DOCSLIB.ORG

From the Islamic State to the Messiah's Global Government: Structures of the Final World Order According to Contemporary Sunni and Shiíte Discourses

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
From the Islamic State to the Messiah's Global Government: Structures of the Final World Order According to Contemporary Sunni and Shiíte Discourses From the Islamic State to the Messiah's Global Government: Structures of the Final World Order According to Contemporary Sunni and Shiíte Discourses The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Khadem, Babak (Ali) Rod. 2017. From the Islamic State to the Messiah's Global Government: Structures of the Final World Order According to Contemporary Sunni and Shiíte Discourses. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:42061520 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA FROM THE ISLAMIC STATE TO THE MESSIAH’S GLOBAL GOVERNMENT: STRUCTURES OF THE FINAL WORLD ORDER ACCORDING TO CONTEMPORARY SUNNĪ AND SHĪ’ITE DISCOURSES A dissertation presented by Babak (Ali) Rod Khadem to The Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts October, 2016 © 2016 Babak (Ali) Rod Khadem All rights reserved. Advisors: Baber Johansen and David Cook Babak (Ali) Rod Khadem From the Islamic State to the Messiah’s Global Government: Structures of the Final World Order According to Contemporary Sunnī and Shī’ite Discourses Abstract This dissertation exposes a genre of Islamic thought that has remained unstudied in academic scholarship: Islamic conceptions of “final world order.” At the intersection of political and apocalyptic thought, “final world order” refers to the theories that Islamic movements posit regarding the future global government to be established during the final chapter of history. The theories of four movements (ISIS, the Islamic Republic of Iran, the Iraqi Ṣadrists, and the Egyptian ‘Awaited-Mahdī Party’) are compared across the following domains: (Chapter I) the final political structure, especially political form, geography, and administration; (Chapter II) the final legal system, including law, policy, and jurisprudence; (Chapter III) the final economic system, including science, technology, and transactions, and (Chapter IV) the final social order, including individuals, groups, and the collective. Overall, it is argued that apparently similar movements can have starkly differing theories of final order, and that two debates therein have especially high existential stakes: first is whether the structures of the final order will be regressive or progressive, and second is whether the final order (and humanity) will survive for merely a few years prior to apocalyptic destruction, or will endure for longer horizon. It is argued that Islamic movements approach these debates according to four patterns (reversionism, progressivism, revanchism, and idealism) which correlate primarily to each movement’s ideological orientation rather than its current political or socio-economic status. iii Table of Contents Introduction Exposing Islamic Theories of “Final World Order”: Objective, Methodology, and Source Selection………………. 1 Chapter I The Final Political Structure: Form, Geography, and Administration……………………….. 51 Chapter II The Final Legal System: Jurisprudence, Law, and Policy………………………………. 111 Chapter III The Final Economy: Science, Technology, and Transactions………………………. 158 Chapter IV The Final Society: The Individual, Group, and Collective………………………... 211 Conclusion Overall Summary: Framework, Patterns, and Further Questions…………………. 255 Appendix A The First Problematic: Analytic Framework………………….. 269 Appendix B The Third Problematic: Analytic Framework………………… 271 Appendix C Outline of Contents of Tārīkh mā ba'd ul-ẓuhūr by Muḥammad Ṣādiq Ṣādiq al-Ṣadr…………………………... 273 Bibliography ………………………………………………………………… 275 iv “First there will be Prophethood… Then Caliphate, on the Prophetic model… Then harsh kingship… Then tyrannical kingship… Then Caliphate again, on the Prophetic model…”1 “Our government will be the final government; All other rulers will already have ruled before us; Tthus, when they witness our method of governance, They will be unable to claim: ‘If only we had been given the opportunity to rule, We, too, would have ruled in this manner!’”2 1 A Sunnī tradition located in numerous compilations, see e.g., M. Nāṣir a-Dīn Albani, al-Silsilah al-ṣaḥiḥah (2004) at Vol. 1, no. 5. 2 A Shī’ite tradition located in numerous compilations. See, e.g., M. Bāqir Majlisī, Biḥār al-anwār (2007) at vol. 52, p. 244. v —INTRODUCTION— EXPOSING ISLAMIC THEORIES OF FINAL WORLD ORDER: OBJECTIVES, METHODOLOGY, AND SOURCE -SELECTION A. Objectives This study introduces an area of contemporary Islamic thought that has thus far remained unexamined in the secular academic context, namely Islamic conceptions of the final world order, in its multifaceted dimensions of political, legal, economic, and social structures. Situated at the intersection of Islamic political and apocalyptic thought, the concept of final world order refers, in the first instance, to the theories that Islamic movements and thinkers posit regarding the future global government to be established during the final chapter of humanity’s history. Nearly all such thinkers and movements presume that this future world order will be inaugurated after the successful completion of global apocalyptic battles, that this world order will then endure for some stretch of time, and that it will subsequently collapse as part of the universal destruction of Judgment Day. As such, “final world order” represents the final chapter in humanity’s history, and theories thereof are tantamount to utopian (or dystopian) conceptions of humanity’s grand destiny. Given its apocalyptic dimension, this topic of final world order may, ostensibly, appear to be a purely esoteric dimension of Islamic thought and might therefore be easily dismissed as irrelevant to immediate political, social, or religious concerns. This, however, would constitute a grave misunderstanding of the topic at hand, for two reasons. First, many theories of final order—including several of the ones examined in the present study—are espoused by thinkers or movements that are not only prominent but often 1 quite disruptive in the scene of contemporary world politics. Second, and more importantly, most theories of final world order not only posit visions of the ultimate utopia, but also address precursor forms of world order insofar as they are understood to be teleological antecedents to the final order. Foremost among these precursors is the contemporary, Westphalian order of nation-states, the legitimacy of which is fiercely contested within overall discourses on the final world order. Indeed, these debates reveal fundamental differences in the contemporary landscape of political Islam, but insofar as academic and policy analyses neglect discourses on the final world order, these distinctions are necessarily conflated and thus passed over. Although Islamic theories of final world government are remarkably varied, several topoi are nearly ubiquitous, invoked by groups as disparate as ISIS and the Islamic Republic of Iran, both of which claim to be harbingers of the final order: - First is that the final order will be established by two messianic protagonists: the Mahdī and Jesus Christ (upon his second coming). ISIS, for instance, predicts that it will pass its “banner” to Jesus Christ,3 and elsewhere claims to be the “army” that will eventually “pass on the banner to the slave of Allah, the Mahdī.”4 Similarly, the Islamic Republic of Iran asserts that “we place this Revolution in the hands of the Mahdī…[to] pave the way for his arrival”5 and predicts that “the Mahdī will appoint Jesus Christ as his representative...”6 3 Abū Muḥammad al-Adnānī, This is the Promise of God (2014) at 8. 4 Dabiq, Issue 4 (September, 2014) at 35. See also, Dabiq Issue 5 (October, 2014) at 40, quoting the tradition reported in Ṣaḥiḥ Muslim (“if there were not left except a day from the world, Allah would lengthen that day to send forth on it a man from my family whose name matches my name [Muḥammad] and whose father’s name matches my father’s name [‘Abdullāh]. He will fill the Earth with justice and fairness as it was filled with oppression and tyranny”). Likewise, in Issue 5, ISIS quotes Abū Mus’ab al-Zarqāwī’s claim that the movement has lit the “spark” that will lead to the End Times battle of Dābiq (“The spark has been lit here in Iraq, and its heat will continue to intensify – by Allah’s permission – until it burns the crusader armies in Dābiq”). 5 Statement made by Ayatollah Khomeini shortly after the Islamic Revolution of Iran. 6 Tabasī (see Footnote 85, infra) at 86. 2 - Second is the universal jurisdiction and justice of the final world order, enshrined in the tradition, cited frequently by both ISIS and the Islamic Republic of Iran, that the Mahdī will “fill the earth with justice and fairness as it was filled with oppression and tyranny.”7 - Third is social harmony and egalitarianism, exemplified in ISIS’s depiction of final government as “a state where the Arab and non-Arab, the white man and black man, the Easterner and Westerner are all brothers”8—or the Iranian theorists’ explanation that the Mahdī will “reform the entire world…defeat of the forces of tyranny in their entirety…remove
Load more

Recommended publications
  • MINOR POLITICAL PARTIES and the LANGUAGE of POLITICS in LATE COLONIAL BENGAL(L921-194?); ATTITUDE, ADJUSTMENT and REACTION
    MINOR POLITICAL PARTIES AND THE LANGUAGE OF POLITICS IN LATE COLONIAL BENGAL(l921-194?); ATTITUDE, ADJUSTMENT AND REACTION THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN HISTORY UNIVERSITY OF NORTH BENGAL BY KOUSHIKIDASGUPTA ASSISTANT PROFESSOR DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY UNIVERSITY OF GOUR BANGA MALDA UPERVISOR PROFESSOR I. SARKAR DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY UNIVERSITY OF NORTH BENGAL RAJA RAMMOHANPUR, DARJEELING WEST BENGAL 2011 IK 35 229^ I ^ pro 'J"^') 2?557i UNIVERSITY OF NORTH BENGAL Raja Rammohunpur P.O. North Bengal University Dist. Darjeeling - 734013 West Bengal (India) • Phone : 0353 - 2776351 Ref. No Date y.hU. CERTIFICATE OF GUIDE AND SUPERVISOR Certified that the Ph.D. thesis prepared by Koushiki Dasgupta on Minor Political Parties and the Language of Politics in Late Colonial Bengal ^921-194'^ J Attitude, Adjustment and Reaction embodies the result of her original study and investigation under my supervision. To the best of my knowledge and belief, this study is the first of its kind and is in no way a reproduction of any other research work. Dr.LSarkar ^''^ Professor of History Department of History University of North Bengal Darje^ingy^A^iCst^^a^r Department of History University nfVi,rth Bengal Darjeeliny l\V Bj DECLARATION I do hereby declare that the thesis entitled MINOR POLITICAL PARTIES AND THE LANGUAGE OF POLITICS IN LATE COLONIAL BENGAL (l921- 1947); ATTITUDE, ADJUSTMENT AND REACTION being submitted to the University of North Bengal in partial fulfillment for the award of Doctor of Philosophy in History is an original piece of research work done by me and has not been published or submitted elsewhere for any other degree in full or part of it.
    [Show full text]
  • January-March 2008 Content.Pmd
    JANUARY - MARCH 2008 Vol. 24 No. 1 CONTENTS EDITORIAL * Publication audit, handling publication misconduct and need for 1 education of authors: A Pakistani perspective Shaukat Ali Jawaid ORIGINAL ARTICLE * Shoulder Instability: The Role of MR Arthrography in Diagnosing Anteroinferior 6 Labroligamentous Lesions: Our experience at King Hussein Medical Center, Jordan Asem Al Hiari * Stress and depression among medical students: A cross sectional study at 12 a medical college in Saudi Arabia Hamza Mohammad Abdulghani * Comparative studies on antisickling properties of thiocyanate, 18 tellurite and hydroxyurea Oyewole OI, Malomo SO, Adebayo JO * Genotyping of thalassemia in microcytic hypochromic anemia patients 23 from Southwest Region of Iran Fakhar Rahim * Relationship between the serologic status of Helicobacter Pylori with 29 the presence of unstable angina Seyed Mohammad Alavi, Seyed Mohammad Hasan Adel, Alireza Rajabzadeh * Congenital malformations among live births at Arvand Hospital, 33 Ahwaz, Iran - A prospective study Ahmadzadeh Ali, Safikhani Zahad, Abdulahi Masoumeh, Ahmadzadeh Azar * Adenomyosis uteri in infertile women: Experience in a Tropical 38 Community Teaching Hospital Adebiyi Gbadebo Adesiyun, Modupeola Omotara Samaila, Abimbola Kolawole * Common signs and symptoms in hypothyroidism in central part of Iran 44 Ali Jabbari, Sima Besharat, Nasrin Razavianzadeh, Mansour Moetabar * The statistical analysis of application of teeth in forensic odontology center, 48 Tehran, Iran, 1980-2000 Amir Deebaei, Hadi Fathi Moghaddam, Parivash Delkhosh * Clinical presentation of late haemorrhagic disease of Newborn 52 Rehana Majeed, Yasmeen Memon, Farrukh Majeed * Evaluation of inhibitory effects of Iranian propolis against filamentous bacteria 56 Saeed Eshraghi, Shirin Valafar * Electroencephalogram findings in Saudi children with delayed language development 61 Taha Sadig Ahmed, A.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 List of Goods Produced by Child Labor Or Forced Labor
    From Unknown to Known: Asking the Right Questions to The Story Behind Our Stuff Trace Abuses in Global Supply Chains DOWNLOAD ILAB’S COMPLY CHAIN AND APPS TODAY! Explore the key elements Discover of social best practice COMPLY CHAIN compliance 8 guidance Reduce child labor and forced systems 3 labor in global supply chains! 7 4 NEW! Explore more than 50 real 6 Assess risks Learn from world examples of best practices! 5 and impacts innovative in supply chains NEW! Discover topics like company responsible recruitment and examples worker voice! NEW! Learn to improve engagement with stakeholders on issues of social compliance! ¡Disponible en español! Disponible en français! Check Browse goods countries' produced with efforts to child labor or eliminate forced labor 1,000+ pages of research in child labor the palm of your hand! NEW! Examine child labor data on 131 countries! Review Find child NEW! Check out the Mexico laws and labor data country profile for the first time! ratifications NEW! Uncover details on 25 additions and 1 removal for the List of Goods! How to Access Our Reports We’ve got you covered! Access our reports in the way that works best for you. On Your Computer All three of the U.S. Department of Labor’s (USDOL) flagship reports on international child labor and forced labor are available on the USDOL website in HTML and PDF formats at https://www.dol.gov/agencies/ilab/resources/reports/child-labor. These reports include Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor, as required by the Trade and Development Act of 2000; List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor, as required by the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act of 2005; and List of Products Produced by Forced or Indentured Child Labor, as required by Executive Order 13126.
    [Show full text]
  • Middle Power Leadership on Human Security
    Middle Power Leadership on Human Security Ronald M. Behringer Department of Political Science University of Florida April 2003 Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Canadian Political Science Association, Halifax, Nova Scotia, May 30-June 1, 2003. Please e-mail any comments to [email protected]. Abstract My study examines the conditions under which middle power states, such as Canada, the Netherlands, and Norway, may exercise effective leadership in the realm of human security. I hypothesize that a middle power-led human security initiative is more likely to be successful if the initiative does not threaten the fundamental principles of the superpower. My paper demonstrates that although it is possible for a human security initiative to overcome American opposition that is based on political or military interests, an initiative will be less likely to succeed if it challenges the core principles of the United States. I test the hypothesis by conducting a qualitative analysis of four cases of human security initiatives where the middle powers have played leadership roles. The cases include the endeavor to create a United Nations rapid deployment peacekeeping force, which led to the formation of the Standby High Readiness Brigade for United Nations Operations (SHIRBRIG) in 1996; the campaign to ban anti-personnel landmines, which resulted in the 1997 Ottawa Convention; the struggle to establish the International Criminal Court, which came into existence in 2002; and the unsuccessful attempt to regulate the legal trade in small arms and light weapons. The United States has taken different positions on these issues. The U.S. approved of the idea of a standby UN rapid response force, but did not participate in the establishment of SHIRBRIG.
    [Show full text]
  • Situation Analysis Union Council Bandhi, District Nawabshah
    NRSP Situation Analysis of U n i o n C o u n c i l B a n d h i Taluka Daur District Nawabshah October 2009 Monitoring Evaluation & Research Section National Rural Support Programme Situation Analysis of U n i o n C o u n c i l B a n d h i Taluka Daurr, District Nawabshah October 2009 Monitoring Evaluation & Research Section National Rural Support Programme ii Table of Contents Background ..............................................................................................................2 Objectives ................................................................................................................2 Methodology .............................................................................................................2 Summary of Socio-Economic Findings ..............................................................3 Introduction to the Area ............................................................................................3 Demography .............................................................................................................4 Agriculture ................................................................................................................4 Farming and Landholding Pattern ............................................................................4 Livestock ..................................................................................................................5 Education & Health ..................................................................................................5
    [Show full text]
  • Global Governance 2025: at a Critical Juncture
    Global Governance 2025: at a Critical Juncture NIC 2010-08 September 2010 This page was intentionally left blank. This page was intentionally left blank. Global Governance 2025: At a Critical Juncture Inquiries regarding this report may be made to Mathew Burrows, Counselor to the National Intelligence Council, on (703) 482-0741 and to the EU Institute of Security Studies on 0033-1-56-89-19-51. NIC 2010-08 September 2010 This page was intentionally left blank. Preface The United States’ National Intelligence Council (NIC) and the European Union’s Institute for Security Studies (EUISS) have joined forces to produce this assessment of the long-term prospects for global governance frameworks. This exercise builds on the experience of the two institutions in identifying the key trends shaping the future international system. Since the mid 1990s, the NIC has produced four editions of its landmark Global Trends report. The most recent one, Global Trends 2025: A Transformed World, published in late 2008, noted that momentous change was ahead, with the gap between increasing disorder and weakening governance structures widening. The EUISS produced the first EU-level report on the factors affecting the evolution of the international system in 2006, The New Global Puzzle. What World for the EU in 2025? The report stressed that a multipolar system is emerging and that matching the new distribution of power with new rules and institutions will be critical to preserving international peace and stability. The US and the EU do not always see eye to eye on every issue on the international agenda, but they share fundamental values and strategic interests to an extent not matched by any other partners in the world.
    [Show full text]
  • <Em>Joseph Smith and World Government</Em> by Hyrum L
    BYU Studies Quarterly Volume 1 Issue 1 Article 13 1-1-1959 Joseph Smith and World Government by Hyrum L. Andrus Robert E. Riggs Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byusq Recommended Citation Riggs, Robert E. (1959) "Joseph Smith and World Government by Hyrum L. Andrus," BYU Studies Quarterly: Vol. 1 : Iss. 1 , Article 13. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byusq/vol1/iss1/13 This Book Review is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in BYU Studies Quarterly by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Riggs: <em>Joseph Smith and World Government</em> by Hyrum L. Andrus BOOK REVIEWS 71 joseph smithsinithand world government by hyrum L andrus salt lake city deseret book company 19581938 127 appp 1751751.75 As part of the latter day restitution of all things a consti- tution for a political kingdom of god was revealed to joseph smith the political kingdom with its government of god as the facts have been reconstructed by dr andrus was supposed to grow out of the church and be subject to the ultimate rule of the priesthood all officers of the government were to be nominated by priesthood authority and citizens of the king- dom would recognize the will and dictation of the almighty as revealed to church leaders nevertheless the political and spiritual kingdoms were to be distinct entities with a consti- tutionaltutional separation of powers between zion and the political government being republican representative and democratic Published by BYU ScholarsArchive, 1959 1 BYU Studies Quarterly, Vol.
    [Show full text]
  • Primo.Qxd (Page 1)
    SATURDAY, JANUARY 4, 2014 (PAGE 6) DAILY EXCELSIOR, JAMMU GOVERNMENT OF JAMMU AND KASHMIR, 221083134 ANAMUL MAQBOOL MOHD MAQBOOL BHAT 201007298 JAVAID AHMAD PANDIT ABDUL KHALIK PANDIT 208051919 NEYAZ ALI HAJI FIDA HUSSAIN 221079082 TAHIR IQBAL NAJAR MOHD IQBAL NAJAR 207043863 YOGESHWAR SAINI MAHESH CHAND SAINI ASSISTANT 207041304 ASHWANI SHARMA TIRATH RAM SHARMA 221083356 TANVEER AHMAD MIR MOHD YOUSUF MIR JKSSB - Written Test held on 21-09-2013 for the post of - ASSISTANT 208051934 FAYAZ AHMAD GHULAM NABI 221079250 ZUBAIR FAROOQ BISATI FAROOQ AHMAD BISATI 207043939 FARYAD ALI CHOUDHARY SARAJ DIN CHOUDHARY Shortlisted Candidates List For Item Number : 262 (03 of 2012) 207041846 ANKUSH SHARMA NAND KUMAR SHARMA SERVICES SELECTION BOARD, 221083565 UMMER RASHIED AB RASHIED DAR STOREKEEPER-CUM-CLERK 208051957 MANSOOR HUSSAIN MOHD ABBAS 221079345 ABDUL SHAKOOR MOHD SULTAN LONE 207043950 MADHVI PLATHIA NANDILAL 203013112 ZAHOOR AHMAD KHAN GH MOHMAD KHAN 207041971 ANURAG SHARMA RAKESH KUMAR SHARMA JKSSB - Written Test held on 21-09-2013 for the post of - ASSTT. HAND- Shortlisted Candidates List For Item Number : 135 (03 of 2012) 208052005 MOHD BAQIR MOHD SOLEH JKSSB - Written Test held on 21-09-2013 for the post of - ASSISTANT 207043995 KANNU MANGOTRA SITA RAM SHARMA 203013163 ALIYA MANZOOR MANZOOR AHMED SHEIKH 207042012 MANSOOR AHAMMED MOHAMMED ASHRAF SHEIKH Sehkari Bhawan Panama Chowk Jammu. ICRAFTS TRAINING OFFICER 201007362 IMRAN AFAQ MOHD AFAQ 208052030 SHABINA NAZ GHULAM MOHI UD DIN STOREKEEPER-CUM-CLERK 207044127 ASHWANI KUMAR KUNJ LAL 203013212
    [Show full text]
  • Modernity, Locality and the Performance of Emotion in Sufi Cults
    EMBODYING CHARISMA Emerging often suddenly and unpredictably, living Sufi saints practising in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh are today shaping and reshaping a sacred landscape. By extending new Sufi brotherhoods and focused regional cults, they embody a lived sacred reality. This collection of essays from many of the subject’s leading researchers argues that the power of Sufi ritual derives not from beliefs as a set of abstracted ideas but rather from rituals as transformative and embodied aesthetic practices and ritual processes, Sufi cults reconstitute the sacred as a concrete emotional and as a dissenting tradition, they embody politically potent postcolonial counternarrative. The book therefore challenges previous opposites, up until now used as a tool for analysis, such as magic versus religion, ritual versus mystical belief, body versus mind and syncretic practice versus Islamic orthodoxy, by highlighting the connections between Sufi cosmologies, ethical ideas and bodily ritual practices. With its wide-ranging historical analysis as well as its contemporary research, this collection of case studies is an essential addition to courses on ritual and religion in sociology, anthropology and Islamic or South Asian studies. Its ethnographically rich and vividly written narratives reveal the important contributions that the analysis of Sufism can make to a wider theory of religious movements and charismatic ritual in the context of late twentieth-century modernity and postcoloniality. Pnina Werbner is Reader in Social Anthropology at Keele University. She has published on Sufism as a transnational cult and has a growing reputation among Islamic scholars for her work on the political imaginaries of British Islam. Helene Basu teaches Social Anthropology at the Institut für Ethnologie in Berlin.
    [Show full text]
  • The Delegation of Federal Power to International Organizations: New Problems with Old Solutions, 85 Minn
    Maurice A. Deane School of Law at Hofstra University Scholarly Commons at Hofstra Law Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship 2000 The elegD ation of Federal Power to International Organizations: New Problems with Old Solutions Julian G. Ku Maurice A. Deane School of Law at Hofstra University Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarlycommons.law.hofstra.edu/faculty_scholarship Recommended Citation Julian G. Ku, The Delegation of Federal Power to International Organizations: New Problems with Old Solutions, 85 Minn. L. Rev. 71 (2000) Available at: https://scholarlycommons.law.hofstra.edu/faculty_scholarship/591 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarly Commons at Hofstra Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Hofstra Law Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons at Hofstra Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Delegation of Federal Power to International Organizations: New Problems with Old Solutions Julian G. Kut ITihe World Trade Organization exercises a supranational authority in conflict with our forefathers' vision of an America forever sovereign and independent. -Patrick J. Buchanan' [The American people] see the UN aspiring to establish itself as the central authority of a new international order of global laws and global governance. This is an international order the American people will not countenance. 2 -Senator Jesse Helms It is tempting to brush off such concerns about the growing power of international organizations like the World Trade Organization (WTO) and United Nations (UN) as demagogic and paranoid. At the core of their concerns is a conviction that some large measure of power and authority held by the United States government has been impermissibly transferred to remote and unaccountable international organizations in violation of basic constitutional principles or American "sovereignty." Messrs.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020–21 Commencement Program
    Commencement UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO BOULDER MAY 6, 2021 One Hundred Forty-Fifth Year of the University NORLIN CHARGE TO THE GRADUATES The first commencement at the University of Colorado was held for six graduates on June 8, 1882, in the chapel of Old Main. It was not until 40 years later, on September 4, 1922, that the first summer commencement was held. Since the first commencement in 1882, the University of Colorado Boulder has awarded more than 350,000 degrees. The traditional Norlin Charge to the graduates was first read by President George Norlin to the June 1935 graduating class. You are now certified to the world at large as alumni of the university. She is your kindly mother and you her cherished sons and daughters. This exercise denotes not your severance from her, but your union with her. Commencement does not mean, as many wrongly think, the breaking of ties and the beginning of life apart. Rather it marks your initiation in the fullest sense into the fellowship of the university, as bearers of her torch, as centers of her influence, as promoters of her spirit. The university is not the campus, not the buildings on campus, not the faculties, not the students of any one time—not one of these or all of them. The university consists of all who come into and go forth from her halls, who are touched by her influence, and who carry on her spirit. Wherever you go, the university goes with you. Wherever you are at work, there is the university at work.
    [Show full text]
  • CHAOS, WAR, Or a NEW WORLD ORDER
    ) / CHAOS, WAR, or A NEW WORLD ORDER WHAT WE MUST DO TO ESTABLISH THE ALL-INCLUSIVE, NON-MILITARY, DEMOCRATIC FEDERATION OF NATIONS PUBLISHED BY THE CAl\IPAIGN FOR \ i\TORLD GOVERNMENT 166 WEST JACKSON BOULEVARD CHICAGO, ILLINOIS By SECOND DRAFT THIRD PRINTING Lola Maverick Lloyd l\IAY, 1938 and ENLARGED EDITION FOURTH PRINTING Rosika Schwimmer NOVEMBER, 1942 Immediate Action The main lines of this blueprint for governmental or unofficial action to organize the world w.ere drawn in 1924. We revised our worli and published the present pa1nphlet in 1937. This is the fourth edition. Believing gov­ THE PLAN .ernment initiation of world imion to be at present not only hopeless biit even undesirable, we wish to emphasize the part of our plan designed for unofficial HE following outline for international action is addressed to all those action. Immediate action along unofficial lines is imperative. who agree that we must stop theorizing about peace and put the best vVe have seen our globe in no tiwie turned into one arined camp. vVe can T existing theories into practice. It offers an answer to the question, "How transform it as quickly into a fit home for the human family. Self-111ade gov­ can we start practical action to establish world peace now?" It presents the ermnents in exile have for military purposes been grouped with the gr.eater preliminary steps necessary for a representative World Convention* to draft powers into the "United Nations" . As the first step in peaceful achievement of world union, we urge the iwimediate creation of the self-1nade Provisional the best possible constitution for an all-inclusive, non-military, democratic vVorld Government to take all the unofficial action recommended ·in our ori:g­ Federation of Nations.
    [Show full text]