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Ink 12 2 Full Journal FM 09 Jan.Backup.Fm Inkanyiso 1 The Journal of Humanities and Social Science ISSN 2077-2815 Volume 12 Number 2 2020 Editor-in-Chief Prof. Dennis N. Ocholla, PhD University of Zululand, [email protected]. Editorial committee Prof. Catherine Addison, Dr. Neil Evans, Prof. Myrtle Hooper, Prof. Thandi Nzama; Prof. Jabulani Thwala Editorial advisory board Johannes Britz, Professor of Information Studies, Provost and Vice-Chancellor, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, USA – [email protected]. Rafael Capurro, Professor Emeritus of Philosophy and Ethics, Hochschule se Medien (HdM) Stuttgart, Germany – [email protected]. Stephen Edwards, Professor Emeritus of Psychology, University of Zululand, South Africa - [email protected] . Christopher Isike, PhD, Professor of African Politics, African Development and International Relations, University of Pretoria – [email protected] Trywell Kalusopa, PhD, Professor of Records Management, University of Namibia, Namibia - [email protected] Mogomme Masoga, PhD, Professor and Dean , Faculty of Arts, University of Zululand, South Africa - [email protected] Peter Matu, PhD, Professor and Executive Dean, Faculty of Social Sciences and Technology, Technical University of Kenya, Kenya – [email protected] Elliot Mncwango, PhD, Senior Lecturer and Interim Head of the Department of General Linguistics and European Languages, University of Zululand, South Africa – [email protected] . Berrington Ntombela, PhD Senior Lecturer and Head of the Department of English, University of Zululand, South Africa – [email protected] Stephen Mutula, Professor of Information Studies and Dean of the School of Humanities, University of KwaZulu Natal – [email protected] . Paul Stewart, PhD , Associate Professor of Sociology, University of Zululand, South Africa – [email protected] Nompumelelo Zondi, PhD, Associate Professor and Head of the Department of African Languages, University of Pretoria, South Africa – [email protected] Publisher Dr Ian Raper Academic Publishing and Editing Specialist English editing and final layout of academic theses, etc. Pretoria, South Africa Publishing editor: Mrs E van Dyk [email protected]; www.rosslynpublishers.com 1. Copyright © 2020, Inkanyiso , Faculty of Arts, University of Zululand. EDITORIAL Dear Inkanyiso Readers Inkanyiso Volume 12 No. 2 is being published during the COVID-19 pandemic, which has caused unprecedented disruption globally. At the time of writing this editorial (020121), the Coronavirus Live Tracker produced by Johns Hopkins University reported 83,362,521 confirmed cases and 1,834,656 (2.17%) deaths globally, with the United States (20,617,346 confirmed cases and 356,445 deaths) leading globally and South Africa (1,073,887 confirmed cases and 28,887 deaths) topping the list in Africa. We have dedicated two short communication articles to COVID- 19. This Issue also features nine research papers in fields including Communication Studies, Education, Indigenous Knowledge, Law, Linguistics, Political Science, Psychology, Public Administration, and Theology. Neocolonialism and imperialism have been topics of research and discussion for many decades and from multiple approaches. The first article, “Francophobia as an Expression of Pan- Africanism in Francophone Africa: An Exploration of the Cameroonian Political and Media Discourse”, by Floribert Patrick C. Endong, from the University of Calabar, Nigeria, reflects on the recrudescence of Francophobia in many Francophone African countries, such as Cameroon, and francophobic sentiments, either as blatant xenophobia or a nationalist feeling, often leading to various forms of animosity against France as a dominant neo-colonial force in their countries. On higher education, in “Exploring Effective Strategies to Revamp the Student Enrolments in Private Tertiary Institutions: A Case of Rwanda”, Cyprien Sikubwabo, from the University of Kigali-Rwanda and André Muhirwa and Philothère Ntawiha, from the College of Education, University of Rwanda, recommend a partnership between the managers of private tertiary institutions and the Government of Rwanda for establishing what they suggest to be effective strategies to revamp student enrolment of the institutions. In “Generic Structure Potential Analysis of Christian Street Evangelism in Southwestern Nigeria”, Michael Temitope AJayi, from the University of Ibadan, recognises that while Christian street evangelism is one of the Bible-based doctrinal practices found among Nigerian Christians, especially in Southwestern Nigeria, scholarly attention has not been paid to a linguistic description of language use in such Christian street evangelism. The findings reveal that Christian street evangelism features five obligatory elements: songs, greetings, sermon, prayer and finis; and three optional elements: declaration of purpose, call for confession, and welcome to the fold. The fourth paper focuses on indigenous knowledge and psychology. In an article titled “The Influence of Ancestral Spirits on Sexual Identity amongst Traditional Healers (iZangoma) in South Africa: A discourse analysis”, Khanyisile Rosemary Mnyadi, a former student of the University of KwaZulu-Natal, argues that South African Traditional Healers have been discriminated against for many years with claims that they are ‘witch-doctors’. Khanyisile explores the spiritual (ancestral) influence on the sexual identity of African Traditional Healers, particularly iZangoma, and challenges the idea that homosexuality has never existed in Africa; that it is therefore an import from the West. The author further contends that since homosexuality amongst iZangoma is not a chosen identity but forced by ancestral guides, discrimination against ancestral possession, homosexuality in Africa, and the double stigmatisation against iZangoma attracted to the same sex should be discouraged. Soccer is a popular sport with a large following globally. The fifth article, “Developing Football Language in Yorùbá”, analyses soccer/football from a linguistic perspective. Ezekiel, Komolafe Olusanya, from Osun State University, seeks to describe strategies for designating football concepts in Yorùbá such as composition, idiomatisation, explication, loan translation, borrowing, use of existing eQuivalents, coinage, derivation, semantic extension, modulation,desentialization and interlinguistic or hybrid formation. Ezekiel hopes that his study will significantly improve the effective and efficient use of football vocabulary in the study language. Proper local government administration is a dilemma in Africa. In the sixth article, “Transparency in Local Government Finance and Service Delivery: The Case of Mwanza City and Moshi District Councils in Tanzania”, written by Ambrose Kessy from the University of Dodoma, transparency is recognised to be an essential tool of local governance, which enables the local citizens to hold local institutions accountable for their performance, to foster trust in government, minimise corruption and improve local service delivery. This study found little flow of information from higher levels of local government to the lower levels, poor resource allocation and results. The study recommends maJor attention to accountability and transparency attached to service delivery in any country for the public good. The seventh article entitled “Designing Per-Poor System of Innovation Proverbs” is written by Wangai NJoroge Mambo, from Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, to explore how to create a Per-Poor Innovation (PPI) approach in a way that contributes to knowledge. The study concludes that synthesising African philosophies provides a paradigm for integrating indigenous knowledge (IK) and Global Knowledge(GK). The eighth article, “Lawyers’ Antics and Nonverbal Impoliteness in Nigerian Court Documents: An Example of MosoJo versus Oyetayo”, is by Abayomi Ayansola, from Veritas University and Bibian Ugoala, from the National Open University of Nigeria, who evaluate counsels’ impolite nonverbal communicative behaviour and professional antics, which are complementary to verbal impoliteness. Findings revealed that counsels’ antics and nonverbal impolite behaviour are not only embedded in some legal documents but also manifested in the form of time-wasting, willful absence from the court and embedded in presupposing booby-trap arguments that were meant to frustrate the opposition and influence the course of Justice. The last paper combines both political science and linguistics. In the article, “Discursive Ideologies in Campaign Speeches of Cyril Ramaphosa and Julius Malema in the 2019 South African Presidential Election”, Ibitayo Oso and Ivie Oviawe, from the University of Ibadan, used Critical Discourse Analysis to examine the discursive ideologies embedded in the campaign speeches of the two political leaders, to unearth the hidden ideologies that the candidates subtly employ to sway the voters in their favour. Ibitayo and Ivie recognise the importance and complexity of political discourse and advise that the public be well informed to understand the ideologies for the informed selection of suitable candidates. The last two articles comprise short communications on COVID-19 from psychological and political perspectives. First, Stephen Edwards from the University of Zululand reports ‘two recent African Psychology studies on Covid-19’ and states that COVID-19 offers new opportunities for the confrontation and transcendence of facets of life such as illness, suffering and death. Among the five main
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