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Organisational Structure, Programme Production and Audience

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Organisational Structure, Programme Production and Audience OBSERVATOIRE EUROPÉEN DE L'AUDIOVISUEL EUROPEAN AUDIOVISUAL OBSERVATORY EUROPÄISCHE AUDIOVISUELLE INFORMATIONSSTELLE http://www.obs.coe.int TELEVISION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE, PROGRAMME PRODUCTION AND AUDIENCE March 2006 This report was prepared by Internews Russia for the European Audiovisual Observatory based on sources current as of December 2005. Authors: Anna Kachkaeva Ilya Kiriya Grigory Libergal Edited by Manana Aslamazyan and Gillian McCormack Media Law Consultant: Andrei Richter The analyses expressed in this report are the authors’ own opinions and cannot in any way be considered as representing the point of view of the European Audiovisual Observatory, its members and the Council of Europe. CONTENT INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................................................6 1. INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK........................................................................................................13 1.1. LEGISLATION ....................................................................................................................................13 1.1.1. Key Media Legislation and Its Problems .......................................................................... 13 1.1.2. Advertising ....................................................................................................................... 22 1.1.3. Copyright and Related Rights .......................................................................................... 26 1.1.4. Other Laws and Regulatory Statutes................................................................................ 28 1.1.5. Anti-Monopoly Regulation and Foreign Participation........................................................ 29 1.1.6. The Two-Tiered System of Media Regulation - Centre vs. Regions................................. 30 1.2. STATE REGULATION ..........................................................................................................................31 1.2.1. Ministry of Culture and Mass Communications ................................................................ 31 1.2.2. Ministry of IT and Communications .................................................................................. 35 1.2.3. The Russian Satellite Communications Company (RSCC) .............................................. 36 1.2.4. State Duma Committee for Information Policy and Communications............................... 36 1.2.5. Federation Council Committee for Information Policy ...................................................... 36 1.2.6. Public Chamber................................................................................................................ 37 1.2.7. Industrial Strategy to 2015 ............................................................................................... 38 1.3. SELF-REGULATION ............................................................................................................................39 2. ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE.....................................................................................................43 2.1. LEADING STATE AND PRIVATE TELEVISION COMPANIES .......................................................................43 2.1.1. National Channels and Networks ..................................................................................... 46 2.2. NEW CHANNELS ................................................................................................................................58 2.2.1. New and Niche Channels created after 2002................................................................... 58 2.2.2. New Niche Cable and Satellite Channels......................................................................... 60 2.2.2. Regional Television Companies....................................................................................... 62 2.3. FINANCIAL ANALYSIS (STATE SUPPORT, ADVERTISING) ........................................................................65 2.3.1. State support.................................................................................................................... 65 2.3.2. Advertising market............................................................................................................ 68 2.4. TECHNICAL FACILITIES ......................................................................................................................76 2.4.1. Household Equipment...................................................................................................... 76 2.4.3. Cable and Satellite Television .......................................................................................... 78 3. TELEVISION PROGRAMMING MARKET...............................................................................................84 3.1. MARKET DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................................................84 3.1.1. Television Broadcasters in Russia ................................................................................... 84 3.1.2. Types of Television Programming.................................................................................... 86 3.1.3. Films................................................................................................................................. 87 3.1.4. Television Series.............................................................................................................. 89 3.1.5. Producers of Television Series......................................................................................... 91 3.1.6. Reality and Game Shows................................................................................................. 91 3.1.7. News ................................................................................................................................ 92 3.1.8. Sports............................................................................................................................... 93 3.1.9. Children’s Programmes.................................................................................................... 94 3.1.10. Documentary, Cultural and Educational Programmes...................................................... 94 3.2. PROFILES OF LEADING PRODUCTION COMPANIES................................................................................96 3.2.1. VID ................................................................................................................................... 96 3.2.2. ATV .................................................................................................................................. 96 3.2.3. Amedia............................................................................................................................. 96 3.2.4. Phoenix Film .................................................................................................................... 97 3.2.5. Tsivilizatsiya ..................................................................................................................... 97 3.2.6. Rekun-Kino ...................................................................................................................... 97 3.2.7. Novy Russky Serial .......................................................................................................... 97 3.2.8. Dixi ................................................................................................................................... 97 APPENDICES..............................................................................................................................................99 Appendix 1: Anti-terrorist Convention, that defines rules of conduct of the mass media in the cases of terrorist attacks and counter-terrorist operation*, was adopted by the Mass Media Industrial Committee on 8 April, 2003. .............................................................................................................. 99 Appendix 2: Daily average share of federal channels (Russia, December 2005) ............................ 102 Appendix 3: Subscription channels by platforms, Moscow (December 2005).................................. 103 INFORMATION SOURCES.......................................................................................................................107 1. DESCRIPTION AND EVALUATION OF INFORMATION SOURCES USED BY RUSSIAN PROFESSIONALS ................107 1.1. Basic Information Resources.............................................................................................. 107 1.2. Professional Magazines...................................................................................................... 107 1.3. News Weeklies Regularly Discussing TV Issues................................................................ 109 1.4. Academic Sources.............................................................................................................. 110 1.5. Daily Newspapers............................................................................................................... 110 2. LIST OF CONTACTS ..............................................................................................................................111 2.1. Regulatory Agencies........................................................................................................... 111 2.2. Professional Associations..................................................................................................
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