lebanon Senegal 47.4 Belize 65.9 Bulgaria Saudi Arabia Ghana 46.2 Guatemala 65.6 Croatia Cyprus Somalia Mali 46.0 Trinidad and Tobago 58.2 Czechia United Arab Emirates Niger 45.4 Guyana² 52.5 Denmark Burkina Faso 45.0 Haiti 44.0 Estonia WPR 41.9 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 42.8 Mauritius Finland Marshall Islands 80.5 Antigua and Barbuda Cameroon 40.1 France Viet Nam³ 69.7 Argentina Burundi² 39.3 Georgia Mongolia³ 68.3 Bahamas Congo 38.5 Germany Lao People's Democratic Republic 61.3 Canada Guinea-Bissau 37.6 Greece Cambodia 56.4 Chile Hungary Sierra Leone 37.5 Philippines 51.5 Dominica Iceland Liberia 37.2 Vanuatu 50.7 Grenada Ireland Gabon 33.7 Tonga 47.9 Saint Kitts and Nevis Israel Togo 32.1 Nauru 42.5 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Italy 41.0 Côte d'Ivoire 31.1 Tuvalu United States of America Latvia Papua New Guinea 40.6 30.4 Lithuania Mauritania Uruguay Luxembourg Samoa 39.4 Central African Republic³ 28.7 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Malta Solomon Islands 38.0 Comoros 27.8 Monaco Kiribati 35.8 Nigeria³ 26.3 SEAR Netherlands Australia Benin 24.5 Thailand 89.2 Norway Brunei Darussalam Angola 24.2 Bhutan³ 84.6 Poland China Gambia 23.9 Indonesia 77.9 Portugal Cook Islands Guinea 21.5 Romania Myanmar 75.0 Fiji Equatorial Guinea 20.5 Russian Federation Sri Lanka 74.1 Japan Eritrea 19.6 San Marino Malaysia Bangladesh 72.5 Slovakia Chad 17.5 Micronesia (Federated States of) India 72.0 Slovenia Democratic Republic of the Congo 15.6 New Zealand Nepal 56.1 Spain South Sudan³ 5.6 Sweden Niue Timor-Leste² 46.1 Botswana Switzerland Palau Cabo Verde Maldives 42.7 United Kingdom Republic of Korea Democratic People's Republic of Uzbekistan Seychelles Korea Singapore

1 Data pertaining to women aged 15-49 years who were married or in union, extracted by WHO from World Contraceptive Use 2018 [online database]. New York (NY): United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2018 (http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/dataset/contraception/wcu2018.shtml, accessed 2 May 2018). 2 Preliminary data. 3 Deviation from standard question or measurement method. Please refer to World Contraceptive Use 2018 for more information.

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 35 Indicator 3.7.2 Adolescent birth rate ADOLESCENT BIRTH RATE SDG Target 3.7 By 2030, ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health-care services, including for family planning, information and education, and the integration of reproductive health into national strategies and programmes Indicator 3.7.2: Adolescent birth rate (aged 10–14 years; aged 15–19 years) per 1000 women in that age group

Adolescent birth rate (per 1000 women aged 15–19 years), 2007–20161 Data type: Primary data

2012 or later Pre-2012 AFR AMR EUR EMR Algeria 9.0 Canada 11.1 Switzerland 2.6 Tunisia 3.0 Mauritius 24.1 United States of America 22.3 Netherlands 3.2 Kuwait 6.1 Botswana 37.5 Bahamas 32.0 Denmark 3.4 Qatar 10.5 Sweden 4.4 10.9 Rwanda 45.0 Trinidad and Tobago 38.0 Libya 44.7 Slovenia 4.5 Oman 13.5 Burundi 58.0 Chile Dominican Republic 45.3 Norway 4.6 Bahrain 14.3 Ghana 59.0 Cyprus 4.9 Jamaica 45.7 Djibouti 20.6 65.8 Seychelles Italy 5.1 Haiti 49.0 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 23.0 Comoros 70.0 Luxembourg 5.6 Peru 49.4 Jordan 26.0 South Africa 71.0 Finland 6.2 Barbados 49.7 Morocco 32.0 Eritrea 76.0 Belgium 6.6 Cuba 50.0 United Arab Emirates 34.2 7.6 Mauritania 77.0 Austria Uruguay 55.6 Pakistan 44.0 Spain 7.7 Cabo Verde 80.0 Syrian Arab Republic 54.0 Ecuador 56.5 Germany 7.8 Ethiopia 80.0 Egypt 56.0 Suriname 57.7 Greece 8.0 Senegal 80.0 Yemen 67.0 Brazil 60.8 Iceland 8.0 Iraq 82.0 Namibia 82.0 Paraguay 62.8 Portugal 8.2 Afghanistan 87.0 Togo 85.0 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 63.7 Ireland 8.6 Sudan 87.0 Swaziland 87.0 Argentina 65.5 France 9.2 Lebanon Gambia 88.0 Mexico 66.2 Croatia 9.6 Israel 9.7 Saudi Arabia Gabon 91.0 El Salvador 69.2 Bosnia and Herzegovina 10.7 Somalia Sao Tome and Principe 92.0 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 71.0 Montenegro 11.1 Benin 94.0 Colombia 71.6 Malta 11.4 WPR 94.0 Belize 74.0 Lesotho Czechia 11.6 Republic of Korea 1.3 Guyana 74.0 Kenya 96.0 Poland 12.3 Singapore 2.7 Panama 84.3 Liberia 104.8 Estonia 12.5 Japan 4.1 Guatemala 92.0 Guinea-Bissau 106.0 Lithuania 14.1 China 9.2 Nicaragua 92.0 14.4 Zimbabwe 110.0 United Kingdom Brunei Darussalam 11.4 Honduras 101.0 Serbia 16.4 Cameroon 119.0 Malaysia 11.5 Antigua and Barbuda Latvia 18.0 Burkina Faso 122.0 Australia 11.9 Costa Rica Albania 18.9 Sierra Leone 125.0 New Zealand 16.0 Dominica The formerThe f oYugoslavrmer Yu Republicgoslav R ofep Macedoniaublic of .. 20.1 Côte d'Ivoire 129.0 Mongolia 26.7 Grenada Belarus 20.4 30.0 United Republic of Tanzania 132.0 Tonga Saint Kitts and Nevis Hungary 22.8 30.1 136.0 Russian Federation 24.0 Viet Nam Malawi Saint Lucia Armenia 24.3 Samoa 39.2 Democratic Republic of the Congo 138.0 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Slovakia 24.3 Solomon Islands 42.0 Uganda 141.0 Ukraine 26.1 Kiribati 49.9 Zambia 141.0 SEAR Democratic People's Republic of Republic of Moldova 26.7 Cambodia 57.0 0.7 Nigeria 145.0 Korea Turkey 26.9 Philippines 57.0 12.9 Guinea 146.0 Maldives 28.0 Turkmenistan Lao People's Democratic Republic 75.6 Niger 146.0 Sri Lanka 20.3 Uzbekistan 29.5 Vanuatu 78.0 Congo 147.0 Romania 35.3 India 28.1 Cook Islands Madagascar 152.0 Kazakhstan 36.0 Bhutan 28.4 Fiji 39.4 South Sudan 158.1 Bulgaria Marshall Islands Myanmar 36.0 Georgia 47.9 Angola 163.0 Micronesia (Federated States of) Indonesia 40.1 Azerbaijan 52.8 Mozambique 167.0 Nauru Thailand 51.0 Tajikistan 54.0 Mali 174.0 Andorra Niue Bangladesh 78.0 Equatorial Guinea 176.0 Kyrgyzstan Palau Chad 179.0 Nepal 88.0 Monaco Papua New Guinea Central African Republic 229.0 Timor-Leste San Marino Tuvalu

1 Data extracted by WHO from World Fertility Data 2017 [online database]. New York (NY): United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; November 2017 (http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/dataset/fertility/wfd2017.shtml).

36 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Indicator 3.8.1 Universal health coverage: service coverage UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE: SERVICE COVERAGE SDG Target 3.8 Achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health-care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all Indicator 3.8.1: Coverage of essential health services (defined as the average coverage of essential services based on tracer interventions that include reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health, infectious diseases, noncommunicable diseases and service capacity and access, among the general and the most disadvantaged population)

Universal health coverage: service coverage index, 20151 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Algeria 76 Canada ≥80 Austria ≥80 Kuwait 77 Seychelles 68 United States of America ≥80 Belgium ≥80 Qatar 77

South Africa 67 Barbados 79 Denmark ≥80 Bahrain 72 France ≥80 72 Mauritius 64 Uruguay 79 Oman Cuba 78 Iceland ≥80 Jordan 70 Cabo Verde 62 Peru 78 Israel ≥80 Egypt 68 Botswana 60 Italy ≥80 Brazil 77 Lebanon 68 Namibia 59 Luxembourg ≥80 El Salvador 77 Saudi Arabia 68 Swaziland 58 Netherlands ≥80 Argentina 76 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 65 Kenya 57 Norway ≥80 Colombia 76 Morocco 65 Zambia 56 Portugal ≥80 Mexico 76 Tunisia 65 ≥80 Zimbabwe 55 Sweden Antigua and Barbuda 75 Iraq 63 Switzerland ≥80 Sao Tome and Principe 54 75 Libya 63 Costa Rica United Kingdom ≥80 Rwanda 53 United Arab Emirates 63 Ecuador 75 Finland 79 Gabon 52 Syrian Arab Republic 60 Panama 75 Germany 79 Djibouti 47 Comoros 47 Trinidad and Tobago 75 Malta 79 Sudan 43 Gambia 46 Dominican Republic 74 Ireland 78 Pakistan 40 Equatorial Guinea 45 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 73 Slovenia 78 Yemen 39 Ghana 45 Bahamas 72 Spain 77 Estonia 76 Afghanistan 34 Lesotho 45 Grenada 72 Slovakia 76 Somalia 22 Cameroon 44 Chile 70 Poland 75 Côte d'Ivoire 44 Nicaragua 70 Belarus 74 WPR 69 44 Paraguay Malawi Cyprus 73 Australia ≥80 Saint Lucia 69 Uganda 44 Czechia 73 Brunei Darussalam ≥80 Guyana 68 Burundi 43 Romania 72 Japan ≥80 Suriname 68 Mozambique 42 Uzbekistan 72 New Zealand ≥80 65 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 71 Togo 42 Kazakhstan Republic of Korea ≥80 Honduras 64 Turkey 71 Benin 41 Singapore ≥80 Belize 61 Greece 70 Senegal 41 China 76 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 60 Hungary 70 Democratic Republic of the Congo 40 Viet Nam 73 Jamaica 60 The formerThe f oYugoslavrmer Yu Republicgoslav R ofep Macedoniaublic of .. 70 Malaysia 70 Burkina Faso 39 Guatemala 57 Croatia 69 Fiji 66 Ethiopia 39 Haiti 47 Armenia 67 Mongolia 63 Guinea-Bissau 39 Dominica Lithuania 67 67 Tonga 62 Nigeria 39 Saint Kitts and Nevis Turkmenistan Georgia 66 Micronesia (Federated States of) 60 United Republic of Tanzania 39 Kyrgyzstan 66 Philippines 58 Congo 38 SEAR Republic of Moldova 65 56 75 Samoa Eritrea 38 Thailand Serbia 65 Vanuatu 56 Democratic People's Republic of 68 Angola 36 Korea 65 Tajikistan Cambodia 55 Sierra Leone 36 Sri Lanka 62 Azerbaijan 64 Solomon Islands 50 Guinea 35 Myanmar 60 Bulgaria 64 Lao People's Democratic Republic 48 Liberia 34 Latvia 64 Bhutan 59 Papua New Guinea 41 63 Central African Republic 33 Russian Federation India 56 Kiribati 40 Ukraine 63 Mauritania 33 Cook Islands Maldives 55 Albania 62 Niger 33 Marshall Islands Indonesia 49 Bosnia and Herzegovina 57 Mali 32 Montenegro 54 Nauru Timor-Leste 47 Madagascar 30 Andorra Niue South Sudan 30 Bangladesh 46 Monaco Palau Chad 29 Nepal 46 San Marino Tuvalu

1 Tracking universal health coverage: 2017 global monitoring report. Geneva and Washington (DC): World Health Organization and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank; 2017 (http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/259817/9789241513555-eng.pdf?sequence=1, accessed 30 March 2018). WHO Member States with a population of less than 90 000 in 2015 were not included in the analysis.

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 37 Indicator 3.8.2 Universal health coverage: financial protection UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE: FINANCIAL PROTECTION SDG Target 3.8 Achieve universal health coverage, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health-care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all Indicator 3.8.2: Proportion of population with large household expenditures on health as a share of total household expenditure or income

Proportion of population (%) with total household expenditures on health > 10% and > 25% of total household expenditure or income, latest available data, 2007–20151 Data type: Primary data

Spending >10% Spending >10% Spending >25% 2012 or later Pre-2012

AFR AMR EUR EMR Zambia 0.3 Guatemala 1.4 United Kingdom 1.6 Pakistan 1.0

Mozambique 1.2 Panama 1.4 Kazakhstan 1.8 Afghanistan 4.8 2.6 Czechia 2.2 South Africa 1.4 Canada Iran (Islamic Republic of) 15.8 United States of America 4.8 Croatia 2.8 Malawi 1.6 Tunisia 16.7 Denmark 2.9 Mexico 7.1 26.2 Cabo Verde 2.0 Egypt 2.9 Peru 8.3 Slovenia Congo 2.0 Bahrain Turkey 3.1 Costa Rica 10.1 Djibouti Senegal 3.3 Luxembourg 3.4 Colombia 16.9 Iraq Burkina Faso 3.5 Kyrgyzstan 3.5 17.0 Dominican Republic Jordan Niger 4.1 Slovakia 3.8 25.6 Brazil Kuwait Rwanda 4.6 Belarus 4.4 Nicaragua 27.7 Russian Federation 4.9 Lebanon Guinea 7.0 Antigua and Barbuda The formerThe f oYugoslavrmer Yu Republicgoslav Rofe pMacedoniaublic of .. 5.4 Libya Liberia 7.9 Argentina Spain 5.7 Morocco United Republic of Tanzania 9.9 Bahamas Finland 6.3 Oman Cameroon 10.8 Barbados Ireland 6.4 Qatar Angola 12.4 Belize Israel 6.7 Saudi Arabia 13.4 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 7.2 Swaziland Ukraine Somalia Chile Hungary 7.4 Côte d'Ivoire 15.2 Sudan Cuba Bosnia and Herzegovina 8.6 Nigeria 24.8 Syrian Arab Republic Dominica Estonia 8.8 Algeria United Arab Emirates Ecuador Montenegro 8.9 Benin Yemen El Salvador Serbia 9.0 Botswana Grenada Italy 9.3 Burundi WPR Guyana Lithuania 9.8 Central African Republic 11.3 Mongolia 2.4 Haiti Tajikistan Chad Belgium 11.4 Lao People's Democratic Republic 3.0 Honduras Romania 12.0 Australia 3.7 Comoros Jamaica Bulgaria 12.8 Japan 6.2 Democratic Republic of the Congo Paraguay Poland 13.9 Philippines 6.3 Equatorial Guinea Saint Kitts and Nevis Greece 14.6 Viet Nam 9.8 Eritrea Saint Lucia Malta 15.9 Republic of Korea 13.5 Ethiopia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Armenia 16.1 China 17.7 Gabon Suriname Cyprus 16.1 Brunei Darussalam Gambia Trinidad and Tobago Republic of Moldova 16.1 Cambodia Uruguay Ghana Albania 16.7 Cook Islands Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 18.4 Guinea-Bissau Portugal Fiji Georgia 29.2 Kenya Kiribati SEAR Andorra Lesotho Malaysia Sri Lanka 2.9 Austria Madagascar Marshall Islands Azerbaijan Thailand 3.4 Mali Micronesia (Federated States of) France Indonesia 3.6 Nauru Mauritania Germany New Zealand Mauritius Bangladesh 13.6 Iceland Niue Namibia India 17.3 Latvia Palau Sao Tome and Principe Monaco Nepal 27.4 Netherlands Papua New Guinea Seychelles Bhutan Norway Samoa Sierra Leone Democratic People's Republic of San Marino Singapore South Sudan Korea Sweden Solomon Islands Maldives Togo Switzerland Tonga Myanmar Uganda Turkmenistan Tuvalu Zimbabwe Timor-Leste Uzbekistan Vanuatu

38 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Indicator 3.9.1 Mortality due to air pollution MORTALITY DUE TO AIR POLLUTION SDG Target 3.9 By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contamination Indicator 3.9.1: Mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution

Age-standardized mortality rate attributed to household and ambient air pollution (per 100 000 population), 20161 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Mauritius 38.3 Canada 7.0 Finland 7.2 Bahrain 40.1 Seychelles 49.3 United States of America 13.3 Sweden 7.2 Qatar 47.4 Algeria 49.7 Uruguay 17.5 Norway 8.6 Morocco 49.1 Iceland 8.7 50.9 Gabon 76.0 Bahamas 19.9 Iran (Islamic Republic of) Costa Rica 23.3 France 9.7 Jordan 51.2 Kenya 78.1 Ecuador 24.5 Portugal² 9.8 Lebanon 51.4 South Africa 86.7 Spain 9.9 Chile 25.3 Oman 53.9 99.5 Cabo Verde Switzerland 10.1 Jamaica 25.4 United Arab Emirates 54.7 Botswana 101.3 Luxembourg 11.6 Panama 25.8 Tunisia 56.1 Mozambique 110.0 Ireland 11.9 Argentina 26.6 Libya 71.9 Malawi 115.0 Denmark 13.2 Antigua and Barbuda 29.9 Iraq 75.1 13.7 Angola 118.5 Netherlands Brazil 29.9 Syrian Arab Republic 75.2 United Kingdom 13.8 Rwanda 121.4 30.0 Saudi Arabia 83.7 Saint Lucia Italy 15.0 Zambia 127.2 Kuwait 103.8 Barbados 31.1 Austria 15.3 Congo 130.7 Egypt 108.9 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 34.6 Israel² 15.4 Djibouti 159.0 Zimbabwe 133.0 Mexico 36.7 Belgium 15.7 Pakistan 173.6 Swaziland 137.0 Colombia 37.0 Germany 16.0 Sudan 184.9 United Republic of Tanzania 139.0 Trinidad and Tobago 38.6 Cyprus 20.1 Yemen 194.2 Ethiopia 144.4 El Salvador 41.9 Malta 20.2 Slovenia 22.6 Afghanistan 211.1 Namibia 145.0 Dominican Republic 43.0 Estonia 25.0 Somalia 212.8 Uganda 155.7 Grenada 45.3 Greece 27.6 Madagascar 159.6 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 47.6 Czechia 29.6 WPR 49.5 160.7 Cuba Senegal Slovakia 33.5 New Zealand 7.2 Nicaragua 55.7 Sao Tome and Principe 162.4 Lithuania² 34.0 Australia 8.4 Suriname 56.7 Democratic Republic of the Congo 163.9 Croatia 35.5 Japan 11.9 Paraguay 57.5 South Sudan 165.1 Poland 37.9 Brunei Darussalam 13.3 60.7 Honduras 38.8 Mauritania 169.5 Hungary Republic of Korea 20.5 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 63.7 Latvia 41.3 Liberia 170.2 Singapore 25.9 Peru 63.9 Turkey² 46.6 Comoros 172.4 Malaysia 47.4 Belize 68.6 Russian Federation 49.4 Eritrea 173.7 Viet Nam 64.5 Guatemala 73.8 Armenia 54.8 Tonga 73.3 Lesotho 177.6 Guyana 107.8 Romania 59.3 Samoa 85.0 Equatorial Guinea 177.7 Haiti 184.3 Belarus 60.7 Fiji 99.0 Burundi 179.9 Dominica Bulgaria 61.8 62.5 China 112.7 Ghana 203.8 Saint Kitts and Nevis Serbia Kazakhstan 62.7 Vanuatu 135.6 Benin 205.0 Azerbaijan 63.9 Solomon Islands 137.0 Burkina Faso 206.2 SEAR Albania 68.0 140.2 25.6 Kiribati Cameroon 208.1 Maldives Ukraine 70.7 Cambodia 149.8 Thailand 61.5 Mali 209.1 78.3 Republic of Moldova Micronesia (Federated States of) 151.8 Central African Republic 211.9 Sri Lanka 79.8 Montenegro 78.6 Papua New Guinea 152.0 Guinea-Bissau 214.7 Indonesia 112.4 Turkmenistan 79.3 Mongolia 155.9 Gambia 237.0 Bosnia and Herzegovina 79.8 Bhutan 124.5 Philippines 185.2 81.1 Guinea 243.3 Uzbekistan Timor-Leste 139.8 Lao People's Democratic Republic 188.5 The formerThe f oYugoslavrmer Yu Republicgoslav R ofep Macedoniaublic of .. 82.2 Togo 249.6 Cook Islands Bangladesh 149.0 Georgia 101.8 Niger 251.8 Marshall Islands Myanmar 156.4 Kyrgyzstan 110.7 Côte d'Ivoire 269.1 Tajikistan 129.3 Nauru India² 184.3 Chad 280.1 Andorra Niue Nigeria 307.4 Nepal 193.8 Monaco Palau Democratic People's Republic of 207.2 San Marino Sierra Leone 324.1 Korea Tuvalu

1 Public health and environment [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/gho/phe/en/). WHO Member States with a population of less than 90 000 in 2016 were not included in the analysis. 2 Under country consultation as of May 2018.

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 39 Indicator 3.9.2 Mortality due to unsafe WASH services MORTALITY DUE TO UNSAFE WASH SERVICES SDG Target 3.9 By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contamination Indicator 3.9.2: Mortality rate attributed to unsafe water, unsafe sanitation and lack of hygiene (exposure to unsafe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for All (WASH) services)

Mortality rate attributed to exposure to unsafe WASH services (per 100 000 population), 20161 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Seychelles 0.2 Bahamas <0.1 Belarus <0.1 Bahrain <0.1 Mauritius 0.6 Antigua and Barbuda 0.1 Bosnia and Herzegovina <0.1 Kuwait <0.1 Algeria 1.9 Trinidad and Tobago 0.1 Estonia <0.1 Oman <0.1 Finland <0.1 <0.1 Cabo Verde 4.1 Barbados 0.2 Qatar Chile 0.2 Greece <0.1 Saudi Arabia <0.1 Sao Tome and Principe 11.4 United States of America 0.2 Ireland <0.1 United Arab Emirates <0.1 Botswana 11.8 Latvia <0.1 Grenada 0.3 Jordan 0.6 13.7 South Africa Lithuania <0.1 Argentina 0.4 Libya 0.6 Namibia 18.3 Luxembourg <0.1 Canada 0.4 Lebanon 0.8 Ghana 18.8 Malta <0.1 Uruguay 0.4 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 1.0 Rwanda 19.3 Montenegro <0.1 Ecuador 0.6 Tunisia 1.0 <0.1 Gabon 20.6 Poland Jamaica 0.6 Morocco 1.9 Republic of Moldova <0.1 Equatorial Guinea 22.3 0.6 Egypt 2.0 Saint Lucia Slovakia <0.1 Senegal 23.9 Iraq 3.0 Colombia 0.8 Slovenia <0.1 Zimbabwe 24.6 0.9 Syrian Arab Republic 3.7 Costa Rica The formerThe fo Yugoslavrmer Yu gRepublicoslav R ofep Macedoniaublic of .. <0.1 Yemen 10.2 Mozambique 27.6 Belize 1.0 Austria 0.1 Afghanistan 13.9 Swaziland 27.9 Brazil 1.0 Bulgaria 0.1 Sudan 17.3 Malawi 28.3 Cuba 1.0 Croatia 0.1 Pakistan 19.6 Gambia 29.7 Mexico 1.1 Iceland 0.1 Italy 0.1 Djibouti 31.3 Madagascar 30.2 Peru 1.3 Russian Federation 0.1 Somalia 86.6 Uganda 31.6 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 1.3 Switzerland 0.1 Zambia 34.9 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 1.4 Albania 0.2 WPR 1.5 35.3 Paraguay Guinea-Bissau Armenia 0.2 Australia <0.1 Panama 1.9 United Republic of Tanzania 38.4 Czechia 0.2 Brunei Darussalam <0.1 El Salvador 2.0 Mauritania 38.6 Georgia 0.2 Singapore <0.1 Suriname 2.0 Congo 38.7 Hungary 0.2 New Zealand 0.1 2.2 Dominican Republic 0.2 Liberia 41.5 Israel Japan 0.2 Nicaragua 2.2 Netherlands 0.2 Togo 41.6 Malaysia 0.4 Guyana 3.6 Norway 0.2 Ethiopia 43.7 China 0.6 Honduras 3.6 Portugal 0.2 Lesotho 44.4 Mongolia 1.3 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 5.6 Spain 0.2 Tonga 1.4 Guinea 44.6 Guatemala 6.3 Sweden 0.2 Samoa 1.5 Cameroon 45.2 Haiti 23.8 United Kingdom 0.2 Viet Nam 1.6 Eritrea 45.6 Dominica Belgium 0.3 0.3 Republic of Korea 1.8 Côte d'Ivoire 47.2 Saint Kitts and Nevis Cyprus Denmark 0.3 Fiji 2.9 Angola 48.8 France 0.3 Micronesia (Federated States of) 3.6 Burkina Faso 49.6 SEAR Turkey 0.3 4.2 0.3 Philippines Comoros 50.7 Maldives Ukraine 0.3 Solomon Islands 6.2 Sri Lanka 1.2 Kenya 51.2 0.4 Kazakhstan Cambodia 6.5 Democratic People's Republic of Benin 59.7 1.4 Romania 0.4 Korea Vanuatu 10.4 Democratic Republic of the Congo 59.8 Thailand 3.5 Uzbekistan 0.4 Lao People's Democratic Republic 11.3 South Sudan 63.3 Germany 0.6 Bhutan 4.0 Papua New Guinea 16.3 0.7 Burundi 65.4 Serbia Indonesia 7.1 Kiribati 16.7 Kyrgyzstan 0.8 Nigeria 68.6 Cook Islands Timor-Leste 9.9 Azerbaijan 1.1 Mali 70.7 Marshall Islands Bangladesh 11.9 Tajikistan 2.7 Niger 70.8 Turkmenistan 4.0 Nauru Myanmar 12.6 Sierra Leone 81.3 Andorra Niue Central African Republic 82.1 India 18.6 Monaco Palau Chad 101.0 Nepal 19.8 San Marino Tuvalu

40 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Indicator 3.9.3 Mortality due to unintentional poisoning MORTALITY DUE TO UNINTENTIONAL POISONING SDG Target 3.9 By 2030, substantially reduce the number of deaths and illnesses from hazardous chemicals and air, water and soil pollution and contamination Indicator 3.9.3: Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning

Mortality rate attributed to unintentional poisoning (per 100 000 population), 20161 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Mauritius 0.1 Bahamas 0.1 Cyprus 0.1 Bahrain 0.2 Cabo Verde 0.5 Barbados 0.2 Denmark 0.1 Egypt 0.2 Seychelles 0.6 Brazil 0.2 Israel 0.1 Kuwait 0.2 Luxembourg 0.1 0.3 Algeria 0.8 Chile 0.2 Lebanon El Salvador 0.2 Malta 0.1 United Arab Emirates 0.3 Gabon 0.9 Jamaica 0.2 Netherlands 0.1 Oman 0.4 Sao Tome and Principe 0.9 Switzerland 0.1 Saint Lucia 0.2 Qatar 0.4 1.1 Botswana Austria 0.2 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 0.2 Syrian Arab Republic 0.4 Congo 1.2 Belgium 0.2 Trinidad and Tobago 0.2 Iraq 0.5 South Africa 1.2 Croatia 0.2 Canada 0.3 Tunisia 0.5 Namibia 1.5 Finland 0.2 Costa Rica 0.3 Jordan 0.6 0.2 Ghana 1.7 Germany Cuba 0.3 Libya 0.6 Greece 0.2 Kenya 1.8 0.3 Morocco 0.6 Paraguay Iceland 0.2 Liberia 1.8 Saudi Arabia 0.7 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 0.3 Ireland 0.2 Equatorial Guinea 1.9 Afghanistan 1.2 Antigua and Barbuda 0.4 Norway 0.2 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 1.2 Gambia 1.9 Colombia 0.4 Poland 0.2 Pakistan 2.3 Mauritania 1.9 Dominican Republic 0.4 Spain 0.2 Djibouti 2.4 Malawi 2.0 Grenada 0.4 United Kingdom 0.2 Yemen 3.8 Guinea-Bissau 2.2 Honduras 0.4 Czechia 0.3 Hungary 0.3 Sudan 3.9 Zimbabwe 2.2 Mexico 0.4 Italy 0.3 Somalia 4.6 Senegal 2.3 Panama 0.4 Portugal 0.3 Comoros 2.4 Suriname 0.4 Serbia 0.3 WPR 0.4 2.4 Uruguay Rwanda Slovenia 0.3 Singapore 0.1 Belize 0.5 Togo 2.4 Turkey 0.3 Australia 0.2 Argentina 0.6 Angola 2.7 Albania 0.4 New Zealand 0.2 Ecuador 0.6 United Republic of Tanzania 2.7 Romania 0.4 Philippines 0.2 0.6 Nicaragua 0.4 Ethiopia 2.9 Slovakia Brunei Darussalam 0.3 Guyana 0.7 Sweden 0.4 Mozambique 2.9 Fiji 0.4 0.9 Peru The formerThe Yugoslav former Y Republicugoslav ofRe pMacedoniaublic of .. 0.4 Zambia 2.9 Japan 0.4 United States of America 0.9 Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.5 Burkina Faso 3.0 Malaysia 0.5 Guatemala 1.1 Estonia 0.5 Republic of Korea 0.5 Guinea 3.0 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 2.0 France 0.5 Samoa 0.5 Nigeria 3.0 Haiti 2.6 Montenegro 0.5 Cambodia 0.6 Cameroon 3.1 Dominica Armenia 0.6 0.6 Lao People's Democratic Republic 0.9 Lesotho 3.1 Saint Kitts and Nevis Azerbaijan Bulgaria 0.6 Solomon Islands 0.9 Central African Republic 3.2 Kyrgyzstan 0.6 Vanuatu 0.9 Democratic Republic of the Congo 3.2 SEAR Lithuania 0.7 0.9 0.0 Viet Nam Uganda 3.2 Maldives Turkmenistan 0.7 Micronesia (Federated States of) 1.0 Bangladesh 0.3 Madagascar 3.3 0.8 Georgia Tonga 1.3 Mali 3.3 Indonesia 0.4 Latvia 0.8 China 1.4 Swaziland 3.3 Nepal 0.4 Uzbekistan 1.0 Mongolia 1.6 Benin 3.5 Republic of Moldova 1.2 Sri Lanka 0.4 Papua New Guinea 1.7 1.2 Chad 3.6 Tajikistan Thailand 0.4 Kiribati 2.6 Russian Federation 1.7 Côte d'Ivoire 3.9 Cook Islands Timor-Leste 0.4 Kazakhstan 2.3 South Sudan 4.0 Marshall Islands Bhutan 0.6 Ukraine 2.5 Sierra Leone 4.1 Belarus 2.6 Nauru Myanmar 1.4 Eritrea 4.2 Andorra Niue Democratic People's Republic of 1.9 Niger 4.2 Korea Monaco Palau Burundi 5.2 India 2.4 San Marino Tuvalu

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 41 Indicator 3.a.1 Tobacco use TOBACCO USE SDG Target 3.a Strengthen the implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in all countries, as appropriate Indicator 3.a.1: Age-standardized prevalence of current tobacco use among persons aged 15 years and older

Age-standardized prevalence of tobacco smoking among persons 15 years and older, by sex, 20161 Data type: Comparable estimates

Female Male

AFR AMR EUR EMR Ghana Panama Iceland Oman Ethiopia Ecuador Denmark Iran (Islamic Republic of) Nigeria Colombia Sweden Djibouti Norway Eritrea Barbados Saudi Arabia Finland Qatar Benin Saint Kitts and Nevis Uzbekistan Yemen 29.2 Togo Canada United Kingdom Pakistan 36.7 Niger Costa Rica Slovenia Kuwait 37.0 Swaziland Brazil Ireland United Arab Emirates 37.4 El Salvador Luxembourg Cabo Verde Bahrain 37.6 Dominican Republic Netherlands 27.3 Senegal Iraq 39.3 Uruguay Italy 27.8 Uganda Lebanon 40.7 Switzerland 28.9 Liberia Bahamas Morocco 47.1 Portugal 30.0 Kenya Mexico Egypt 50.1 Malta 30.2 Rwanda Paraguay Tunisia 65.8 Austria 28.4 30.9 Haiti Afghanistan Mali Belgium 31.4 United States of America Jordan Comoros Spain 27.4 31.4 Argentina 27.7 Libya Burkina Faso Poland 33.1 Somalia Jamaica 28.6 Zambia Germany 28.2 33.1 Sudan Chile 34.2 41.5 Hungary 34.8 Malawi Syrian Arab Republic Suriname 42.9 Israel 35.4 United Republic of Tanzania France 30.1 35.6 Cuba 53.3 WPR Mozambique 29.1 Romania 37.1 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 67.3 Australia Algeria 30.4 Slovakia 37.7 Antigua and Barbuda New Zealand Zimbabwe 30.7 Andorra 29.0 37.8 Belize Niue Gambia 31.2 Lithuania 38.0 Dominica Palau South Africa 33.2 Czechia 30.5 38.3 Grenada Estonia 39.3 Singapore 28.3 Namibia 34.2 Guatemala Croatia 34.3 39.9 Cook Islands 29.8 Botswana 34.4 Guyana Serbia 37.7 40.2 Brunei Darussalam 30.9 Seychelles 35.7 Honduras Turkey 41.1 Cambodia 33.7 Mauritius 40.7 Nicaragua Azerbaijan 42.5 Japan 33.7 Sierra Leone 41.3 Kazakhstan 43.1 Peru Vanuatu 34.5 Congo 52.3 Bulgaria 30.1 44.4 Saint Lucia Fiji 34.8 Lesotho 53.9 Republic of Moldova 44.6 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Nauru 43.0 36.9 Angola Belarus 46.1 Trinidad and Tobago Samoa 38.1 Burundi Ukraine 47.4 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Philippines 40.8 Bosnia and Herzegovina 30.2 47.7 Cameroon Republic of Korea 40.9 Montenegro 44.0 47.9 Central African Republic Kyrgyzstan 50.5 Malaysia 42.4 Chad SEAR Latvia 51.0 Tonga 44.4 Côte d'Ivoire India Albania 51.2 Viet Nam 45.9 Democratic Republic Sri Lanka of the Congo Greece 35.3 52.0 Mongolia 46.5 Myanmar 35.2 Equatorial Guinea Armenia 52.1 China 48.4 Nepal 37.8 Cyprus 52.7 Gabon Papua New Guinea 48.8 Thailand 38.8 Georgia 55.5 Guinea Lao People's Democratic Republic 51.2 Bangladesh 44.7 Russian Federation 58.3 Guinea-Bissau Kiribati 35.9 58.9 Maldives 55.0 Monaco Madagascar Marshall Islands Indonesia 76.1 San Marino Mauritania Timor-Leste 78.1 Tajikistan Micronesia (Federated States of) Sao Tome and Principe Bhutan The former Yugoslav Republic Solomon Islands of Macedonia South Sudan Democratic People's Republic of Korea Turkmenistan Tuvalu

1 WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco smoking, 2nd edition. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018 (upcoming). Within each WHO region, countries are sorted in order of ascending prevalence among males.

42 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Indicator 3.b.1 Vaccine coverage VACCINE COVERAGE SDG Target 3.b Support the research and development of vaccines and medicines for the communicable and noncommunicable diseases that primarily affect developing countries, provide access to affordable essential medicines and vaccines, in accordance with the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health, which affirms the right of developing countries to use to the full the provisions in the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights regarding flexibilities to protect public health, and, in particular, provide access to medicines for all Indicator 3.b.1: Proportion of the target population covered by all vaccines included in their national programme

Measles-containing vaccine second-dose (MCV2) immunization coverage by the nationally recommended age (%), 20161 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Seychelles 99 Cuba 99 Hungary 99 Bahrain 99 Algeria 96 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 99 Kazakhstan 99 Jordan 99

Cabo Verde 95 Mexico 98 Turkmenistan 99 Morocco 99 Uzbekistan 99 99 Mauritius 92 Saint Kitts and Nevis 97 Oman Belize 96 Albania 98 United Arab Emirates 99 Rwanda 90 Guyana 94 Azerbaijan 98 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 98 Swaziland 89 Belarus 98 Dominica 92 Tunisia 97 Eritrea 85 Kyrgyzstan 98 Panama 92 Egypt 96 Lesotho 82 Armenia 97 Paraguay 92 Kuwait 96 Gambia 79 Israel 97 Uruguay 92 Libya 96 Sao Tome and Principe 76 Russian Federation 97 Argentina 88 Saudi Arabia 96 97 Ghana 75 Slovakia Saint Lucia 88 Qatar 92 Tajikistan 97 Senegal 75 87 Djibouti 82 Antigua and Barbuda Croatia 96 Botswana 74 Lebanon 75 Barbados 87 Iceland 95 Burundi 72 Sudan 69 Chile 87 Portugal 95 Iraq 64 United Republic of Tanzania 71 Colombia 87 Republic of Moldova 95 Pakistan 53 South Africa 70 Costa Rica 87 Spain 95 Syrian Arab Republic 52 Zimbabwe 63 El Salvador 87 Sweden 95 Yemen 49 Malawi 61 Canada 86 Poland 94 Czechia 93 Afghanistan 39 Zambia 58 Grenada 85 Germany 93 Somalia Mozambique 51 Jamaica 85 Slovenia 93 Burkina Faso 50 Ecuador 76 The formerThe f oYugoslavrmer Yu Republicgoslav R ofep Macedoniaublic of .. 93 WPR 74 50 Bahamas Sierra Leone Estonia 92 China 99 Brazil 72 Niger 37 Lithuania 92 Malaysia 99 Peru 66 Kenya 32 Netherlands 91 Niue 99 Guatemala 65 Angola 26 Norway 91 Brunei Darussalam 97 65 Trinidad and Tobago 90 Benin Andorra Republic of Korea 97 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 53 Serbia 90 Cameroon Nauru 96 Suriname 44 Austria 89 Central African Republic Palau 95 Haiti 26 Latvia 89 Chad Viet Nam 95 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Switzerland 89 Australia 94 Comoros Dominican Republic United Kingdom 89 Fiji 94 Congo Honduras Bulgaria 88 Japan 93 Côte d'Ivoire Nicaragua Cyprus 88 86 Tuvalu 92 Democratic Republic of the Congo United States of America Luxembourg Malta 86 Cook Islands 90 Equatorial Guinea Montenegro 86 Mongolia 90 Ethiopia SEAR Belgium 85 New Zealand 89 Gabon Maldives 99 Denmark 85 Singapore 88 Sri Lanka 99 Guinea 85 Finland Tonga 85 Democratic People's Republic of Guinea-Bissau 98 Georgia 85 Korea Kiribati 79 Liberia Thailand 95 Turkey 85 Micronesia (Federated States of) 74 Madagascar Greece 83 Bangladesh 93 Philippines 66 Mali Italy 83 Bhutan 90 Cambodia 58 France 79 Mauritania Marshall Islands 49 Myanmar 86 Bosnia and Herzegovina 78 Namibia Samoa 44 India 76 Romania 76 Nigeria San Marino 36 Lao People's Democratic Republic Indonesia 56 South Sudan Ukraine 31 Papua New Guinea 25 Togo Nepal Ireland Solomon Islands Uganda Timor-Leste 22 Monaco Vanuatu

1 The SDG indicator includes immunization coverage with diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-containing vaccine third-dose (DTP3), MCV2, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine third-dose (PcV3) and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. See Annex B for more data. Source: WHO/UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage [online database]. July 2017 revision (http://www. who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/routine/coverage/en/index4.html, accessed 30 March 2018).

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 43 Indicator 3.b.2 Development assistance for health DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE FOR HEALTH SDG Target 3.b Support the research and development of vaccines and medicines for the communicable and noncommunicable diseases that primarily affect developing countries, provide access to affordable essential medicines and vaccines, in accordance with the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement and Public Health, which affirms the right of developing countries to use to the full the provisions in the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights regarding flexibilities to protect public health, and, in particular, provide access to medicines for all Indicator 3.b.2: Total net official development assistance to the medical research and basic health sectors

Total net official development assistance to medical research and basic health sectors per capita (US$), by recipient country, 20161 Data type: Primary data Country income classificationIncome High Upper middle Lower middle Low Not applicable

AFR AMR EUR EMR Seychelles 34.17 Haiti 8.73 Bosnia and Herzegovina 9.93 Djibouti 11.73 Sao Tome and Principe 24.88 Armenia 5.03 Lebanon 5.84 Belize 8.41 Liberia 14.27 Republic of Moldova 3.48 Afghanistan 5.82 Saint Lucia 6.33 Tajikistan 3.07 3.52 Swaziland 13.21 Somalia Kyrgyzstan 2.91 Sudan 3.34 Gambia 12.72 Nicaragua 3.58 Georgia 2.23 Jordan 2.78 Malawi 12.64 Honduras 2.92 Montenegro 1.84 Yemen 2.44 Sierra Leone 11.30 1.79 Guyana 2.85 Uzbekistan Morocco 1.92 Guinea-Bissau 11.23 Turkmenistan 1.77 Pakistan 1.63 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 1.69 Zambia 10.75 Ukraine 1.46 Syrian Arab Republic 0.71 10.62 1.28 Albania 0.63 Central African Republic Guatemala Egypt 0.20 0.60 Burundi 9.57 Belarus Suriname 1.09 Tunisia 0.19 The Tformerhe fo rYugoslavmer Yug Republicoslav R eofp uMacedoniablic of .. 0.56 Burkina Faso 9.15 Iraq 0.13 Paraguay 0.89 Azerbaijan 0.39 Guinea 8.26 Libya 0.07 Kazakhstan 0.36 Comoros 8.21 El Salvador 0.77 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 0.03 Turkey 0.36 Bahrain Mozambique 8.10 Ecuador 0.50 Serbia 0.10 Mali 7.55 Kuwait Peru 0.48 Andorra Oman Rwanda 6.65 Austria Panama 0.46 Qatar Lesotho 6.61 Belgium Bulgaria Saudi Arabia Uganda 6.31 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 0.36 Croatia United Arab Emirates Senegal 5.36 Dominican Republic 0.24 Cyprus Democratic Republic of the Congo 5.27 Cuba 0.11 Czechia WPR 5.02 South Sudan Denmark Tuvalu 60.03 Colombia 0.07 Ghana 4.94 Estonia Tonga 45.41 Zimbabwe 4.94 Jamaica 0.04 Finland Nauru 43.29 France Togo 4.82 Brazil 0.03 Solomon Islands 26.32 United Republic of Tanzania 4.66 Germany Samoa 22.31 0.01 Argentina Greece Benin 4.39 Kiribati 9.95 Costa Rica 0.01 Hungary Côte d'Ivoire 4.23 Vanuatu 7.20 Iceland Chad 4.16 Mexico 0.01 Fiji 7.00 Ireland Mongolia 6.47 Madagascar 4.08 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 0.00 Israel Niue 6.01 Namibia 3.97 Italy Dominica Cook Islands 5.02 Ethiopia 3.53 Latvia Grenada Micronesia (Federated States of) 3.65 Niger 3.48 Lithuania Luxembourg Lao People's Democratic Republic 3.33 Kenya 3.36 SEAR Malta Cambodia 3.01 Nigeria 2.87 Timor-Leste 12.12 Monaco Papua New Guinea 2.92 Mauritania 2.53 Netherlands 2.72 2.78 Palau Eritrea 2.44 Myanmar Norway Marshall Islands 2.67 2.57 Botswana 2.36 Bhutan Poland Viet Nam 0.84 Gabon 2.25 Nepal 2.47 Portugal Philippines 0.73 Cameroon 2.22 Romania Maldives 1.29 China 0.11 Congo 1.65 Russian Federation Bangladesh 1.25 Malaysia 0.05 San Marino Angola 1.57 Australia Sri Lanka 0.98 Slovakia South Africa 1.55 Democratic People's Republic of Brunei Darussalam 0.90 Slovenia Equatorial Guinea 1.29 Korea Spain Japan Indonesia 0.51 Cabo Verde 0.92 Sweden New Zealand 0.37 Mauritius 0.28 Thailand Switzerland Republic of Korea Algeria 0.02 India 0.28 United Kingdom Singapore

1 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. OECD.Stat [online database]. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (http://stats.oecd.org/, accessed 19 January 2018). Income classification is based on the July 2017 World Bank list of economies (https://datahelpdesk.worldbank.org/knowledgebase/articles/906519-world-bank- country-and-lending-groups, accessed 19 January 2018).

44 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Indicator 3.c.1 Health workers HEALTH WORKERS SDG Target 3.c Substantially increase health financing and the recruitment, development, training and retention of the health workforce in developing countries, especially in least-developed countries and small-island developing States Indicator 3.c.1: Health worker density and distribution

Density of physicians and of nursing and midwifery personnel (per 1000 population), latest available data, 2007–20161 Data type: Primary data

Nursing and midwifery personnel Physicians 2012 or later Pre-2012 2012 or later Pre-2012 AFR AMR EUR EMR

Mauritius Cuba 8.0 7.5 Monaco 20.5 Jordan Algeria Uruguay San Marino 9.1 Kuwait Seychelles Argentina Greece Saudi Arabia Austria 8.3 South Africa United States of America Lebanon Georgia Libya Cabo Verde Canada 9.8 Portugal Qatar Gabon Bahamas Norway 17.8 Oman Botswana Mexico Lithuania 8.1 United Arab Emirates El Salvador Nigeria Switzerland 18.2 Syrian Arab Republic Brazil 7.4 Namibia Germany 13.8 Iran (Islamic Republic of) Kenya Trinidad and Tobago Sweden 11.9 Tunisia Belarus 11.4 Benin Colombia Pakistan Italy Swaziland Ecuador Bahrain Bulgaria Angola Panama Iraq Russian Federation 8.7 Côte d'Ivoire Dominican Republic Egypt Malta 9.1 Paraguay Morocco Madagascar Spain Costa Rica Sudan Mauritania Iceland 15.2 Yemen Congo Peru Andorra Chile Afghanistan Gambia Czechia 8.4 Djibouti Nicaragua Denmark 17.0 Ghana Somalia Guatemala Israel Uganda Democratic Republic Belize Netherlands 10.5 WPR of the Congo Slovakia Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Australia 12.6 Zambia Estonia Jamaica Mongolia Mali Azerbaijan Guyana New Zealand 11.1 Cameroon Kazakhstan 8.5 Saint Lucia Japan 11.2 Guinea-Bissau France 10.6 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Republic of Korea Zimbabwe Latvia Suriname Republic of Moldova Singapore Guinea Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Finland 15.0 Niue 9.8 Senegal Saint Kitts and Nevis Croatia China Rwanda Honduras Hungary Brunei Darussalam Togo Haiti Belgium 11.1 Malaysia Mozambique Ukraine Grenada Nauru Burkina Faso Ireland 12.4 Dominica Tuvalu Central African Republic Luxembourg 12.3 Barbados The former Yugoslav Republic Cook Islands Chad of Macedonia Antigua and Barbuda Palau United Kingdom 8.4 Ethiopia Fiji Slovenia 8.8 Sierra Leone Armenia Viet Nam Liberia SEAR Romania Tonga Maldives 8.2 United Republic of Tanzania Cyprus Democratic People's Republic Lao People's Democratic Republic Niger of Korea Serbia Marshall Islands Sri Lanka Malawi Uzbekistan 12.5 Samoa India Montenegro South Sudan Kiribati Nepal Turkmenistan Sao Tome and Principe Micronesia (Federated States of) Myanmar Poland Lesotho Solomon Islands Bangladesh Bosnia and Herzegovina Eritrea Vanuatu Thailand Kyrgyzstan Equatorial Guinea Bhutan Turkey Cambodia Comoros Indonesia Tajikistan Papua New Guinea Burundi Timor-Leste Albania Philippines

1 Latest available data for more cadres are presented in Annex B. Source: WHO Global Health Workforce Statistics [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://who.int/hrh/statistics/hwfstats/en/). Country comparisons are affected by differences in the occupations included in the cadre. Please refer to the source for country-specific definitions and other descriptive metadata. Within each WHO region, countries are sorted in order of descending physician density.

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 45 Indicator 3.d.1 IHR capacity and health emergency preparedness IHR CAPACITY AND HEALTH EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS SDG Target 3.d Strengthen the capacity of all countries, in particular developing countries, for early warning, risk reduction and management of national and global health risks Indicator 3.d.1: International Health Regulations (IHR) capacity and health emergency preparedness

International Health Regulations implementation: average of 13 core capacity scores, latest available data, 2010–20171 Data type : Other data

2012 or later Pre-2012 AFR AMR EUR EMR South Africa 91 Canada 100 Norway 99 Saudi Arabia 99 Côte d'Ivoire 87 United States of America 100 Russian Federation 99 United Arab Emirates 97

Seychelles 87 Cuba 99 Germany 97 Egypt 96 Cyprus 96 95 Ethiopia 79 Brazil 96 Morocco 94 Finland 96 Bahrain 93 Namibia 79 Mexico Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 94 Armenia 95 Oman 90 Liberia 76 Netherlands 95 El Salvador 93 Iraq 89 Algeria 75 Slovakia 95 Barbados 92 Kuwait 85 Angola 75 Spain 95 Nicaragua 91 Lebanon 80 Swaziland 75 Czechia 94 Guyana 89 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 76 Ghana 74 Sweden 93 Colombia 88 Qatar 76 91 Niger 74 Portugal Costa Rica 87 Jordan 72 Switzerland 91 Zimbabwe 72 Sudan 67 Uruguay 87 Belarus 90 Mauritius 71 Libya 64 Chile 84 Denmark 90 Sierra Leone 70 Syrian Arab Republic 64 Jamaica² 83 Italy 90 Tunisia 57 Mozambique 69 Ecuador 81 Latvia 90 Pakistan 51 United Republic of Tanzania 69 Bahamas 78 The formerThe fo Yugoslavrmer Yu gRepublicoslav R ofep Macedoniaublic of .. 90 Yemen 48 Rwanda 66 Paraguay 77 France 89 Afghanistan 42 Cabo Verde 65 Saint Lucia 77 Tajikistan 89 United Kingdom 89 Djibouti 33 Democratic Republic of the Congo 65 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 76 Luxembourg 88 Somalia 29 Togo 64 Panama 76 Turkey 88 Zambia 64 Suriname 72 Azerbaijan 84 WPR 62 Trinidad and Tobago 72 Lesotho Turkmenistan 84 Australia 100 Antigua and Barbuda 71 Guinea 59 Belgium 83 China 100 Argentina 70 Kenya 58 Uzbekistan 83 Japan 100 Honduras 70 Uganda 58 Hungary 82 Malaysia 100 Grenada 66 81 Cameroon 57 Monaco Singapore 99 Peru 66 Republic of Moldova 81 Malawi 56 Fiji 98 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 65 Malta 79 Guinea-Bissau 53 New Zealand 98 Dominica 62 Ireland 78 Gabon 52 Republic of Korea 98 Haiti 61 Kazakhstan 78 Nigeria 51 Viet Nam 95 Belize 55 Lithuania 77 91 Eritrea 49 Palau Dominican Republic 55 Slovenia 77 Mongolia 87 45 Greece 76 Burkina Faso Guatemala 55 Romania 76 Micronesia (Federated States of) 86 Chad 44 Saint Kitts and Nevis 52 Georgia 74 Cambodia 81 Senegal 44 Poland 74 Philippines 81 Madagascar 43 SEAR Iceland 72 Lao People's Democratic Republic² 75 Botswana 42 Indonesia 99 Croatia 71 Samoa 75 97 Mali 40 Thailand 71 Israel Tonga 74 Comoros 37 India 95 Estonia 70 Brunei Darussalam 67 South Sudan 34 Bulgaria 69 Bangladesh 78 Papua New Guinea 64 Mauritania 32 Austria 68 Sri Lanka 76 Niue 61 61 Congo 31 San Marino Kiribati 60 Bhutan 73 Bosnia and Herzegovina 58 Benin 30 Marshall Islands 57 Timor-Leste 72 Montenegro 56 Central African Republic 27 Democratic People's Republic of Solomon Islands 57 67 Kyrgyzstan 50 Equatorial Guinea 27 Korea Ukraine 49 Tuvalu 54 Maldives 63 Gambia 27 Albania 46 Cook Islands 43 Burundi 25 Myanmar 62 Serbia 44 Nauru 42 Sao Tome and Principe 16 Nepal 22 Andorra 29 Vanuatu 35

1 International Health Regulations (2005) Monitoring Framework [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/gho/ihr/en/). 2 Data refer to year 2016. Data for 2017 were submitted in a format that could not be included in the analysis.

46 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Indicator 1.a.2 Government spending on essential services, including health GOVERNMENT SPENDING ON ESSENTIAL SERVICES, INCLUDING HEALTH SDG Target 1.a Ensure significant mobilization of resources from a variety of sources, including through enhanced development cooperation, in order to provide adequate and predictable means for developing countries, in particular least-developed countries, to implement programmes and policies to end poverty in all its dimensions Indicator 1.a.2: Proportion of total government spending on essential services (education, health and social protection)

Domestic general government health expenditure (GGHE-D) as a percentage of general government expenditure (GGE) (%), 20151 Data type: Comparable estimate

AFR AMR EUR EMR Madagascar 15.6 United States of America 22.6 Switzerland 25.2 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 22.6 Swaziland 14.9 Uruguay 20.0 Germany 21.4 Sudan 18.1

South Africa 14.1 Chile 19.6 Netherlands 19.0 Lebanon 14.3 Andorra 18.5 13.6 Namibia 12.9 Canada 19.1 Tunisia El Salvador 19.1 United Kingdom 18.5 Jordan 12.4 Burundi 11.8 18.4 Costa Rica 18.8 Ireland Saudi Arabia 10.1 Cabo Verde 10.8 Sweden 18.4 Nicaragua 17.4 Bahrain 9.5 Malawi 10.8 Norway 17.5 Antigua and Barbuda 14.9 United Arab Emirates 8.0 Algeria 10.7 Iceland 16.4 Guatemala 14.9 Morocco 7.7 Sao Tome and Principe 10.7 Belgium 16.0 Peru 14.4 Oman 6.7 Gambia 10.6 Denmark 15.8 Bahamas 14.2 Qatar 6.3 15.3 Seychelles 10.0 France Jamaica 12.6 Kuwait 6.2 Austria 15.1 Mauritius 9.9 Egypt 4.2 Argentina 12.3 Bosnia and Herzegovina 14.9 Guinea-Bissau 9.5 Djibouti 4.1 Colombia 12.2 Spain 14.9 Lesotho 9.3 Pakistan 3.7 Honduras 11.3 Czechia 14.3 Yemen 2.2 Botswana 8.8 Mexico 11.3 San Marino 14.3 Afghanistan 2.0 Zimbabwe 8.1 Panama 11.3 Malta 14.2 Iraq 1.7 Sierra Leone 7.9 Belize 11.1 Italy 13.4 Libya United Republic of Tanzania 7.4 Ecuador 11.0 Finland 12.8 Slovenia 12.7 Somalia Burkina Faso 7.2 Paraguay 10.8 Portugal 12.3 Syrian Arab Republic Ghana 7.1 Dominica 10.6 Serbia 12.3 Gabon 7.0 Suriname 10.5 Estonia 12.2 WPR 10.0 6.8 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Zambia Lithuania 12.2 Marshall Islands 21.2 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 9.8 Chad 6.3 Republic of Moldova 12.2 Palau 13.1 Dominican Republic 9.5 Kenya 6.3 Luxembourg 12.1 Republic of Korea 12.9 Saint Lucia 8.5 Rwanda 6.2 The formerThe Yugoslav former Y Republicugoslav ofRe Macedoniapublic of .. 12.1 Tuvalu 12.1 Trinidad and Tobago 8.5 12.0 Ethiopia 6.0 Slovakia Singapore 12.0 Guyana 7.8 Croatia 11.7 Togo 5.7 Vanuatu 11.8 Brazil 7.7 Kazakhstan 10.9 Uganda 5.6 Samoa 11.5 Barbados 7.4 Romania 10.8 Mauritania 5.5 Solomon Islands 10.6 Grenada 7.4 Poland 10.7 Nigeria 5.3 China 10.1 Saint Kitts and Nevis 6.5 Georgia 10.5 Papua New Guinea 8.7 Côte d'Ivoire 5.0 Haiti 3.3 Bulgaria 10.3 10.1 Tonga 8.4 Democratic Republic of the Congo 5.0 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 3.1 Turkey Kyrgyzstan 9.9 Malaysia 8.3 Niger 4.6 Cuba Hungary 9.7 Viet Nam 7.9 Mali 4.5 Russian Federation 9.6 Philippines 7.4 Senegal 4.2 SEAR Albania 9.5 Fiji 7.2 Central African Republic 4.1 Maldives 22.8 Uzbekistan 9.3 Brunei Darussalam 6.4 Thailand 16.6 Comoros 3.8 9.1 Greece Kiribati 6.3 Angola 3.7 Bhutan 9.1 Latvia 8.9 Cambodia 6.1 Benin 3.4 Montenegro 8.8 Sri Lanka 7.9 Micronesia (Federated States of) 6.1 Cameroon 3.1 Turkmenistan 8.7 Indonesia 7.4 Mongolia 6.0 8.5 Congo 3.1 Belarus Nepal 5.5 Nauru 5.2 Ukraine 8.3 Guinea 2.7 Cook Islands 5.1 Myanmar 4.9 Monaco 8.1 Liberia 2.7 Lao People's Democratic Republic 3.8 Timor-Leste 4.2 Cyprus 7.1 Eritrea 1.8 Armenia 6.1 Niue 2.2 India 3.4 South Sudan 1.6 Tajikistan 6.1 Australia 2.8 Equatorial Guinea 1.3 Bangladesh Azerbaijan 4.1 Japan Democratic People's Republic of Israel Mozambique 1.2 Korea New Zealand

1 This indicator is presented here as it could constitute the health-related portion of the SDG indicator. Source: Global Health Expenditure Database [online database]. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://apps.who.int/nha/database/Select/Indicators/en, accessed 7 April 2018).

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 47 Indicator 2.2.1 Stunting among children STUNTING AMONG CHILDREN SDG Target 2.2 By 2030, end all forms of malnutrition, including achieving, by 2025, the internationally agreed targets on stunting and wasting in children under 5 years of age, and address the nutritional needs of adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women and older persons Indicator 2.2.1: Prevalence of stunting (height for age <-2 standard deviation from the median of the World Health Organization (WHO) Child Growth Standards) among children under 5 years of age

Prevalence of stunting among children under 5 years of age (%), latest available data, 2007–20161 Data type: Primary data

2012 or later Pre-2012 AFR AMR EUR EMR 1.8 4.9 Seychelles² 7.9 Chile The formerThe f oYugoslavrmer Yu Republicgoslav Rofe pMacedoniaublic of .. 4.9 Kuwait Algeria 11.7 United States of America 2.1 Serbia 6.0 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 6.8 Senegal 17.0 Saint Lucia 2.5 Republic of Moldova 6.4 Jordan 7.8 Kazakhstan 8.0 10.1 Sao Tome and Principe 17.2 Costa Rica 5.6 Tunisia 5.6 Bosnia and Herzegovina 8.9 Oman 14.1 Gabon 17.5 Paraguay Jamaica 6.2 Armenia 9.4 Morocco 14.9 Ghana 18.8 Montenegro 9.4 Brazil 7.1 Libya 21.0 21.2 Congo Turkey 9.5 Dominican Republic 7.1 Egypt 22.3 Côte d'Ivoire 21.6 Georgia 11.3 Barbados 7.7 Iraq 22.6 Namibia 23.1 Turkmenistan 11.5 Suriname 8.8 Somalia 25.3 Gambia 25.0 Kyrgyzstan 12.9 Uruguay² 10.7 Syrian Arab Republic 27.5 18.0 Swaziland 25.5 Azerbaijan Trinidad and Tobago 11.0 Djibouti 33.5 Albania 23.1 Kenya 26.0 Sudan 38.2 Guyana 12.0 Tajikistan 26.8 Equatorial Guinea 26.2 Afghanistan 40.9 Mexico 12.4 Andorra Zimbabwe 26.8 Pakistan 45.0 Colombia 12.7 Austria Yemen 46.5 Burkina Faso 27.3 Peru 13.1 Belarus Bahrain South Africa 27.4 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)² 13.4 Belgium Lebanon Togo 27.5 El Salvador 13.6 Bulgaria Qatar Guinea-Bissau 27.6 Belize 15.0 Croatia Cyprus Saudi Arabia Mauritania 27.9 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 16.1 Czechia United Arab Emirates Uganda 28.9 Nicaragua 17.3 Denmark Mali 30.4 Panama 19.1 Estonia WPR 31.1 Haiti 21.9 South Sudan Finland Australia² 2.0 Honduras 22.7 Botswana 31.4 France Republic of Korea² 2.5 Ecuador 23.9 Cameroon 31.7 Germany Samoa 4.7 Guatemala 46.5 Comoros 32.1 Greece Japan 7.1 Antigua and Barbuda Liberia 32.1 Hungary China² 8.1 Argentina Iceland Guinea 32.4 Tonga 8.1 Bahamas Ireland Lesotho 33.2 Tuvalu 10.0 Canada Israel Benin 34.0 Mongolia 10.8 Cuba Italy United Republic of Tanzania 34.4 Brunei Darussalam 19.7 Dominica Latvia 20.7 Rwanda 36.7 Malaysia Grenada Lithuania Nauru 24.0 37.1 Luxembourg Malawi Saint Kitts and Nevis Malta Viet Nam 24.6 Angola 37.6 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Monaco Vanuatu 28.5 Sierra Leone 37.9 Netherlands Solomon Islands 31.6 Ethiopia 38.4 SEAR Norway Cambodia 32.4 Chad 39.9 Thailand 10.5 Poland Philippines 33.4 Zambia 40.0 Sri Lanka 17.3 Portugal Lao People's Democratic Republic 43.8 Central African Republic 40.7 Maldives 20.3 Romania Papua New Guinea 49.5 Democratic People's Republic of Niger 42.2 27.9 Russian Federation Korea Cook Islands Democratic Republic of the Congo 42.6 San Marino Myanmar 29.2 Fiji Mozambique 43.1 Slovakia Kiribati Bhutan 33.6 Slovenia Nigeria 43.6 Marshall Islands Nepal 35.8 Spain Madagascar 49.2 Micronesia (Federated States of) Bangladesh 36.1 Sweden Eritrea 50.3 Switzerland New Zealand Indonesia 36.4 Burundi 55.9 Ukraine Niue Cabo Verde India 38.4 United Kingdom Palau Mauritius Timor-Leste 50.2 Uzbekistan Singapore

1 Levels and trends in child malnutrition. UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Group Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates. New York (NY), Geneva and Washington (DC): United Nations Children’s Fund, World Health Organization and the World Bank Group; 2018. 2 See Annex B for additional information on this value.

48 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Indicator 2.2.2 Wasting and overweight among children WASTING AND OVERWEIGHT AMONG CHILDREN SDG Target 2.2 By 2030, end all forms of malnutrition, including achieving, by 2025, the internationally agreed targets on stunting and wasting in children under 5 years of age, and address the nutritional needs of adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women and older persons Indicator 2.2.2: Prevalence of malnutrition (weight for height >+2 or <-2 standard deviation from the median of the WHO Child Growth Standards) among children under 5 years of age, by type (wasting and overweight)

Prevalence of wasting and of overweight in children under 5 years of age (%), latest available data, 2007–20161 Data type: Primary data Wasting Overweight 2012 or later Pre-2012 2012 or later Pre-2012 AFR AMR EUR EMR

Senegal Haiti Republic of Moldova Yemen 16.3 Burkina Faso Suriname Turkmenistan Somalia 15.0 Tajikistan 9.9 Sudan 16.3 Mauritania 14.8 Guatemala Kyrgyzstan Burundi Colombia Oman Kazakhstan 9.3 Jordan Côte d'Ivoire Mexico Turkey 10.9 Pakistan 10.5 Nigeria 10.8 Honduras The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 12.4 Afghanistan 9.5 Benin Guyana Azerbaijan 13.0 Kuwait² Central African Republic United States of America Armenia 13.6 Djibouti 21.5 8.1 Saint Lucia Serbia 13.9 Mali 13.5 Morocco 10.7 El Salvador Bosnia and Herzegovina 17.4 Eritrea 15.3 Iraq 11.8 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)² Georgia 19.9 Togo Tunisia 14.3 Montenegro 22.3 Guinea-Bissau Peru Egypt 9.5 15.7 Albania 9.4 23.4 Sao Tome and Principe Uruguay² Syrian Arab Republic 11.5 17.9 Andorra Brazil Libya 22.4 Chad 13.0 Austria Belize Iran (Islamic Republic of) Ghana Belarus Dominican Republic Bahrain Ethiopia 9.9 Belgium Ecuador Lebanon Niger 10.3 Bulgaria Qatar Costa Rica 8.1 Liberia Croatia Saudi Arabia Nicaragua 8.3 Cyprus Gambia 11.1 United Arab Emirates Jamaica 8.5 Czechia Angola Chile 9.3 Denmark United Republic of Tanzania WPR Estonia Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 10.1 Japan Uganda Finland Trinidad and Tobago 11.5 Lao People's Democratic Republic Guinea 8.1 France Barbados 12.2 Cambodia 9.6 Kenya Germany Paraguay 12.4 Nauru Namibia Greece Democratic Republic Panama Hungary Philippines of the Congo 8.1 Antigua and Barbuda Iceland Solomon Islands Malawi Argentina Ireland Vanuatu Zimbabwe Bahamas Israel Viet Nam Congo 8.2 Canada Italy Samoa South Sudan 22.7 Latvia Cuba Malaysia 11.5 Zambia Lithuania Dominica Tuvalu Cameroon Luxembourg Grenada China² Lesotho Malta Saint Kitts and Nevis Republic of Korea² Rwanda Monaco Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Netherlands Australia² Gabon Norway Brunei Darussalam 8.3 Mozambique Poland Mongolia 10.5 Sierra Leone 9.4 8.9 SEAR Portugal Papua New Guinea 14.3 13.8 Swaziland 9.0 Nepal 9.7 Romania Tonga 17.3 Myanmar Equatorial Guinea 9.7 Russian Federation Cook Islands Bangladesh 14.3 Seychelles² 10.2 San Marino Fiji Timor-Leste 11.0 Slovakia Comoros 11.1 10.9 Kiribati Sri Lanka 15.1 Slovenia Botswana 11.2 Marshall Islands India 21.0 Spain Algeria 12.4 Micronesia (Federated States of) Maldives 10.2 Sweden South Africa 13.3 New Zealand Bhutan Switzerland Cabo Verde Thailand 8.2 Ukraine Niue Madagascar Indonesia 13.5 11.5 United Kingdom Palau Mauritius Democratic People's Republic of Korea Uzbekistan Singapore

1 Levels and trends in child malnutrition. UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Group Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates. New York (NY), Geneva and Washington (DC): United Nations Children’s Fund, World Health Organization and the World Bank Group; 2018. Within each WHO region, countries are sorted in order of ascending overweight prevalence. 2 See Annex B for additional information on this value.

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 49 Indicator 6.1.1 Safely managed drinking-water services SAFELY MANAGED DRINKING-WATER SERVICES SDG Target 6.1 By 2030, achieve universal and equitable access to safe and affordable drinking water for all Indicator 6.1.1: Proportion of population using safely managed drinking-water services

Proportion of population using safely managed drinking-water services (%), 20151 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Côte d'Ivoire 46 United States of America 99 Cyprus 100 Kuwait 100 Congo 37 Chile 98 Malta 100 Bahrain 99

Ghana 27 Costa Rica 90 Monaco 100 Jordan 93 Netherlands 100 93 Nigeria 19 Ecuador 74 Tunisia Colombia 71 San Marino 100 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 91 Ethiopia 11 Guatemala 61 Austria 99 Oman 88 Uganda 6 Germany 99 Nicaragua 59 Morocco 69 Algeria Greece 99 Peru 50 Lebanon 48 Angola Ireland 99 Mexico 43 Pakistan 36 Benin Israel 99 Antigua and Barbuda Afghanistan Botswana Belgium 98 Argentina Djibouti Burkina Faso Czechia 98 Bahamas Egypt Iceland 98 Burundi Iraq Barbados Luxembourg 98 Cabo Verde Libya Belize Slovenia 98 Cameroon Qatar Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Spain 98 Saudi Arabia Central African Republic Brazil Sweden 98 Somalia Chad Canada Bulgaria 97 Sudan Comoros Cuba Denmark 97 Syrian Arab Republic Democratic Republic of the Congo Dominica Finland 97 United Kingdom 96 United Arab Emirates Equatorial Guinea Dominican Republic Norway 95 Yemen Eritrea El Salvador Portugal 95 Gabon Grenada Switzerland 95 WPR Guyana Gambia Belarus 94 New Zealand 100 Haiti Guinea Italy 94 Singapore 100 Honduras Guinea-Bissau Poland 94 Republic of Korea 98 Jamaica Kenya France 93 Japan 97 Panama 93 Lesotho Slovakia Niue 97 Paraguay Lithuania 92 Liberia Malaysia 92 Saint Kitts and Nevis Ukraine 92 Madagascar Cambodia 24 Saint Lucia Croatia 90 Malawi Australia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Montenegro 90 Brunei Darussalam Mali Suriname Bosnia and Herzegovina 89 China Mauritania Trinidad and Tobago Serbia 88 Cook Islands Mauritius Uruguay Turkmenistan 86 83 Fiji Mozambique Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) The formerThe Yugoslav former YRepublicugoslav ofRe Macedoniapublic of .. Estonia 82 Kiribati Namibia Hungary 82 Lao People's Democratic Republic Niger SEAR Latvia 82 Marshall Islands Rwanda Bangladesh 56 Romania 82 Micronesia (Federated States of) Sao Tome and Principe Bhutan 34 Russian Federation 76 Mongolia Senegal Nepal 27 Georgia 73 Nauru Seychelles Democratic People's Republic of Azerbaijan 72 Korea Palau Sierra Leone Republic of Moldova 70 India Papua New Guinea South Africa Albania 69 Indonesia Philippines Kyrgyzstan 66 South Sudan Samoa Maldives Armenia 61 Swaziland Solomon Islands Myanmar Tajikistan 47 Togo Andorra Tonga Sri Lanka United Republic of Tanzania Kazakhstan Tuvalu Zambia Thailand Turkey Vanuatu Zimbabwe Timor-Leste Uzbekistan Viet Nam

1 Progress on drinking water, sanitation and hygiene – 2017 update and SDG baselines. Geneva and New York (NY): World Health Organization and United Nations Children’s Fund; 2017 (https://washdata.org/sites/default/files/documents/reports/2018-01/JMP-2017-report-final.pdf, accessed 31 March 2018) and Water and sanitation [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/gho/mdg/environmental_sustainability/en/). Comparable estimates are only shown for countries with recent primary data.

50 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Indicator 6.2.1 Safely managed sanitation services SAFELY MANAGED SANITATION SERVICES SDG Target 6.2 By 2030, achieve access to adequate and equitable sanitation and hygiene for all and end open defecation, paying special attention to the needs of women and girls and those in vulnerable situations Indicator 6.2.1: Proportion of population using safely managed sanitation services, including a hand-washing facility with soap and water

Proportion of population using safely managed sanitation services (%), 20151 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Senegal 24 United States of America 89 Andorra 100 Kuwait 100 Algeria 19 Chile 85 Monaco 100 Bahrain 93

Niger 9 Canada 77 Switzerland 99 United Arab Emirates 93 United Kingdom 98 88 Angola Uruguay 64 Qatar Mexico 45 Austria 97 Saudi Arabia 84 Benin Ecuador 42 Belgium 97 Jordan 77 Botswana Netherlands 97 Brazil 39 Tunisia 73 Burkina Faso Spain 97 Cuba 31 Egypt 61 Burundi Germany 95 Peru 30 Morocco 38 Cabo Verde Italy 95 Argentina 26 Iraq 32 Cameroon Luxembourg 94 Colombia 20 Libya 26 Central African Republic Denmark 93 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 19 Lebanon 20 Estonia 93 Chad Somalia 14 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 19 Israel 93 Comoros Afghanistan Antigua and Barbuda Malta 93 Congo Djibouti Bahamas Finland 92 Iran (Islamic Republic of) Côte d'Ivoire Barbados France 92 Oman Democratic Republic of the Congo Belize Sweden 92 Pakistan Equatorial Guinea Costa Rica Czechia 91 Sudan Eritrea Dominica Slovakia 82 Latvia 78 Syrian Arab Republic Ethiopia Dominican Republic Norway 78 Yemen Gabon El Salvador San Marino 78 Gambia Grenada Poland 77 WPR Guatemala Ghana Belarus 76 Japan 100 Guyana Guinea Cyprus 76 Singapore 100 Haiti Guinea-Bissau Hungary 76 Republic of Korea 98 Honduras Kenya Slovenia 76 Malaysia 82 Jamaica 75 Lesotho Greece New Zealand 76 Nicaragua Bulgaria 74 Liberia Australia 74 Panama Ireland 70 Madagascar China 60 Paraguay Iceland 69 Malawi Palau 20 Saint Kitts and Nevis Albania 65 Tuvalu 9 Mali Saint Lucia Portugal 62 Brunei Darussalam Mauritania Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Lithuania 61 Cambodia Mauritius Suriname Croatia 60 57 Cook Islands Mozambique Trinidad and Tobago Romania Turkey 44 Fiji Namibia Serbia 24 Kiribati Nigeria SEAR Bosnia and Herzegovina 23 Lao People's Democratic Republic Rwanda Bangladesh Armenia Marshall Islands Sao Tome and Principe Bhutan Azerbaijan Micronesia (Federated States of) Democratic People's Republic of Seychelles Georgia Korea Mongolia Sierra Leone India Kazakhstan Nauru South Africa Kyrgyzstan Indonesia Niue South Sudan Montenegro Maldives Papua New Guinea Republic of Moldova Swaziland Philippines Myanmar Russian Federation Togo Samoa Nepal Tajikistan Uganda The formerThe Yugoslav former Y Republicugoslav ofRe pMacedoniaublic of .. Solomon Islands Sri Lanka United Republic of Tanzania Turkmenistan Tonga Zambia Thailand Ukraine Vanuatu Zimbabwe Timor-Leste Uzbekistan Viet Nam

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 51 Indicator 7.1.2 Clean household energy CLEAN HOUSEHOLD ENERGY SDG Target 7.1 By 2030, ensure universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services Indicator 7.1.2: Proportion of population with primary reliance on clean fuels and technology

Proportion of population with primary reliance on clean fuels (%), 20161 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Algeria 93 Antigua and Barbuda >95 Andorra² >95 Bahrain² >95 Mauritius 93 Argentina >95 Armenia >95 Egypt >95 Seychelles 90 Bahamas² >95 Austria² >95 Iran (Islamic Republic of) >95 Azerbaijan >95 >95 South Africa 85 Barbados >95 Iraq Brazil >95 Belarus >95 Jordan >95 Gabon 79 Canada² >95 Belgium² >95 Kuwait² >95 Cabo Verde 71 Cyprus² >95 Ecuador >95 Morocco >95 64 Botswana Czechia >95 Grenada >95 Oman >95 Swaziland 50 Denmark² >95 Saint Kitts and Nevis² >95 Qatar >95 Angola 48 Finland² >95 Saint Lucia >95 Saudi Arabia >95 Mauritania 47 France² >95 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines >95 Syrian Arab Republic >95 >95 Namibia 42 Germany² Trinidad and Tobago >95 Tunisia >95 Hungary² >95 Lesotho 36 >95 United Arab Emirates >95 United States of America² Iceland² >95 Equatorial Guinea 34 Yemen 65 Uruguay >95 Ireland² >95 Senegal 32 >95 Pakistan 43 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) IsIsraelrael² 2,3 ³ >95 Sudan 41 Zimbabwe 29 Costa Rica 93 Italy² >95 Afghanistan 32 Congo 24 Chile 92 Kazakhstan >95 Djibouti 12 Cameroon 23 Colombia 92 Latvia >95 Somalia <5 Ghana 22 Dominica 91 LiLithuaniathuania² 2,3 ³ >95 Luxembourg² >95 Lebanon Côte d'Ivoire 18 Dominican Republic 90 Malta² >95 Libya Sao Tome and Principe 17 Jamaica 90 Monaco² >95 Eritrea 16 Suriname 90 Netherlands² >95 WPR 89 16 Panama Zambia Norway² >95 Australia² >95 El Salvador 86 Kenya 13 Poland² >95 Brunei Darussalam² >95 Belize 85 Burkina Faso 9 PoPortugalrtugal² 2,3 ³ >95 Japan² >95 Mexico 85 Comoros 9 Russian Federation >95 Malaysia >95 80 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) >95 Togo 7 San Marino² New Zealand² >95 Cuba 79 Slovakia >95 Benin 6 Republic of Korea >95 Peru 75 Slovenia >95 Burundi <5 Singapore² >95 Guyana 74 Spain² >95 Central African Republic <5 Niue 93 Paraguay 66 Sweden² >95 Nauru 91 Chad <5 Honduras 53 Switzerland² >95 Palau 87 Democratic Republic of the Congo <5 Nicaragua 52 Turkmenistan >95 Cook Islands 84 Ethiopia <5 Guatemala 45 Ukraine >95 >95 Viet Nam 67 Gambia <5 Haiti <5 United Kingdom² Greece 94 Marshall Islands 65 Guinea <5 Croatia 93 China 59 Guinea-Bissau <5 SEAR Estonia 93 59 94 Tonga Liberia <5 Maldives Republic of Moldova 92 Tuvalu 50 Thailand 74 Madagascar <5 92 Uzbekistan Mongolia 43 Malawi <5 Indonesia 58 Bulgaria 89 Philippines 43 Mali <5 Bhutan 52 Romania 86 Fiji 40 Mozambique <5 Kyrgyzstan 81 India³ 41 Samoa 32 80 Niger <5 Tajikistan Nepal 28 Cambodia 18 Georgia 78 Nigeria <5 Papua New Guinea 13 Sri Lanka 26 Albania 77 Rwanda <5 Vanuatu 13 Bangladesh 18 Serbia 76 Sierra Leone <5 Montenegro 69 Micronesia (Federated States of) 12 Myanmar 18 South Sudan <5 The former Yugoslav Republic of .. 66 Solomon Islands 8 Democratic People's Republic of The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 11 Uganda <5 Korea Bosnia and Herzegovina 63 Kiribati 6 United Republic of Tanzania <5 Timor-Leste 7 Turkey Lao People's Democratic Republic 6

1 Public health and environment [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/gho/phe/en/). 2 For high-income countries with no information on clean fuel use, usage is assumed to be > 95%. 3 Under country consultation as of May 2018.

52 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Indicator 11.6.2 Air pollution AIR POLLUTION SDG Target 11.6 By 2030, reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying special attention to air quality and municipal and other waste management

Indicator 11.6.2: Annual mean levels of fine particulate matter (e.g. PM2.5 and PM10) in cities (population weighted)

3 1 Annual mean levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in urban areas (μg/m ), 2016 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Mauritius 13.5 Canada 6.7 Iceland 5.9 Somalia 28.0 Swaziland 16.2 United States of America 7.6 Sweden 6.1 Lebanon 30.7 Liberia 17.0 Uruguay 8.7 Finland 6.5 Morocco 31.1 Estonia 7.0 31.7 Mozambique 18.4 Argentina 11.7 Jordan Paraguay 11.7 Norway 7.8 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 34.4 Comoros 18.6 Brazil 11.8 Portugal² 8.1 Tunisia 35.7 Seychelles 18.6 Ireland 8.7 Panama 12.0 Oman 36.2 19.1 Zimbabwe Spain 9.8 Saint Kitts and Nevis 12.3 United Arab Emirates 37.2 Sierra Leone 20.6 Denmark 10.3 Dominican Republic 13.3 Syrian Arab Republic 37.4 Botswana 20.9 Luxembourg 10.4 Jamaica 13.6 Djibouti 41.0 Namibia 21.0 Switzerland 10.4 Haiti 14.7 Libya 41.7 10.6 Malawi 21.9 United Kingdom Ecuador 15.5 Yemen 44.3 Andorra 11.5 Guinea 22.2 16.7 Sudan 46.8 Costa Rica Germany 11.9 Madagascar 22.5 Pakistan 56.2 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 16.8 Netherlands 12.1 Zambia 23.8 Kuwait 58.9 Colombia 17.2 Monaco 12.2 Afghanistan 59.9 Côte d'Ivoire 23.9 Antigua and Barbuda 18.0 Lithuania² 12.3 Iraq 60.1 South Africa 24.3 Dominica 18.8 France 12.4 Bahrain 69.0 United Republic of Tanzania 25.1 Bahamas 19.0 Belgium 13.0 Egypt 79.6 Sao Tome and Principe 25.2 Nicaragua 19.0 Austria 13.1 San Marino 13.4 Saudi Arabia 86.7 Kenya 25.8 Belize 20.9 Malta 14.0 Qatar 91.7 Guinea-Bissau 26.5 Mexico 20.9 Latvia 14.4 Lesotho 28.1 Saint Lucia 21.2 Kazakhstan 14.5 WPR 21.4 28.4 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Angola Russian Federation 14.7 Brunei Darussalam 5.8 Honduras 21.5 Mali 29.0 Romania 15.4 New Zealand 5.8 Cuba 21.6 Benin 30.4 Czechia 15.6 Australia 7.3 Guyana 21.6 Ghana 31.1 Italy 15.7 Tonga 10.2 21.8 Grenada 16.3 Togo 31.2 Hungary Fiji 10.5 Barbados 22.4 Greece 16.4 Cabo Verde 31.6 Micronesia (Federated States of) 10.5 Trinidad and Tobago 22.4 Slovenia 16.4 Gambia 32.3 Kiribati 10.9 Chile 23.1 Republic of Moldova 16.5 Ethiopia 34.0 Samoa 10.9 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 23.3 Cyprus 17.1 Vanuatu 11.0 Algeria 34.5 El Salvador 23.8 Kyrgyzstan 17.4 Papua New Guinea 11.5 Burundi 35.6 Guatemala 24.2 Croatia 17.6 Solomon Islands 11.5 Burkina Faso 36.3 Suriname 25.8 Slovakia 18.0 18.2 Japan 11.8 Congo 36.4 Peru 29.0 Albania Azerbaijan 18.5 Palau 12.4 Democratic Republic of the Congo 37.4 Belarus 19.3 Nauru 12.5 Gabon 37.8 SEAR Montenegro 19.3 17.3 7.7 Malaysia Senegal 39.7 Maldives Israel² 19.4 Singapore 18.3 Sri Lanka 15.1 Rwanda 40.7 19.4 Ukraine Philippines 18.7 South Sudan 40.9 Indonesia 16.4 Bulgaria 20.8 Republic of Korea 24.7 Eritrea 41.1 Timor-Leste 18.2 Poland 21.5 Cambodia 24.9 Mauritania 41.7 Georgia 24.0 Thailand 26.6 Lao People's Democratic Republic 25.5 Turkmenistan 24.2 Nigeria 46.3 Democratic People's Republic of 31.0 Viet Nam 30.1 Korea Serbia 24.7 Uganda 48.7 Mongolia 49.5 Myanmar 34.6 Uzbekistan 28.9 Equatorial Guinea 49.1 China 51.0 Bhutan 35.4 Bosnia and Herzegovina 29.7 Chad 50.8 Armenia 32.9 Cook Islands Bangladesh 58.6 Central African Republic 51.2 The Tformerhe fo rYugoslavmer Yug Republicoslav R eofp uMacedoniablic of .. 33.0 Marshall Islands Cameroon 65.4 India² 68.0 Turkey 41.2 Niue Niger 73.0 Nepal 99.5 Tajikistan 42.8 Tuvalu

1 Public health and environment [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/gho/phe/en/). 2 Under country consultation as of May 2018.

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 53 Indicator 13.1.1 Mortality due to disasters MORTALITY DUE TO DISASTERS SDG Target 13.1 Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries Indicator 13.1.1: Number of deaths, missing persons and directly affected persons attributed to disasters per 100 000 population

Average death rate due to natural disasters (per 100 000 population), 2012–20161 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Cabo Verde 0.0 Antigua and Barbuda 0.0 Albania 0.0 Bahrain 0.0 Central African Republic 0.0 Bahamas 0.0 Armenia 0.0 Djibouti 0.0

Equatorial Guinea 0.0 Barbados 0.0 Azerbaijan 0.0 Egypt 0.0 Belarus 0.0 0.0 Eritrea 0.0 Belize 0.0 Jordan El Salvador 0.0 Cyprus 0.0 Lebanon 0.0 Ethiopia 0.0 Jamaica 0.0 Iceland 0.0 Oman 0.0 Gabon 0.0 Luxembourg 0.0 Suriname 0.0 Qatar 0.0 0.0 Guinea Montenegro 0.0 Trinidad and Tobago 0.0 Syrian Arab Republic 0.0 Guinea-Bissau 0.0 Turkmenistan 0.0 Argentina <0.1 Tunisia 0.0 Lesotho 0.0 Belgium <0.1 Brazil <0.1 United Arab Emirates 0.0 Liberia 0.0 Bulgaria <0.1 Canada <0.1 Iraq <0.1 <0.1 Namibia 0.0 Croatia Costa Rica <0.1 Kuwait <0.1 Czechia <0.1 Sao Tome and Principe 0.0 <0.1 Libya <0.1 Dominican Republic Denmark <0.1 Seychelles 0.0 Morocco <0.1 Guyana <0.1 Estonia <0.1 Sierra Leone 0.0 Saudi Arabia <0.1 Honduras <0.1 Finland <0.1 Sudan <0.1 Togo 0.0 Paraguay <0.1 France <0.1 Yemen <0.1 Zambia 0.0 Peru <0.1 Germany <0.1 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 0.1 Algeria <0.1 United States of America <0.1 Hungary <0.1 Pakistan 0.3 Angola <0.1 Uruguay <0.1 Ireland <0.1 Israel <0.1 Somalia 0.3 Benin <0.1 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) <0.1 Kazakhstan <0.1 Afghanistan 0.7 Burkina Faso <0.1 Chile 0.1 Latvia <0.1 Cameroon <0.1 Mexico 0.1 Malta <0.1 WPR 0.1 <0.1 Nicaragua Chad Netherlands <0.1 Brunei Darussalam 0.0 Grenada 0.2 Congo <0.1 Norway <0.1 Kiribati 0.0 Guatemala 0.2 Côte d'Ivoire <0.1 Poland <0.1 Mongolia 0.0 Colombia 0.3 Democratic Republic of the Congo <0.1 Portugal <0.1 Singapore 0.0 0.3 Cuba <0.1 Gambia <0.1 Republic of Moldova Tonga 0.0 Panama 0.3 Russian Federation <0.1 Kenya <0.1 Australia <0.1 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 0.4 Slovakia <0.1 Mali <0.1 China <0.1 Ecuador 0.6 Slovenia <0.1 Mauritania <0.1 Japan <0.1 Saint Lucia 0.7 Spain <0.1 Lao People's Democratic Republic <0.1 Nigeria <0.1 Haiti 1.3 Sweden <0.1 Malaysia <0.1 Rwanda <0.1 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2.2 Tajikistan <0.1 New Zealand <0.1 Senegal <0.1 Dominica The formerThe fo rYugoslavmer Yu gRepublicoslav R ofep Macedoniaublic of .. <0.1 <0.1 Republic of Korea <0.1 South Africa <0.1 Saint Kitts and Nevis Turkey Ukraine <0.1 Viet Nam <0.1 Uganda <0.1 United Kingdom <0.1 Papua New Guinea 0.2 United Republic of Tanzania <0.1 SEAR Uzbekistan <0.1 0.3 0.0 Cambodia Botswana 0.1 Bhutan Bosnia and Herzegovina 0.1 Fiji 0.4 Maldives 0.0 Comoros 0.1 0.1 Georgia Vanuatu 0.9 Burundi 0.2 Timor-Leste 0.0 Romania 0.1 Samoa 1.2 Ghana 0.2 Bangladesh <0.1 Serbia 0.1 Micronesia (Federated States of) 1.3 Madagascar 0.2 Austria 0.2 Indonesia <0.1 Solomon Islands 2.0 0.2 Malawi 0.2 Greece Myanmar <0.1 Philippines 2.1 Italy 0.2 Mauritius 0.2 Cook Islands Thailand <0.1 Switzerland 0.2 Mozambique 0.2 Marshall Islands India 0.2 Kyrgyzstan 0.3 Niger 0.2 Nauru Democratic People's Republic of Lithuania 0.4 0.3 Swaziland 0.2 Korea Andorra Niue Zimbabwe 0.2 Sri Lanka 0.3 Monaco Palau South Sudan 0.3 Nepal 7.0 San Marino Tuvalu

54 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Indicator 16.1.1 Homicide HOMICIDE SDG Target 16.1 Significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates everywhere Indicator 16.1.1: Number of victims of intentional homicide per 100 000 population, by sex and age

Mortality rate due to homicides (per 100 000 population), 20161 Data type: Comparable estimates

AFR AMR EUR EMR Malawi 1.5 Canada 1.5 Luxembourg 0.2 Bahrain 0.8 Mauritius 1.6 Antigua and Barbuda 1.8 Austria 0.5 Morocco 1.4

Mozambique 2.5 Chile 4.4 Switzerland 0.5 Tunisia 1.7 Norway 0.6 2.5 Equatorial Guinea 3.4 Cuba 5.5 Libya Argentina 6.2 Germany 0.7 Syrian Arab Republic 2.5 Algeria 4.2 Grenada 6.3 Netherlands 0.7 Kuwait 2.7 South Sudan 5.1 Slovenia 0.7 United States of America 6.5 Jordan 2.9 5.3 Kenya Spain 0.7 Uruguay 7.4 United Arab Emirates 3.8 Rwanda 5.5 Czechia 0.8 Paraguay 8.6 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 4.5 Benin 6.4 Denmark 0.8 Ecuador 9.3 Lebanon 4.5 Burundi 6.6 Ireland 0.8 Barbados 10.0 Egypt 4.8 0.8 Madagascar 6.9 Italy Suriname 10.0 Oman 5.2 France 0.9 Sao Tome and Principe 7.0 10.2 Somalia 5.6 Costa Rica Malta 0.9 United Republic of Tanzania 7.7 Yemen 6.1 Peru 11.6 Poland 0.9 Eritrea 7.8 Saudi Arabia 6.2 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 13.8 Belgium 1.0 Sudan 6.2 Ethiopia 7.8 Nicaragua 13.9 Croatia 1.0 Djibouti 6.8 Senegal 7.8 Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 14.1 Sweden 1.0 Afghanistan 7.4 Comoros 7.9 Saint Lucia 15.6 Greece 1.1 Qatar 7.4 Cabo Verde 8.2 Dominican Republic 16.8 Iceland 1.2 Portugal 1.2 Pakistan 9.6 Gabon 8.8 Mexico 16.9 Finland 1.3 Iraq 15.5 Guinea 8.9 Guyana 18.8 Hungary 1.3 Guinea-Bissau 9.2 Panama 20.5 Slovakia 1.3 WPR 25.8 9.3 Guatemala Gambia Tajikistan 1.3 Singapore 0.2 Haiti 28.0 Togo 9.3 United Kingdom 1.3 Japan 0.3 Belize 29.4 Chad 9.6 Cyprus 1.4 China 0.9 Bahamas 29.7 Ghana 9.7 The formerThe fo Yugoslavrmer Yu gRepublicoslav R ofep Macedoniaublic of .. 1.5 Australia 1.1 31.3 Brazil 1.6 Angola 9.8 Romania New Zealand 1.1 Jamaica 39.1 Serbia 1.6 Burkina Faso 9.8 Republic of Korea 1.3 Trinidad and Tobago 42.2 Bulgaria 1.7 Nigeria 9.8 Brunei Darussalam 2.0 Colombia 43.1 Israel 1.8 Seychelles 9.9 Cambodia 2.2 El Salvador 46.0 Uzbekistan 1.9 Fiji 2.5 Liberia 10.0 Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 49.2 Armenia 2.4 Vanuatu 2.5 Zambia 10.1 Honduras 55.5 Azerbaijan 2.4 Samoa 3.2 Congo 10.2 Dominica Montenegro 2.6 2.7 Viet Nam 3.8 Niger 10.4 Saint Kitts and Nevis Turkey Bosnia and Herzegovina 3.3 Malaysia 4.1 Mauritania 11.0 Estonia 3.7 Solomon Islands 4.3 Mali 11.3 SEAR Albania 4.2 4.6 1.7 Tonga Botswana 11.4 Bhutan Turkmenistan 4.2 Micronesia (Federated States of) 4.8 Bangladesh 2.9 Cameroon 11.6 4.6 Georgia Lao People's Democratic Republic 7.0 Côte d'Ivoire 12.1 Sri Lanka 3.0 Ukraine 4.6 Mongolia 8.9 Uganda 12.6 Nepal 3.3 Belarus 5.2 Kiribati 9.1 Sierra Leone 13.1 Republic of Moldova 5.3 Maldives 3.4 Papua New Guinea 10.2 5.8 Democratic Republic of the Congo 13.3 Kyrgyzstan India 4.1 Philippines 14.8 Lithuania 5.9 Central African Republic 13.8 Cook Islands Myanmar 4.1 Latvia 6.0 Zimbabwe 15.1 Democratic People's Republic of Marshall Islands 4.4 Kazakhstan 8.1 Namibia 18.3 Korea Russian Federation 11.3 Nauru Indonesia 4.5 Swaziland 20.0 Andorra Niue South Africa 33.1 Thailand 5.0 Monaco Palau Lesotho 35.0 Timor-Leste 5.1 San Marino Tuvalu

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 55 Indicator 16.1.2 Mortality due to conflicts MORTALITY DUE TO CONFLICTS SDG Target 16.1 Significantly reduce all forms of violence and related death rates everywhere Indicator 16.1.2: Conflict-related deaths per 100 000 population, by sex, age and cause

Estimated deaths from major conflicts (per 100 000 population), 2002–20161 Data type: Comparable estimates

2012-2016 Syrian Arab Republic 2007-2011 2002-2006

2012-2016 Iraq 2007-2011 2002-2006

2012-2016 Afghanistan 2007-2011 2002-2006

2012-2016 Central African Republic 2007-2011 2002-2006

2012-2016 Libya 2007-2011 2002-2006

2012-2016 Somalia 2007-2011 2002-2006

2012-2016 Yemen 2007-2011 2002-2006

2012-2016 South Sudan 2007-2011 2002-2006

2012-2016 Sudan 2007-2011 2002-2006

2012-2016 Pakistan 2007-2011 2002-2006

2012-2016 Ukraine 2007-2011 2002-2006

2012-2016 Chad 2007-2011 2002-2006

2012-2016 Burundi 2007-2011 2002-2006

2012-2016 Nepal 2007-2011 2002-2006

2012-2016 Sri Lanka 2007-2011 2002-2006

2012-2016 Liberia 2007-2011 2002-2006

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 Crude death rate (per 100 000 population)

1 Global Health Estimates 2016: Deaths by cause, age, sex, by country and by region, 2000–2016. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. Conflict deaths include deaths due to collective violence and exclude deaths due to legal intervention. WHO Member States with estimated conflict deaths exceeding 5 per 100 000 population in 2012–2016 or 10 per 100 000 population in earlier five-year periods. The death rate is an average over each five-year period. Horizontal lines represent 95% confidence intervals.

56 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 Indicator 17.19.2 Death registration DEATH REGISTRATION SDG Target 17.19 By 2030, build on existing initiatives to develop measurements of progress on sustainable development that complement gross domestic product, and support statistical capacity-building in developing countries Indicator 17.19.2: Proportion of countries that (a) have conducted at least one population and housing census in the last 10 years; and (b) have achieved 100 per cent birth registration and 80 per cent death registration

Completeness1 (%) and quality2 of cause-of-death data, 2007–2016 Data type: Comparable estimates

Quality High Medium Low Very low

AFR AMR EUR EMR Mauritius 98 Argentina 100 Andorra 100 Bahrain 96 Cabo Verde 92 Canada 100 Armenia 100 Egypt 94

South Africa 92 Cuba 100 Austria 100 Iran (Islamic Republic of) 88 Belarus 100 83 Seychelles 91 Dominica 100 Syrian Arab Republic³ Grenada 100 Belgium 100 Iraq³ 78 Algeria Guatemala 100 Bulgaria 100 Oman 73 Angola Croatia 100 Mexico 100 Jordan 59 Benin Czechia 100 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 100 Kuwait 59 Botswana Denmark 100 United States of America 100 United Arab Emirates³ 59 Burkina Faso Estonia 100 Uruguay 100 Qatar 55 Burundi Finland 100 Brazil 97 Saudi Arabia 42 Cameroon France 100 Chile 97 Morocco 29 Germany 100 Central African Republic Saint Lucia 94 Tunisia 29 Greece 100 Chad 92 Afghanistan El Salvador Hungary 100 Comoros Djibouti Panama 92 Iceland 100 Lebanon Congo Guyana 90 Ireland 100 Libya Côte d'Ivoire Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 89 Israel 100 Pakistan Democratic Republic of the Congo Jamaica³ 88 Italy 100 Somalia Equatorial Guinea Saint Kitts and Nevis 88 Latvia 100 Lithuania 100 Sudan Eritrea Antigua and Barbuda 87 Luxembourg 100 Yemen Ethiopia Costa Rica 87 100 Bahamas 86 Malta Gabon Monaco 100 WPR Belize 86 Gambia Netherlands 100 Australia 100 Trinidad and Tobago³ 84 Ghana Norway 100 Cook Islands 100 Ecuador 81 Guinea Poland 100 Fiji 100 Paraguay 80 Guinea-Bissau Portugal 100 Japan 100 Suriname 80 100 Kenya Romania New Zealand 100 Colombia 79 Russian Federation 100 Republic of Korea 100 Lesotho Barbados 78 San Marino 100 Liberia Brunei Darussalam 97 Nicaragua 78 Slovakia 100 Madagascar Palau 95 Dominican Republic 59 Slovenia 100 Philippines³ 89 Malawi Peru 57 Spain 100 Mongolia 84 Mali Honduras 14 Sweden 100 Singapore 68 Mauritania Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Switzerland 100 China 62 Mozambique Haiti The formerThe fo rYugoslavmer Yu gRepublicoslav R eofp Macedoniaublic of .. 100 United Kingdom 100 Kiribati 56 Namibia SEAR Kyrgyzstan 96 Malaysia 52 Niger Maldives³ 94 Azerbaijan³ 95 Cambodia Nigeria Serbia 95 85 Lao People's Democratic Republic Rwanda Thailand Montenegro³ 94 Marshall Islands 10 Sao Tome and Principe India³ Bosnia and Herzegovina 93 Micronesia (Federated States of) Senegal Bangladesh Ukraine 93 Nauru Sierra Leone Uzbekistan 93 Bhutan Niue South Sudan Democratic People's Republic of Georgia 90 Papua New Guinea Korea Turkey 89 Swaziland Samoa Indonesia Kazakhstan 87 Togo Solomon Islands Myanmar Tajikistan 87 Uganda Turkmenistan 85 Tonga Nepal United Republic of Tanzania Republic of Moldova 83 Tuvalu Zambia Sri Lanka Cyprus 74 Vanuatu Zimbabwe Timor-Leste Albania³ 55 Viet Nam

1 Figures shown for completeness refer to the latest available value for the period 2007–2016. Completeness was assessed relative to the de facto resident populations. Source: Global Health Estimates 2016: Deaths by cause, age, sex, by country and by region, 2000–2016. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. 2 Colours represent assessed data quality for the period 2007–2016. 3 Completeness refers to a year prior to 2012.

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 57

ANNEX B Tables of health-related SDG statistics by country, WHO region and globally

Explanatory notes

The statistics shown below represent official WHO statistics for selected health-related SDG indicators based on evidence available in early 2018. In addition, summary measures of health such as (healthy) life expectancy, and basic demographic and health-economic statistics, are included to provide a general indication of the situation.

These statistics have been compiled primarily from publications and databases produced and maintained by WHO or United Nations groups of which WHO is a member. A number of statistics have been derived from data produced and maintained by other international organizations. For each indicator, the source of the data series is provided. Member States may have more data than are available for global monitoring.

For the first time in the World Health Statistics series, the type of data used for each data series (comparable estimates, primary data or other data) is also provided. Please refer to Part 1 of this report for more information on these different data categories. It is important to note that comparable estimates are subject to considerable uncertainty, especially for countries where the availability and quality of the underlying primary data is limited. Uncertainty intervals and other details on the indicators and statistics presented here can be found online at the WHO Global Health Observatory.1

While every effort has been made to maximize the comparability of statistics across countries and over time, users are advised that data series based on primary data may differ in terms of the definitions, data-collection methods, population coverage and estimation methods used. For indicators with a reference period expressed as a range, country values refer to the latest available year in the range unless otherwise noted. Please refer to the accompanying footnotes for more details. In some cases, as SDG indicator definitions are being refined and baseline data are being collected, proxy indicators have been presented in this annex and have been clearly indicated as such through the use of accompanying footnotes.

Unless otherwise stated, the WHO regional and global aggregates for rates and ratios are weighted averages when relevant, while for absolute numbers they are the sums. For indicators with a reference period expressed as a range, aggregates are for a specific year or period as indicated in the accompanying footnotes. Some WHO regional and global aggregates may include country estimates that are not individually reported.

Changes in the values shown for indicators reported on in previous editions of the World Health Statistics series should not be assumed to accurately reflect underlying trends. This applies to all data types (comparable estimates, primary data and other data) and all reporting levels (country, regional and global). The data presented here may also differ from, and should not be regarded as, the official national statistics of individual WHO Member States.

Note: – indicates data not available or not applicable.

1 The Global Health Observatory (GHO) is WHO’s portal providing access to data and analyses for monitoring the global health situation. See: http://www.who.int/gho/en/, accessed 29 March 2018.

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 59 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5

Bolivia (Plurinational af Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 10 888 69.1 74.0 71.5 63.0 197 6.4 206 90 36.9 19.0 0.10 114 2.7 0.20 1 879 813 17.2 12.2 4.8 State of) Bosnia and Herzegovina 3 517 74.8 79.8 77.3 67.2 431 9.4 11 100 6.0 4.7 – 32 – 0.30 0 17.8 8.8 6.4 Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana 2 250 63.6 68.4 66.1 57.5 389 6.0 129 100 ag 40.6 25.5 5.52 326 2.4 0.19 261 950 20.3 9.3 8.4 Botswana Brazil 207 653 71.4 78.9 75.1 66.0 780 8.9 44 99 ag 15.1 7.8 0.24 42 6.7 0.07 10 461 013 16.6 6.5 7.8 Brazil Brunei Darussalam 423 75.3 77.6 76.4 67.9 812 2.6 23 100 af 9.9 4.4 – 66 – 0.34 9 240 16.6 4.6 0.4 Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria 7 131 71.4 78.4 74.8 66.4 572 8.2 11 100 7.6 3.8 0.03 27 – 0.31 272 23.6 11.5 12.7 Bulgaria Burkina Faso 18 646 59.6 60.9 60.3 52.9 33 5.4 371 80 84.6 25.6 0.19 51 423.3 4.29 12 492 287 21.7 7.7 8.2 Burkina Faso Burundi 10 524 58.5 61.8 60.1 52.6 24 8.2 712 85 71.7 24.2 0.20 118 156.2 2.59 5 898 120 22.9 9.1 7.5 Burundi Cabo Verde 540 71.1 75.0 73.2 64.5 146 4.8 42 91 21.4 10.2 0.31 137 0.7 0.71 145 562 17.2 11.3 5.7 Cabo Verde Cambodia 15 762 67.3 71.2 69.4 60.8 70 6.0 161 89 af 30.6 16.2 0.04 345 8.9 0.56 4 771 389 21.1 5.3 6.7 Cambodia Cameroon 23 439 56.7 59.4 58.1 51.1 64 5.1 596 65 79.7 23.9 1.39 203 271.3 1.90 19 389 766 21.6 12.2 8.9 Cameroon Canada 36 290 80.9 84.7 82.8 73.2 4 508 10.4 7 98 ag 4.9 3.2 – 5.2 – 1.03 0 9.8 12.5 8.9 Canada Central African Republic 4 595 51.7 54.4 53.0 44.9 17 4.8 882 40 123.6 42.3 1.80 407 311.6 6.62 3 756 993 23.1 7.7 3.3 Central African Republic Chad 14 453 53.1 55.4 54.3 47.2 36 4.6 856 20 127.3 35.1 0.34 153 167.6 3.08 6 138 675 23.9 8.8 1.5 Chad Chile 17 910 76.5 82.4 79.5 69.7 1 102 8.1 22 100 8.3 5.4 0.28 16 – 0.28 44 12.4 10.6 9.3 Chile China 1 411 415 75.0 77.9 76.4 68.7 426 5.3 27 100 af 9.9 5.1 – 64 <0.1 0.83 26 375 574 17.0 9.7 7.2 China Colombia 48 653 71.5 78.8 75.1 67.1 374 6.2 64 96 15.3 8.5 0.12 32 17.2 0.21 3 761 361 15.8 7.2 5.8 Colombia Comoros 796 62.3 65.5 63.9 56.6 59 8.0 335 82 73.3 32.8 <0.01 35 1.8 1.96 527 919 22.9 6.8 0.9 Comoros Congo 5 126 63.0 65.6 64.3 56.7 59 3.4 442 91 54.1 20.5 1.65 378 204.7 4.11 2 278 289 16.7 5.9 7.8 Congo Cook Islands 17 – – – – 461 2.7 – 100 af 7.8 4.1 – 13 – 0.22 0 – – 10.6 Cook Islands Costa Rica 4 857 77.0 82.2 79.6 70.9 929 8.1 25 90 8.8 5.7 0.19 9.5 <0.1 0.17 23 769 11.5 7.9 4.8 Costa Rica Côte d'Ivoire 23 696 53.6 55.7 54.6 48.3 75 5.4 645 74 91.8 36.6 0.86 153 223.2 3.04 16 756 532 29.1 14.5 8.4 Côte d'Ivoire Croatia 4 213 75.0 81.5 78.3 69.0 852 7.4 8 100 4.7 2.9 0.02 12 – 0.11 9 16.7 16.5 8.9 Croatia Cuba 11 476 76.8 81.3 79.0 69.9 826 10.9 39 100 ag 5.5 2.4 0.29 6.9 – 0.12 43 687 16.4 13.9 6.1 Cuba Cyprus 1 170 78.4 83.1 80.7 73.3 1 563 6.8 7 97 ag 2.6 1.4 – 5.6 – 0.60 0 11.3 5.3 10.8 Cyprus Czechia 10 611 76.2 82.1 79.2 69.3 1 284 7.3 4 100 ag 3.2 1.6 0.04 5 – 0.39 4 15.0 13.1 14.4 Czechia Democratic People's Democratic People's Republic of Korea 25 369 68.2 75.5 71.9 64.6 – – 82 100 20.0 10.7 – 513 0.5 0.53 5 214 937 25.6 11.2 3.9 Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of Democratic Republic of the Congo 78 736 58.9 62.0 60.5 52.5 20 4.3 693 80 94.3 28.8 0.17 323 291.9 1.43 49 900 757 19.4 5.7 2.6 the Congo Denmark 5 712 79.3 83.2 81.2 71.8 5 497 10.3 6 94 ag 4.4 3.2 – 6.1 – 0.79 0 11.3 12.8 10.4 Denmark Djibouti 942 62.2 65.5 63.8 56.6 82 4.4 229 87 af 64.2 32.8 0.58 335 9.6 0.64 110 561 19.6 6.7 0.5 Djibouti Dominica 74 – – – – 384 5.4 – 96 ag 34.0 24.0 – 7.8 – 0.39 7 473 – – 8.2 Dominica Dominican Republic 10 649 70.6 76.7 73.5 65.2 397 6.2 92 100 ag 30.7 20.8 0.24 60 0.3 0.34 970 832 19.0 9.9 6.9 Dominican Republic

60 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5

Democratic People's 100 Democratic People's Republic of Korea 25 369 68.2 75.5 71.9 64.6 – – 82 20.0 10.7 – 513 0.5 0.53 5 214 937 25.6 11.2 3.9 Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of Democratic Republic of the Congo 78 736 58.9 62.0 60.5 52.5 20 4.3 693 80 94.3 28.8 0.17 323 291.9 1.43 49 900 757 19.4 5.7 2.6 the Congo Denmark 5 712 79.3 83.2 81.2 71.8 5 497 10.3 6 94 ag 4.4 3.2 – 6.1 – 0.79 0 11.3 12.8 10.4 Denmark Djibouti 942 62.2 65.5 63.8 56.6 82 4.4 229 87 af 64.2 32.8 0.58 335 9.6 0.64 110 561 19.6 6.7 0.5 Djibouti Dominica 74 – – – – 384 5.4 – 96 ag 34.0 24.0 – 7.8 – 0.39 7 473 – – 8.2 Dominica Dominican Republic 10 649 70.6 76.7 73.5 65.2 397 6.2 92 100 ag 30.7 20.8 0.24 60 0.3 0.34 970 832 19.0 9.9 6.9 Dominican Republic

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 61 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5

ANNEX B Current health Probability expenditure Hepatitis B of dying Total alcohol Part 1 (CHE) as Proportion surface antigen Reported from any of per capita percentage Maternal of births New HIV Malaria (HBsAg) number CVD, cancer, Suicide (>= 15 Current health of gross mortality attended by Under-five Neonatal infectionsh Tuberculosis incidencej prevalence of people diabetes, CRD mortality years of age) e g g i c,m n Total Life expectancy at birthb,c (years) Healthy life expenditure domestic ratio (per skilled health mortality rate mortality rate (per 1000 incidence (per 1000 among children requiring between age rate (per consumption populationa expectancy at (CHE) per product 100 000 live personnelf (per 1000 live (per 1000 live uninfected (per 100 000 population at under 5 yearsk interventions 30 and exact 100 000 (litres of pure (000s) Male Female Both sexes birthb,c (years) capitad (US$) (GDP)d (%) births) (%) births) births) population) population) risk) (%) against NTDsl age 70c,m (%) population) alcohol) Data type Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable estimates Comparable estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates Primary data estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates Other data estimates estimates estimates Member State 2016 2016 2016 2015 2015 2015 2007–2017 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2015 2016 2016 2016 2016 Member State Ecuador 16 385 74.1 78.9 76.5 67.9 530 8.5 64 97 20.9 11.2 0.12 50 3.8 0.32 1 942 753 13.0 7.1 4.4 Ecuador Egypt 95 689 68.2 73.0 70.5 61.1 157 4.2 33 92 22.8 12.8 0.02 14 – 0.80 1 673 826 27.7 4.0 0.4 Egypt El Salvador 6 345 69.0 78.1 73.7 65.5 283 6.9 54 100 15.0 7.5 0.16 60 <0.1 0.57 742 568 14.0 13.7 3.7 El Salvador Equatorial Guinea 1 221 57.9 61.7 59.5 53.8 280 2.7 342 68 af 90.9 32.0 2.71 181 238.8 8.66 428 948 22.0 16.4 11.3 Equatorial Guinea Eritrea 4 955 62.9 67.1 65.0 57.4 31 3.3 501 34 44.5 17.7 0.15 74 17.2 0.74 1 497 725 23.9 7.9 1.3 Eritrea Estonia 1 312 73.0 82.1 77.8 68.2 1 112 6.5 9 99 ag 2.9 1.3 – 16 – 0.36 0 17.0 17.8 11.6 Estonia Ethiopia 102 403 63.7 67.3 65.5 57.5 24 4.0 353 28 af 58.4 27.6 0.33 177 53.1 2.61 74 204 513 18.3 7.2 2.8 Ethiopia Fiji 899 67.1 73.1 69.9 61.3 175 3.6 30 100 af 22.0 8.8 0.12 59 – 0.34 905 113 30.6 5.0 3.0 Fiji Finland 5 503 78.7 84.2 81.4 71.7 4 005 9.4 3 100 ag 2.3 1.2 – 4.7 – 1.05 4 10.2 15.9 10.7 Finland France 64 721 80.1 85.7 82.9 73.4 4 026 11.1 8 97 ag 3.9 2.4 0.09 7.7 – 0.01 49 10.6 17.7 12.6 France Gabon 1 980 64.8 68.2 66.4 58.7 198 2.7 291 89 af 47.4 21.8 0.92 485 206.2 4.16 694 499 14.4 7.1 11.5 Gabon Gambia 2 039 60.6 63.3 61.9 54.4 32 6.7 706 57 65.3 27.5 0.65 174 129.6 1.17 177 144 20.4 5.1 3.8 Gambia Georgia 3 925 68.3 76.8 72.6 64.9 281 7.9 36 100 10.7 7.1 0.28 92 0.0 0.26 412 310 24.9 8.2 9.8 Georgia Germany 81 915 78.7 83.3 81.0 71.6 4 592 11.2 6 99 ag 3.8 2.3 – 8.1 – 0.24 111 12.1 13.6 13.4 Germany Ghana 28 207 62.5 64.4 63.4 56.4 80 5.9 319 71 58.8 26.9 0.78 156 285.6 3.61 15 536 910 20.8 5.4 2.7 Ghana Greece 11 184 78.7 83.7 81.2 72.0 1 505 8.4 3 – 3.8 2.3 – 4.4 – 0.37 77 12.4 5.0 10.4 Greece Grenada 107 71.0 75.9 73.4 64.7 460 5.0 27 99 ag 16.0 8.3 – 6.4 – 0.47 151 21.4 1.7 9.3 Grenada Guatemala 16 582 70.4 76.0 73.2 64.2 224 5.7 88 66 28.5 14.0 0.18 24 0.8 0.05 3 265 661 14.9 2.7 2.4 Guatemala Guinea 12 396 59.4 60.2 59.8 52.2 25 4.5 679 72 af 89.0 25.1 0.67 176 386.5 7.47 7 246 135 22.4 6.3 1.3 Guinea Guinea–Bissau 1 816 58.4 61.2 59.8 51.7 39 6.9 549 45 af 88.1 38.2 0.72 374 73.0 2.12 1 576 882 20.0 4.0 4.8 Guinea–Bissau Guyana 773 63.6 69.0 66.2 58.3 184 4.5 229 86 32.4 20.0 0.77 93 77.7 0.95 720 459 30.5 29.2 6.3 Guyana Haiti 10 847 61.3 65.7 63.5 55.3 54 6.9 359 42 af 67.0 24.6 0.77 188 13.9 2.04 7 581 135 26.5 11.7 5.8 Haiti Honduras 9 113 72.9 77.5 75.2 66.8 177 7.6 129 83 18.7 10.4 0.11 40 1.7 0.25 2 752 416 14.0 2.9 4.0 Honduras Hungary 9 753 72.3 79.4 76.0 66.8 894 7.2 17 99 af 5.2 2.8 – 8.8 – 0.44 5 23.0 19.1 11.4 Hungary Iceland 332 80.9 83.9 82.4 73.0 4 375 8.6 3 98 ag 2.1 1.0 – 2.1 – 0.88 0 9.1 14.0 9.1 Iceland India 1 324 171 67.4 70.3 68.8 59.3 63 3.9 174 86 af 43.0 25.4 0.06 211 18.8 0.51 458 855 231 23.3 16.3 5.7 India Indonesia 261 115 67.3 71.4 69.3 61.7 112 3.3 126 93 26.4 13.7 0.19 391 9.2 1.07 101 813 236 26.4 3.4 0.8 Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) 80 277 74.6 76.9 75.7 65.4 366 7.6 25 99 af 15.1 9.6 0.06 14 0.2 0.02 0 14.8 4.1 1.0 Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq 37 203 67.5 72.2 69.8 59.0 154 3.4 50 70 ag 31.2 18.2 – 43 0.0 0.06 2 170 486 21.3 3.0 0.4 Iraq Ireland 4 726 79.7 83.4 81.5 72.1 4 757 7.8 8 100 ag 3.6 2.2 0.06 7.1 – 0.01 2 10.3 11.5 13.0 Ireland Israel 8 192 80.3 84.2 82.3 72.9 2 756 7.4 5 – 3.6 2.0 – 3.5 – 0.48 233 9.6 5.4 3.8 Israel Italy 59 430 80.5 84.9 82.8 73.2 2 700 9.0 4 100 ag 3.3 2.0 0.06 6.1 – 0.61 12 9.5 8.2 7.5 Italy Jamaica 2 881 73.6 78.5 76.0 66.9 294 5.9 89 99 af 15.3 10.9 0.63 4.5 – 0.16 347 536 14.7 2.2 4.2 Jamaica Japan 127 749 81.1 87.1 84.2 74.8 3 733 10.9 5 100 ag 2.7 0.9 – 16 – 1.95 5 8.4 18.5 8.0 Japan Jordan 9 456 72.7 76.0 74.3 66.4 257 6.3 58 100 17.6 10.6 <0.01 5.6 – 1.01 126 19.2 2.9 0.7 Jordan Kazakhstan 17 988 66.8 75.3 71.1 63.4 379 3.9 12 99 11.4 5.9 0.16 67 – 0.21 185 26.8 22.5 7.7 Kazakhstan Kenya 48 462 64.4 68.9 66.7 58.9 70 5.2 510 62 49.2 22.6 1.46 348 85.3 0.86 11 770 703 13.4 3.2 3.4 Kenya Kiribati 114 63.6 68.6 66.1 57.8 108 7.6 90 98 af 54.3 22.6 – 566 – 3.65 117 424 28.4 14.4 0.4 Kiribati Kuwait 4 053 73.9 76.0 74.8 66.3 1 169 4.0 4 100 ag 8.4 4.4 0.02 24 – 0.11 6 17.4 2.3 0.0 Kuwait Kyrgyzstan 5 956 67.7 75.2 71.4 63.5 92 8.2 76 98 21.1 11.6 0.13 145 0.0 0.50 113 625 24.9 8.3 6.2 Kyrgyzstan Lao People's Democratic Lao People's Democratic Republic 6 758 64.2 67.4 65.8 57.9 53 2.8 197 40 63.9 28.7 0.10 175 7.8 1.94 2 206 011 27.0 8.6 10.4 Republic Latvia 1 971 70.0 79.6 75.0 66.2 784 5.8 18 100 ag 4.6 2.4 0.23 37 – 0.51 11 21.9 21.2 12.9 Latvia Lebanon 6 007 75.1 77.7 76.3 66.1 645 7.4 15 – 8.1 4.7 0.02 12 – 0.21 1 17.9 3.3 1.5 Lebanon Lesotho 2 204 51.0 54.6 52.9 46.6 91 8.4 487 78 93.5 38.5 12.68 724 – 1.64 530 557 26.6 21.2 5.0 Lesotho Liberia 4 614 62.0 63.9 62.9 54.5 69 15.2 725 61 67.4 22.8 0.66 308 237.0 7.75 2 919 973 17.6 6.8 5.8 Liberia Libya 6 293 69.0 75.0 71.9 62.3 – – 9 100 af 12.9 7.1 – 40 – 0.27 1 20.1 5.2 0.0 Libya Lithuania 2 908 69.7 80.2 75.0 66.1 923 6.5 10 100 af 5.3 2.5 0.09 53 – 0.19 26 20.7 31.9 15.0 Lithuania Luxembourg 576 80.1 84.6 82.4 72.6 6 236 6.0 10 100 ag 2.4 1.5 0.18 5.8 – 0.24 0 10.0 13.5 13.0 Luxembourg Madagascar 24 895 64.6 67.6 66.1 58.3 21 5.2 353 44 46.4 18.6 0.18 237 64.4 4.36 18 863 123 22.9 3.9 1.9 Madagascar Malawi 18 092 61.4 66.8 64.2 56.2 34 9.3 634 90 af 55.1 23.1 2.29 159 249.1 3.03 11 435 030 16.4 3.7 3.7 Malawi Malaysia 31 187 73.2 77.6 75.3 66.6 386 4.0 40 99 af 8.3 4.4 0.19 92 0.2 0.17 120 318 17.2 5.5 0.9 Malaysia Maldives 428 77.2 79.9 78.4 69.8 944 11.5 68 96 8.5 4.8 – 49 – 0.19 1 937 13.4 2.3 2.7 Maldives Mali 17 995 57.5 58.4 58.0 50.7 42 5.8 587 44 110.6 35.7 0.33 56 459.7 4.88 18 605 778 24.6 4.8 1.3 Mali Malta 429 79.6 83.3 81.5 72.2 2 304 9.6 9 100 ag 6.8 4.6 0.06 13 – 0.39 1 10.8 7.5 8.1 Malta

62 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 63 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5

Micronesia (Federated af Micronesia (Federated States of) 105 68.4 70.8 69.6 61.1 395 13.1 100 100 33.3 17.2 – 177 – 0.89 70 736 26.1 11.1 2.5 States of) Monaco 38 – – – – 3 316 2.0 – – 3.4 1.8 – 0 – 0.20 0 – – – Monaco Mongolia 3 027 65.7 74.2 69.8 61.9 152 3.9 44 99 17.9 9.7 0.01 183 – 1.72 0 30.2 13.0 7.4 Mongolia Montenegro 629 74.4 79.2 76.8 68.1 382 6.0 7 99 3.8 2.4 0.11 16 – 0.65 6 20.6 10.3 8.0 Montenegro Morocco 35 277 74.8 77.0 76.0 65.3 160 5.5 121 74 27.1 17.8 0.03 103 – 0.45 25 12.4 2.9 0.6 Morocco Mozambique 28 829 57.7 62.3 60.1 52.2 28 5.4 489 54 af 71.3 27.1 3.63 551 307.8 3.67 23 920 538 18.4 4.9 2.4 Mozambique Myanmar 52 885 64.6 68.9 66.8 58.4 59 4.9 178 60 af 50.8 24.5 0.22 361 7.2 2.03 39 343 021 24.2 7.8 4.8 Myanmar Namibia 2 480 61.1 66.1 63.7 55.9 423 8.9 265 88 45.2 17.8 4.37 446 29.3 0.66 1 097 233 21.3 8.7 9.8 Namibia Nauru 11 – – – – 812 4.8 – 97 af 34.6 22.2 – 112 – 2.11 2 844 – – 6.0 Nauru Nepal 28 983 68.8 71.6 70.2 61.3 44 6.1 258 58 af 34.5 21.1 0.03 154 0.9 0.31 17 552 881 21.8 8.8 2.0 Nepal Netherlands 16 987 80.0 83.2 81.6 72.1 4 746 10.7 7 – 3.8 2.5 0.03 5.9 – 0.04 38 11.2 12.6 8.7 Netherlands New Zealand 4 661 80.5 84.0 82.2 72.8 3 554 9.3 11 96 ag 5.4 3.0 – 7.3 – 1.20 0 10.1 12.1 10.7 New Zealand Nicaragua 6 150 72.5 78.4 75.5 66.9 163 7.8 150 88 af 19.7 8.8 0.06 48 7.8 0.14 926 646 14.2 12.2 5.2 Nicaragua Niger 20 673 59.0 60.8 59.8 52.5 26 7.2 553 40 91.3 25.7 0.09 93 378.9 6.01 15 233 885 20.0 4.6 0.5 Niger Nigeria 185 990 54.7 55.7 55.2 48.9 97 3.6 814 43 104.3 34.1 1.23 219 349.6 2.61 128 936 746 22.5 9.5 13.4 Nigeria Niue 2 – – – – 867 6.3 – 100 af 22.2 11.6 – 20 – 0.24 1 – – 7.0 Niue Norway 5 255 80.6 84.3 82.5 73.0 7 464 10.0 5 99 ag 2.6 1.5 – 6.1 – 0.01 3 9.2 12.2 7.5 Norway Oman 4 425 75.3 79.5 77.0 65.6 636 3.8 17 100 af 10.7 5.2 – 9 – 0.44 0 17.8 3.9 0.8 Oman Pakistan 193 203 65.7 67.4 66.5 57.7 38 2.7 178 55 af 78.8 45.6 0.10 268 10.6 2.75 31 683 212 24.7 2.9 0.3 Pakistan Palau 22 – – – – 1 420 10.6 – 100 15.9 8.4 – 123 – 0.21 41 – – – Palau Panama 4 034 75.0 81.2 78.0 69.4 921 7.0 94 95 16.4 9.6 0.34 55 0.4 0.22 453 129 13.0 4.3 7.9 Panama Papua New Guinea 8 085 63.6 68.3 65.9 58.0 77 3.8 215 40 ag 54.3 23.5 0.37 432 179.4 2.24 6 528 722 30.0 6.0 1.2 Papua New Guinea Paraguay 6 725 72.4 76.1 74.2 65.3 321 7.8 132 96 19.9 11.1 0.20 42 0.0 0.65 790 833 17.5 9.5 7.2 Paraguay Peru 31 774 73.4 78.3 75.9 67.5 323 5.3 68 92 15.3 7.5 0.09 117 17.8 0.24 2 814 779 12.6 4.9 6.3 Peru Philippines 103 320 66.2 72.6 69.3 61.7 127 4.4 114 73 27.1 12.6 0.11 554 0.5 1.07 49 110 117 26.8 3.2 6.6 Philippines Poland 38 224 73.8 81.6 77.8 68.5 797 6.3 3 100 ag 4.7 2.8 – 18 – 0.04 64 18.7 16.2 11.6 Poland Portugal 10 372 78.3 84.5 81.5 72.0 1 722 9.0 10 99 ag 3.5 2.1 – 20 – 0.10 6 11.1 14.0 12.3 Portugal Qatar 2 570 77.3 79.9 78.1 68.6 2 030 3.1 13 100 8.5 4.1 0.02 23 – 0.20 36 15.3 6.6 2.0 Qatar Republic of Korea 50 792 79.5 85.6 82.7 73.0 2 013 7.4 11 100 ag 3.4 1.5 – 77 0.3 0.69 323 7.8 26.9 10.2 Republic of Korea Republic of Moldova 4 060 67.6 75.3 71.5 63.6 186 10.2 23 100 af 15.9 11.9 0.38 101 – 0.65 0 24.9 15.9 15.2 Republic of Moldova Romania 19 778 71.6 79.0 75.2 66.6 442 5.0 31 95 af 9.0 4.3 0.04 74 – 0.65 13 21.4 10.4 12.6 Romania Russian Federation 143 965 66.4 77.2 71.9 63.5 524 5.6 25 100 af 7.7 3.4 – 66 – 0.88 0 25.4 31.0 11.7 Russian Federation Rwanda 11 918 66.1 69.9 68.0 59.9 57 7.9 290 91 af 38.5 16.5 0.70 50 392.7 1.74 5 190 529 18.2 6.7 9.0 Rwanda Saint Kitts and Nevis 55 – – – – 907 5.6 – 100 af 9.3 5.9 – 0 – 0.38 136 – – 9.4 Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia 178 73.0 78.3 75.6 66.4 482 6.0 48 99 13.3 9.2 – 1.9 – 0.39 26 921 18.8 7.8 9.9 Saint Lucia

Saint Vincent and the af Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 110 69.4 74.9 72.0 63.4 284 4.2 45 99 16.6 10.3 – 6.3 – 0.42 89 23.2 2.4 8.2 Grenadines Samoa 195 72.0 78.4 75.1 66.0 223 5.6 51 82 af 17.3 9.2 – 7.7 – 1.05 61 325 20.6 4.4 2.5 Samoa San Marino 33 – – – – 3 243 6.8 – – 2.8 0.6 – 0 – 0.32 0 – – – San Marino Sao Tome and Principe 200 66.7 70.7 68.7 60.7 160 9.8 156 92 af 33.8 15.0 – 99 11.2 1.36 200 169 18.5 2.3 6.8 Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia 32 276 73.5 76.5 74.8 65.7 1 194 5.8 12 98 af 12.9 6.9 0.02 10 0.2 0.30 0 16.4 3.2 0.2 Saudi Arabia Senegal 15 412 64.7 68.7 66.8 58.8 36 4.0 315 59 47.1 20.6 0.08 140 49.0 3.48 11 635 621 18.1 6.0 0.7 Senegal Serbia 8 820 73.8 78.9 76.3 67.4 491 9.4 17 100 af 5.8 3.7 0.03 19 – 0.11 0 19.1 15.6 11.1 Serbia Seychelles 94 69.0 78.0 73.3 65.7 492 3.4 – 99 af 14.3 9.0 – 15 – 0.15 0 21.2 9.3 12.0 Seychelles Sierra Leone 7 396 52.5 53.8 53.1 47.6 107 18.3 1 360 60 113.5 33.2 0.86 304 303.5 8.18 7 651 657 30.5 9.7 5.7 Sierra Leone Singapore 5 622 80.8 85.0 82.9 76.2 2 280 4.3 10 100 ag 2.8 1.1 – 51 – 0.47 13 098 9.3 9.9 2.0 Singapore Slovakia 5 444 73.8 80.9 77.4 68.3 1 108 6.9 6 98 af 5.9 3.0 0.02 5.9 – 0.56 4 17.2 12.8 11.5 Slovakia Slovenia 2 078 78.0 83.7 80.9 70.5 1 772 8.5 9 100 ag 2.3 1.3 0.03 6.5 – 1.04 3 12.7 18.6 12.6 Slovenia Solomon Islands 599 69.7 72.7 71.1 61.9 152 8.0 114 86 af 25.8 10.4 – 84 144.8 2.93 518 106 23.8 4.7 1.4 Solomon Islands Somalia 14 318 53.7 57.3 55.4 50.0 – – 732 – 132.5 38.8 0.17 270 60.2 10.54 5 163 752 21.8 4.7 0.0 Somalia South Africa 56 015 60.2 67.0 63.6 55.7 471 8.2 138 97 43.3 12.4 5.58 781 1.1 1.74 6 784 419 26.2 11.6 9.3 South Africa

64 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 65 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5

The former Yugoslav af The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 2 081 73.8 78.0 75.9 67.1 295 6.1 8 100 12.2 8.3 0.02 16 – 0.20 5 20.3 7.9 8.1 Republic of Macedonia Timor–Leste 1 269 66.8 70.4 68.6 59.2 72 3.1 215 57 af 49.7 21.6 – 498 0.9 0.87 1 167 125 19.9 4.6 2.1 Timor–Leste Togo 7 606 59.7 61.5 60.6 53.9 37 6.6 368 45 75.7 26.0 0.59 46 360.4 3.36 6 328 077 23.6 9.6 3.1 Togo Tonga 107 70.5 76.4 73.4 64.3 221 5.9 124 96 16.4 6.8 – 8.6 – 2.35 37 131 23.3 3.5 1.5 Tonga Trinidad and Tobago 1 365 68.2 75.6 71.8 63.3 1 146 6.0 63 100 ag 18.5 12.6 0.29 18 – 0.43 19 498 21.3 13.6 8.4 Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia 11 403 74.1 78.1 76.0 66.3 258 6.7 62 74 13.6 8.1 0.03 38 – 0.76 6 082 16.1 3.4 1.9 Tunisia Turkey 79 512 73.3 79.4 76.4 66.0 455 4.1 16 97 af 12.7 6.5 – 18 0.0 0.32 1 497 16.1 7.3 2.0 Turkey Turkmenistan 5 663 64.7 71.7 68.2 61.4 405 6.3 42 100 51.0 22.3 – 60 – 0.23 52 29.5 6.7 5.4 Turkmenistan Tuvalu 11 – – – – 439 15.0 – 93 25.3 17.2 – 207 – 0.70 10 782 – – 1.7 Tuvalu Uganda 41 488 60.2 64.8 62.5 54.9 46 7.3 343 74 53.0 21.4 1.50 201 187.2 3.16 23 486 474 21.9 9.9 9.5 Uganda Ukraine 44 439 67.6 77.1 72.5 64.0 125 6.1 24 100 af 9.1 5.4 0.38 87 – 0.46 0 24.7 22.4 8.6 Ukraine United Arab Emirates 9 270 76.5 78.7 77.2 66.7 1 402 3.5 6 100 af 7.7 4.0 – 0.79 – 0.08 40 16.8 2.8 3.8 United Arab Emirates United Kingdom 65 789 79.7 83.2 81.4 71.9 4 356 9.9 9 – 4.3 2.6 – 9.9 – 0.22 5 10.9 8.9 11.4 United Kingdom

United Republic of af United Republic of Tanzania 55 572 62.0 65.8 63.9 56.5 32 6.1 398 64 56.7 21.7 1.19 287 144.2 1.69 25 008 679 17.9 5.4 9.4 Tanzania United States of America 322 180 76.0 81.0 78.5 68.5 9 536 16.8 14 99 6.5 3.7 – 3.1 – 0.04 932 14.6 15.3 9.8 United States of America Uruguay 3 444 73.2 80.8 77.1 68.8 1 281 9.2 15 100 9.2 5.0 0.15 29 – 0.35 1 340 16.7 18.4 10.8 Uruguay Uzbekistan 31 447 69.7 75.0 72.3 64.5 134 6.2 36 100 af 24.1 13.8 – 76 0.0 0.60 405 951 24.5 7.4 2.7 Uzbekistan Vanuatu 270 70.1 74.1 72.0 62.7 99 3.5 78 89 af 27.6 11.8 – 56 14.7 8.48 271 465 23.3 4.5 1.0 Vanuatu

Venezuela (Bolivarian ag Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 31 568 69.5 79.0 74.1 66.1 973 3.2 95 96 16.3 10.3 0.21 32 44.7 0.62 282 294 18.1 3.7 5.6 Republic of) Viet Nam 94 569 71.7 80.9 76.3 67.5 117 5.7 54 94 21.6 11.5 0.12 133 0.1 1.20 6 953 978 17.1 7.3 8.3 Viet Nam Yemen 27 584 63.9 66.8 65.3 55.1 72 6.0 385 45 af 55.3 26.8 0.04 48 30.5 2.54 5 985 649 30.6 8.5 0.1 Yemen Zambia 16 591 60.2 64.4 62.3 54.3 69 5.4 224 63 63.4 22.9 4.08 376 189.8 1.84 11 573 334 17.9 6.1 4.8 Zambia Zimbabwe 16 150 59.6 63.1 61.4 54.4 94 10.3 443 78 56.4 22.9 3.03 208 77.9 4.38 9 958 235 19.3 10.7 4.8 Zimbabwe

WHO region WHO region African Region 1 019 922 59.6 62.7 61.2 53.8 115 6.2 542 – 76.5 27.2 1.24 254 239.6 3.00 591 698 691 20.6 7.4 6.3 African Region Region of the Americas 992 155 73.8 79.8 76.8 67.5 974 6.9 52 – 14.2 7.5 0.16 27 11.3 0.20 49 500 544 15.1 9.8 8.0 Region of the Americas South-East Asia Region 1 947 632 67.9 71.3 69.5 60.4 176 4.6 164 – 38.9 22.6 0.08 240 16.5 0.70 671 797 672 23.1 13.2 4.5 South-East Asia Region European Region 916 315 74.2 80.8 77.5 68.4 2 192 7.9 16 – 9.6 5.1 0.25 32 0.0 0.40 2 821 690 16.7 15.4 9.8 European Region Eastern Mediterranean Eastern Mediterranean Region 664 336 67.7 70.7 69.1 59.7 557 5.3 166 – 51.7 27.7 0.06 114 20.5 1.60 85 715 716 22.0 3.9 0.6 Region Western Pacific Region 1 889 901 75.0 78.9 76.9 68.9 920 7.0 41 – 12.9 6.5 0.05 95 4.2 0.90 98 201 330 16.2 10.2 7.3 Western Pacific Region

Global 7 430 261 69.8 74.2 72.0 63.3 822 6.3 216 – 40.8 18.6 0.26 140 90.8 1.30 1 499 735 642 18.3 10.6 6.4 Global

66 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5

The former Yugoslav 100 af The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 2 081 73.8 78.0 75.9 67.1 295 6.1 8 12.2 8.3 0.02 16 – 0.20 5 20.3 7.9 8.1 Republic of Macedonia Timor–Leste 1 269 66.8 70.4 68.6 59.2 72 3.1 215 57 af 49.7 21.6 – 498 0.9 0.87 1 167 125 19.9 4.6 2.1 Timor–Leste Togo 7 606 59.7 61.5 60.6 53.9 37 6.6 368 45 75.7 26.0 0.59 46 360.4 3.36 6 328 077 23.6 9.6 3.1 Togo Tonga 107 70.5 76.4 73.4 64.3 221 5.9 124 96 16.4 6.8 – 8.6 – 2.35 37 131 23.3 3.5 1.5 Tonga Trinidad and Tobago 1 365 68.2 75.6 71.8 63.3 1 146 6.0 63 100 ag 18.5 12.6 0.29 18 – 0.43 19 498 21.3 13.6 8.4 Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia 11 403 74.1 78.1 76.0 66.3 258 6.7 62 74 13.6 8.1 0.03 38 – 0.76 6 082 16.1 3.4 1.9 Tunisia Turkey 79 512 73.3 79.4 76.4 66.0 455 4.1 16 97 af 12.7 6.5 – 18 0.0 0.32 1 497 16.1 7.3 2.0 Turkey Turkmenistan 5 663 64.7 71.7 68.2 61.4 405 6.3 42 100 51.0 22.3 – 60 – 0.23 52 29.5 6.7 5.4 Turkmenistan Tuvalu 11 – – – – 439 15.0 – 93 25.3 17.2 – 207 – 0.70 10 782 – – 1.7 Tuvalu Uganda 41 488 60.2 64.8 62.5 54.9 46 7.3 343 74 53.0 21.4 1.50 201 187.2 3.16 23 486 474 21.9 9.9 9.5 Uganda Ukraine 44 439 67.6 77.1 72.5 64.0 125 6.1 24 100 af 9.1 5.4 0.38 87 – 0.46 0 24.7 22.4 8.6 Ukraine United Arab Emirates 9 270 76.5 78.7 77.2 66.7 1 402 3.5 6 100 af 7.7 4.0 – 0.79 – 0.08 40 16.8 2.8 3.8 United Arab Emirates United Kingdom 65 789 79.7 83.2 81.4 71.9 4 356 9.9 9 – 4.3 2.6 – 9.9 – 0.22 5 10.9 8.9 11.4 United Kingdom

Global 7 430 261 69.8 74.2 72.0 63.3 822 6.3 216 – 40.8 18.6 0.26 140 90.8 1.30 1 499 735 642 18.3 10.6 6.4 Global

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 67 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.a 3.b.1 3.b.2 3.c 3.d Proportion ANNEX B of married Total net or in-union Measles- official Part 2 women of Age- Diphtheria- containing- development reproductive Population Population standardized tetanus- vaccine assistance age who have with household with household mortality rate Mortality rate Age-standardized pertussis second-dose Pneumococcal to medical their need expenditures expenditures attributed to attributed to Mortality prevalence of tobacco (DTP3) (MCV2) conjugate 3rd research and Density of Average of 13 for family Adolescent on health on health household exposure to rate from smoking among immunization immunization dose (PCV3) basic health nursing and Density of Density of International Road traffic planning birth rateq > 10% of total > 25% of total and ambient unsafe WASH unintentional coverage coverage by immunization per capitaw Density of midwifery dentistry pharmaceutical Health o c,t c,t c,m persons 15 years x x x x mortality rate satisfied (per 1000 UHC service household household air pollution services poisoning and olderu (%) among the nationally coverage (US$), by physicians personnel personnel personnel Regulations (per 100 000 with modern women aged coverage expenditure or expenditure or (per 100 000 (per 100 000 (per 100 000 1-year-oldsv recommended among 1-year recipient (per 1000 (per 1000 (per 1000 (per 1000 core capacity population) methodsp (%) 15–19 years) indexr incomes (%) incomes (%) population) population) population) Male Female (%) agev (%) oldsv (%) country population) population) population) population) scoresy Data type Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable estimates Primary data Primary data estimates Primary data Primary data estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates Primary data Primary data Primary data Primary data Primary data Other data Member State 2013 2007–2017 2007–2016 2015 2007–2015 2007–2015 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2010–2017 Member State Afghanistan 15.5 42.1 87.0 34 4.8 0.1 211.1 13.9 1.2 – – 65 39 65 5.82 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.0 42 Afghanistan Albania 15.1 12.9 18.9 62 16.7 5.0 68.0 0.2 0.4 51.2 7.1 98 98 98 0.63 1.3 – – 0.8 46 Albania Algeria 23.8 77.2 aj 9.0 76 – – 49.7 1.9 0.8 30.4 0.7 91 96 61 0.02 1.2 1.9 0.3 0.2 75 Algeria Andorra 7.6 – – – – – – – – 37.8 29.0 98 90 92 – 3.7 4.4 0.9 1.2 29 Andorra Angola 26.9 24.2 163.0 36 12.4 4.5 118.5 48.8 2.7 – – 64 26 58 1.57 0.1 1.4 – – 75 Angola Antigua and Barbuda 6.7 – – 75 – – 29.9 0.1 0.4 – – 99 87 – – – – – – 71 Antigua and Barbuda Argentina 13.6 – 65.5 76 – – 26.6 0.4 0.6 27.7 16.2 92 88 82 0.01 3.9 4.2 – – 70 Argentina Armenia 18.3 40.2 24.3 67 16.1 4.9 54.8 0.2 0.6 52.1 1.5 94 97 94 5.03 2.8 5.4 0.4 0.0 95 Armenia Australia 5.4 – 11.9 ≥80 3.7 0.5 8.4 <0.1 0.2 16.5 13.0 94 94 94 – 3.5 12.6 0.6 0.8 100 Australia Austria 5.4 – 7.6 ≥80 – – 15.3 0.1 0.2 30.9 28.4 87 89 – – 5.2 8.3 0.6 0.7 68 Austria Azerbaijan 10.0 – 52.8 64 – – 63.9 1.1 0.6 42.5 0.3 97 98 97 0.39 3.4 6.9 0.3 0.2 84 Azerbaijan Bahamas 13.8 – 32.0 72 – – 19.9 <0.1 0.1 20.4 3.1 94 74 94 – 2.3 4.0 0.4 0.8 78 Bahamas Bahrain 8.0 – 14.3 72 – – 40.1 <0.1 0.2 37.6 5.8 99 99 99 – 0.9 2.5 0.2 0.2 93 Bahrain Bangladesh 13.6 72.5 78.0 46 13.6 4.8 149.0 11.9 0.3 44.7 1.0 97 93 97 1.25 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.6 78 Bangladesh Barbados 6.7 70.0 aj 49.7 79 – – 31.1 0.2 0.2 14.5 1.9 97 87 96 – – – – – 92 Barbados Belarus 13.7 74.2 aj 20.4 74 4.4 0.1 60.7 <0.1 2.6 46.1 10.5 98 98 – 0.60 4.1 11.4 0.6 0.3 90 Belarus Belgium 6.7 – 6.6 ≥80 11.4 1.4 15.7 0.3 0.2 31.4 25.1 98 85 94 – 3.0 11.1 0.7 1.2 83 Belgium Belize 24.4 65.9 74.0 61 – – 68.6 1.0 0.5 – – 95 96 – 8.41 0.8 1.8 0.0 0.4 55 Belize Benin 27.7 24.5 94.0 41 – – 205.0 59.7 3.5 12.3 0.6 82 – 75 4.39 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.0 30 Benin Bhutan 15.1 84.6 aj 28.4 59 – – 124.5 4.0 0.6 – – 98 90 – 2.57 0.4 1.5 0.1 0.0 73 Bhutan Bolivia (Plurinational Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 23.2 42.8 71.0 60 – – 63.7 5.6 2.0 67.3 10.5 99 – 97 1.69 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.1 76 State of) Bosnia and Herzegovina 17.7 21.9 aj 10.7 57 8.6 1.3 79.8 <0.1 0.5 47.7 30.2 78 78 – 9.93 1.9 5.9 0.2 0.1 58 Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana 23.6 – 37.5 60 – – 101.3 11.8 1.1 34.4 5.7 95 74 95 2.36 0.4 2.7 0.1 0.2 42 Botswana Brazil 23.4 89.3 60.8 77 25.6 3.5 29.9 1.0 0.2 17.9 10.1 86 72 94 0.03 1.9 7.4 1.2 0.7 96 Brazil Brunei Darussalam 8.0 – 11.4 ≥80 – – 13.3 <0.1 0.3 30.9 2.0 99 97 – – 1.7 6.5 0.4 0.2 67 Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria 8.3 – 39.4 64 12.8 0.8 61.8 0.1 0.6 44.4 30.1 92 88 90 – 4.0 5.3 1.0 – 69 Bulgaria Burkina Faso 30.0 45.0 122.0 39 3.5 0.6 206.2 49.6 3.0 23.9 1.6 91 50 91 9.15 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 45 Burkina Faso Burundi 31.3 39.3 ai 58.0 43 – – 179.9 65.4 5.2 – – 94 72 94 9.57 – – – 0.0 25 Burundi Cabo Verde 26.1 – 80.0 62 2.0 0.0 99.5 4.1 0.5 16.5 2.1 96 95 – 0.92 0.8 1.3 0.0 0.0 65 Cabo Verde Cambodia 17.4 56.4 57.0 55 – – 149.8 6.5 0.6 33.7 2.0 90 58 87 3.01 0.1 1.0 0.0 0.0 81 Cambodia Cameroon 27.6 40.1 119.0 44 10.8 3.0 208.1 45.2 3.1 – – 85 – 84 2.22 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 57 Cameroon Canada 6.0 – 11.1 ≥80 2.6 0.5 7.0 0.4 0.3 16.6 12.0 91 86 79 – 2.5 9.8 1.3 1.0 100 Canada Central African Republic 32.4 28.7 aj 229.0 33 – – 211.9 82.1 3.2 – – 47 – 47 10.62 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 27 Central African Republic Chad 24.1 17.5 179.0 29 – – 280.1 101.0 3.6 – – 46 – – 4.16 0.0 0.3 – 0.0 44 Chad Chile 12.4 – 44.7 70 – – 25.3 0.2 0.2 41.5 34.2 95 87 90 0.01 1.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 84 Chile China 18.8 – 9.2 76 17.7 4.8 112.7 0.6 1.4 48.4 1.9 99 99 – 0.11 1.8 2.3 – 0.3 100 China Colombia 16.8 86.5 71.6 76 16.9 2.8 37.0 0.8 0.4 13.5 4.7 91 87 89 0.07 1.8 1.1 1.0 – 88 Colombia Comoros 28.0 27.8 70.0 47 – – 172.4 50.7 2.4 23.6 4.4 91 – – 8.21 – – – – 37 Comoros Congo 26.4 38.5 147.0 38 2.0 0.4 130.7 38.7 1.2 52.3 1.7 80 – 80 1.65 0.1 0.9 – 0.0 31 Congo Cook Islands 24.2 – – – – – – – – 29.8 21.2 99 90 – 5.02 1.2 5.8 0.9 0.4 43 Cook Islands Costa Rica 13.9 89.1 aj – 75 10.1 1.8 23.3 0.9 0.3 17.4 6.4 97 87 94 0.01 1.1 0.8 0.1 0.2 87 Costa Rica Côte d'Ivoire 24.2 31.1 129.0 44 15.2 3.6 269.1 47.2 3.9 – – 85 – 83 4.23 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 87 Côte d'Ivoire Croatia 9.2 – 9.6 69 2.8 0.3 35.5 0.1 0.2 39.9 34.3 93 96 – – 3.1 6.5 0.9 0.7 71 Croatia Cuba 7.5 88.4 50.0 78 – – 49.5 1.0 0.3 53.3 17.1 99 99 – 0.11 7.5 8.0 1.8 0.3 99 Cuba Cyprus 5.2 – 4.9 73 16.1 1.5 20.1 0.3 0.1 52.7 19.6 97 88 81 – 2.5 4.1 0.7 0.2 96 Cyprus Czechia 6.1 – 11.6 73 2.2 0.0 29.6 0.2 0.3 38.3 30.5 96 93 – – 3.7 8.4 0.8 0.7 94 Czechia Democratic People's Democratic People's Republic of Korea 20.8 – 0.7 68 – – 207.2 1.4 1.9 – – 96 98 – 0.90 3.5 4.2 0.2 0.4 67 Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of Democratic Republic of the Congo 33.2 15.6 138.0 40 – – 163.9 59.8 3.2 – – 79 – 77 5.27 0.1 1.0 0.0 0.0 65 the Congo Denmark 3.5 – 3.4 ≥80 2.9 0.5 13.2 0.3 0.1 18.8 19.3 94 85 94 – 3.7 17.0 0.8 0.5 90 Denmark Djibouti 24.7 – 20.6 47 – – 159.0 31.3 2.4 24.5 1.7 84 82 82 11.73 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.2 33 Djibouti Dominica 15.3 – – – – – – – – – – 99 92 – – – – – – 62 Dominica Dominican Republic 29.3 84.1 ai 45.3 74 17.0 4.4 43.0 2.2 0.4 19.1 8.5 87 – 30 0.24 1.5 1.3 0.2 – 55 Dominican Republic

68 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.a 3.b.1 3.b.2 3.c 3.d Proportion ANNEX B of married Total net or in-union Measles- official Part 2 women of Age- Diphtheria- containing- development reproductive Population Population standardized tetanus- vaccine assistance age who have with household with household mortality rate Mortality rate Age-standardized pertussis second-dose Pneumococcal to medical their need expenditures expenditures attributed to attributed to Mortality prevalence of tobacco (DTP3) (MCV2) conjugate 3rd research and Density of Average of 13 for family Adolescent on health on health household exposure to rate from smoking among immunization immunization dose (PCV3) basic health nursing and Density of Density of International Road traffic planning birth rateq > 10% of total > 25% of total and ambient unsafe WASH unintentional coverage coverage by immunization per capitaw Density of midwifery dentistry pharmaceutical Health o c,t c,t c,m persons 15 years x x x x mortality rate satisfied (per 1000 UHC service household household air pollution services poisoning and olderu (%) among the nationally coverage (US$), by physicians personnel personnel personnel Regulations (per 100 000 with modern women aged coverage expenditure or expenditure or (per 100 000 (per 100 000 (per 100 000 1-year-oldsv recommended among 1-year recipient (per 1000 (per 1000 (per 1000 (per 1000 core capacity population) methodsp (%) 15–19 years) indexr incomes (%) incomes (%) population) population) population) Male Female (%) agev (%) oldsv (%) country population) population) population) population) scoresy Data type Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable estimates Primary data Primary data estimates Primary data Primary data estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates Primary data Primary data Primary data Primary data Primary data Other data Member State 2013 2007–2017 2007–2016 2015 2007–2015 2007–2015 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2010–2017 Member State Afghanistan 15.5 42.1 87.0 34 4.8 0.1 211.1 13.9 1.2 – – 65 39 65 5.82 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.0 42 Afghanistan Albania 15.1 12.9 18.9 62 16.7 5.0 68.0 0.2 0.4 51.2 7.1 98 98 98 0.63 1.3 – – 0.8 46 Albania Algeria 23.8 77.2 aj 9.0 76 – – 49.7 1.9 0.8 30.4 0.7 91 96 61 0.02 1.2 1.9 0.3 0.2 75 Algeria Andorra 7.6 – – – – – – – – 37.8 29.0 98 90 92 – 3.7 4.4 0.9 1.2 29 Andorra Angola 26.9 24.2 163.0 36 12.4 4.5 118.5 48.8 2.7 – – 64 26 58 1.57 0.1 1.4 – – 75 Angola Antigua and Barbuda 6.7 – – 75 – – 29.9 0.1 0.4 – – 99 87 – – – – – – 71 Antigua and Barbuda Argentina 13.6 – 65.5 76 – – 26.6 0.4 0.6 27.7 16.2 92 88 82 0.01 3.9 4.2 – – 70 Argentina Armenia 18.3 40.2 24.3 67 16.1 4.9 54.8 0.2 0.6 52.1 1.5 94 97 94 5.03 2.8 5.4 0.4 0.0 95 Armenia Australia 5.4 – 11.9 ≥80 3.7 0.5 8.4 <0.1 0.2 16.5 13.0 94 94 94 – 3.5 12.6 0.6 0.8 100 Australia Austria 5.4 – 7.6 ≥80 – – 15.3 0.1 0.2 30.9 28.4 87 89 – – 5.2 8.3 0.6 0.7 68 Austria Azerbaijan 10.0 – 52.8 64 – – 63.9 1.1 0.6 42.5 0.3 97 98 97 0.39 3.4 6.9 0.3 0.2 84 Azerbaijan Bahamas 13.8 – 32.0 72 – – 19.9 <0.1 0.1 20.4 3.1 94 74 94 – 2.3 4.0 0.4 0.8 78 Bahamas Bahrain 8.0 – 14.3 72 – – 40.1 <0.1 0.2 37.6 5.8 99 99 99 – 0.9 2.5 0.2 0.2 93 Bahrain Bangladesh 13.6 72.5 78.0 46 13.6 4.8 149.0 11.9 0.3 44.7 1.0 97 93 97 1.25 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.6 78 Bangladesh Barbados 6.7 70.0 aj 49.7 79 – – 31.1 0.2 0.2 14.5 1.9 97 87 96 – – – – – 92 Barbados Belarus 13.7 74.2 aj 20.4 74 4.4 0.1 60.7 <0.1 2.6 46.1 10.5 98 98 – 0.60 4.1 11.4 0.6 0.3 90 Belarus Belgium 6.7 – 6.6 ≥80 11.4 1.4 15.7 0.3 0.2 31.4 25.1 98 85 94 – 3.0 11.1 0.7 1.2 83 Belgium Belize 24.4 65.9 74.0 61 – – 68.6 1.0 0.5 – – 95 96 – 8.41 0.8 1.8 0.0 0.4 55 Belize Benin 27.7 24.5 94.0 41 – – 205.0 59.7 3.5 12.3 0.6 82 – 75 4.39 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.0 30 Benin Bhutan 15.1 84.6 aj 28.4 59 – – 124.5 4.0 0.6 – – 98 90 – 2.57 0.4 1.5 0.1 0.0 73 Bhutan Bolivia (Plurinational Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 23.2 42.8 71.0 60 – – 63.7 5.6 2.0 67.3 10.5 99 – 97 1.69 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.1 76 State of) Bosnia and Herzegovina 17.7 21.9 aj 10.7 57 8.6 1.3 79.8 <0.1 0.5 47.7 30.2 78 78 – 9.93 1.9 5.9 0.2 0.1 58 Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana 23.6 – 37.5 60 – – 101.3 11.8 1.1 34.4 5.7 95 74 95 2.36 0.4 2.7 0.1 0.2 42 Botswana Brazil 23.4 89.3 60.8 77 25.6 3.5 29.9 1.0 0.2 17.9 10.1 86 72 94 0.03 1.9 7.4 1.2 0.7 96 Brazil Brunei Darussalam 8.0 – 11.4 ≥80 – – 13.3 <0.1 0.3 30.9 2.0 99 97 – – 1.7 6.5 0.4 0.2 67 Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria 8.3 – 39.4 64 12.8 0.8 61.8 0.1 0.6 44.4 30.1 92 88 90 – 4.0 5.3 1.0 – 69 Bulgaria Burkina Faso 30.0 45.0 122.0 39 3.5 0.6 206.2 49.6 3.0 23.9 1.6 91 50 91 9.15 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 45 Burkina Faso Burundi 31.3 39.3 ai 58.0 43 – – 179.9 65.4 5.2 – – 94 72 94 9.57 – – – 0.0 25 Burundi Cabo Verde 26.1 – 80.0 62 2.0 0.0 99.5 4.1 0.5 16.5 2.1 96 95 – 0.92 0.8 1.3 0.0 0.0 65 Cabo Verde Cambodia 17.4 56.4 57.0 55 – – 149.8 6.5 0.6 33.7 2.0 90 58 87 3.01 0.1 1.0 0.0 0.0 81 Cambodia Cameroon 27.6 40.1 119.0 44 10.8 3.0 208.1 45.2 3.1 – – 85 – 84 2.22 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 57 Cameroon Canada 6.0 – 11.1 ≥80 2.6 0.5 7.0 0.4 0.3 16.6 12.0 91 86 79 – 2.5 9.8 1.3 1.0 100 Canada Central African Republic 32.4 28.7 aj 229.0 33 – – 211.9 82.1 3.2 – – 47 – 47 10.62 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 27 Central African Republic Chad 24.1 17.5 179.0 29 – – 280.1 101.0 3.6 – – 46 – – 4.16 0.0 0.3 – 0.0 44 Chad Chile 12.4 – 44.7 70 – – 25.3 0.2 0.2 41.5 34.2 95 87 90 0.01 1.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 84 Chile China 18.8 – 9.2 76 17.7 4.8 112.7 0.6 1.4 48.4 1.9 99 99 – 0.11 1.8 2.3 – 0.3 100 China Colombia 16.8 86.5 71.6 76 16.9 2.8 37.0 0.8 0.4 13.5 4.7 91 87 89 0.07 1.8 1.1 1.0 – 88 Colombia Comoros 28.0 27.8 70.0 47 – – 172.4 50.7 2.4 23.6 4.4 91 – – 8.21 – – – – 37 Comoros Congo 26.4 38.5 147.0 38 2.0 0.4 130.7 38.7 1.2 52.3 1.7 80 – 80 1.65 0.1 0.9 – 0.0 31 Congo Cook Islands 24.2 – – – – – – – – 29.8 21.2 99 90 – 5.02 1.2 5.8 0.9 0.4 43 Cook Islands Costa Rica 13.9 89.1 aj – 75 10.1 1.8 23.3 0.9 0.3 17.4 6.4 97 87 94 0.01 1.1 0.8 0.1 0.2 87 Costa Rica Côte d'Ivoire 24.2 31.1 129.0 44 15.2 3.6 269.1 47.2 3.9 – – 85 – 83 4.23 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 87 Côte d'Ivoire Croatia 9.2 – 9.6 69 2.8 0.3 35.5 0.1 0.2 39.9 34.3 93 96 – – 3.1 6.5 0.9 0.7 71 Croatia Cuba 7.5 88.4 50.0 78 – – 49.5 1.0 0.3 53.3 17.1 99 99 – 0.11 7.5 8.0 1.8 0.3 99 Cuba Cyprus 5.2 – 4.9 73 16.1 1.5 20.1 0.3 0.1 52.7 19.6 97 88 81 – 2.5 4.1 0.7 0.2 96 Cyprus Czechia 6.1 – 11.6 73 2.2 0.0 29.6 0.2 0.3 38.3 30.5 96 93 – – 3.7 8.4 0.8 0.7 94 Czechia Democratic People's Democratic People's Republic of Korea 20.8 – 0.7 68 – – 207.2 1.4 1.9 – – 96 98 – 0.90 3.5 4.2 0.2 0.4 67 Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of Democratic Republic of the Congo 33.2 15.6 138.0 40 – – 163.9 59.8 3.2 – – 79 – 77 5.27 0.1 1.0 0.0 0.0 65 the Congo Denmark 3.5 – 3.4 ≥80 2.9 0.5 13.2 0.3 0.1 18.8 19.3 94 85 94 – 3.7 17.0 0.8 0.5 90 Denmark Djibouti 24.7 – 20.6 47 – – 159.0 31.3 2.4 24.5 1.7 84 82 82 11.73 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.2 33 Djibouti Dominica 15.3 – – – – – – – – – – 99 92 – – – – – – 62 Dominica Dominican Republic 29.3 84.1 ai 45.3 74 17.0 4.4 43.0 2.2 0.4 19.1 8.5 87 – 30 0.24 1.5 1.3 0.2 – 55 Dominican Republic

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 69 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.a 3.b.1 3.b.2 3.c 3.d Proportion ANNEX B of married Total net or in-union Measles- official Part 2 women of Age- Diphtheria- containing- development reproductive Population Population standardized tetanus- vaccine assistance age who have with household with household mortality rate Mortality rate Age-standardized pertussis second-dose Pneumococcal to medical their need expenditures expenditures attributed to attributed to Mortality prevalence of tobacco (DTP3) (MCV2) conjugate 3rd research and Density of Average of 13 for family Adolescent on health on health household exposure to rate from smoking among immunization immunization dose (PCV3) basic health nursing and Density of Density of International Road traffic planning birth rateq > 10% of total > 25% of total and ambient unsafe WASH unintentional coverage coverage by immunization per capitaw Density of midwifery dentistry pharmaceutical Health o c,t c,t c,m persons 15 years x x x x mortality rate satisfied (per 1000 UHC service household household air pollution services poisoning and olderu (%) among the nationally coverage (US$), by physicians personnel personnel personnel Regulations (per 100 000 with modern women aged coverage expenditure or expenditure or (per 100 000 (per 100 000 (per 100 000 1-year-oldsv recommended among 1-year recipient (per 1000 (per 1000 (per 1000 (per 1000 core capacity population) methodsp (%) 15–19 years) indexr incomes (%) incomes (%) population) population) population) Male Female (%) agev (%) oldsv (%) country population) population) population) population) scoresy Data type Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable estimates Primary data Primary data estimates Primary data Primary data estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates Primary data Primary data Primary data Primary data Primary data Other data Member State 2013 2007–2017 2007–2016 2015 2007–2015 2007–2015 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2010–2017 Member State Ecuador 20.1 80.7 56.5 75 – – 24.5 0.6 0.6 12.3 2.0 83 76 84 0.50 1.7 2.1 0.3 0.1 81 Ecuador Egypt 12.8 80.0 56.0 68 26.2 3.9 108.9 2.0 0.2 50.1 0.2 95 96 – 0.20 0.8 1.4 0.2 0.3 96 Egypt El Salvador 21.1 81.9 69.2 77 – – 41.9 2.0 0.2 18.8 2.5 93 87 90 0.77 1.9 0.5 0.8 0.4 93 El Salvador Equatorial Guinea 22.9 20.5 176.0 45 – – 177.7 22.3 1.9 – – 19 – – 1.29 – – – – 27 Equatorial Guinea Eritrea 24.1 19.6 76.0 38 – – 173.7 45.6 4.2 11.4 0.2 95 85 95 2.44 – – – – 49 Eritrea Estonia 7.0 – 12.5 76 8.8 1.2 25.0 <0.1 0.5 39.3 24.5 93 92 – – 3.4 6.4 0.9 0.7 70 Estonia Ethiopia 25.3 59.4 80.0 39 – – 144.4 43.7 2.9 8.5 0.4 77 – 76 3.53 0.0 0.3 – 0.0 79 Ethiopia Fiji 5.8 – – 66 – – 99.0 2.9 0.4 34.8 10.2 99 94 99 7.00 0.8 2.9 0.3 0.1 98 Fiji Finland 4.8 – 6.2 79 6.3 1.0 7.2 <0.1 0.2 22.6 18.3 92 85 87 – 3.2 15.0 0.7 1.1 96 Finland France 5.1 – 9.2 ≥80 – – 9.7 0.3 0.5 35.6 30.1 97 79 91 – 3.2 10.6 0.7 1.1 89 France Gabon 22.9 33.7 91.0 52 – – 76.0 20.6 0.9 – – 75 – – 2.25 0.4 2.9 0.0 0.1 52 Gabon Gambia 29.4 23.9 88.0 46 – – 237.0 29.7 1.9 31.2 0.7 95 79 95 12.72 0.1 1.6 0.0 0.1 27 Gambia Georgia 11.8 – 47.9 66 29.2 9.0 101.8 0.2 0.8 55.5 5.3 92 85 75 2.23 4.8 4.0 0.5 0.1 74 Georgia Germany 4.3 – 7.8 79 – – 16.0 0.6 0.2 33.1 28.2 95 93 86 – 4.2 13.8 0.9 0.7 97 Germany Ghana 26.2 46.2 59.0 45 – – 203.8 18.8 1.7 7.7 0.3 93 75 93 4.94 0.1 0.9 0.0 0.1 74 Ghana Greece 9.1 – 8.0 70 14.6 1.8 27.6 <0.1 0.2 52.0 35.3 99 83 96 – 6.3 3.4 1.2 1.1 76 Greece Grenada 5.7 – – 72 – – 45.3 0.3 0.4 – – 96 85 – – – – – 0.8 66 Grenada Guatemala 19.0 65.6 92.0 57 1.4 0.0 73.8 6.3 1.1 – – 80 65 81 1.28 0.9 0.9 0.2 – 55 Guatemala Guinea 27.3 21.5 146.0 35 7.0 1.2 243.3 44.6 3.0 – – 57 – – 8.26 0.1 0.4 – 0.0 59 Guinea Guinea–Bissau 27.5 37.6 106.0 39 – – 214.7 35.3 2.2 – – 87 – 80 11.23 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.0 53 Guinea–Bissau Guyana 17.3 52.5 ai 74.0 68 – – 107.8 3.6 0.7 – – 97 94 92 2.85 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.1 89 Guyana Haiti 15.1 44.0 49.0 47 – – 184.3 23.8 2.6 23.1 2.9 58 26 – 8.73 – – – – 61 Haiti Honduras 17.4 76.0 101.0 64 – – 60.7 3.6 0.4 – – 97 – 97 2.92 – – – – 70 Honduras Hungary 7.7 – 22.8 70 7.4 0.3 38.8 0.2 0.3 34.8 26.8 99 99 98 – 3.1 6.6 0.6 0.7 82 Hungary Iceland 4.6 – 8.0 ≥80 – – 8.7 0.1 0.2 15.2 14.3 91 95 90 – 3.8 15.2 0.8 1.1 72 Iceland India 16.6 72.0 28.1 56 17.3 3.9 184.3 ak 18.6 2.4 20.6 1.9 88 76 – 0.28 0.8 2.1 0.1 0.6 95 India Indonesia 15.3 77.9 40.1 49 3.6 0.4 112.4 7.1 0.4 76.1 2.8 79 56 – 0.51 0.2 1.3 0.0 0.1 99 Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) 32.1 68.6 23.0 65 15.8 3.8 50.9 1.0 1.2 21.1 0.8 99 98 – 0.03 1.5 1.6 0.4 0.2 76 Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq 20.2 59.3 aj 82.0 63 – – 75.1 3.0 0.5 39.3 4.7 63 64 – 0.13 0.9 1.8 0.2 0.2 89 Iraq Ireland 4.1 – 8.6 78 6.4 0.7 11.9 <0.1 0.2 25.7 23.0 95 – 91 – 3.0 12.4 0.6 1.1 78 Ireland Israel 3.6 – 9.7 ≥80 6.7 0.9 15.4 ak 0.2 0.1 35.4 15.4 94 97 93 – 3.6 5.1 0.8 0.8 71 Israel Italy 6.1 – 5.1 ≥80 9.3 1.1 15.0 0.1 0.3 27.8 19.8 93 83 89 – 4.0 5.7 0.8 1.1 90 Italy Jamaica 11.5 82.9 45.7 60 – – 25.4 0.6 0.2 28.6 5.3 99 85 – 0.04 0.5 1.7 0.1 0.1 83 al Jamaica Japan 4.7 – 4.1 ≥80 6.2 2.0 11.9 0.2 0.4 33.7 11.2 99 93 99 – 2.4 11.2 0.8 1.7 100 Japan Jordan 26.3 58.0 26.0 70 – – 51.2 0.6 0.6 – – 98 99 – 2.78 3.4 3.1 0.9 1.6 72 Jordan Kazakhstan 24.2 79.6 aj 36.0 71 1.8 0.1 62.7 0.4 2.3 43.1 7.0 82 99 97 0.36 3.3 8.5 0.4 0.8 78 Kazakhstan Kenya 29.1 77.6 96.0 57 – – 78.1 51.2 1.8 20.4 1.2 89 32 78 3.36 0.2 1.6 0.0 0.1 58 Kenya Kiribati 2.9 35.8 49.9 40 – – 140.2 16.7 2.6 58.9 35.9 81 79 79 9.95 0.2 4.6 0.2 0.1 60 Kiribati Kuwait 18.7 – 6.1 77 – – 103.8 <0.1 0.2 37.0 2.7 99 96 99 – 2.6 7.0 0.7 0.5 85 Kuwait Kyrgyzstan 22.0 62.1 – 66 3.5 0.8 110.7 0.8 0.6 50.5 3.6 96 98 – 2.91 1.9 6.4 0.2 0.0 50 Kyrgyzstan

Lao People's Democratic al Lao People's Democratic Republic 14.3 61.3 75.6 48 3.0 0.3 188.5 11.3 0.9 51.2 7.3 82 – 78 3.33 0.5 1.0 0.1 0.2 75 Republic Latvia 10.0 – 18.0 64 – – 41.3 <0.1 0.8 51.0 25.6 98 89 82 – 3.2 4.9 0.7 0.8 90 Latvia Lebanon 22.6 – – 68 – – 51.4 0.8 0.3 40.7 26.9 81 75 – 5.84 2.4 2.6 1.0 1.4 80 Lebanon Lesotho 28.2 76.1 94.0 45 – – 177.6 44.4 3.1 53.9 0.4 93 82 93 6.61 – – – – 62 Lesotho Liberia 33.7 37.2 104.8 34 7.9 1.6 170.2 41.5 1.8 18.1 1.5 79 – 79 14.27 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 76 Liberia Libya 23.8 ah 29.6 10.9 63 – – 71.9 0.6 0.6 – – 97 96 96 0.07 2.1 6.9 0.7 0.6 64 Libya Lithuania 10.6 – 14.1 67 9.8 1.6 34.0 ak <0.1 0.7 38.0 21.3 94 92 82 – 4.4 8.1 0.9 – 77 Lithuania Luxembourg 8.7 – 5.6 ≥80 3.4 0.1 11.6 <0.1 0.1 26.0 20.9 99 86 95 – 2.9 12.3 1.0 0.7 88 Luxembourg Madagascar 28.4 49.6 152.0 30 – – 159.6 30.2 3.3 – – 77 – 76 4.08 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 43 Madagascar Malawi 35.0 74.6 136.0 44 1.6 0.1 115.0 28.3 2.0 24.7 4.4 84 61 83 12.64 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 56 Malawi Malaysia 24.0 – 11.5 70 – – 47.4 0.4 0.5 42.4 1.0 98 99 – 0.05 1.5 4.1 0.5 0.5 100 Malaysia Maldives 3.5 42.7 12.9 55 – – 25.6 0.3 0.0 55.0 2.1 99 99 – 1.29 3.6 8.2 0.2 1.1 63 Maldives Mali 25.6 46.0 174.0 32 – – 209.1 70.7 3.3 23.0 1.6 68 – 70 7.55 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 40 Mali Malta 5.1 – 11.4 79 15.9 2.8 20.2 <0.1 0.1 30.2 20.9 97 86 – – 3.9 9.1 0.5 1.3 79 Malta

70 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.a 3.b.1 3.b.2 3.c 3.d Proportion ANNEX B of married Total net or in-union Measles- official Part 2 women of Age- Diphtheria- containing- development reproductive Population Population standardized tetanus- vaccine assistance age who have with household with household mortality rate Mortality rate Age-standardized pertussis second-dose Pneumococcal to medical their need expenditures expenditures attributed to attributed to Mortality prevalence of tobacco (DTP3) (MCV2) conjugate 3rd research and Density of Average of 13 for family Adolescent on health on health household exposure to rate from smoking among immunization immunization dose (PCV3) basic health nursing and Density of Density of International Road traffic planning birth rateq > 10% of total > 25% of total and ambient unsafe WASH unintentional coverage coverage by immunization per capitaw Density of midwifery dentistry pharmaceutical Health o c,t c,t c,m persons 15 years x x x x mortality rate satisfied (per 1000 UHC service household household air pollution services poisoning and olderu (%) among the nationally coverage (US$), by physicians personnel personnel personnel Regulations (per 100 000 with modern women aged coverage expenditure or expenditure or (per 100 000 (per 100 000 (per 100 000 1-year-oldsv recommended among 1-year recipient (per 1000 (per 1000 (per 1000 (per 1000 core capacity population) methodsp (%) 15–19 years) indexr incomes (%) incomes (%) population) population) population) Male Female (%) agev (%) oldsv (%) country population) population) population) population) scoresy Data type Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable estimates Primary data Primary data estimates Primary data Primary data estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates Primary data Primary data Primary data Primary data Primary data Other data Member State 2013 2007–2017 2007–2016 2015 2007–2015 2007–2015 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2010–2017 Member State Ecuador 20.1 80.7 56.5 75 – – 24.5 0.6 0.6 12.3 2.0 83 76 84 0.50 1.7 2.1 0.3 0.1 81 Ecuador Egypt 12.8 80.0 56.0 68 26.2 3.9 108.9 2.0 0.2 50.1 0.2 95 96 – 0.20 0.8 1.4 0.2 0.3 96 Egypt El Salvador 21.1 81.9 69.2 77 – – 41.9 2.0 0.2 18.8 2.5 93 87 90 0.77 1.9 0.5 0.8 0.4 93 El Salvador Equatorial Guinea 22.9 20.5 176.0 45 – – 177.7 22.3 1.9 – – 19 – – 1.29 – – – – 27 Equatorial Guinea Eritrea 24.1 19.6 76.0 38 – – 173.7 45.6 4.2 11.4 0.2 95 85 95 2.44 – – – – 49 Eritrea Estonia 7.0 – 12.5 76 8.8 1.2 25.0 <0.1 0.5 39.3 24.5 93 92 – – 3.4 6.4 0.9 0.7 70 Estonia Ethiopia 25.3 59.4 80.0 39 – – 144.4 43.7 2.9 8.5 0.4 77 – 76 3.53 0.0 0.3 – 0.0 79 Ethiopia Fiji 5.8 – – 66 – – 99.0 2.9 0.4 34.8 10.2 99 94 99 7.00 0.8 2.9 0.3 0.1 98 Fiji Finland 4.8 – 6.2 79 6.3 1.0 7.2 <0.1 0.2 22.6 18.3 92 85 87 – 3.2 15.0 0.7 1.1 96 Finland France 5.1 – 9.2 ≥80 – – 9.7 0.3 0.5 35.6 30.1 97 79 91 – 3.2 10.6 0.7 1.1 89 France Gabon 22.9 33.7 91.0 52 – – 76.0 20.6 0.9 – – 75 – – 2.25 0.4 2.9 0.0 0.1 52 Gabon Gambia 29.4 23.9 88.0 46 – – 237.0 29.7 1.9 31.2 0.7 95 79 95 12.72 0.1 1.6 0.0 0.1 27 Gambia Georgia 11.8 – 47.9 66 29.2 9.0 101.8 0.2 0.8 55.5 5.3 92 85 75 2.23 4.8 4.0 0.5 0.1 74 Georgia Germany 4.3 – 7.8 79 – – 16.0 0.6 0.2 33.1 28.2 95 93 86 – 4.2 13.8 0.9 0.7 97 Germany Ghana 26.2 46.2 59.0 45 – – 203.8 18.8 1.7 7.7 0.3 93 75 93 4.94 0.1 0.9 0.0 0.1 74 Ghana Greece 9.1 – 8.0 70 14.6 1.8 27.6 <0.1 0.2 52.0 35.3 99 83 96 – 6.3 3.4 1.2 1.1 76 Greece Grenada 5.7 – – 72 – – 45.3 0.3 0.4 – – 96 85 – – – – – 0.8 66 Grenada Guatemala 19.0 65.6 92.0 57 1.4 0.0 73.8 6.3 1.1 – – 80 65 81 1.28 0.9 0.9 0.2 – 55 Guatemala Guinea 27.3 21.5 146.0 35 7.0 1.2 243.3 44.6 3.0 – – 57 – – 8.26 0.1 0.4 – 0.0 59 Guinea Guinea–Bissau 27.5 37.6 106.0 39 – – 214.7 35.3 2.2 – – 87 – 80 11.23 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.0 53 Guinea–Bissau Guyana 17.3 52.5 ai 74.0 68 – – 107.8 3.6 0.7 – – 97 94 92 2.85 0.2 0.5 0.1 0.1 89 Guyana Haiti 15.1 44.0 49.0 47 – – 184.3 23.8 2.6 23.1 2.9 58 26 – 8.73 – – – – 61 Haiti Honduras 17.4 76.0 101.0 64 – – 60.7 3.6 0.4 – – 97 – 97 2.92 – – – – 70 Honduras Hungary 7.7 – 22.8 70 7.4 0.3 38.8 0.2 0.3 34.8 26.8 99 99 98 – 3.1 6.6 0.6 0.7 82 Hungary Iceland 4.6 – 8.0 ≥80 – – 8.7 0.1 0.2 15.2 14.3 91 95 90 – 3.8 15.2 0.8 1.1 72 Iceland India 16.6 72.0 28.1 56 17.3 3.9 184.3 ak 18.6 2.4 20.6 1.9 88 76 – 0.28 0.8 2.1 0.1 0.6 95 India Indonesia 15.3 77.9 40.1 49 3.6 0.4 112.4 7.1 0.4 76.1 2.8 79 56 – 0.51 0.2 1.3 0.0 0.1 99 Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) 32.1 68.6 23.0 65 15.8 3.8 50.9 1.0 1.2 21.1 0.8 99 98 – 0.03 1.5 1.6 0.4 0.2 76 Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq 20.2 59.3 aj 82.0 63 – – 75.1 3.0 0.5 39.3 4.7 63 64 – 0.13 0.9 1.8 0.2 0.2 89 Iraq Ireland 4.1 – 8.6 78 6.4 0.7 11.9 <0.1 0.2 25.7 23.0 95 – 91 – 3.0 12.4 0.6 1.1 78 Ireland Israel 3.6 – 9.7 ≥80 6.7 0.9 15.4 ak 0.2 0.1 35.4 15.4 94 97 93 – 3.6 5.1 0.8 0.8 71 Israel Italy 6.1 – 5.1 ≥80 9.3 1.1 15.0 0.1 0.3 27.8 19.8 93 83 89 – 4.0 5.7 0.8 1.1 90 Italy Jamaica 11.5 82.9 45.7 60 – – 25.4 0.6 0.2 28.6 5.3 99 85 – 0.04 0.5 1.7 0.1 0.1 83 al Jamaica Japan 4.7 – 4.1 ≥80 6.2 2.0 11.9 0.2 0.4 33.7 11.2 99 93 99 – 2.4 11.2 0.8 1.7 100 Japan Jordan 26.3 58.0 26.0 70 – – 51.2 0.6 0.6 – – 98 99 – 2.78 3.4 3.1 0.9 1.6 72 Jordan Kazakhstan 24.2 79.6 aj 36.0 71 1.8 0.1 62.7 0.4 2.3 43.1 7.0 82 99 97 0.36 3.3 8.5 0.4 0.8 78 Kazakhstan Kenya 29.1 77.6 96.0 57 – – 78.1 51.2 1.8 20.4 1.2 89 32 78 3.36 0.2 1.6 0.0 0.1 58 Kenya Kiribati 2.9 35.8 49.9 40 – – 140.2 16.7 2.6 58.9 35.9 81 79 79 9.95 0.2 4.6 0.2 0.1 60 Kiribati Kuwait 18.7 – 6.1 77 – – 103.8 <0.1 0.2 37.0 2.7 99 96 99 – 2.6 7.0 0.7 0.5 85 Kuwait Kyrgyzstan 22.0 62.1 – 66 3.5 0.8 110.7 0.8 0.6 50.5 3.6 96 98 – 2.91 1.9 6.4 0.2 0.0 50 Kyrgyzstan

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 71 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.a 3.b.1 3.b.2 3.c 3.d Proportion ANNEX B of married Total net or in-union Measles- official Part 2 women of Age- Diphtheria- containing- development reproductive Population Population standardized tetanus- vaccine assistance age who have with household with household mortality rate Mortality rate Age-standardized pertussis second-dose Pneumococcal to medical their need expenditures expenditures attributed to attributed to Mortality prevalence of tobacco (DTP3) (MCV2) conjugate 3rd research and Density of Average of 13 for family Adolescent on health on health household exposure to rate from smoking among immunization immunization dose (PCV3) basic health nursing and Density of Density of International Road traffic planning birth rateq > 10% of total > 25% of total and ambient unsafe WASH unintentional coverage coverage by immunization per capitaw Density of midwifery dentistry pharmaceutical Health o c,t c,t c,m persons 15 years x x x x mortality rate satisfied (per 1000 UHC service household household air pollution services poisoning and olderu (%) among the nationally coverage (US$), by physicians personnel personnel personnel Regulations (per 100 000 with modern women aged coverage expenditure or expenditure or (per 100 000 (per 100 000 (per 100 000 1-year-oldsv recommended among 1-year recipient (per 1000 (per 1000 (per 1000 (per 1000 core capacity population) methodsp (%) 15–19 years) indexr incomes (%) incomes (%) population) population) population) Male Female (%) agev (%) oldsv (%) country population) population) population) population) scoresy Data type Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable estimates Primary data Primary data estimates Primary data Primary data estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates Primary data Primary data Primary data Primary data Primary data Other data Member State 2013 2007–2017 2007–2016 2015 2007–2015 2007–2015 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2010–2017 Member State Marshall Islands 5.7 80.5 – – – – – – – – – 71 49 51 2.67 0.5 3.6 0.5 0.1 57 Marshall Islands Mauritania 24.5 30.4 77.0 33 – – 169.5 38.6 1.9 – – 73 – 73 2.53 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.0 32 Mauritania Mauritius 12.2 41.9 24.1 64 – – 38.3 0.6 0.1 40.7 3.2 96 92 10 0.28 2.0 3.3 0.3 0.4 71 Mauritius Mexico 12.3 80.9 66.2 76 7.1 1.9 36.7 1.1 0.4 21.4 6.9 97 98 92 0.01 2.2 2.6 0.1 – 94 Mexico Micronesia (Federated Micronesia (Federated States of) 1.9 – – 60 – – 151.8 3.6 1.0 – – 69 74 63 3.65 0.2 3.6 0.4 0.2 86 States of) Monaco 0.0 – – – – – – – – – – 99 – – – 6.6 20.5 1.0 2.6 81 Monaco Mongolia 21.0 68.3 aj 26.7 63 2.4 0.5 155.9 1.3 1.6 46.5 5.5 99 90 – 6.47 3.3 4.1 0.2 0.5 87 Mongolia Montenegro 11.9 34.1 aj 11.1 54 8.9 1.0 78.6 <0.1 0.5 47.9 44.0 89 86 – 1.84 2.3 5.7 0.0 0.2 56 Montenegro Morocco 20.8 74.8 32.0 65 – – 49.1 1.9 0.6 47.1 0.8 99 99 98 1.92 0.6 0.9 0.1 0.3 95 Morocco Mozambique 31.6 50.4 ai 167.0 42 1.2 0.3 110.0 27.6 2.9 29.1 5.1 80 51 80 8.10 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.1 69 Mozambique Myanmar 20.3 75.0 36.0 60 – – 156.4 12.6 1.4 35.2 6.3 90 86 14 2.78 0.6 0.9 0.1 – 62 Myanmar Namibia 23.9 75.1 82.0 59 – – 145.0 18.3 1.5 34.2 9.7 92 – 81 3.97 0.4 2.8 0.0 0.2 79 Namibia Nauru – 42.5 – – – – – – – 36.9 43.0 91 96 – 43.29 1.4 7.0 0.6 1.0 42 Nauru Nepal 17.0 56.1 88.0 46 27.4 3.3 193.8 19.8 0.4 37.8 9.5 87 25 46 2.47 0.6 2.0 – 0.2 22 Nepal Netherlands 3.4 – 3.2 ≥80 – – 13.7 0.2 0.1 27.3 24.4 95 91 94 – 3.5 10.5 0.5 0.2 95 Netherlands New Zealand 6.0 – 16.0 ≥80 – – 7.2 0.1 0.2 17.2 14.8 92 89 93 – 3.1 11.1 0.4 0.7 98 New Zealand Nicaragua 15.3 89.8 92.0 70 27.7 8.9 55.7 2.2 0.6 – – 98 – 98 3.58 0.9 1.4 0.0 – 91 Nicaragua Niger 26.4 45.4 146.0 33 4.1 0.4 251.8 70.8 4.2 15.4 0.1 67 37 64 3.48 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 74 Niger Nigeria 20.5 26.3 aj 145.0 39 24.8 8.9 307.4 68.6 3.0 10.8 0.6 49 – 26 2.87 0.4 1.5 0.0 0.1 51 Nigeria Niue – – – – – – – – – 19.3 10.5 99 99 99 6.01 1.8 9.8 2.5 0.6 61 Niue Norway 3.8 – 4.6 ≥80 – – 8.6 0.2 0.2 20.7 19.6 96 91 94 – 4.4 17.8 0.9 0.7 99 Norway Oman 25.4 39.6 13.5 72 – – 53.9 <0.1 0.4 15.6 0.5 99 99 99 – 1.9 4.2 0.2 0.9 90 Oman Pakistan 14.2 47.0 44.0 40 1.0 0.0 173.6 19.6 2.3 36.7 2.8 72 53 72 1.63 1.0 0.5 0.1 – 51 Pakistan Palau 4.8 – – – – – – – – 22.7 7.7 98 95 98 2.72 1.2 5.3 0.2 0.0 91 Palau Panama 10.0 75.9 84.3 75 1.4 0.2 25.8 1.9 0.4 9.9 2.4 73 92 83 0.46 1.6 2.3 0.3 – 76 Panama Papua New Guinea 16.8 40.6 – 41 – – 152.0 16.3 1.7 48.8 23.5 72 – 20 2.92 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 64 Papua New Guinea Paraguay 20.7 82.6 62.8 69 – – 57.5 1.5 0.3 21.6 5.0 93 92 99 0.89 1.3 1.0 0.2 – 77 Paraguay Peru 13.9 66.1 49.4 78 8.3 1.2 63.9 1.3 0.9 – – 89 66 86 0.48 1.1 1.5 0.1 0.1 66 Peru Philippines 10.5 51.5 57.0 58 6.3 1.4 185.2 4.2 0.2 40.8 7.8 86 66 36 0.73 – 0.2 0.0 0.9 81 Philippines Poland 10.3 – 12.3 75 13.9 1.6 37.9 <0.1 0.2 33.1 23.3 98 94 – – 2.3 5.7 0.3 0.7 74 Poland Portugal 7.8 – 8.2 ≥80 18.4 3.3 9.8 ak 0.2 0.3 30.0 16.3 98 95 – – 4.4 6.4 0.9 0.9 91 Portugal Qatar 15.2 68.9 aj 10.5 77 – – 47.4 <0.1 0.4 26.9 0.8 98 92 97 – 2.0 5.7 0.6 0.9 76 Qatar Republic of Korea 12.0 – 1.3 ≥80 13.5 4.0 20.5 1.8 0.5 40.9 6.2 98 97 98 – 2.3 6.9 0.5 0.7 98 Republic of Korea Republic of Moldova 12.5 60.4 26.7 65 16.1 3.6 78.3 <0.1 1.2 44.6 5.9 89 95 77 3.48 3.2 4.5 0.4 0.5 81 Republic of Moldova Romania 8.7 – 35.3 72 12.0 2.3 59.3 0.4 0.4 37.1 22.9 89 76 – – 2.7 6.4 0.7 0.8 76 Romania Russian Federation 18.9 – 24.0 63 4.9 0.6 49.4 0.1 1.7 58.3 23.4 97 97 35 – 4.0 8.7 – – 99 Russian Federation Rwanda 32.1 65.9 45.0 53 4.6 0.7 121.4 19.3 2.4 21.0 4.7 98 90 98 6.65 0.1 0.8 0.0 0.0 66 Rwanda Saint Kitts and Nevis – – – – – – – – – 15.2 0.8 97 97 – – – – – – 52 Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia 18.1 72.4 – 69 – – 30.0 0.6 0.2 – – 95 88 – 6.33 0.1 – 0.2 – 77 Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 8.2 – 63.7 65 – – 47.6 1.3 0.2 – – 98 99 – 0.36 – – – – 65 Grenadines Samoa 15.8 39.4 39.2 56 – – 85.0 1.5 0.5 38.1 16.7 62 44 – 22.31 0.3 1.5 0.2 0.3 75 Samoa San Marino 3.2 – – – – – – – – – – 66 36 12 – 6.4 9.1 0.7 0.7 61 San Marino Sao Tome and Principe 31.1 50.3 92.0 54 – – 162.4 11.4 0.9 – – 96 76 96 24.88 – – – – 16 Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia 27.4 – – 68 – – 83.7 <0.1 0.7 25.4 1.8 98 96 98 – 2.6 5.2 0.4 0.7 99 Saudi Arabia Senegal 27.2 47.4 80.0 41 3.3 0.2 160.7 23.9 2.3 16.6 0.4 93 75 93 5.36 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 44 Senegal Serbia 7.7 25.1 aj 16.4 65 9.0 0.7 62.5 0.7 0.3 40.2 37.7 92 90 – 0.10 2.5 4.7 0.3 0.5 44 Serbia Seychelles 8.6 – 65.8 68 – – 49.3 0.2 0.6 35.7 7.1 96 99 – 34.17 1.0 4.4 0.1 0.0 87 Seychelles Sierra Leone 27.3 37.5 125.0 36 – – 324.1 81.3 4.1 41.3 8.8 84 50 84 11.30 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 70 Sierra Leone Singapore 3.6 – 2.7 ≥80 – – 25.9 <0.1 0.1 28.3 5.2 97 88 78 – 2.3 7.1 0.4 0.5 99 Singapore Slovakia 6.6 – 24.3 76 3.8 0.4 33.5 <0.1 0.4 37.7 23.1 96 97 96 – 3.4 6.0 0.5 1.1 95 Slovakia Slovenia 6.4 – 4.5 78 2.9 0.3 22.6 <0.1 0.3 25.0 20.1 94 93 50 – 2.8 8.8 0.7 0.6 77 Slovenia Solomon Islands 19.2 38.0 42.0 50 – – 137.0 6.2 0.9 – – 99 – 87 26.32 0.2 1.8 0.1 0.1 57 Solomon Islands Somalia 25.4 – – 22 – – 212.8 86.6 4.6 – – 42 – – 3.52 0.0 0.1 – – 29 Somalia South Africa 25.1 77.9 ai 71.0 67 1.4 0.1 86.7 13.7 1.2 33.2 8.1 66 70 69 1.55 0.8 5.2 0.2 0.7 91 South Africa

72 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.a 3.b.1 3.b.2 3.c 3.d Proportion ANNEX B of married Total net or in-union Measles- official Part 2 women of Age- Diphtheria- containing- development reproductive Population Population standardized tetanus- vaccine assistance age who have with household with household mortality rate Mortality rate Age-standardized pertussis second-dose Pneumococcal to medical their need expenditures expenditures attributed to attributed to Mortality prevalence of tobacco (DTP3) (MCV2) conjugate 3rd research and Density of Average of 13 for family Adolescent on health on health household exposure to rate from smoking among immunization immunization dose (PCV3) basic health nursing and Density of Density of International Road traffic planning birth rateq > 10% of total > 25% of total and ambient unsafe WASH unintentional coverage coverage by immunization per capitaw Density of midwifery dentistry pharmaceutical Health o c,t c,t c,m persons 15 years x x x x mortality rate satisfied (per 1000 UHC service household household air pollution services poisoning and olderu (%) among the nationally coverage (US$), by physicians personnel personnel personnel Regulations (per 100 000 with modern women aged coverage expenditure or expenditure or (per 100 000 (per 100 000 (per 100 000 1-year-oldsv recommended among 1-year recipient (per 1000 (per 1000 (per 1000 (per 1000 core capacity population) methodsp (%) 15–19 years) indexr incomes (%) incomes (%) population) population) population) Male Female (%) agev (%) oldsv (%) country population) population) population) population) scoresy Data type Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable estimates Primary data Primary data estimates Primary data Primary data estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates Primary data Primary data Primary data Primary data Primary data Other data Member State 2013 2007–2017 2007–2016 2015 2007–2015 2007–2015 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2010–2017 Member State Marshall Islands 5.7 80.5 – – – – – – – – – 71 49 51 2.67 0.5 3.6 0.5 0.1 57 Marshall Islands Mauritania 24.5 30.4 77.0 33 – – 169.5 38.6 1.9 – – 73 – 73 2.53 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.0 32 Mauritania Mauritius 12.2 41.9 24.1 64 – – 38.3 0.6 0.1 40.7 3.2 96 92 10 0.28 2.0 3.3 0.3 0.4 71 Mauritius Mexico 12.3 80.9 66.2 76 7.1 1.9 36.7 1.1 0.4 21.4 6.9 97 98 92 0.01 2.2 2.6 0.1 – 94 Mexico Micronesia (Federated Micronesia (Federated States of) 1.9 – – 60 – – 151.8 3.6 1.0 – – 69 74 63 3.65 0.2 3.6 0.4 0.2 86 States of) Monaco 0.0 – – – – – – – – – – 99 – – – 6.6 20.5 1.0 2.6 81 Monaco Mongolia 21.0 68.3 aj 26.7 63 2.4 0.5 155.9 1.3 1.6 46.5 5.5 99 90 – 6.47 3.3 4.1 0.2 0.5 87 Mongolia Montenegro 11.9 34.1 aj 11.1 54 8.9 1.0 78.6 <0.1 0.5 47.9 44.0 89 86 – 1.84 2.3 5.7 0.0 0.2 56 Montenegro Morocco 20.8 74.8 32.0 65 – – 49.1 1.9 0.6 47.1 0.8 99 99 98 1.92 0.6 0.9 0.1 0.3 95 Morocco Mozambique 31.6 50.4 ai 167.0 42 1.2 0.3 110.0 27.6 2.9 29.1 5.1 80 51 80 8.10 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.1 69 Mozambique Myanmar 20.3 75.0 36.0 60 – – 156.4 12.6 1.4 35.2 6.3 90 86 14 2.78 0.6 0.9 0.1 – 62 Myanmar Namibia 23.9 75.1 82.0 59 – – 145.0 18.3 1.5 34.2 9.7 92 – 81 3.97 0.4 2.8 0.0 0.2 79 Namibia Nauru – 42.5 – – – – – – – 36.9 43.0 91 96 – 43.29 1.4 7.0 0.6 1.0 42 Nauru Nepal 17.0 56.1 88.0 46 27.4 3.3 193.8 19.8 0.4 37.8 9.5 87 25 46 2.47 0.6 2.0 – 0.2 22 Nepal Netherlands 3.4 – 3.2 ≥80 – – 13.7 0.2 0.1 27.3 24.4 95 91 94 – 3.5 10.5 0.5 0.2 95 Netherlands New Zealand 6.0 – 16.0 ≥80 – – 7.2 0.1 0.2 17.2 14.8 92 89 93 – 3.1 11.1 0.4 0.7 98 New Zealand Nicaragua 15.3 89.8 92.0 70 27.7 8.9 55.7 2.2 0.6 – – 98 – 98 3.58 0.9 1.4 0.0 – 91 Nicaragua Niger 26.4 45.4 146.0 33 4.1 0.4 251.8 70.8 4.2 15.4 0.1 67 37 64 3.48 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 74 Niger Nigeria 20.5 26.3 aj 145.0 39 24.8 8.9 307.4 68.6 3.0 10.8 0.6 49 – 26 2.87 0.4 1.5 0.0 0.1 51 Nigeria Niue – – – – – – – – – 19.3 10.5 99 99 99 6.01 1.8 9.8 2.5 0.6 61 Niue Norway 3.8 – 4.6 ≥80 – – 8.6 0.2 0.2 20.7 19.6 96 91 94 – 4.4 17.8 0.9 0.7 99 Norway Oman 25.4 39.6 13.5 72 – – 53.9 <0.1 0.4 15.6 0.5 99 99 99 – 1.9 4.2 0.2 0.9 90 Oman Pakistan 14.2 47.0 44.0 40 1.0 0.0 173.6 19.6 2.3 36.7 2.8 72 53 72 1.63 1.0 0.5 0.1 – 51 Pakistan Palau 4.8 – – – – – – – – 22.7 7.7 98 95 98 2.72 1.2 5.3 0.2 0.0 91 Palau Panama 10.0 75.9 84.3 75 1.4 0.2 25.8 1.9 0.4 9.9 2.4 73 92 83 0.46 1.6 2.3 0.3 – 76 Panama Papua New Guinea 16.8 40.6 – 41 – – 152.0 16.3 1.7 48.8 23.5 72 – 20 2.92 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.0 64 Papua New Guinea Paraguay 20.7 82.6 62.8 69 – – 57.5 1.5 0.3 21.6 5.0 93 92 99 0.89 1.3 1.0 0.2 – 77 Paraguay Peru 13.9 66.1 49.4 78 8.3 1.2 63.9 1.3 0.9 – – 89 66 86 0.48 1.1 1.5 0.1 0.1 66 Peru Philippines 10.5 51.5 57.0 58 6.3 1.4 185.2 4.2 0.2 40.8 7.8 86 66 36 0.73 – 0.2 0.0 0.9 81 Philippines Poland 10.3 – 12.3 75 13.9 1.6 37.9 <0.1 0.2 33.1 23.3 98 94 – – 2.3 5.7 0.3 0.7 74 Poland Portugal 7.8 – 8.2 ≥80 18.4 3.3 9.8 ak 0.2 0.3 30.0 16.3 98 95 – – 4.4 6.4 0.9 0.9 91 Portugal Qatar 15.2 68.9 aj 10.5 77 – – 47.4 <0.1 0.4 26.9 0.8 98 92 97 – 2.0 5.7 0.6 0.9 76 Qatar Republic of Korea 12.0 – 1.3 ≥80 13.5 4.0 20.5 1.8 0.5 40.9 6.2 98 97 98 – 2.3 6.9 0.5 0.7 98 Republic of Korea Republic of Moldova 12.5 60.4 26.7 65 16.1 3.6 78.3 <0.1 1.2 44.6 5.9 89 95 77 3.48 3.2 4.5 0.4 0.5 81 Republic of Moldova Romania 8.7 – 35.3 72 12.0 2.3 59.3 0.4 0.4 37.1 22.9 89 76 – – 2.7 6.4 0.7 0.8 76 Romania Russian Federation 18.9 – 24.0 63 4.9 0.6 49.4 0.1 1.7 58.3 23.4 97 97 35 – 4.0 8.7 – – 99 Russian Federation Rwanda 32.1 65.9 45.0 53 4.6 0.7 121.4 19.3 2.4 21.0 4.7 98 90 98 6.65 0.1 0.8 0.0 0.0 66 Rwanda Saint Kitts and Nevis – – – – – – – – – 15.2 0.8 97 97 – – – – – – 52 Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia 18.1 72.4 – 69 – – 30.0 0.6 0.2 – – 95 88 – 6.33 0.1 – 0.2 – 77 Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 8.2 – 63.7 65 – – 47.6 1.3 0.2 – – 98 99 – 0.36 – – – – 65 Grenadines Samoa 15.8 39.4 39.2 56 – – 85.0 1.5 0.5 38.1 16.7 62 44 – 22.31 0.3 1.5 0.2 0.3 75 Samoa San Marino 3.2 – – – – – – – – – – 66 36 12 – 6.4 9.1 0.7 0.7 61 San Marino Sao Tome and Principe 31.1 50.3 92.0 54 – – 162.4 11.4 0.9 – – 96 76 96 24.88 – – – – 16 Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia 27.4 – – 68 – – 83.7 <0.1 0.7 25.4 1.8 98 96 98 – 2.6 5.2 0.4 0.7 99 Saudi Arabia Senegal 27.2 47.4 80.0 41 3.3 0.2 160.7 23.9 2.3 16.6 0.4 93 75 93 5.36 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 44 Senegal Serbia 7.7 25.1 aj 16.4 65 9.0 0.7 62.5 0.7 0.3 40.2 37.7 92 90 – 0.10 2.5 4.7 0.3 0.5 44 Serbia Seychelles 8.6 – 65.8 68 – – 49.3 0.2 0.6 35.7 7.1 96 99 – 34.17 1.0 4.4 0.1 0.0 87 Seychelles Sierra Leone 27.3 37.5 125.0 36 – – 324.1 81.3 4.1 41.3 8.8 84 50 84 11.30 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 70 Sierra Leone Singapore 3.6 – 2.7 ≥80 – – 25.9 <0.1 0.1 28.3 5.2 97 88 78 – 2.3 7.1 0.4 0.5 99 Singapore Slovakia 6.6 – 24.3 76 3.8 0.4 33.5 <0.1 0.4 37.7 23.1 96 97 96 – 3.4 6.0 0.5 1.1 95 Slovakia Slovenia 6.4 – 4.5 78 2.9 0.3 22.6 <0.1 0.3 25.0 20.1 94 93 50 – 2.8 8.8 0.7 0.6 77 Slovenia Solomon Islands 19.2 38.0 42.0 50 – – 137.0 6.2 0.9 – – 99 – 87 26.32 0.2 1.8 0.1 0.1 57 Solomon Islands Somalia 25.4 – – 22 – – 212.8 86.6 4.6 – – 42 – – 3.52 0.0 0.1 – – 29 Somalia South Africa 25.1 77.9 ai 71.0 67 1.4 0.1 86.7 13.7 1.2 33.2 8.1 66 70 69 1.55 0.8 5.2 0.2 0.7 91 South Africa

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 73 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.a 3.b.1 3.b.2 3.c 3.d Proportion ANNEX B of married Total net or in-union Measles- official Part 2 women of Age- Diphtheria- containing- development reproductive Population Population standardized tetanus- vaccine assistance age who have with household with household mortality rate Mortality rate Age-standardized pertussis second-dose Pneumococcal to medical their need expenditures expenditures attributed to attributed to Mortality prevalence of tobacco (DTP3) (MCV2) conjugate 3rd research and Density of Average of 13 for family Adolescent on health on health household exposure to rate from smoking among immunization immunization dose (PCV3) basic health nursing and Density of Density of International Road traffic planning birth rateq > 10% of total > 25% of total and ambient unsafe WASH unintentional coverage coverage by immunization per capitaw Density of midwifery dentistry pharmaceutical Health o c,t c,t c,m persons 15 years x x x x mortality rate satisfied (per 1000 UHC service household household air pollution services poisoning and olderu (%) among the nationally coverage (US$), by physicians personnel personnel personnel Regulations (per 100 000 with modern women aged coverage expenditure or expenditure or (per 100 000 (per 100 000 (per 100 000 1-year-oldsv recommended among 1-year recipient (per 1000 (per 1000 (per 1000 (per 1000 core capacity population) methodsp (%) 15–19 years) indexr incomes (%) incomes (%) population) population) population) Male Female (%) agev (%) oldsv (%) country population) population) population) population) scoresy Data type Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable estimates Primary data Primary data estimates Primary data Primary data estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates Primary data Primary data Primary data Primary data Primary data Other data Member State 2013 2007–2017 2007–2016 2015 2007–2015 2007–2015 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2010–2017 Member State South Sudan 27.9 5.6 aj 158.1 30 – – 165.1 63.3 4.0 – – 26 – – 5.02 – – – – 34 South Sudan Spain 3.7 – 7.7 77 5.7 1.2 9.9 0.2 0.2 31.4 27.4 97 95 – – 3.9 5.3 0.7 1.2 95 Spain Sri Lanka 17.4 74.1 20.3 62 2.9 0.1 79.8 1.2 0.4 27.0 0.3 99 99 – 0.98 0.9 2.8 0.1 0.1 76 Sri Lanka Sudan 24.3 30.2 87.0 43 – – 184.9 17.3 3.9 – – 93 69 93 3.34 0.3 1.2 0.0 0.0 67 Sudan Suriname 19.1 73.2 aj 57.7 68 – – 56.7 2.0 0.4 42.9 7.4 91 44 – 1.09 – – – – 72 Suriname Swaziland 24.2 80.6 87.0 58 13.4 2.0 137.0 27.9 3.3 16.5 1.7 90 89 90 13.21 0.1 1.4 0.0 0.0 75 Swaziland Sweden 2.8 – 4.4 ≥80 – – 7.2 0.2 0.4 18.9 18.8 98 95 97 – 4.2 11.9 0.8 0.8 93 Sweden Switzerland 3.3 – 2.6 ≥80 – – 10.1 0.1 0.1 28.9 22.6 97 89 81 – 4.2 18.2 0.5 0.5 91 Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic 20.0 53.3 54.0 60 – – 75.2 3.7 0.4 – – 42 52 – 0.71 1.5 2.3 0.9 1.5 64 Syrian Arab Republic Tajikistan 18.8 50.8 54.0 65 11.3 2.7 129.3 2.7 1.2 – – 96 97 – 3.07 1.7 5.3 0.2 – 89 Tajikistan Thailand 36.2 89.2 51.0 75 3.4 0.7 61.5 3.5 0.4 38.8 1.9 99 95 – 0.37 0.5 2.3 0.3 0.2 97 Thailand

The former Yugoslav aj The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 9.4 22.3 20.1 70 5.4 0.6 82.2 <0.1 0.4 – – 95 93 – 0.56 2.9 3.8 0.9 0.5 90 Republic of Macedonia Timor–Leste 16.6 46.1 ai – 47 – – 139.8 9.9 0.4 78.1 6.3 85 22 – 12.12 0.1 1.3 0.0 0.1 72 Timor–Leste Togo 31.1 32.1 85.0 42 – – 249.6 41.6 2.4 14.2 0.9 89 – 89 4.82 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 64 Togo Tonga 7.6 47.9 30.0 62 – – 73.3 1.4 1.3 44.4 11.8 78 85 – 45.41 0.6 3.9 0.4 0.3 74 Tonga Trinidad and Tobago 14.1 58.2 38.0 75 – – 38.6 0.1 0.2 – – 97 65 91 – 1.8 3.3 0.3 0.5 72 Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia 24.4 73.2 aj 3.0 65 16.7 2.4 56.1 1.0 0.5 65.8 1.1 98 97 – 0.19 1.3 2.6 0.3 0.3 57 Tunisia Turkey 8.9 59.7 26.9 71 3.1 0.3 46.6 ak 0.3 0.3 41.1 14.1 98 85 98 0.36 1.7 2.6 0.3 0.3 88 Turkey Turkmenistan 17.4 75.6 28.0 67 – – 79.3 4.0 0.7 – – 98 99 – 1.77 2.3 4.8 0.1 0.2 84 Turkmenistan Tuvalu – 41.0 – – – – – – – – – 94 92 – 60.03 1.2 6.5 0.4 0.2 54 Tuvalu Uganda 27.4 49.9 141.0 44 – – 155.7 31.6 3.2 16.7 3.4 78 – 78 6.31 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.0 58 Uganda Ukraine 10.6 68.0 26.1 63 7.2 1.1 70.7 0.3 2.5 47.4 13.5 19 31 – 1.46 3.0 7.0 0.6 0.0 49 Ukraine United Arab Emirates 10.9 – 34.2 63 – – 54.7 <0.1 0.3 37.4 1.2 99 99 99 – 1.6 3.1 0.3 0.4 97 United Arab Emirates United Kingdom 2.9 – 14.4 ≥80 1.6 0.5 13.8 0.2 0.2 24.7 20.0 94 89 92 – 2.8 8.4 0.5 0.9 89 United Kingdom United Republic of United Republic of Tanzania 32.9 52.9 132.0 39 9.9 2.5 139.0 38.4 2.7 26.7 3.3 97 71 96 4.66 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 69 Tanzania United States of America 10.6 – 22.3 ≥80 4.8 0.8 13.3 0.2 0.9 24.6 19.1 95 – 93 – 2.6 – – 0.9 100 United States of America Uruguay 16.6 – 55.6 79 – – 17.5 0.4 0.4 19.9 14.0 95 92 94 0.05 3.9 5.8 0.7 0.3 87 Uruguay Uzbekistan 11.2 – 29.5 72 – – 81.1 0.4 1.0 24.7 1.3 99 99 99 1.79 2.5 12.5 0.2 0.0 83 Uzbekistan Vanuatu 16.6 50.7 78.0 56 – – 135.6 10.4 0.9 34.5 2.8 64 – – 7.20 0.2 2.2 0.1 0.1 35 Vanuatu Venezuela (Bolivarian Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 45.1 – – 73 – – 34.6 1.4 0.3 – – 84 53 7 0.00 – – – – 94 Republic of) Viet Nam 24.5 69.7 aj 30.1 73 9.8 2.1 64.5 1.6 0.9 45.9 1.0 96 95 – 0.84 0.8 1.4 – 0.3 95 Viet Nam Yemen 21.5 46.9 67.0 39 – – 194.2 10.2 3.8 29.2 7.6 71 49 71 2.44 0.3 0.8 0.0 0.1 48 Yemen Zambia 24.7 63.8 141.0 56 0.3 0.0 127.2 34.9 2.9 24.7 3.1 91 58 90 10.75 0.1 0.9 0.0 0.1 64 Zambia Zimbabwe 28.2 85.2 110.0 55 – – 133.0 24.6 2.2 30.7 1.6 90 63 90 4.94 0.1 1.2 0.0 0.0 72 Zimbabwe

WHO region WHO region African Region 26.6 52.2 99.1 44 10.3 2.6 180.9 45.8 2.7 17.5 2.2 74 24 65 – – – – – 56 African Region Region of the Americas 15.9 83.0 48.6 78 11.1 1.9 29.7 1.1 0.6 21.4 12.4 91 54 84 – – – – – 80 Region of the Americas South-East Asia Region 17.0 75.1 33.0 55 12.8 2.8 165.8 15.4 1.8 31.6 2.2 88 75 9 – – – – – 73 South-East Asia Region European Region 9.3 75.1 16.6 73 7.0 1.0 36.3 0.3 0.7 38.1 20.7 92 88 62 – – – – – 79 European Region Eastern Mediterranean Eastern Mediterranean Region 19.9 63.6 44.5 53 9.5 1.4 125.0 10.6 1.5 34.0 2.2 80 69 48 – – – – – 72 Region Western Pacific Region 17.3 89.7 14.2 75 14.8 3.9 102.8 1.0 1.1 46.0 3.0 97 93 14 – – – – – 79 Western Pacific Region

Global 17.4 77.4 43.9 64 11.7 2.6 114.1 11.7 1.4 33.7 6.2 86 64 42 – – – – – 71 Global

74 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.a 3.b.1 3.b.2 3.c 3.d Proportion ANNEX B of married Total net or in-union Measles- official Part 2 women of Age- Diphtheria- containing- development reproductive Population Population standardized tetanus- vaccine assistance age who have with household with household mortality rate Mortality rate Age-standardized pertussis second-dose Pneumococcal to medical their need expenditures expenditures attributed to attributed to Mortality prevalence of tobacco (DTP3) (MCV2) conjugate 3rd research and Density of Average of 13 for family Adolescent on health on health household exposure to rate from smoking among immunization immunization dose (PCV3) basic health nursing and Density of Density of International Road traffic planning birth rateq > 10% of total > 25% of total and ambient unsafe WASH unintentional coverage coverage by immunization per capitaw Density of midwifery dentistry pharmaceutical Health o c,t c,t c,m persons 15 years x x x x mortality rate satisfied (per 1000 UHC service household household air pollution services poisoning and olderu (%) among the nationally coverage (US$), by physicians personnel personnel personnel Regulations (per 100 000 with modern women aged coverage expenditure or expenditure or (per 100 000 (per 100 000 (per 100 000 1-year-oldsv recommended among 1-year recipient (per 1000 (per 1000 (per 1000 (per 1000 core capacity population) methodsp (%) 15–19 years) indexr incomes (%) incomes (%) population) population) population) Male Female (%) agev (%) oldsv (%) country population) population) population) population) scoresy Data type Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable estimates Primary data Primary data estimates Primary data Primary data estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates Primary data Primary data Primary data Primary data Primary data Other data Member State 2013 2007–2017 2007–2016 2015 2007–2015 2007–2015 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2010–2017 Member State South Sudan 27.9 5.6 aj 158.1 30 – – 165.1 63.3 4.0 – – 26 – – 5.02 – – – – 34 South Sudan Spain 3.7 – 7.7 77 5.7 1.2 9.9 0.2 0.2 31.4 27.4 97 95 – – 3.9 5.3 0.7 1.2 95 Spain Sri Lanka 17.4 74.1 20.3 62 2.9 0.1 79.8 1.2 0.4 27.0 0.3 99 99 – 0.98 0.9 2.8 0.1 0.1 76 Sri Lanka Sudan 24.3 30.2 87.0 43 – – 184.9 17.3 3.9 – – 93 69 93 3.34 0.3 1.2 0.0 0.0 67 Sudan Suriname 19.1 73.2 aj 57.7 68 – – 56.7 2.0 0.4 42.9 7.4 91 44 – 1.09 – – – – 72 Suriname Swaziland 24.2 80.6 87.0 58 13.4 2.0 137.0 27.9 3.3 16.5 1.7 90 89 90 13.21 0.1 1.4 0.0 0.0 75 Swaziland Sweden 2.8 – 4.4 ≥80 – – 7.2 0.2 0.4 18.9 18.8 98 95 97 – 4.2 11.9 0.8 0.8 93 Sweden Switzerland 3.3 – 2.6 ≥80 – – 10.1 0.1 0.1 28.9 22.6 97 89 81 – 4.2 18.2 0.5 0.5 91 Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic 20.0 53.3 54.0 60 – – 75.2 3.7 0.4 – – 42 52 – 0.71 1.5 2.3 0.9 1.5 64 Syrian Arab Republic Tajikistan 18.8 50.8 54.0 65 11.3 2.7 129.3 2.7 1.2 – – 96 97 – 3.07 1.7 5.3 0.2 – 89 Tajikistan Thailand 36.2 89.2 51.0 75 3.4 0.7 61.5 3.5 0.4 38.8 1.9 99 95 – 0.37 0.5 2.3 0.3 0.2 97 Thailand

Global 17.4 77.4 43.9 64 11.7 2.6 114.1 11.7 1.4 33.7 6.2 86 64 42 – – – – – 71 Global

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 75 1.a 2.2 6.1 6.2 7.1 11.6 13.1 16.1 17.19.2 Domestic ANNEX B general government Part 3 health expenditure Proportion of Annual mean (GGHE-D) as population Proportion of concentrations Average Estimated percentage using safely population Proportion of of fine death rate Mortality direct deaths of general Prevalence Prevalence Prevalence of managed using safely population with particulate due to natural rate due to from major Completeness c,m,ac c,m c,m,ac,ad government of stunting of wasting overweight drinking- managed primary reliance matter (PM2.5) in disasters homicide conflicts of cause-of- expenditure in children in children in children water sanitation on clean fuelst urban areast (per 100 000 (per 100 000 (per 100 000 death datac,m,ae (GGE)d,z (%) under 5aa (%) under 5aa (%) under 5aa (%) servicesab (%) servicesab (%) (%) (µg/m3) population) population) population) (%) Data type Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable estimates Primary data Primary data Primary data estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates Member State 2015 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2015 2015 2016 2016 2012–2016 2016 2012–2016 2007–2016 Member State Afghanistan 2.0 40.9 9.5 5.4 – – 32 59.9 0.7 7.4 37.3 – Afghanistan Albania 9.5 23.1 9.4 23.4 69 65 77 18.2 0.0 4.2 <0.1 55 ar Albania Algeria 10.7 11.7 4.1 12.4 – 19 93 34.5 <0.1 4.2 0.7 – Algeria Andorra 18.5 – – – – 100 >95 aq 11.5 – – – 100 Andorra Angola 3.7 37.6 4.9 3.3 – – 48 28.4 <0.1 9.8 <0.1 – Angola Antigua and Barbuda 14.9 – – – – – >95 18.0 0.0 1.8 0.0 87 Antigua and Barbuda Argentina 12.3 – – – – 26 >95 11.7 <0.1 6.2 <0.1 100 Argentina Armenia 6.1 9.4 4.2 13.6 61 – >95 32.9 0.0 2.4 <0.1 100 Armenia Australia – 2.0 am 0.0 am 7.7 am – 74 >95 aq 7.3 <0.1 1.1 <0.1 100 Australia Austria 15.1 – – – 99 97 >95 aq 13.1 0.2 0.5 <0.1 100 Austria Azerbaijan 4.1 18.0 3.1 13.0 72 – >95 18.5 0.0 2.4 0.8 95 ar Azerbaijan Bahamas 14.2 – – – – – >95 aq 19.0 0.0 29.7 0.0 86 Bahamas Bahrain 9.5 – – – 99 93 >95 aq 69.0 0.0 0.8 0.3 96 Bahrain Bangladesh 2.8 36.1 14.3 1.4 56 – 18 58.6 <0.1 2.9 <0.1 – Bangladesh Barbados 7.4 7.7 6.8 12.2 – – >95 22.4 0.0 10.0 0.0 78 Barbados Belarus 8.5 – – – 94 76 >95 19.3 0.0 5.2 <0.1 100 Belarus Belgium 16.0 – – – 98 97 >95 aq 13.0 <0.1 1.0 <0.1 100 Belgium Belize 11.1 15.0 1.8 7.3 – – 85 20.9 0.0 29.4 0.0 86 Belize Benin 3.4 34.0 4.5 1.7 – – 6 30.4 <0.1 6.4 0.0 – Benin Bhutan 9.1 33.6 5.9 7.6 34 – 52 35.4 0.0 1.7 0.0 – Bhutan Bolivia (Plurinational Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 9.8 16.1 2.0 10.1 – 19 80 23.3 0.4 14.1 0.0 – State of) Bosnia and Herzegovina 14.9 8.9 2.3 17.4 89 23 63 29.7 0.1 3.3 <0.1 93 Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana 8.8 31.4 7.2 11.2 – – 64 20.9 0.1 11.4 0.0 – Botswana Brazil 7.7 7.1 1.6 7.3 – 39 >95 11.8 <0.1 31.3 0.3 97 Brazil Brunei Darussalam 6.4 19.7 2.9 8.3 – – >95 aq 5.8 0.0 2.0 0.0 97 Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria 10.3 – – – 97 74 89 20.8 <0.1 1.7 <0.1 100 Bulgaria Burkina Faso 7.2 27.3 7.6 1.2 – – 9 36.3 <0.1 9.8 0.2 – Burkina Faso Burundi 11.8 55.9 5.1 1.4 – – <5 35.6 0.2 6.6 1.5 – Burundi Cabo Verde 10.8 – – – – – 71 31.6 0.0 8.2 0.0 92 Cabo Verde Cambodia 6.1 32.4 9.6 2.0 24 – 18 24.9 0.3 2.2 0.0 – Cambodia Cameroon 3.1 31.7 5.2 6.7 – – 23 65.4 <0.1 11.6 3.7 – Cameroon Canada 19.1 – – – – 77 >95 aq 6.7 <0.1 1.5 <0.1 100 Canada Central African Republic 4.1 40.7 7.4 1.8 – – <5 51.2 0.0 13.8 32.4 – Central African Republic Chad 6.3 39.9 13.0 2.5 – – <5 50.8 <0.1 9.6 3.8 – Chad Chile 19.6 1.8 0.3 9.3 98 85 92 23.1 0.1 4.4 <0.1 97 Chile China 10.1 8.1 1.9 6.6 as – 60 59 51.0 <0.1 0.9 <0.1 62 China Colombia 12.2 12.7 0.9 4.8 71 20 92 17.2 0.3 43.1 0.5 79 Colombia Comoros 3.8 32.1 11.1 10.9 – – 9 18.6 0.1 7.9 0.0 – Comoros Congo 3.1 21.2 8.2 5.9 37 – 24 36.4 <0.1 10.2 0.4 – Congo Cook Islands 5.1 – – – – – 84 – – – – 100 Cook Islands Costa Rica 18.8 5.6 1.0 8.1 90 – 93 16.7 <0.1 10.2 0.0 87 Costa Rica Côte d'Ivoire 5.0 21.6 6.0 1.5 46 – 18 23.9 <0.1 12.1 <0.1 – Côte d'Ivoire Croatia 11.7 – – – 90 60 93 17.6 <0.1 1.0 <0.1 100 Croatia Cuba – – – – – 31 79 21.6 0.3 5.5 <0.1 100 Cuba Cyprus 7.1 – – – 100 76 >95 aq 17.1 0.0 1.4 <0.1 74 Cyprus Czechia 14.3 – – – 98 91 >95 15.6 <0.1 0.8 <0.1 100 Czechia Democratic People's Democratic People's Republic of Korea – 27.9 4.0 0.0 – – 11 31.0 0.3 4.4 <0.1 – Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of Democratic Republic of the Congo 5.0 42.6 8.1 4.4 – – <5 37.4 <0.1 13.3 2.2 – the Congo Denmark 15.8 – – – 97 93 >95 aq 10.3 <0.1 0.8 <0.1 100 Denmark Djibouti 4.1 33.5 21.5 8.1 – – 12 41.0 0.0 6.8 2.0 – Djibouti Dominica 10.6 – – – – – 91 18.8 – – – 100 Dominica Dominican Republic 9.5 7.1 2.4 7.6 – – 90 13.3 <0.1 16.8 0.0 59 Dominican Republic

76 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 1.a 2.2 6.1 6.2 7.1 11.6 13.1 16.1 17.19.2 Domestic ANNEX B general government Part 3 health expenditure Proportion of Annual mean (GGHE-D) as population Proportion of concentrations Average Estimated percentage using safely population Proportion of of fine death rate Mortality direct deaths of general Prevalence Prevalence Prevalence of managed using safely population with particulate due to natural rate due to from major Completeness c,m,ac c,m c,m,ac,ad government of stunting of wasting overweight drinking- managed primary reliance matter (PM2.5) in disasters homicide conflicts of cause-of- expenditure in children in children in children water sanitation on clean fuelst urban areast (per 100 000 (per 100 000 (per 100 000 death datac,m,ae (GGE)d,z (%) under 5aa (%) under 5aa (%) under 5aa (%) servicesab (%) servicesab (%) (%) (µg/m3) population) population) population) (%) Data type Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable estimates Primary data Primary data Primary data estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates Member State 2015 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2015 2015 2016 2016 2012–2016 2016 2012–2016 2007–2016 Member State Afghanistan 2.0 40.9 9.5 5.4 – – 32 59.9 0.7 7.4 37.3 – Afghanistan Albania 9.5 23.1 9.4 23.4 69 65 77 18.2 0.0 4.2 <0.1 55 ar Albania Algeria 10.7 11.7 4.1 12.4 – 19 93 34.5 <0.1 4.2 0.7 – Algeria Andorra 18.5 – – – – 100 >95 aq 11.5 – – – 100 Andorra Angola 3.7 37.6 4.9 3.3 – – 48 28.4 <0.1 9.8 <0.1 – Angola Antigua and Barbuda 14.9 – – – – – >95 18.0 0.0 1.8 0.0 87 Antigua and Barbuda Argentina 12.3 – – – – 26 >95 11.7 <0.1 6.2 <0.1 100 Argentina Armenia 6.1 9.4 4.2 13.6 61 – >95 32.9 0.0 2.4 <0.1 100 Armenia Australia – 2.0 am 0.0 am 7.7 am – 74 >95 aq 7.3 <0.1 1.1 <0.1 100 Australia Austria 15.1 – – – 99 97 >95 aq 13.1 0.2 0.5 <0.1 100 Austria Azerbaijan 4.1 18.0 3.1 13.0 72 – >95 18.5 0.0 2.4 0.8 95 ar Azerbaijan Bahamas 14.2 – – – – – >95 aq 19.0 0.0 29.7 0.0 86 Bahamas Bahrain 9.5 – – – 99 93 >95 aq 69.0 0.0 0.8 0.3 96 Bahrain Bangladesh 2.8 36.1 14.3 1.4 56 – 18 58.6 <0.1 2.9 <0.1 – Bangladesh Barbados 7.4 7.7 6.8 12.2 – – >95 22.4 0.0 10.0 0.0 78 Barbados Belarus 8.5 – – – 94 76 >95 19.3 0.0 5.2 <0.1 100 Belarus Belgium 16.0 – – – 98 97 >95 aq 13.0 <0.1 1.0 <0.1 100 Belgium Belize 11.1 15.0 1.8 7.3 – – 85 20.9 0.0 29.4 0.0 86 Belize Benin 3.4 34.0 4.5 1.7 – – 6 30.4 <0.1 6.4 0.0 – Benin Bhutan 9.1 33.6 5.9 7.6 34 – 52 35.4 0.0 1.7 0.0 – Bhutan Bolivia (Plurinational Bolivia (Plurinational State of) 9.8 16.1 2.0 10.1 – 19 80 23.3 0.4 14.1 0.0 – State of) Bosnia and Herzegovina 14.9 8.9 2.3 17.4 89 23 63 29.7 0.1 3.3 <0.1 93 Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana 8.8 31.4 7.2 11.2 – – 64 20.9 0.1 11.4 0.0 – Botswana Brazil 7.7 7.1 1.6 7.3 – 39 >95 11.8 <0.1 31.3 0.3 97 Brazil Brunei Darussalam 6.4 19.7 2.9 8.3 – – >95 aq 5.8 0.0 2.0 0.0 97 Brunei Darussalam Bulgaria 10.3 – – – 97 74 89 20.8 <0.1 1.7 <0.1 100 Bulgaria Burkina Faso 7.2 27.3 7.6 1.2 – – 9 36.3 <0.1 9.8 0.2 – Burkina Faso Burundi 11.8 55.9 5.1 1.4 – – <5 35.6 0.2 6.6 1.5 – Burundi Cabo Verde 10.8 – – – – – 71 31.6 0.0 8.2 0.0 92 Cabo Verde Cambodia 6.1 32.4 9.6 2.0 24 – 18 24.9 0.3 2.2 0.0 – Cambodia Cameroon 3.1 31.7 5.2 6.7 – – 23 65.4 <0.1 11.6 3.7 – Cameroon Canada 19.1 – – – – 77 >95 aq 6.7 <0.1 1.5 <0.1 100 Canada Central African Republic 4.1 40.7 7.4 1.8 – – <5 51.2 0.0 13.8 32.4 – Central African Republic Chad 6.3 39.9 13.0 2.5 – – <5 50.8 <0.1 9.6 3.8 – Chad Chile 19.6 1.8 0.3 9.3 98 85 92 23.1 0.1 4.4 <0.1 97 Chile China 10.1 8.1 1.9 6.6 as – 60 59 51.0 <0.1 0.9 <0.1 62 China Colombia 12.2 12.7 0.9 4.8 71 20 92 17.2 0.3 43.1 0.5 79 Colombia Comoros 3.8 32.1 11.1 10.9 – – 9 18.6 0.1 7.9 0.0 – Comoros Congo 3.1 21.2 8.2 5.9 37 – 24 36.4 <0.1 10.2 0.4 – Congo Cook Islands 5.1 – – – – – 84 – – – – 100 Cook Islands Costa Rica 18.8 5.6 1.0 8.1 90 – 93 16.7 <0.1 10.2 0.0 87 Costa Rica Côte d'Ivoire 5.0 21.6 6.0 1.5 46 – 18 23.9 <0.1 12.1 <0.1 – Côte d'Ivoire Croatia 11.7 – – – 90 60 93 17.6 <0.1 1.0 <0.1 100 Croatia Cuba – – – – – 31 79 21.6 0.3 5.5 <0.1 100 Cuba Cyprus 7.1 – – – 100 76 >95 aq 17.1 0.0 1.4 <0.1 74 Cyprus Czechia 14.3 – – – 98 91 >95 15.6 <0.1 0.8 <0.1 100 Czechia Democratic People's Democratic People's Republic of Korea – 27.9 4.0 0.0 – – 11 31.0 0.3 4.4 <0.1 – Republic of Korea Democratic Republic of Democratic Republic of the Congo 5.0 42.6 8.1 4.4 – – <5 37.4 <0.1 13.3 2.2 – the Congo Denmark 15.8 – – – 97 93 >95 aq 10.3 <0.1 0.8 <0.1 100 Denmark Djibouti 4.1 33.5 21.5 8.1 – – 12 41.0 0.0 6.8 2.0 – Djibouti Dominica 10.6 – – – – – 91 18.8 – – – 100 Dominica Dominican Republic 9.5 7.1 2.4 7.6 – – 90 13.3 <0.1 16.8 0.0 59 Dominican Republic

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 77 1.a 2.2 6.1 6.2 7.1 11.6 13.1 16.1 17.19.2 Domestic ANNEX B general government Part 3 health expenditure Proportion of Annual mean (GGHE-D) as population Proportion of concentrations Average Estimated percentage using safely population Proportion of of fine death rate Mortality direct deaths of general Prevalence Prevalence Prevalence of managed using safely population with particulate due to natural rate due to from major Completeness c,m,ac c,m c,m,ac,ad government of stunting of wasting overweight drinking- managed primary reliance matter (PM2.5) in disasters homicide conflicts of cause-of- expenditure in children in children in children water sanitation on clean fuelst urban areast (per 100 000 (per 100 000 (per 100 000 death datac,m,ae (GGE)d,z (%) under 5aa (%) under 5aa (%) under 5aa (%) servicesab (%) servicesab (%) (%) (µg/m3) population) population) population) (%) Data type Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable estimates Primary data Primary data Primary data estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates Member State 2015 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2015 2015 2016 2016 2012–2016 2016 2012–2016 2007–2016 Member State Ecuador 11.0 23.9 1.6 8.0 74 42 >95 15.5 0.6 9.3 <0.1 81 Ecuador Egypt 4.2 22.3 9.5 15.7 – 61 >95 79.6 0.0 4.8 0.6 94 Egypt El Salvador 19.1 13.6 2.1 6.4 – – 86 23.8 0.0 46.0 0.0 92 El Salvador Equatorial Guinea 1.3 26.2 3.1 9.7 – – 34 49.1 0.0 3.4 0.0 – Equatorial Guinea Eritrea 1.8 50.3 15.3 1.9 – – 16 41.1 0.0 7.8 0.0 – Eritrea Estonia 12.2 – – – 82 93 93 7.0 <0.1 3.7 <0.1 100 Estonia Ethiopia 6.0 38.4 9.9 2.8 11 – <5 34.0 0.0 7.8 0.2 – Ethiopia Fiji 7.2 – – – – – 40 10.5 0.4 2.5 0.0 100 Fiji Finland 12.8 – – – 97 92 >95 aq 6.5 <0.1 1.3 <0.1 100 Finland France 15.3 – – – 93 92 >95 aq 12.4 <0.1 0.9 <0.1 100 France Gabon 7.0 17.5 3.4 7.7 – – 79 37.8 0.0 8.8 0.0 – Gabon Gambia 10.6 25.0 11.1 3.2 – – <5 32.3 <0.1 9.3 0.0 – Gambia Georgia 10.5 11.3 1.6 19.9 73 – 78 24.0 0.1 4.6 <0.1 90 Georgia Germany 21.4 – – – 99 95 >95 aq 11.9 <0.1 0.7 <0.1 100 Germany Ghana 7.1 18.8 4.7 2.6 27 – 22 31.1 0.2 9.7 0.0 – Ghana Greece 9.1 – – – 99 75 94 16.4 0.2 1.1 <0.1 100 Greece Grenada 7.4 – – – – – >95 21.8 0.2 6.3 0.0 100 Grenada Guatemala 14.9 46.5 0.7 4.7 61 – 45 24.2 0.2 25.8 <0.1 100 Guatemala Guinea 2.7 32.4 8.1 4.0 – – <5 22.2 0.0 8.9 0.2 – Guinea Guinea–Bissau 9.5 27.6 6.0 2.3 – – <5 26.5 0.0 9.2 <0.1 – Guinea–Bissau Guyana 7.8 12.0 6.4 5.3 – – 74 21.6 <0.1 18.8 0.2 90 Guyana Haiti 3.3 21.9 5.2 3.6 – – <5 14.7 1.3 28.0 0.0 – Haiti Honduras 11.3 22.7 1.4 5.2 – – 53 21.5 <0.1 55.5 <0.1 14 Honduras Hungary 9.7 – – – 82 76 >95 aq 16.3 <0.1 1.3 <0.1 100 Hungary Iceland 16.4 – – – 98 69 >95 aq 5.9 0.0 1.2 <0.1 100 Iceland India 3.4 38.4 21.0 2.1 – – 41 ak 68.0 ak 0.2 4.1 <0.1 10 ar India Indonesia 7.4 36.4 13.5 11.5 – – 58 16.4 <0.1 4.5 <0.1 – Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) 22.6 6.8 4.0 – 91 – >95 34.4 0.1 4.5 <0.1 88 Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq 1.7 22.6 7.4 11.8 – 32 >95 60.1 <0.1 15.5 86.3 78 ar Iraq Ireland 18.4 – – – 99 70 >95 aq 8.7 <0.1 0.8 0.0 100 Ireland Israel – – – – 99 93 >95 ak,aq 19.4 ak <0.1 1.8 0.3 100 Israel Italy 13.4 – – – 94 95 >95 aq 15.7 0.2 0.8 <0.1 100 Italy Jamaica 12.6 6.2 3.6 8.5 – – 90 13.6 0.0 39.1 0.0 88 ar Jamaica Japan – 7.1 2.3 1.5 97 100 >95 aq 11.8 <0.1 0.3 <0.1 100 Japan Jordan 12.4 7.8 2.4 4.7 93 77 >95 31.7 0.0 2.9 <0.1 59 Jordan Kazakhstan 10.9 8.0 3.1 9.3 – – >95 14.5 <0.1 8.1 <0.1 87 Kazakhstan Kenya 6.3 26.0 4.0 4.1 – – 13 25.8 <0.1 5.3 0.7 – Kenya Kiribati 6.3 – – – – – 6 10.9 0.0 9.1 0.0 56 Kiribati Kuwait 6.2 4.9 3.1 6.0 ap 100 100 >95 aq 58.9 <0.1 2.7 0.2 59 Kuwait Kyrgyzstan 9.9 12.9 2.8 7.0 66 – 81 17.4 0.3 5.8 <0.1 96 Kyrgyzstan Lao People's Democratic Lao People's Democratic Republic 3.8 43.8 6.4 2.0 – – 6 25.5 <0.1 7.0 <0.1 – Republic Latvia 8.9 – – – 82 78 >95 14.4 <0.1 6.0 0.0 100 Latvia Lebanon 14.3 – – – 48 20 – 30.7 0.0 4.5 3.3 – Lebanon Lesotho 9.3 33.2 2.8 7.4 – – 36 28.1 0.0 35.0 <0.1 – Lesotho Liberia 2.7 32.1 5.6 3.2 – – <5 17.0 0.0 10.0 0.0 – Liberia Libya – 21.0 6.5 22.4 – 26 – 41.7 <0.1 2.5 28.7 – Libya Lithuania 12.2 – – – 92 61 >95 ak,aq 12.3 ak 0.4 5.9 0.0 100 Lithuania Luxembourg 12.1 – – – 98 94 >95 aq 10.4 0.0 0.2 0.0 100 Luxembourg Madagascar 15.6 49.2 – – – – <5 22.5 0.2 6.9 <0.1 – Madagascar Malawi 10.8 37.1 2.7 4.5 – – <5 21.9 0.2 1.5 0.0 – Malawi Malaysia 8.3 20.7 11.5 6.0 92 82 >95 17.3 <0.1 4.1 <0.1 52 Malaysia Maldives 22.8 20.3 10.2 6.5 – – 94 7.7 0.0 3.4 0.9 94 ar Maldives Mali 4.5 30.4 13.5 1.9 – – <5 29.0 <0.1 11.3 3.9 – Mali Malta 14.2 – – – 100 93 >95 aq 14.0 <0.1 0.9 0.0 100 Malta

78 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 1.a 2.2 6.1 6.2 7.1 11.6 13.1 16.1 17.19.2 Domestic ANNEX B general government Part 3 health expenditure Proportion of Annual mean (GGHE-D) as population Proportion of concentrations Average Estimated percentage using safely population Proportion of of fine death rate Mortality direct deaths of general Prevalence Prevalence Prevalence of managed using safely population with particulate due to natural rate due to from major Completeness c,m,ac c,m c,m,ac,ad government of stunting of wasting overweight drinking- managed primary reliance matter (PM2.5) in disasters homicide conflicts of cause-of- expenditure in children in children in children water sanitation on clean fuelst urban areast (per 100 000 (per 100 000 (per 100 000 death datac,m,ae (GGE)d,z (%) under 5aa (%) under 5aa (%) under 5aa (%) servicesab (%) servicesab (%) (%) (µg/m3) population) population) population) (%) Data type Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable estimates Primary data Primary data Primary data estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates Member State 2015 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2015 2015 2016 2016 2012–2016 2016 2012–2016 2007–2016 Member State Ecuador 11.0 23.9 1.6 8.0 74 42 >95 15.5 0.6 9.3 <0.1 81 Ecuador Egypt 4.2 22.3 9.5 15.7 – 61 >95 79.6 0.0 4.8 0.6 94 Egypt El Salvador 19.1 13.6 2.1 6.4 – – 86 23.8 0.0 46.0 0.0 92 El Salvador Equatorial Guinea 1.3 26.2 3.1 9.7 – – 34 49.1 0.0 3.4 0.0 – Equatorial Guinea Eritrea 1.8 50.3 15.3 1.9 – – 16 41.1 0.0 7.8 0.0 – Eritrea Estonia 12.2 – – – 82 93 93 7.0 <0.1 3.7 <0.1 100 Estonia Ethiopia 6.0 38.4 9.9 2.8 11 – <5 34.0 0.0 7.8 0.2 – Ethiopia Fiji 7.2 – – – – – 40 10.5 0.4 2.5 0.0 100 Fiji Finland 12.8 – – – 97 92 >95 aq 6.5 <0.1 1.3 <0.1 100 Finland France 15.3 – – – 93 92 >95 aq 12.4 <0.1 0.9 <0.1 100 France Gabon 7.0 17.5 3.4 7.7 – – 79 37.8 0.0 8.8 0.0 – Gabon Gambia 10.6 25.0 11.1 3.2 – – <5 32.3 <0.1 9.3 0.0 – Gambia Georgia 10.5 11.3 1.6 19.9 73 – 78 24.0 0.1 4.6 <0.1 90 Georgia Germany 21.4 – – – 99 95 >95 aq 11.9 <0.1 0.7 <0.1 100 Germany Ghana 7.1 18.8 4.7 2.6 27 – 22 31.1 0.2 9.7 0.0 – Ghana Greece 9.1 – – – 99 75 94 16.4 0.2 1.1 <0.1 100 Greece Grenada 7.4 – – – – – >95 21.8 0.2 6.3 0.0 100 Grenada Guatemala 14.9 46.5 0.7 4.7 61 – 45 24.2 0.2 25.8 <0.1 100 Guatemala Guinea 2.7 32.4 8.1 4.0 – – <5 22.2 0.0 8.9 0.2 – Guinea Guinea–Bissau 9.5 27.6 6.0 2.3 – – <5 26.5 0.0 9.2 <0.1 – Guinea–Bissau Guyana 7.8 12.0 6.4 5.3 – – 74 21.6 <0.1 18.8 0.2 90 Guyana Haiti 3.3 21.9 5.2 3.6 – – <5 14.7 1.3 28.0 0.0 – Haiti Honduras 11.3 22.7 1.4 5.2 – – 53 21.5 <0.1 55.5 <0.1 14 Honduras Hungary 9.7 – – – 82 76 >95 aq 16.3 <0.1 1.3 <0.1 100 Hungary Iceland 16.4 – – – 98 69 >95 aq 5.9 0.0 1.2 <0.1 100 Iceland India 3.4 38.4 21.0 2.1 – – 41 ak 68.0 ak 0.2 4.1 <0.1 10 ar India Indonesia 7.4 36.4 13.5 11.5 – – 58 16.4 <0.1 4.5 <0.1 – Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) 22.6 6.8 4.0 – 91 – >95 34.4 0.1 4.5 <0.1 88 Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq 1.7 22.6 7.4 11.8 – 32 >95 60.1 <0.1 15.5 86.3 78 ar Iraq Ireland 18.4 – – – 99 70 >95 aq 8.7 <0.1 0.8 0.0 100 Ireland Israel – – – – 99 93 >95 ak,aq 19.4 ak <0.1 1.8 0.3 100 Israel Italy 13.4 – – – 94 95 >95 aq 15.7 0.2 0.8 <0.1 100 Italy Jamaica 12.6 6.2 3.6 8.5 – – 90 13.6 0.0 39.1 0.0 88 ar Jamaica Japan – 7.1 2.3 1.5 97 100 >95 aq 11.8 <0.1 0.3 <0.1 100 Japan Jordan 12.4 7.8 2.4 4.7 93 77 >95 31.7 0.0 2.9 <0.1 59 Jordan Kazakhstan 10.9 8.0 3.1 9.3 – – >95 14.5 <0.1 8.1 <0.1 87 Kazakhstan Kenya 6.3 26.0 4.0 4.1 – – 13 25.8 <0.1 5.3 0.7 – Kenya Kiribati 6.3 – – – – – 6 10.9 0.0 9.1 0.0 56 Kiribati Kuwait 6.2 4.9 3.1 6.0 ap 100 100 >95 aq 58.9 <0.1 2.7 0.2 59 Kuwait Kyrgyzstan 9.9 12.9 2.8 7.0 66 – 81 17.4 0.3 5.8 <0.1 96 Kyrgyzstan Lao People's Democratic Lao People's Democratic Republic 3.8 43.8 6.4 2.0 – – 6 25.5 <0.1 7.0 <0.1 – Republic Latvia 8.9 – – – 82 78 >95 14.4 <0.1 6.0 0.0 100 Latvia Lebanon 14.3 – – – 48 20 – 30.7 0.0 4.5 3.3 – Lebanon Lesotho 9.3 33.2 2.8 7.4 – – 36 28.1 0.0 35.0 <0.1 – Lesotho Liberia 2.7 32.1 5.6 3.2 – – <5 17.0 0.0 10.0 0.0 – Liberia Libya – 21.0 6.5 22.4 – 26 – 41.7 <0.1 2.5 28.7 – Libya Lithuania 12.2 – – – 92 61 >95 ak,aq 12.3 ak 0.4 5.9 0.0 100 Lithuania Luxembourg 12.1 – – – 98 94 >95 aq 10.4 0.0 0.2 0.0 100 Luxembourg Madagascar 15.6 49.2 – – – – <5 22.5 0.2 6.9 <0.1 – Madagascar Malawi 10.8 37.1 2.7 4.5 – – <5 21.9 0.2 1.5 0.0 – Malawi Malaysia 8.3 20.7 11.5 6.0 92 82 >95 17.3 <0.1 4.1 <0.1 52 Malaysia Maldives 22.8 20.3 10.2 6.5 – – 94 7.7 0.0 3.4 0.9 94 ar Maldives Mali 4.5 30.4 13.5 1.9 – – <5 29.0 <0.1 11.3 3.9 – Mali Malta 14.2 – – – 100 93 >95 aq 14.0 <0.1 0.9 0.0 100 Malta

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 79 1.a 2.2 6.1 6.2 7.1 11.6 13.1 16.1 17.19.2 Domestic ANNEX B general government Part 3 health expenditure Proportion of Annual mean (GGHE-D) as population Proportion of concentrations Average Estimated percentage using safely population Proportion of of fine death rate Mortality direct deaths of general Prevalence Prevalence Prevalence of managed using safely population with particulate due to natural rate due to from major Completeness c,m,ac c,m c,m,ac,ad government of stunting of wasting overweight drinking- managed primary reliance matter (PM2.5) in disasters homicide conflicts of cause-of- expenditure in children in children in children water sanitation on clean fuelst urban areast (per 100 000 (per 100 000 (per 100 000 death datac,m,ae (GGE)d,z (%) under 5aa (%) under 5aa (%) under 5aa (%) servicesab (%) servicesab (%) (%) (µg/m3) population) population) population) (%) Data type Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable estimates Primary data Primary data Primary data estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates Member State 2015 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2015 2015 2016 2016 2012–2016 2016 2012–2016 2007–2016 Member State Marshall Islands 21.2 – – – – – 65 – – – – – Marshall Islands Mauritania 5.5 27.9 14.8 1.3 – – 47 41.7 <0.1 11.0 0.0 – Mauritania Mauritius 9.9 – – – – – 93 13.5 0.2 1.6 0.0 98 Mauritius Mexico 11.3 12.4 1.0 5.2 43 45 85 20.9 0.1 16.9 2.1 100 Mexico Micronesia (Federated Micronesia (Federated States of) 6.1 – – – – – 12 10.5 1.3 4.8 0.0 – States of) Monaco 8.1 – – – 100 100 >95 aq 12.2 – – – 100 Monaco Mongolia 6.0 10.8 1.0 10.5 – – 43 49.5 0.0 8.9 0.0 84 Mongolia Montenegro 8.8 9.4 2.8 22.3 90 – 69 19.3 0.0 2.6 0.0 94 ar Montenegro Morocco 7.7 14.9 2.3 10.7 69 38 >95 31.1 <0.1 1.4 0.0 29 Morocco Mozambique 1.2 43.1 6.1 7.9 – – <5 18.4 0.2 2.5 0.1 – Mozambique Myanmar 4.9 29.2 7.0 1.3 – – 18 34.6 <0.1 4.1 1.9 – Myanmar Namibia 12.9 23.1 7.1 4.1 – – 42 21.0 0.0 18.3 0.0 – Namibia Nauru 5.2 24.0 1.0 2.8 – – 91 12.5 – – – – Nauru Nepal 5.5 35.8 9.7 1.2 27 – 28 99.5 7.0 3.3 <0.1 – Nepal Netherlands 19.0 – – – 100 97 >95 aq 12.1 <0.1 0.7 0.2 100 Netherlands New Zealand – – – – 100 76 >95 aq 5.8 <0.1 1.1 <0.1 100 New Zealand Nicaragua 17.4 17.3 2.2 8.3 59 – 52 19.0 0.1 13.9 <0.1 78 Nicaragua Niger 4.6 42.2 10.3 3.0 – 9 <5 73.0 0.2 10.4 1.2 – Niger Nigeria 5.3 43.6 10.8 1.5 19 – <5 46.3 <0.1 9.8 4.1 – Nigeria Niue 2.2 – – – 97 – 93 – – – – – Niue Norway 17.5 – – – 95 78 >95 aq 7.8 <0.1 0.6 <0.1 100 Norway Oman 6.7 14.1 7.5 4.4 88 – >95 36.2 0.0 5.2 0.0 73 Oman Pakistan 3.7 45.0 10.5 4.8 36 – 43 56.2 0.3 9.6 6.9 – Pakistan Palau 13.1 – – – – 20 87 12.4 – – – 95 Palau Panama 11.3 19.1 1.2 – – – 89 12.0 0.3 20.5 0.0 92 Panama Papua New Guinea 8.7 49.5 14.3 13.8 – – 13 11.5 0.2 10.2 0.1 – Papua New Guinea Paraguay 10.8 5.6 1.0 12.4 – – 66 11.7 <0.1 8.6 0.1 80 Paraguay Peru 14.4 13.1 1.0 7.2 50 30 75 29.0 <0.1 11.6 <0.1 57 Peru Philippines 7.4 33.4 7.1 3.9 – – 43 18.7 2.1 14.8 1.6 89 ar Philippines Poland 10.7 – – – 94 77 >95 aq 21.5 <0.1 0.9 <0.1 100 Poland Portugal 12.3 – – – 95 62 >95 ak,aq 8.1 ak <0.1 1.2 0.0 100 Portugal Qatar 6.3 – – – – 88 >95 91.7 0.0 7.4 0.0 55 Qatar Republic of Korea 12.9 2.5 am 1.2 am 7.3 am 98 98 >95 24.7 <0.1 1.3 0.5 100 Republic of Korea Republic of Moldova 12.2 6.4 1.9 4.9 70 – 92 16.5 <0.1 5.3 0.0 83 Republic of Moldova Romania 10.8 – – – 82 57 86 15.4 0.1 1.6 <0.1 100 Romania Russian Federation 9.6 – – – 76 – >95 14.7 <0.1 11.3 0.3 100 Russian Federation Rwanda 6.2 36.7 1.7 7.7 – – <5 40.7 <0.1 5.5 0.3 – Rwanda Saint Kitts and Nevis 6.5 – – – – – >95 aq 12.3 – – – 88 Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia 8.5 2.5 3.7 6.3 – – >95 21.2 0.7 15.6 0.0 94 Saint Lucia

Saint Vincent and the 13.8 <0.1 100 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 10.0 – – – – – >95 21.4 2.2 Grenadines Samoa 11.5 4.7 3.7 5.4 – – 32 10.9 1.2 3.2 0.0 – Samoa San Marino 14.3 – – – 100 78 >95 aq 13.4 – – – 100 San Marino Sao Tome and Principe 10.7 17.2 4.0 2.4 – – 17 25.2 0.0 7.0 0.0 – Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia 10.1 – – – – 84 >95 86.7 <0.1 6.2 0.2 42 Saudi Arabia Senegal 4.2 17.0 7.2 0.9 – 24 32 39.7 <0.1 7.8 <0.1 – Senegal Serbia 12.3 6.0 3.9 13.9 88 24 76 24.7 0.1 1.6 <0.1 95 Serbia Seychelles 10.0 7.9 ao 4.3 ao 10.2 ao – – 90 18.6 0.0 9.9 0.0 91 Seychelles Sierra Leone 7.9 37.9 9.4 8.9 – – <5 20.6 0.0 13.1 0.0 – Sierra Leone Singapore 12.0 – – – 100 100 >95 aq 18.3 0.0 0.2 <0.1 68 Singapore Slovakia 12.0 – – – 93 82 >95 18.0 <0.1 1.3 0.0 100 Slovakia Slovenia 12.7 – – – 98 76 >95 16.4 <0.1 0.7 0.1 100 Slovenia Solomon Islands 10.6 31.6 7.9 3.9 – – 8 11.5 2.0 4.3 0.0 – Solomon Islands Somalia – 25.3 15.0 3.0 – 14 <5 28.0 0.3 5.6 28.2 – Somalia South Africa 14.1 27.4 2.5 13.3 – – 85 24.3 <0.1 33.1 <0.1 92 South Africa

80 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 1.a 2.2 6.1 6.2 7.1 11.6 13.1 16.1 17.19.2 Domestic ANNEX B general government Part 3 health expenditure Proportion of Annual mean (GGHE-D) as population Proportion of concentrations Average Estimated percentage using safely population Proportion of of fine death rate Mortality direct deaths of general Prevalence Prevalence Prevalence of managed using safely population with particulate due to natural rate due to from major Completeness c,m,ac c,m c,m,ac,ad government of stunting of wasting overweight drinking- managed primary reliance matter (PM2.5) in disasters homicide conflicts of cause-of- expenditure in children in children in children water sanitation on clean fuelst urban areast (per 100 000 (per 100 000 (per 100 000 death datac,m,ae (GGE)d,z (%) under 5aa (%) under 5aa (%) under 5aa (%) servicesab (%) servicesab (%) (%) (µg/m3) population) population) population) (%) Data type Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable estimates Primary data Primary data Primary data estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates Member State 2015 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2015 2015 2016 2016 2012–2016 2016 2012–2016 2007–2016 Member State Marshall Islands 21.2 – – – – – 65 – – – – – Marshall Islands Mauritania 5.5 27.9 14.8 1.3 – – 47 41.7 <0.1 11.0 0.0 – Mauritania Mauritius 9.9 – – – – – 93 13.5 0.2 1.6 0.0 98 Mauritius Mexico 11.3 12.4 1.0 5.2 43 45 85 20.9 0.1 16.9 2.1 100 Mexico Micronesia (Federated Micronesia (Federated States of) 6.1 – – – – – 12 10.5 1.3 4.8 0.0 – States of) Monaco 8.1 – – – 100 100 >95 aq 12.2 – – – 100 Monaco Mongolia 6.0 10.8 1.0 10.5 – – 43 49.5 0.0 8.9 0.0 84 Mongolia Montenegro 8.8 9.4 2.8 22.3 90 – 69 19.3 0.0 2.6 0.0 94 ar Montenegro Morocco 7.7 14.9 2.3 10.7 69 38 >95 31.1 <0.1 1.4 0.0 29 Morocco Mozambique 1.2 43.1 6.1 7.9 – – <5 18.4 0.2 2.5 0.1 – Mozambique Myanmar 4.9 29.2 7.0 1.3 – – 18 34.6 <0.1 4.1 1.9 – Myanmar Namibia 12.9 23.1 7.1 4.1 – – 42 21.0 0.0 18.3 0.0 – Namibia Nauru 5.2 24.0 1.0 2.8 – – 91 12.5 – – – – Nauru Nepal 5.5 35.8 9.7 1.2 27 – 28 99.5 7.0 3.3 <0.1 – Nepal Netherlands 19.0 – – – 100 97 >95 aq 12.1 <0.1 0.7 0.2 100 Netherlands New Zealand – – – – 100 76 >95 aq 5.8 <0.1 1.1 <0.1 100 New Zealand Nicaragua 17.4 17.3 2.2 8.3 59 – 52 19.0 0.1 13.9 <0.1 78 Nicaragua Niger 4.6 42.2 10.3 3.0 – 9 <5 73.0 0.2 10.4 1.2 – Niger Nigeria 5.3 43.6 10.8 1.5 19 – <5 46.3 <0.1 9.8 4.1 – Nigeria Niue 2.2 – – – 97 – 93 – – – – – Niue Norway 17.5 – – – 95 78 >95 aq 7.8 <0.1 0.6 <0.1 100 Norway Oman 6.7 14.1 7.5 4.4 88 – >95 36.2 0.0 5.2 0.0 73 Oman Pakistan 3.7 45.0 10.5 4.8 36 – 43 56.2 0.3 9.6 6.9 – Pakistan Palau 13.1 – – – – 20 87 12.4 – – – 95 Palau Panama 11.3 19.1 1.2 – – – 89 12.0 0.3 20.5 0.0 92 Panama Papua New Guinea 8.7 49.5 14.3 13.8 – – 13 11.5 0.2 10.2 0.1 – Papua New Guinea Paraguay 10.8 5.6 1.0 12.4 – – 66 11.7 <0.1 8.6 0.1 80 Paraguay Peru 14.4 13.1 1.0 7.2 50 30 75 29.0 <0.1 11.6 <0.1 57 Peru Philippines 7.4 33.4 7.1 3.9 – – 43 18.7 2.1 14.8 1.6 89 ar Philippines Poland 10.7 – – – 94 77 >95 aq 21.5 <0.1 0.9 <0.1 100 Poland Portugal 12.3 – – – 95 62 >95 ak,aq 8.1 ak <0.1 1.2 0.0 100 Portugal Qatar 6.3 – – – – 88 >95 91.7 0.0 7.4 0.0 55 Qatar Republic of Korea 12.9 2.5 am 1.2 am 7.3 am 98 98 >95 24.7 <0.1 1.3 0.5 100 Republic of Korea Republic of Moldova 12.2 6.4 1.9 4.9 70 – 92 16.5 <0.1 5.3 0.0 83 Republic of Moldova Romania 10.8 – – – 82 57 86 15.4 0.1 1.6 <0.1 100 Romania Russian Federation 9.6 – – – 76 – >95 14.7 <0.1 11.3 0.3 100 Russian Federation Rwanda 6.2 36.7 1.7 7.7 – – <5 40.7 <0.1 5.5 0.3 – Rwanda Saint Kitts and Nevis 6.5 – – – – – >95 aq 12.3 – – – 88 Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia 8.5 2.5 3.7 6.3 – – >95 21.2 0.7 15.6 0.0 94 Saint Lucia

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 81 1.a 2.2 6.1 6.2 7.1 11.6 13.1 16.1 17.19.2 Domestic ANNEX B general government Part 3 health expenditure Proportion of Annual mean (GGHE-D) as population Proportion of concentrations Average Estimated percentage using safely population Proportion of of fine death rate Mortality direct deaths of general Prevalence Prevalence Prevalence of managed using safely population with particulate due to natural rate due to from major Completeness c,m,ac c,m c,m,ac,ad government of stunting of wasting overweight drinking- managed primary reliance matter (PM2.5) in disasters homicide conflicts of cause-of- expenditure in children in children in children water sanitation on clean fuelst urban areast (per 100 000 (per 100 000 (per 100 000 death datac,m,ae (GGE)d,z (%) under 5aa (%) under 5aa (%) under 5aa (%) servicesab (%) servicesab (%) (%) (µg/m3) population) population) population) (%) Data type Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable estimates Primary data Primary data Primary data estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates Member State 2015 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2015 2015 2016 2016 2012–2016 2016 2012–2016 2007–2016 Member State South Sudan 1.6 31.1 22.7 6.0 – – <5 40.9 0.3 5.1 19.4 – South Sudan Spain 14.9 – – – 98 97 >95 aq 9.8 <0.1 0.7 <0.1 100 Spain Sri Lanka 7.9 17.3 15.1 2.0 – – 26 15.1 0.3 3.0 <0.1 – Sri Lanka Sudan 18.1 38.2 16.3 3.0 – – 41 46.8 <0.1 6.2 8.3 – Sudan Suriname 10.5 8.8 5.0 4.0 – – 90 25.8 0.0 10.0 0.0 80 Suriname Swaziland 14.9 25.5 2.0 9.0 – – 50 16.2 0.2 20.0 0.0 – Swaziland Sweden 18.4 – – – 98 92 >95 aq 6.1 <0.1 1.0 <0.1 100 Sweden Switzerland 25.2 – – – 95 99 >95 aq 10.4 0.2 0.5 <0.1 100 Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic – 27.5 11.5 17.9 – – >95 37.4 0.0 2.5 430.8 83 ar Syrian Arab Republic Tajikistan 6.1 26.8 9.9 6.6 47 – 80 42.8 <0.1 1.3 <0.1 87 Tajikistan Thailand 16.6 10.5 5.4 8.2 – – 74 26.6 <0.1 5.0 0.4 85 Thailand The former Yugoslav The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 12.1 4.9 1.8 12.4 83 – 66 33.0 <0.1 1.5 <0.1 100 Republic of Macedonia Timor–Leste 4.2 50.2 11.0 1.5 – – 7 18.2 0.0 5.1 0.0 – Timor–Leste Togo 5.7 27.5 6.7 2.0 – – 7 31.2 0.0 9.3 0.0 – Togo Tonga 8.4 8.1 5.2 17.3 – – 59 10.2 0.0 4.6 0.0 – Tonga Trinidad and Tobago 8.5 11.0 6.3 11.5 – – >95 22.4 0.0 42.2 0.0 84 ar Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia 13.6 10.1 2.8 14.3 93 73 >95 35.7 0.0 1.7 0.4 29 Tunisia Turkey 10.1 9.5 1.7 10.9 – 44 – 41.2 <0.1 2.7 1.1 89 Turkey Turkmenistan 8.7 11.5 4.2 5.9 86 – >95 24.2 0.0 4.2 <0.1 85 Turkmenistan Tuvalu 12.1 10.0 3.3 6.3 – 9 50 – – – – – Tuvalu Uganda 5.6 28.9 3.6 3.7 6 – <5 48.7 <0.1 12.6 1.4 – Uganda Ukraine 8.3 – – – 92 – >95 19.4 <0.1 4.6 5.0 93 Ukraine United Arab Emirates 8.0 – – – – 93 >95 37.2 0.0 3.8 0.0 59 ar United Arab Emirates United Kingdom 18.5 – – – 96 98 >95 aq 10.6 <0.1 1.3 <0.1 100 United Kingdom United Republic of United Republic of Tanzania 7.4 34.4 4.5 3.6 – – <5 25.1 <0.1 7.7 <0.1 – Tanzania United States of America 22.6 2.1 0.5 6.0 99 89 >95 aq 7.6 <0.1 6.5 0.2 100 United States of America Uruguay 20.0 10.7 am 1.3 am 7.2 am – 64 >95 8.7 <0.1 7.4 <0.1 100 Uruguay Uzbekistan 9.3 – – – – – 92 28.9 <0.1 1.9 <0.1 93 Uzbekistan Vanuatu 11.8 28.5 4.4 4.6 – – 13 11.0 0.9 2.5 0.0 – Vanuatu

Venezuela (Bolivarian an an an Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) 3.1 13.4 4.1 6.4 – 19 >95 16.8 <0.1 49.2 0.3 89 Republic of) Viet Nam 7.9 24.6 6.4 5.3 – – 67 30.1 <0.1 3.8 0.0 – Viet Nam Yemen 2.2 46.5 16.3 2.0 – – 65 44.3 <0.1 6.1 21.6 – Yemen Zambia 6.8 40.0 6.3 6.2 – – 16 23.8 0.0 10.1 0.0 – Zambia Zimbabwe 8.1 26.8 3.2 5.6 – – 29 19.1 0.2 15.1 <0.1 – Zimbabwe

WHO region WHO region African Region 6.9 33.6 7.0 3.7 26 – 17 35.5 <0.1 10.4 1.7 6 African Region Region of the Americas 12.0 6.3 0.9 7.2 82 43 92 13.4 0.1 17.9 0.4 93 Region of the Americas South-East Asia Region 8.5 33.0 15.2 3.4 – – 41 57.3 0.2 4.1 0.1 10 South-East Asia Region European Region 12.5 – – – 91 67 >95 17.6 <0.1 3.3 0.4 98 European Region Eastern Mediterranean Eastern Mediterranean Region 8.5 24.6 9.1 6.8 56 – 71 54.0 0.2 6.7 24.1 33 Region Western Pacific Region 8.8 6.9 2.3 5.3 – 57 63 42.9 0.2 1.9 0.1 64 Western Pacific Region

Global 9.9 22.2 7.5 5.6 71 39 59 39.6 0.1 6.4 2.5 49 Global

82 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 1.a 2.2 6.1 6.2 7.1 11.6 13.1 16.1 17.19.2 Domestic ANNEX B general government Part 3 health expenditure Proportion of Annual mean (GGHE-D) as population Proportion of concentrations Average Estimated percentage using safely population Proportion of of fine death rate Mortality direct deaths of general Prevalence Prevalence Prevalence of managed using safely population with particulate due to natural rate due to from major Completeness c,m,ac c,m c,m,ac,ad government of stunting of wasting overweight drinking- managed primary reliance matter (PM2.5) in disasters homicide conflicts of cause-of- expenditure in children in children in children water sanitation on clean fuelst urban areast (per 100 000 (per 100 000 (per 100 000 death datac,m,ae (GGE)d,z (%) under 5aa (%) under 5aa (%) under 5aa (%) servicesab (%) servicesab (%) (%) (µg/m3) population) population) population) (%) Data type Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable Comparable estimates Primary data Primary data Primary data estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates estimates Member State 2015 2007–2016 2007–2016 2007–2016 2015 2015 2016 2016 2012–2016 2016 2012–2016 2007–2016 Member State South Sudan 1.6 31.1 22.7 6.0 – – <5 40.9 0.3 5.1 19.4 – South Sudan Spain 14.9 – – – 98 97 >95 aq 9.8 <0.1 0.7 <0.1 100 Spain Sri Lanka 7.9 17.3 15.1 2.0 – – 26 15.1 0.3 3.0 <0.1 – Sri Lanka Sudan 18.1 38.2 16.3 3.0 – – 41 46.8 <0.1 6.2 8.3 – Sudan Suriname 10.5 8.8 5.0 4.0 – – 90 25.8 0.0 10.0 0.0 80 Suriname Swaziland 14.9 25.5 2.0 9.0 – – 50 16.2 0.2 20.0 0.0 – Swaziland Sweden 18.4 – – – 98 92 >95 aq 6.1 <0.1 1.0 <0.1 100 Sweden Switzerland 25.2 – – – 95 99 >95 aq 10.4 0.2 0.5 <0.1 100 Switzerland Syrian Arab Republic – 27.5 11.5 17.9 – – >95 37.4 0.0 2.5 430.8 83 ar Syrian Arab Republic Tajikistan 6.1 26.8 9.9 6.6 47 – 80 42.8 <0.1 1.3 <0.1 87 Tajikistan Thailand 16.6 10.5 5.4 8.2 – – 74 26.6 <0.1 5.0 0.4 85 Thailand The former Yugoslav The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 12.1 4.9 1.8 12.4 83 – 66 33.0 <0.1 1.5 <0.1 100 Republic of Macedonia Timor–Leste 4.2 50.2 11.0 1.5 – – 7 18.2 0.0 5.1 0.0 – Timor–Leste Togo 5.7 27.5 6.7 2.0 – – 7 31.2 0.0 9.3 0.0 – Togo Tonga 8.4 8.1 5.2 17.3 – – 59 10.2 0.0 4.6 0.0 – Tonga Trinidad and Tobago 8.5 11.0 6.3 11.5 – – >95 22.4 0.0 42.2 0.0 84 ar Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia 13.6 10.1 2.8 14.3 93 73 >95 35.7 0.0 1.7 0.4 29 Tunisia Turkey 10.1 9.5 1.7 10.9 – 44 – 41.2 <0.1 2.7 1.1 89 Turkey Turkmenistan 8.7 11.5 4.2 5.9 86 – >95 24.2 0.0 4.2 <0.1 85 Turkmenistan Tuvalu 12.1 10.0 3.3 6.3 – 9 50 – – – – – Tuvalu Uganda 5.6 28.9 3.6 3.7 6 – <5 48.7 <0.1 12.6 1.4 – Uganda Ukraine 8.3 – – – 92 – >95 19.4 <0.1 4.6 5.0 93 Ukraine United Arab Emirates 8.0 – – – – 93 >95 37.2 0.0 3.8 0.0 59 ar United Arab Emirates United Kingdom 18.5 – – – 96 98 >95 aq 10.6 <0.1 1.3 <0.1 100 United Kingdom United Republic of United Republic of Tanzania 7.4 34.4 4.5 3.6 – – <5 25.1 <0.1 7.7 <0.1 – Tanzania United States of America 22.6 2.1 0.5 6.0 99 89 >95 aq 7.6 <0.1 6.5 0.2 100 United States of America Uruguay 20.0 10.7 am 1.3 am 7.2 am – 64 >95 8.7 <0.1 7.4 <0.1 100 Uruguay Uzbekistan 9.3 – – – – – 92 28.9 <0.1 1.9 <0.1 93 Uzbekistan Vanuatu 11.8 28.5 4.4 4.6 – – 13 11.0 0.9 2.5 0.0 – Vanuatu

Global 9.9 22.2 7.5 5.6 71 39 59 39.6 0.1 6.4 2.5 49 Global

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 83 a World Population Prospects: the 2017 revision. New York (NY): United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2017. b Global Health Estimates 2016: Life expectancy, 2000–2016. Geneva, World Health Organization; 2018 (http://www.who.int/gho/mortality_burden_disease/ life_tables/en/). c WHO Member States with a population of less than 90 000 in 2016 were not included in the analysis. d Global Health Expenditure Database [online database]. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://apps.who.int/nha/database/Select/Indicators/en/, accessed 7 April 2018). Global and regional aggregates are unweighted averages. e WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division. Trends in maternal mortality: 1990 to 2015. Estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and the United Nations Population Division. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015 (http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/ publications/monitoring/maternal-mortality-2015/en/, accessed 29 March 2018). WHO Member States with a population of less than 100 000 in 2015 were not included in the analysis. f Joint UNICEF/WHO database 2018 of skilled health personnel, based on population-based national household survey data and routine health systems data. New York (NY): United Nations Children’s Fund; 2018 (https://data.unicef.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Interagency-SAB-Database_UNICEF_WHO_Apr-2018. xlsx). g Levels & Trends in Child Mortality. Report 2017. Estimates developed by the UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation. United Nations Children’s Fund, World Health Organization, World Bank and United Nations. New York (NY): United Nations Children’s Fund; 2017 (http://www.childmortality.org/files_ v21/download/IGME%20report%202017%20child%20mortality%20final.pdf, accessed 29 March 2018). h AIDSinfo [online database]. Geneva: Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) (http://aidsinfo.unaids.org/, accessed 30 March 2018), and HIV/ AIDS [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/gho/hiv/epidemic_status/incidence/ en/, accessed 30 March 2018). i Global tuberculosis report 2017. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017 (http://www.who.int/tb/publications/global_report/en/, accessed 30 March 2018). j World malaria report 2017. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017 (http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/world-malaria-report-2017/report/en/, accessed 30 March 2018). k Global and Country Estimates of immunization coverage and chronic HBV infection [online database]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 23 March 2017 update (http://whohbsagdashboard.com/#global-strategies, accessed 30 March 2018). This indicator is used here as a proxy for the SDG indicator. l Neglected tropical diseases [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/gho/ neglected_diseases/en/, accessed 30 March 2018). m Global Health Estimates 2016: Deaths by cause, age, sex, by country and by region, 2000–2016. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. (http://www.who. int/healthinfo/global_burden_disease/estimates/en/index1.html). n WHO Global Information System on Alcohol and Health (GISAH) [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/gho/alcohol/en/, accessed 30 March 2018). o Global status report on road safety 2015. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2015 (http://www.who.int/violence_injury_prevention/road_safety_ status/2015/en/, accessed 30 March 2018). WHO Member States with a population of less than 90 000 in 2015 who did not participate in the survey used to produce the report were not included in the analysis. p Data by country, pertaining to women aged 15-49 years who were married or in union, extracted by WHO from World Contraceptive Use 2018 [online database]. New York (NY): United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2018 (http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/ publications/dataset/contraception/wcu2018.shtml, accessed 2 May 2018). Global and regional aggregates are estimates for the year 2018 from: Model-based Estimates and Projections of Family Planning Indicators 2018. New York (NY): United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2018 (http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/theme/family-planning/cp_model.shtml, accessed 2 May 2018). q Data by country extracted by WHO from World Fertility Data 2017 [online database]. New York (NY): United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; November 2017 (http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/dataset/fertility/wfd2017.shtml, accessed 21 March 2018). Global and regional aggregates refer to a five-year period, 2015–2020, from: World Population Prospects: the 2017 Revision. New York (NY): United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2017 (https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/Download/Standard/Fertility/, accessed 16 February 2018). r Tracking universal health coverage: 2017 global monitoring report. Geneva and Washington (DC): World Health Organization and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank; 2017 (http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/259817/9789241513555-eng.pdf?sequence=1, accessed 30 March 2018). WHO Member States with a population of less than 90 000 in 2015 were not included in the analysis. s Tracking universal health coverage: 2017 global monitoring report. Geneva and Washington (DC): World Health Organization and the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank; 2017 (http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/259817/9789241513555-eng.pdf?sequence=1, accessed 30 March 2018). Global and regional aggregates refer to year 2010. t Public health and environment [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/gho/phe/ en/). u WHO global report on trends in prevalence of tobacco smoking, 2nd edition. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018 (upcoming). v WHO/UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage [online database]. July 2017 revision (http://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/ routine/coverage/en/index4.html, accessed 30 March 2018).

84 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018 w Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. OECD.Stat [online database]. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (http://stats.oecd.org/, accessed 19 January 2018). x WHO Global Health Workforce Statistics [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://who.int/hrh/ statistics/hwfstats/en/, accessed 30 March 2018). Country comparisons are affected by differences in the occupations included in the cadre. Please refer to the source for country-specific definitions and other descriptive metadata. y International Health Regulations (2005) Monitoring Framework [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Geneva: WHO (http://www.who.int/ gho/ihr/en/). Global and regional aggregates are for the year 2017. z This indicator is presented here as it could constitute the health-related portion of the SDG indicator 1.a.2. aa Levels and trends in child malnutrition. UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Group Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates. New York (NY), Geneva and Washington (DC): United Nations Children’s Fund, World Health Organization and the World Bank Group; 2018. Global and regional aggregates are for the year 2017. ab Progress on drinking water, sanitation and hygiene – 2017 update and SDG baselines. Geneva and New York (NY): World Health Organization and United Nations Children’s Fund; 2017 (https://washdata.org/sites/default/files/documents/reports/2018-01/JMP-2017-report-final.pdf, accessed 31 March 2018) and Water and sanitation [online database]. Global Health Observatory (GHO) data. Geneva: World Health Organization (http://www.who.int/gho/mdg/environmental_ sustainability/en/). Comparable estimates are only shown for countries with recent primary data. ac The death rate is an average over the five-year period. ad Conflict deaths include deaths due to collective violence and exclude deaths due to legal intervention. ae Completeness was assessed relative to the de facto resident populations and refer to the latest available value for the period 2007–2016. Global and regional aggregates are for 2016. af Non-standard definition. For more details see the Joint UNICEF/WHO database 2018 of skilled health personnel (https://data.unicef.org/wp-content/ uploads/2018/02/Interagency-SAB-Database_UNICEF_WHO_Apr-2018.xlsx). ag Proportion of institutional births (%) used as a proxy for the SDG indicator. ah Updated estimate. ai Preliminary data. aj Deviation from standard question or measurement method. For more details see World Contraceptive Use 2018 (http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/ population/publications/dataset/contraception/wcu2018.shtml). ak Under country consultation as of May 2018. al Data refer to year 2016. Data for 2017 were submitted in a format that could not be included in the analysis. am Survey data did not cover the 0–59 months age range. Data were adjusted for comparability. an Conversion of estimates based on the old NCHS/WHO references to WHO Child Growth Standards when raw data were not available to allow comparability. ao Data are from a facility-based surveillance system, which include 80% of health centres in the country. ap Prevalence of overweight was calculated using BMI-for-age z-scores. aq For high-income countries with no information on clean fuel use, usage is assumed to be >95%. ar Completeness refers to year prior to 2012. as Data are from the Nutrition Survey System, which covers 25 provinces.

MONITORING HEALTH FOR THE SDGs 85 ANNEX C WHO regional groupings

WHO African Region: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cabo Verde, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, South Africa, South Sudan, Swaziland, Togo, Uganda, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

WHO Region of the Americas: Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, United States of America, Uruguay, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of).

WHO South-East Asia Region: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, India, Indonesia, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Timor-Leste.

WHO European Region: Albania, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Monaco, Montenegro, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of Moldova, Romania, Russian Federation, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Uzbekistan.

WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region: Afghanistan, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen.

WHO Western Pacific Region: Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, China, Cook Islands, Fiji, Japan, Kiribati, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Micronesia (Federated States of), Mongolia, Nauru, New Zealand, Niue, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Republic of Korea, Samoa, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Viet Nam.

86 WORLD HEALTH STATISTICS: 2018

2018 2018

ISBN 978 92 4 156558 5