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IPGR-Institute for Plant Genetic Resources, Sadovo, Bulgaria.Pdf SEELEGUMES 2nd Workshop 23-26 September 2012 Thessaloniki, Greece SUSTAINABLE PRESERVATION OF INDIGENOUS SOUTH EAST EUROPEAN LEGUMES AND THEIR TRADITIONAL FOOD AND FEED PRODUCTS DR. SIYKA ANGELOVA - Sub -Project Leader INSTITUTE FOR PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES - SADOVO T E A M : MARIA SABEVA, YANA GUTEVA, SOFIA PETROVA THE AIM OF INVESTIGATION IS TO ENLARGE THE GENETIC BASIS OF GRAIN LEGUME COLLECTION WITH NEW GERMPLASM. The project was carried out in two stages. 1 ST STAGE . Inventory of the available seed material of target species of grain legume collection in genebank and in the areas not covered in previous periods: pea, faba bean, checkpea , grasspea . Preparation of lists of available local accessions in gene bank and itineraries for expeditions . Conducting expeditions for collecting seeds from old RGR and interviews with farmers . Conducting expeditions for collecting seeds from CWR . Choice of habitats for in situ conservation . Verification of germination and propagation of the collected samples SecondSecond stagestage . Passport information about new accessions/ . Filling in the gaps of local RGR and creation of ex situ collection . Characterization . Seed samples for long term storage and exchange Passport information about new bulgarian collected accessions of fababean longitud sample Acc.numb year collecting site latitude altitude farmer storage* e status Stezhrovo, Pleven, Stanka A. 20* 13 A8E0001 2008 435 N 25.15 E 100-199 local form region Lazarova Kochevo, Plovdiv 20* 13 A8E0049 2008 4210N 2491E 148 old variety: Penka Georgieva region Valentina 20* 13 A8E0050 2008 Nevsha, Varna,region 432495N 272828E 190 landrace Georgieva Trakiec, Haskovo, 20* 13 A8E0415 2008 415544N 252732E 219 local form Mahmed Ali Tracian plain Ivailovgrad, Eastern Maria 20* 13 A8E0494 2008 413119N 260510E 150 local form Rhodopi Shishmanova 20* 13 Lyubimetz, Haskovo A8E0529 2008 414958N 263500E 108 local form Elena Sultanova region Yerusalimovo, 20* 13 A8E0555 2008 415325N 2610E 108 local variety Jivka Koleva Yambol, region, Sofia A. A8E0564 2008 Kapitan Andreevo 414258N 264818E 65 local variety 20* 13 Dimitrova Hitovo Dobritch A9E0289 2009 43783N 27567E 172 local variety Ivan Petrov 20* 13 region Hitovo Dobritch Tatiana A9E0301 2009 43783N 27567E 172 local form 20* 13 region Petkova 20 collection missionsmissions wwereere carriedcarried outout inin thethe periodperiod fromfrom 23.0623.06 20112011 toto 30.030.088 20122012 forfor collectingcollecting locallocal graingrain legumelegume ss PGRPGR andand wildwild relatives.relatives. WWereere visitedvisited 1919 districtsdistricts inin thethe countrycountry followingfollowing majormajor itineraritineraries:ies: NationalNational parksparks”” CentralCentral BalkanBalkan”””” andand ““StrandjaStrandja””;; MountainsMountains SrednaSredna Gora,Gora, EastEast andand CentralCentral Rodopi,Rodopi, SakarSakar andand thethe differentdifferent regionsregions ofof SouthSouth andand NorthNorth Bulgaria.Bulgaria. TheThe organizationorganization ofof aa largelarge numbernumber ofof expeditionsexpeditions inin thisthis shortshort periodperiod isis motivatedmotivated byby twotwo mainmain reasonsreasons OurOur villagesvillages werewere depopulateddepopulated andand thereforetherefore datadata collectioncollection andand storagestorage ofof seedseed waswas necessary.necessary. LocalLocal farmersfarmers keepkeep seedsseeds inin freezerfreezer,, jarsjars andand bagsbags PPreviouslyreviously collectedcollected datadata showsshows thatthat onlyonly locallocal sourcessources ofof fababeanfababean andand beansbeans maintainedmaintained inin manymany placesplaces forfor personalpersonal useuse inin gardensgardens EXPEDITIONSEXPEDITIONS WEREWERE CONDUCTEDCONDUCTED ININ TWOTWO WAYS:WAYS: IInterviewsnterviews withwith farmersfarmers aboutabout thethe traditiontradition ofof growinggrowing andand foodfoodss.. CollectingCollecting seedsseeds inin thethe presencepresence ofof quantitiesquantities IdentificationIdentification ofof naturalnatural habitatshabitats forfor rarerare andand endangeredendangered speciesspecies ofof legumeslegumes andand descriptiondescription ofof habitatshabitats forfor inin situsitu conservation.conservation. PossibilityPossibility forfor collectingcollecting CWRCWR seedsseeds forfor exex situsitu collection.collection. 105105 samplessamples werewere collectedcollected fromfrom oldold varieties,varieties, forms,forms, populationspopulations ofof fababeans,fababeans, beans,beans, chickpea,chickpea, pea,pea, vignavigna whichwhich areare stillstill keptkept andand maintainedmaintained byby thethe locallocal Collected local PGR of Grain legumes - Vicia faba- 72 accessions 105 munber Phaseolus vulgaris – 20 accessions 4% 3% 6% Cicer arietinum – 6 19% accessions Pisum sativum – 4 accessions 68% Vigna unguiculata - 3 accessions . Finally we visited the areas where traditionally grown and still keep fababean. This is the region of Veliko Tarnovo: Lyaskovets - Kelifarevo – Djulyunitsa In Lyaskovets is a museum of Bulgarian gardeners. You can see photos and seeds of the very old crop in our country HabitatsHabitats areare foundfound inin StrandjaStrandja MountainMountain forfor inin situsitu conservationconservation ofof twotwo rarerare speciesspecies forfor BulgariaBulgaria CicerCicer monbretiimonbretii,, ViciaVicia incisaincisa andand TrifoliumTrifolium constantinopolitanumconstantinopolitanum.. OfOf themthem werewere collectedcollected seedsseeds forfor exex situsitu collectioncollection.. AA fewfew yearsyears agoago waswas identifiedidentified speciesspecies LensLens evroidesevroides nearnear thethe villagevillage ofof Kosti.Kosti. InIn ourour expeditionsexpeditions //20112011--20122012// thisthis habitathabitat waswas notnot confirmed,confirmed, regardlessregardless ofof thethe exactexact coordinatescoordinates wewe havehave.. Cicer montbretii STRANDZA MTS. Vicia striata Bieb. Vicia incisa Bieb. Habitat and population of Cicer montbretii * in National Park “Strandza” The typical colkhic woods are comprised of tree- species like Quercus hartwissiana, Q. pontica, Q. imeretina (= Q. robur ssp. imeretina), Fagus orientalis, Picea orientalis , Abies nordmanniana as well as the typical evergreen undergrowth: Laurocerasus officinalis, Rhododendron ponticum, Vaccinium arctostaphylos, Staphylea colchica, Smilax excelsa, Buxus colchicus 33 EXPEDITIONEXPEDITION MISSIONMISSION .. Identification:Identification: 20112011 -- AprilApril andand MayMay 20122012 .. CollectionCollection ofof seeds:seeds: June,June, 20122012 CoordinatesCoordinates:: altitudealtitude 198198 mm ;; 420110420110,,33 N;N; 0273635,1E0273635,1E –– inin thethe regionregion ofof GramatikovoGramatikovo;; StatusStatus -- ProtectedProtected plantplant speciesspecies PopulationsPopulations:: limitedlimited distributiondistribution andand smallsmall populations,populations, nearnear roadsroads singlesingle andand groupsgroups ofof plantsplants occuoccupypy smallsmall areasareas onon thethe orderorder ofof 1100--2020 mm2.. HabitatHabitat:: drydry stonystony andand grassygrassy sitessites nearnear oakoak woodswoods andand erodederoded slopesslopes nenearar roadsroads GrassesGrasses andand AmorphaAmorpha fruticosafruticosa In the Rhodope Mountains have identifiedidentified areasareas forfor thethe inin situsitu conservation of the species Medicago rhodopea,, Vicia onobryhoides and Vicia tenuifolia.. These two Vicia sp. are perennial and widespr ead in the Eastern Rhodopes, but not maintained in ex situ collection because pods are highly shattering. In 2006, individual plants were found of Lupinus graecus inin thethe EasternEastern RhodopesRhodopes /Municipality/Municipality Krumovgrad/.. Unfortunately this information not confirmed by the recent expeditions.We do not have the exact coordinates .. In 2007 was identified habitat with Pisum elatius in Kaliakra reserve. The collected seeds of this species could not grow and we have lost. We have not visited the place during flowering, and no information on habitat. Pisum elatius NORTH BLACK SEA – Kaliakra reserve CollectingCollecting locallocal RGRRGR inin 20102010 andand 20112011 werewere evaluatedevaluated byby morphologicalmorphological andand economiceconomic indicators.indicators. CollectedCollected inin 20122012 willwill reproducereproduce andand evaluateevaluate thethe nextnext twotwo years.years. AccordingAccording toto availableavailable morphologicalmorphological evaluationevaluation thethe accessionsaccessions areare distributeddistributed byby high of plant, branching, leaf size, pod size,seed size, seed color etc. FabaFaba Height of 1 plant, mm bean over 100 mm bean 81- 100 mm groups 60- 80 mm 0 10203040506070 % Number of bazal branches other over 3 2- 3 groups 020406080 % Number of seeds/pod Length of pod, mm 4- 5 over 120 111 -120 3- 4 groups 101 -110 2- 3 groups 90 -100 020406080 to 90 % 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 % W idth of pod, mm over 21 17 -19 oups r g 13 - 15 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 % Length of seeds, mm Width of seeds, mm over 22 over 16 20 -22 14 -16 18 -20 group 16 -18 12 -14 14 -16 groups 10 -12 0 10203040 to 10 % 0 1020304050 % Mass of 1000 seeds, g 1601 - 1800 1201 -1400 groups 801 - 1000 under 600 0 5 10 15 20 25 % Elements of productivity 1. Number seeds per plant Fababean : min: 20 max 112 Checkpea : 37 80 Grasspea 4 123 2. Weight seed per plant Fababean : min 23,3 max 109 g Checkpea : 8,5 30,4 Grasspea : 1,3 23,6 3 Weight of 1000 seeds Fababean : min 600 max 1910 g Checkpea : 213 480 Grasspea : 20,4 268,6 Distribution of collecting samples of Faba bean for crude protein
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