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Ambasciata D'italia Ambasciata d’Italia CANBERRA Bollettino della Comunità Scientifica in Australasia Agosto 2008 Anno VIII – Fascicolo II Ufficio dell’Addetto Scientifico PIAR (Publications for Italian and Australian Reseachers Inc) Bollettino della Comunità Scientifica in Australasia Ambasciata d’Italia CANBERRA Agosto 2008 Bollettino della Comunità Scientifica in Australasia Ambasciata d’Italia CANBERRA Agosto 2008 Bollettino della Comunità Scientifica in Australasia Agosto 2008 Sponsored by: I Bollettino della Comunità Scientifica in Australasia Ambasciata d’Italia CANBERRA Agosto 2008 II Bollettino della Comunità Scientifica in Australasia Ambasciata d’Italia CANBERRA Agosto 2008 Introduzione 2009 - Anno Internazionale dell’Astronomia (IYA2009) L’Universo: a te scoprirlo Lo scorso mese a Canberra, l’Accademia Australiana delle Scienze ha convocato una riunione per annunciare alla communita’ scientifica e non le iniziative legate all’anno internazionale per l’astronomia IYA 2009. Grazie a tale evento, in Australia e in tutto il mondo, saranno sensibilizzate famiglie e scuole medie superiori al tema dell’astronomia e dell’osservazione planetaria. Per l’Australia, Vi invitiamo a visitare il sito web: www.astronomy2009.org.au . Il 20 dicembre 2007 l’Assemblea Generale delle Nazioni Unite ha proclamato il 2009 come Anno Internazionale dell’Astronomia. Tale evento e’ stato preceduto dalle dichiarazione dell’UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) che aveva gia’ garatito il patrocinio. Con la dichiarazione del Bangladesh del 17 gennaio 2008, il numero dei paesi sottoscrittore dell’iniziativa e’ giunto a 100. Inoltre 14 organizzazioni internazionali, quali la NASA e l’ESA, sono parte dell’iniziativa IYA 2009. Ogni Paese membro e’ considerato un centro d’informazione nazionale (International Node) per il coordinamento delle iniziative ed attivita programmate nella specifica nazione. Per l’Australia in focal point e’ l’Osservatorio Anglo-Australiano e il CSIRO (Australia Telescope National Facility) di Sydney . All’uopo e’ stato creato un comitato per le proposte e la gestione di tutte le iniziative ed attivita’ innerenti al IYA 2009 in Australia. In Italia l’Ente preposto all’organizzazione di tutti gli eventi nazionali e’ l’Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica a Roma (http://www.inaf.it). L’Anno Internazionale dell’Astronomia rappresenta un celebarzione internazionale delle scienze astronomiche e del relativo contributo culturale fornito alla societa’ moderna. Con il tema “L’Universo: a te scoprirlo”, l’anno Iternazionale dell’Astronomia intende: unire le persone nel mondo sotto il cielo notturno, un luogo comune per l’umanità, ri-accendere la curiosità ed immaginazione e ri-avvicinare l’interessare dei giovani all’astronomia e scienza. Perche e’ stato scelto il 2009 come periodo dedicato all’anno Internazionale dell’Astronomia? La risposta e’ legata, come a tutti noto, alla riccorenza del IV centenario del primo utilizzo del telescopio, infatti fu proprio nel 1609 che Galileo Galilei oriento’ per la prima volta il suo telescopio verso il cielo; quel gesto fu l’inizio dell’astronomia moderna. Galileo ci ha insegnato ad avere una conoscenza straordinaria del nostro sistema solare, i pianeti attorno alle stelle, le galassie oltre alla Via Lattea e conseguentemente della storia e del destino dell’Universo e della Terra. Pisa - Galileo Galilei 1564 - 1642 Il Telescopio di Galileo Galilei creato nel 1609 Nel 2009 celebriamo le conquiste di Galileo, l’astronomia ed il suo contributo alla società e alla cultura con l’anno Internazionale dell’Astronomia supportato dall’UNESCO. In Australia, l’organizzazione per l’evento è già in corso sotto gli auspici del Comitato Nazionale per l’Astronomia, che fa parte dell’Accademia Australiana delle Scienze AAS. III Bollettino della Comunità Scientifica in Australasia Ambasciata d’Italia CANBERRA Agosto 2008 In Australia, cosi come in Italia, professionisti, ma anche dilettanti e studenti, si preparano ad organizzare un anno di attività finalizzate a: 1. migliorare la consapevolezza dell’importanza dell’astronomia e dei suoi risultati scientifici e culturali nel Paese; 2. ri-accendere la curiosità e l’immaginazione per lo spazio celeste ri-avvicinando l’interessare dei giovani all’astronomia e scienza; 3. promuovere la conoscenza delle materie scientifiche usando l’astronomia come “modello” di esempio; 4. Promuovere l’importanza delle capacita’ scientifiche e tecnologiche necessarie per le scoperte scientifice in astronomia ed utilizzare queste ultime per la definizione di nuove sfide. In futuro l’Australia ed il suo cielo del sud avranno un ruolo importante nello scenario della ricerca astronomica intrenazionale. Infatti, questo evento si svolge in un periodo particolare, l’Australia e’ candidata, a livello internazionale, ad ospitare il ragruppamento chilometrico di radiotelescopi internazionale (Square Kilometre Array radio telescope), piu’ grande del mondo, dal costo complessivo di circa 2 miliardi di dollari australiani. Nicola Sasanelli Addetto Scientifico IV Bollettino della Comunità Scientifica in Australasia Ambasciata d’Italia CANBERRA Agosto 2008 Introduction 2009 - International Year of Astronomy (IYA2009) The Universe: Yours to Discover Last month in Canberra the Australian Academy of Science called a meeting to announce to not only the Scientific community, but also the rest of Australia the events planned for the International Year of Astronomy IYA2009. Thanks to such an event, astronomy will be brought into thousands of schools and millions of homes in Australia and around the world. We would like to invite you to visit the website: www.astronomy2009.org.au . On the 20th of December 2007 the UN General Assembly proclaimed 2009 as the International Year of Astronomy. The Year had previously been endorsed by UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. On the 17th of January Bangladesh became the 100th country participating in the International Year of Astronomy. In addition, 14 organisations, such as NASA and the European Space Agency, are taking part in IYA as "organisational nodes". Each country has a “national node” for coordinating the activities within that country. The Australian National Node is the Anglo-Australian Observatory and CSIRO Australia Telescope National Facility (their headquarters are co-located in Sydney). An advisory group has been convened to help guide the development of activities for the year. In Italy the focal point is National Institute for Astrophysics in Rome (http://www.inaf.it). The International Year of Astronomy (IYA2009), a global celebration of astronomy and its contributions to society and culture, marks this event. With the theme of “The Universe, Yours to Discover”, IYA will help reconnect people with the night sky, the common heritage of humanity. Why was the year 2009 chosen to be the International Year of Astronomy? The answer is that it marks the 400th anniversary when in 1609 Galileo Galilei turned his telescope to the heavens; that act started modern astronomy. It led to the extraordinary knowledge we now have of our own solar system, planets around other stars, galaxies beyond the Milky Way, and the history and fate of the Universe and our place in it. Pisa - Galileo Galilei 1564 - 1642 Galileo Galilei’s telescope created in 1609 In 2009 we celebrate Galileo’s achievements, astronomy, and its contributions to society and culture, with the UNESCO-endorsed International Year of Astronomy. In Australia, planning for the Year is being carried V Bollettino della Comunità Scientifica in Australasia Ambasciata d’Italia CANBERRA Agosto 2008 out under the auspices of the National Committee for Astronomy, which is a committee of the Australian Academy of Science. Amateur and professional astronomers are working together across Australia and Italy to create a year of activities that will: 1. Raise awareness of Australia's contributions, strengths and role in astronomy. 2. Use astronomy to encourage people, particularly young people, to engage with the natural world and deepen their understanding of it through education. 3. Promote understanding of how science is done, using astronomy as an appealing example. 4. Promote appreciation of the scientific and technological skills that enable discovery in astronomy and are themselves driven by its challenges. Australia and its unique southern sky have an important role to play. For Australia the year comes at a time when astronomy is firmly on the national agenda, with Australia bidding to host the $2 billion Square Kilometre Array radio telescope. It’s also at a time when governments and science organisations are working out how to re-engage young people in science and technology. Nicola Sasanelli Scientific Attache’ VI Bollettino della Comunità Scientifica in Australasia Ambasciata d’Italia CANBERRA Agosto 2008 VII Bollettino della Comunità Scientifica in Australasia Ambasciata d’Italia CANBERRA Agosto 2008 VIII Bollettino della Comunità Scientifica in Australasia Ambasciata d’Italia CANBERRA Agosto 2008 Bollettino della Comunità Scientifica in Australasia Aprile 2008 Direttore responsabile: ing. Nicola Sasanelli Responsabile e coordinamento editoriale: Antonietta Cooper Comitato di Redazione: dott. Chiara Bancone - Universita' di Genova, Italy dott. Federico Bettini – Universita’ di Bologna, Italy dott. Matteo Bonazzi - European Commission, Brussels, Belgium dott. Bob Brockie - Victoria University, New Zealand dott. Edoardo Calia – Istituto Superiore
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