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Infrared Spectra of Noble Gases (12000 to 19000 Ar Curtis 1
Journal of Research of the Nationa l Bureau of Sta ndards Vol. 49, No. 2, August 1952 Resea rch Paper 2345 Infrared Spectra of Noble Gases (12000 to 19000 Ar Curtis 1. Humphreys and Henry 1. Kostkowski . The first spectra of heliUl.n, neon, argon, krypton, and xe non, excited by discharges in gelssler t ubes, operated by direct connection to a transformer, have been explored in the ll1frared (1 2090 to 19000 A) . A hi~h-reso lu t.i o n , automatically recording, infrared spec trom eter, emploYlllg a. 15009-h~ es -p e r-lllch gratlllg and lead-sulfi de photocond ucting detector, was used as t he dlspersmg mstrument. A new set of wavelength values is reported for all t hese spectra. New data include 18 pre viously unreported lines of neon and 36 of krypton all of which have been. classified . .~h e descriptions of t he spectra of argon, krypton, and xe non represent essent ially a repetit IOn of t he observations of Sitt ner and Peck. Several prev io~ s l y missing classificat ions a re supplied, also a few amended interpretat ions. The analysIs of t hese spectra m ay be regarded as complete. Use of selected lines as wavelength standards is suggested., 1. Introduction mocouple detector were reported by Humphreys and Plyler [2] . These observations covered the same The essentially complete character of both the spec tral region in which the data herein reported were d escription and interpretation of th e photographed obtained, but, because of well-known limitations af spec tra of the noble atmospheric gases makes it fecting the precision of spectral data obtained by apparent that any reopening of th e subject can be prism spec trometers with thermal detectors, may be justified only on the basis of th e availability of new' considered as en tirely sup erseded by the presen t sources of information, such as a new technique of work. -
Nikola Tesla
Nikola Tesla Nikola Tesla Tesla c. 1896 10 July 1856 Born Smiljan, Austrian Empire (modern-day Croatia) 7 January 1943 (aged 86) Died New York City, United States Nikola Tesla Museum, Belgrade, Resting place Serbia Austrian (1856–1891) Citizenship American (1891–1943) Graz University of Technology Education (dropped out) ‹ The template below (Infobox engineering career) is being considered for merging. See templates for discussion to help reach a consensus. › Engineering career Electrical engineering, Discipline Mechanical engineering Alternating current Projects high-voltage, high-frequency power experiments [show] Significant design o [show] Awards o Signature Nikola Tesla (/ˈtɛslə/;[2] Serbo-Croatian: [nǐkola têsla]; Cyrillic: Никола Тесла;[a] 10 July 1856 – 7 January 1943) was a Serbian-American[4][5][6] inventor, electrical engineer, mechanical engineer, and futurist who is best known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current (AC) electricity supply system.[7] Born and raised in the Austrian Empire, Tesla studied engineering and physics in the 1870s without receiving a degree, and gained practical experience in the early 1880s working in telephony and at Continental Edison in the new electric power industry. He emigrated in 1884 to the United States, where he became a naturalized citizen. He worked for a short time at the Edison Machine Works in New York City before he struck out on his own. With the help of partners to finance and market his ideas, Tesla set up laboratories and companies in New York to develop a range of electrical and mechanical devices. His alternating current (AC) induction motor and related polyphase AC patents, licensed by Westinghouse Electric in 1888, earned him a considerable amount of money and became the cornerstone of the polyphase system which that company eventually marketed. -
Tracing the Recorded History of Thin-Film Sputter Deposition: from the 1800S to 2017
Review Article: Tracing the recorded history of thin-film sputter deposition: From the 1800s to 2017 Cite as: J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 35, 05C204 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4998940 Submitted: 24 March 2017 . Accepted: 10 May 2017 . Published Online: 08 September 2017 J. E. Greene COLLECTIONS This paper was selected as Featured ARTICLES YOU MAY BE INTERESTED IN Review Article: Plasma–surface interactions at the atomic scale for patterning metals Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 35, 05C203 (2017); https:// doi.org/10.1116/1.4993602 Microstructural evolution during film growth Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 21, S117 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1601610 Overview of atomic layer etching in the semiconductor industry Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 33, 020802 (2015); https:// doi.org/10.1116/1.4913379 J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 35, 05C204 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1116/1.4998940 35, 05C204 © 2017 Author(s). REVIEW ARTICLE Review Article: Tracing the recorded history of thin-film sputter deposition: From the 1800s to 2017 J. E. Greenea) D. B. Willett Professor of Materials Science and Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801; Tage Erlander Professor of Physics, Linkoping€ University, Linkoping,€ Sweden, 58183, Sweden; and University Professor of Materials Science, National Taiwan University Science and Technology, Taipei City, 106, Taiwan (Received 24 March 2017; accepted 10 May 2017; published 8 September 2017) Thin films, ubiquitous in today’s world, have a documented history of more than 5000 years. However, thin-film growth by sputter deposition, which required the development of vacuum pumps and electrical power in the 1600s and the 1700s, is a much more recent phenomenon. -
Hugo Gernsback and Radio Magazines: an Influential Intersection in Broadcast History
Journal of Radio Studies/Volume 9, No. 2, 2002 Hugo Gernsback and Radio Magazines: An Influential Intersection in Broadcast History Keith Massie and Stephen D. Perry Hugo Gernsback's contributions to the devetopment of early radio have gone largely unheralded. This article concentrates on how his role as the most influentiat editor in the 1920s radio press inftuenced earty radio experimentation, regutation, growth, and poputarization. His pubtications promoted radio among hobbyists and novices, but also encouraged experimenters and innovators. He often described ways in which radio could be improved down to the publication of technical diagrams. He built his own radio stations where he tested many of the innovations his magazine promoted. Gernsback's greatest personal satisfaction derived from encouraging broad experimentation that enhanced scientific development. The story of broadcasting involves an amalgam of people who influ- enced its development and direction. Names like Guglielmo Marconi, David Sarnoff, William Paley, Lee De Forest, Reginald Fessenden, Frank Conrad, Alexander Popov, and others have become well known for their work in inventing, developing, and promoting pieces of the puzzle that became the medium of radio. Others have remained no more than historical footnotes. One person who has been little more than a foot- note in broadcasting but whose fame lives on in another area is Hugo Gernsback, the father of science fiction and namesake of the Hugo Award for science fiction writing.^ Yet he may have been one of the most influential figures in promoting radio experimentation and adop- tion by amateur hobbyists in the 1910s and 1920s, and in campaigning for regulatory directions for radio in the days before the establishment of the Federal Radio Commission. -
U. S. Radio Stations As of June 30, 1922 the Following List of U. S. Radio
U. S. Radio Stations as of June 30, 1922 The following list of U. S. radio stations was taken from the official Department of Commerce publication of June, 1922. Stations generally operated on 360 meters (833 kHz) at this time. Thanks to Barry Mishkind for supplying the original document. Call City State Licensee KDKA East Pittsburgh PA Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Co. KDN San Francisco CA Leo J. Meyberg Co. KDPT San Diego CA Southern Electrical Co. KDYL Salt Lake City UT Telegram Publishing Co. KDYM San Diego CA Savoy Theater KDYN Redwood City CA Great Western Radio Corp. KDYO San Diego CA Carlson & Simpson KDYQ Portland OR Oregon Institute of Technology KDYR Pasadena CA Pasadena Star-News Publishing Co. KDYS Great Falls MT The Tribune KDYU Klamath Falls OR Herald Publishing Co. KDYV Salt Lake City UT Cope & Cornwell Co. KDYW Phoenix AZ Smith Hughes & Co. KDYX Honolulu HI Star Bulletin KDYY Denver CO Rocky Mountain Radio Corp. KDZA Tucson AZ Arizona Daily Star KDZB Bakersfield CA Frank E. Siefert KDZD Los Angeles CA W. R. Mitchell KDZE Seattle WA The Rhodes Co. KDZF Los Angeles CA Automobile Club of Southern California KDZG San Francisco CA Cyrus Peirce & Co. KDZH Fresno CA Fresno Evening Herald KDZI Wenatchee WA Electric Supply Co. KDZJ Eugene OR Excelsior Radio Co. KDZK Reno NV Nevada Machinery & Electric Co. KDZL Ogden UT Rocky Mountain Radio Corp. KDZM Centralia WA E. A. Hollingworth KDZP Los Angeles CA Newbery Electric Corp. KDZQ Denver CO Motor Generator Co. KDZR Bellingham WA Bellingham Publishing Co. KDZW San Francisco CA Claude W. -
The Cathode Ray Tube 1
Kendall Dix The Cathode Ray Tube 1 PHYSICS II HONORS PROJECT THE CATHODE RAY TUBE BY: KENDALL DIX 001-H ID: 010363995 Kendall Dix The Cathode Ray Tube 2 Introduction !The purpose of this construction project was the replication of Crookes tube, or the cathode ray tube. I was inspired by the historical and modern significance of the cathode ray. A modification of Crookes tube evolved into the first televisions. Although these are being phased out, their importance is undeniable. In modern times the basic cathode ray is not used for anything but demonstrating gasses conducting electricity. How it should work !A Crookes tube is constructed by applying a voltage from a few kV to 100 kV between a cathode and anode (Gilman). Although the Crookes tube requires an evacuation of gas, it must not be complete. The remaining gas is crucial to the process. The cathode (negative side) is induced to emit electrons by naturally occurring positive ions in the air (Townsend). The positive ions are attracted to the negative charge of the cathode. They collide with other air particles and strip off electrons, creating more positive ions. The positive ions collide with the cathode so powerfully that they knock off the excess electrons. These electrons are immediately attracted to the anode and begin accelerating toward it. Because Crookes tube is a cold cathode (no heat applied), the cathode requires the impact of the ions to knock off electrons. The maximum vacuum or minimum gas pressure to begin the chain reaction of ions in the gas is about 10-6 atm (Thompson). -
Published by Experimenter Publishing Company, Inc
Radio News for May, 1929 ' Volume 10 May, 1929 Number 11 ARTHUR H. LYNCH, Editor -in -Chief C. P. MASON, Associate Editor JOHN B. BRENNAN, Jr., Laboratory Director C. WALTER PALMER, Director Information Service Contents of This Issue Aviation and Radio The Hammarlund- Roberts "Junior Hi -Q By Arthur H. Lynch 985 ' 29" By Leslie G. Biles 1009 Giant Speaker of Four -Mile Range By -Pass Resistors for Series-Filament By C. Sterling Gleason 986 'Operation By J. H. Arnold 1011 Public- Address Systems By J. E. Smith 988 The "A.C. Screen -Grid DX-er" What's New in Radio 992 By Robert Ilertzbcrg 1012 Radio "Mysteries" and Other Audio More About Harmonics of Long -Wave Effects 994 Broadcast Stations 1015 Increasing Selectivity in a Receiver Wavemeter Hints for the Short -Wave By C. Walter Palmer 995 Listener By A. Binneweg, Jr. 1016 How to Deal with "Man -Made Static" The Service Man 1018 By Tobe Deutschmann 998 Radio Wrinkles 1020 Choosing Between Volume -Control Meth- The Constructor's Own Page 1022 van ods By Ashur A. Sommers 1000 List of Broadcast Station Calls 1024 How to Build the New York Times On the Short Waves 1026 Short --Wave Receiver By F. E. Meinholtz 1002 RADIO NEWS Laboratories 1028 The Radio Beginner -A "Hartley" R.F. I Want to Know By C. W. Palmer 1029 Broadcast Receiver By B. B. Bryant 1006 4p Radio Book Review By H. M. Bayer 1052 IN THE FORTHCOMING ISSUES For our June and following issues RADIO NEWS has In preparation. among others, the following articles of interest to our constructors: A NEW BROWNING CIRCT:IT. -
Pros and Cons Controversy on Molecular Imaging and Dynamic
Open Access Archives of Biotechnology and Biomedicine Research Article Pros and Cons Controversy on Molecular Imaging and Dynamics of Double- ISSN Standard DNA/RNA of Human Preserving 2639-6777 Stem Cells-Binding Nano Molecules with Androgens/Anabolic Steroids (AAS) or Testosterone Derivatives through Tracking of Helium-4 Nucleus (Alpha Particle) Using Synchrotron Radiation Alireza Heidari* Faculty of Chemistry, California South University, 14731 Comet St. Irvine, CA 92604, USA *Address for Correspondence: Dr. Alireza Abstract Heidari, Faculty of Chemistry, California South University, 14731 Comet St. Irvine, CA 92604, In the current study, we have investigated pros and cons controversy on molecular imaging and dynamics USA, Email: of double-standard DNA/RNA of human preserving stem cells-binding Nano molecules with Androgens/ [email protected]; Anabolic Steroids (AAS) or Testosterone derivatives through tracking of Helium-4 nucleus (Alpha particle) using [email protected] synchrotron radiation. In this regard, the enzymatic oxidation of double-standard DNA/RNA of human preserving Submitted: 31 October 2017 stem cells-binding Nano molecules by haem peroxidases (or heme peroxidases) such as Horseradish Peroxidase Approved: 13 November 2017 (HPR), Chloroperoxidase (CPO), Lactoperoxidase (LPO) and Lignin Peroxidase (LiP) is an important process from Published: 15 November 2017 both the synthetic and mechanistic point of view. Copyright: 2017 Heidari A. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative -
WIRELESS COURSE in Twenty Lessons by ^*C\&^?Ite^ *^
University of California Berkeley WIRELESS COURSE in Twenty Lessons by ^*C\&^?ite^ *^ Published by TH ELECTRO IMPORTING CO NEW YORK Lesson Number One THE PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRICITY. ^iiN the study of wireless telegraphy, many electrical terms fl| and instruments are encountered, making it necessary for the beginners to obtain a working knowledge of elec- tricity before invading the more difficult subject of wireless. We have therefore devoted the first, second and third lessons to a concise and practical course in elementary electricity. We do not claim that it is complete, inasmuch as our course only covers electricity in general to give the student a better under- standing of wireless telegraphy. For a better knoivledge of electricity, we recommend the reader to the many excellent text books which cover the subject in a thorough manner. Electricity in its simplest form was known to the ancients many cen- turies before the Christian era. Thales, of Miletus, a city of Asia Minor, in the seventh century B. C., described the remarkable property of attraction and repulsion which amber possesses when rubbed. When being thus rubbed he found that it would attract particles of dust, dry leaves, straws, etc. This phenomenon was noted from time to time in the succeeding centuries, but it was not until 1600 A. D., that Dr. Gilbert of Colchester, England, took up the study of this subject. Because of the thoroughness with which he delved into the study of electricity, he is considered as the founder of the science of electricity. He gave the name of electricity to the peculiar force, which he derived from the Greek name "Elektron," meaning Amber. -
VN313 8!Lqnd UB8!J8WV 8~L Pub O! PB~ Aijbj
VI\0901ZV~ VN313 8!lqnd UB8!J8WV 8~l pUB O! PB~ AIJBj The Listener's Voice The Listener's Voice Early Radio and the American Public ELENA RAZLOGOVA PENN UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA PRESS PHILAD LPHIA " Copyright 2011 University of Pennsylvania Press All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations used for purposes of review or scholarly citation, none of this book may be reproduced in any form by any means without written permission (rom the publisher. Published by University of Pennsylvania Press Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-4112 www.upenn.eduipennpress Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10 9 8 6 5 4 3 2 1 A Cataloging-in-Publication record is available from the Library of Congress ISBN 978-0-8122·4320-8 10(J)0 I)OUlJUI U! PUt) s:juJ)t)d lUi )0:::1 Contents Preface: The Moral Economy of American Broadcasting At Ringside 11 2 Jumping the Waves 33 3 Voice of the Listener 55 4 Listeners Write the Scripts 75 5 Measuring Culture 98 6 Gang Busters U5 7 Vox Jox 132 Epilogue 152 List of Abbreviations 160 Notes 163 Index 209 Acknowledgments 215 Preface The Moral Economy of American Broadcasting When Gang Busters came on the air Kanny Roy was packing her grand daughter's suitcase. It was nine oclock in the evening in September of 1942. It did not take her long to realize that the story concerned her son. Twelve years previously, she sold dresses at a ready-to-wear shop in Cedar Rapids, Iowa, her husband ran electric trains at a foundry, and her son, Virgil Harris, processed corn at a starch factory. -
{PDF} the Perversity of Things Hugo Gernsback on Media, Tinkering, and Scientifiction 1St Edition
THE PERVERSITY OF THINGS HUGO GERNSBACK ON MEDIA, TINKERING, AND SCIENTIFICTION 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Hugo Gernsback | 9781517900854 | | | | | The Perversity of Things Hugo Gernsback on Media, Tinkering, and Scientifiction 1st edition PDF Book However, Rider would soon leave Gernsback and form his own publishing company, John F. Designs for cheaply made, easy-to-reproduce components like The Radioson Detector could rival the newer, industrially produced vacuum-tube sets: they were cheaper, easier to fix, and most importantly, easily understood by most home experimenters. Scarecrow Press. An electronic edition of The Perversity of Things was released in and can be accessed at Manifold publications page. Wertenbaker writes that if a writer attempts to capture the sublime through too-rigorously objective a lens scientifiction in his view being the only modern literature truly capable of approaching the sublime , then scientifiction could lose much of its power:. With a little practise one will become proficient in moving the head at the same ratio of speed as the ordinary reproducer arm is moved from the outside of the record towards the inside. Not only do these amazing tales make tremendously interesting reading—they are also always instructive. Gernsback provided a forum for the modern genre of science fiction in by founding the first magazine dedicated to it, Amazing Stories. In , he lost ownership of his first magazines after a bankruptcy lawsuit. Read More. Galaxy Science Fiction. The participation of women in these futures was very specifically circumscribed as well. The word Science, from the Latin scientia, meaning knowledge, is closely related to Invention, which, derived from the Latin inventio, means, finding out. -
Chapter 2 Incandescent Light Bulb
Lamp Contents 1 Lamp (electrical component) 1 1.1 Types ................................................. 1 1.2 Uses other than illumination ...................................... 2 1.3 Lamp circuit symbols ......................................... 2 1.4 See also ................................................ 2 1.5 References ............................................... 2 2 Incandescent light bulb 3 2.1 History ................................................. 3 2.1.1 Early pre-commercial research ................................ 4 2.1.2 Commercialization ...................................... 5 2.2 Tungsten bulbs ............................................. 6 2.3 Efficacy, efficiency, and environmental impact ............................ 8 2.3.1 Cost of lighting ........................................ 9 2.3.2 Measures to ban use ...................................... 9 2.3.3 Efforts to improve efficiency ................................. 9 2.4 Construction .............................................. 10 2.4.1 Gas fill ............................................ 10 2.5 Manufacturing ............................................. 11 2.6 Filament ................................................ 12 2.6.1 Coiled coil filament ...................................... 12 2.6.2 Reducing filament evaporation ................................ 12 2.6.3 Bulb blackening ........................................ 13 2.6.4 Halogen lamps ........................................ 13 2.6.5 Incandescent arc lamps .................................... 14 2.7 Electrical