www.jorgewelsh.com Lisboa London First Published 2018 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may Edited by Design Rua da Misericórdia, 43 116 Kensington Church Street © 2018 Jorge Welsh be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form Luísa Vinhais www.panorama.pt 1200—270 Lisboa London W8 4BH — Research & Publishing by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now and Jorge Welsh Portugal United Kingdom 116 Kensington Church St., known or hereafter invented, including photocopying Printing T +351 213 953 375 T +44 (0) 20 7229 2140 London W8 4BH, UK and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval Photography Norprint.pt system, without prior permission in writing from the Richard Valencia 1st Edition publisher. A catalogue record for this book is available ISBN 978-0-9935068-4-0 from the British Library. Contents

Acknowledgements 008

Foreword 010

Catalogue Overview 017

POrtrait Overview 021

Catalogue entries 026

Bibliography 241

Printed Sources 245

Jorge Welsh Works of Art in Museums and Exhibitions 246

Publications by Jorge Welsh Research & Publishing 248 014 catalogue overview catalogue overview 015 CATALOGUE OVERVIEW

01 02 03 04 05 Painting Figure Plate Two Teabowls Tea Canister

P 026 P 028 P 032 P 040 P 042

07 06 08 09 10 Two Teabowls Painting and Saucers Tea Canister Plate Plate

P 044 P 048 P 050 P 052 P 054

13 11 12 14 Two Teabowls Plate Teapot Stand and Saucers Saucer

P 055 P 056 P 058 P 062

016 portrait overview catalogue overview 017 15 17 16 18 32 33 34 35 Two Teabowls Coffee Cup and Saucers Teabowl and Saucer Two Dishes Punchbowl Mug Punchbowl Two Punchbowls

P 070 P 073 P 074 P 078 P 139 P 142 P 144 P 148

19 20 21 22 23 36 37 38 39 Plate Coffee Cup Two Saucers Plate Plate Two Punchbowls Punchbowl Punchbowl Punchbowl

P 082 P 086 P 092 P 096 P 100 P 154 P 160 P 164 P 168

24 25 26 27 40 41 42 43 Two Plates Two Plates Tureen Reticulated Plate Two Teabowls Saucer Stand Seven Dinner Plates

P 108 P 111 P 116 P 119 P 176 P 180 P 187 P 188

28 29 30 31 44 45 46 47 Four Plates Saucer Box Saucer Two Dessert Plates Reticulated Plate Custard Pot Two Sauceboats

P 120 P 122 P 126 P 130 P 189 P 190 P 191 P 192

018 catalogue overview catalogue overview 019 Portrait OVERVIEW

48 49 50 51 Punchbowl Spoon Tray Cup and Saucer Two Mugs P 194 P 196 P 198 P 202

52 53 54 55 01 02 03 04—06 Mug Mug Two Cisterns Jug Virgin Mary Infant Jesus St. Simon the Apostle St. Ignatius Loyola P 204 P 206 P 208 P 212 P 026 P 028 P 032 P 038

56 57 58 07—12 13 14 15—16 Two Tea Canisters Two Dishes Two Plates Martin Luther Johannes Koch Willem Deurhoff Petrus Boudaen P 220 P 222 P 223 P 046 P 058 P 062 P 068

59 60 61 62 17 18 19 20 Figure Painting Painting Painting Willem van Haren Jan van Leiden Pieter de Wolff Elizabeth Petrovna of Russia P 224 P 228 P 232 P 236 P 074 P 078 P 082 P 086

020 catalogue overview portrait overview 021 21 22 23 23 38 39 39 37 William IV Anne Wilhelmina William V Charles I of England, Charles II of England, George III of Great Britain of Orange-Nassau of Orange-Nassau of Orange-Nassau of Orange-Nassau Fanny Murray Scotland and Ireland Scotland and Ireland and Ireland P 092 P 096 P 100 P 100 P 160 P 164 P 168 P 168

24—25 24 26—28 29 40 41 42—48 48—50 Louise Frederick V Frederick V Joseph I of Denmark-Norway of Denmark-Norway of Denmark-Norway of Portugal European Lady Double Portrait Minerva Apollo P 104 P 104 P 112 P 122 P 176 P 180 P 184 P 194

30 31 32—33 34 51 52 53 54 Charles IV George II of Great Britain of Spain and Ireland Duke of Cumberland Scotsmen Neptune Bacchus Bacchus Toby P 126 P 130 P 136 P 144 P 200 P 200 P 200 P 208

34 35 36 36 55 56—58 56—58 59 Scotsmen Sawney John Wilkes William Murray Toby Philpot European Couple European Couple European Gentleman P 144 P 148 P 154 P 154 P 212 P 216 P 216 P 224

022 portrait overview portrait overview 023 60 61 62 European Gentleman European Lady European Lady P 228 P 232 P 236

024 portrait overview portrait overview 025 St. Simon 03 Plate the Apostle

A circular plate decorated at its centre This plate is part of a set depicting eleven Porcelain decorated in in bright polychrome enamels and gilt with of the apostles and St. John the Baptist. It was overglaze polychrome a rectangular panel enclosing the portrait of made in China and possibly for a Flemish client. enamels, grisaille, St. Simon the Apostle. A bust of the saint with The rectangular cartouche at the centre of the and gold

a gold halo around his head and holding the plate copies a devotional card (heilige kaartje) China — Qing dynasty, saw with which he was executed is shown within made by the Antwerp engraver Michiel Cabbaey Qianlong period an oval medallion. This scene unfolds above (ca. 1660-1722) (fig. 1). The image was probably (1736-1795), ca. 1760 the inscription ‘S.SVUMON’ and is enclosed modelled after the print made by Schelte Adamsz by acanthus leaves, two birds, and stylised Bolswert and also published in Antwerp by Ø 22.7 cm

flowering foliage. The broad rim of this plate is Maarten van den Enden, which was in turn based Provenance painted in grisaille with a du Paquier-style border on an original design by Gerard Seghers (fig. 2). Baronne della Faille issuing peacocks, scale patterns, and Laub- und Cabbaey was renowned for his miniature prints Collection Bandelwerk strapwork. At the bottom of the rim, following designs by great masters, to which he François Hervouët these patterns are interrupted by a polychrome added flowering frames, often painted by hand, Collection oval medallion with a dove surmounted by the onto the printed surface (fig. 3).1 His framing Dr Anton C.R. Dreesmann Collection all-seeing eye of God. Double lines in black devices varied from linear, rectangular panels, enamel and gold surround the entire plate. as seen on the porcelain plates depicting Philip, Matthew, and Jude, to more complex ornaments of entwined acanthus leaves and birds, as on the plates showing Simon, Peter, Andrew, Bartholomew, Thomas, and Mathias.

Fig. 1

Holy Card Michiel Cabbaey (ca. 1660-1722) Painted parchment

© Museum Catharijneconvent, FIG. 1 Utrecht / Ruben de Heer

032 through distant eyes through distant eyes 033 FIG. 3 FIG. 4

14 15 16 6 Maior’ (fig. 4), ‘S. Mathevs’, ‘S. Philippvs’, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, inv. no. 51.86.17a, b. Fig. 3 7 British Museum, London, inv. no. Franks.759.+. 17 18 19 Holy Card ‘S. Svmon’, ‘S. Andreas’, ‘S. Bartholomeus’, 8 Victoria and Albert Museum, London, inv. no. C.30-1951; Michiel Cabbaey (ca. 1660-1722) ‘S. Petrus’,20 ‘S. Thomas’,21 and ‘S. Mathias’.22 Minneapolis Institute of Art, inv. no. 97.153.80. Painted parchment 9 Leidy and Pinto de Matos, 2016, p. 144. The plate showing the apostle St. Paul was 10 British Museum, London, inv. no. Franks.891.+ © Museum Catharijneconvent, Utrecht illustrated by J.-P. van Goidsenhoven in 193623 11 Leidy and Pinto de Matos, 2016, p. 144. 12 Leidy and Pinto de Matos, 2016, pp. 142-43, fig. 52. and the twelfth plate from the series, inscribed 13 Hervouët and Bruneau, 1986, p. 269, no. 11.32. 14 Hervouët and Bruneau, 1986, p. 269, no. 11.33; Mézin, 2002, ‘XI S. Ivdae’, was until 1980 in the Garbisch Fig. 4 p. 149, no. 123. Collection, USA.24 15 Hervouët and Bruneau, 1986, p. 269, no. 11.34; Plate Jorge Welsh (ed.), 2003, pp. 80-85, cat. 24. China 16 Qing dynasty, Qianlong period Hervouët and Bruneau, 1986, p. 269, no. 11.35; Jorge Welsh (1736-1795), ca. 1760 Published in (ed.), 2003, pp. 80-85, cat. 24, presently in the Metropolitan Porcelain decorated Museum of Art, New York, inv. no. 2016.73. in overglaze polychrome enamels, grisaille, and gold Hervouët and Bruneau, 1986, p. 270, no. 11.37 17 Hervouët and Bruneau, 1986, p. 270, no. 11.37; Jorge Welsh Ø 22.7 cm Jorge Welsh (ed.), 2003, pp. 80-85, no. 24 • (ed.), 2003, pp. 80-85, cat. 24. 18 Hervouët and Bruneau, 1986, p. 270, no. 11.38; Howard and © Y. Boëlle – Musée de la Ayers, 1978, vol. I, p. 321, no. 316; Pinto de Matos, 2011, vol. II, Compagnie des Indes — Ville de Lorient pp. 312-13, no. 369. 1 Heurck, 1930. 19 Hervouët and Bruneau, 1986, p. 270, no. 11.39; Howard and 2 Plates with this pattern are presently in the Museo Nacional Ayers, 1978, vol. I, p. 321, no. 316; Pinto de Matos, 2011, vol. II, de Artes Decorativas, Madrid, the Victoria and Albert Museum, pp. 312-13, no. 369; Leidy and Pinto de Matos, 2016, pp. 140-45, London, and the Museo Historico de Acapulco, illustrated cat. 26. in Gutiérrez Peláez (coord.), 2002, p. 74; other plates are 20 Beurdeley and Raindre, 1986, pp. 208-09, no. 282; Jorge Welsh illustrated by Mudge, 1986, p. 81 and Díaz, 2010, no. 10, (ed.), 2003, pp. 80-85, no. 24. pp. 130-33. 21 Dias (coord.), 1996, pp. 108-10, figs. 43-44. 3 Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam, inv. no. AK-NM-13431. 22 Dias (coord.), 1996, pp. 108-10, figs. 43-44. 4 Groninger Museum, Groningen, inv. no. 1997.0636. 23 Goidsenhoven, 1936, p. 109, no. 257. 5 Kroes, 2007, p. 306, cat. no. 222a. 24 Hervouët and Bruneau, 1986, p. 270, no. 11.36.

036 through distant eyes Willem 14 Saucer Deurhoff

A saucer dish modelled with rounded sides Porcelain decorated and a short tapering foot ring. It was decorated in overglaze in Holland in overglaze enamels including pink, polychrome enamels, red, yellow, green, blue, and black and gold. The grisaille and gold

surface comprises five medallions reserved on a China and Holland — blue, enamelled background where iron red and Qing dynasty (1644- yellow birds stand amid green foliage and gilt 1911); decorated arabesques. At the centre is a gilt rectangular 1715-1730

frame, adorned with red acanthus leaves, Ø 20.7 cm enclosing a portrait of Willem Deurhoff. He wears a long, voluminous, curly wig and is dressed in a bright-pink robe with a yellow collar worn over a white cravat. On either side, above, and below the central medallion are four lobed cartouches lavishly decorated with a red border and a smaller concentric light-pink band, enclosing gilt foliage over a black, dotted background.

062 through distant eyes through distant eyes 063 Succession. He was recalled to England in 32 October of the same year to take over the command to stop the campaign of Charles Punchbowl Edward Stuart, who had already occupied Edinburgh. On 16 April 1746, government troops met the Highland army, whom they vastly outnumbered, at Culloden, Porcelain decorated in near Inverness. The battle was quickly overglaze polychrome enamels and gold decided in favour of Cumberland, who, in its aftermath, gave orders to exterminate all China — Qing dynasty, ‘rebels’ found in the Highlands, even those Qianlong period (1736- that had not been involved in the uprising, 1795), ca. 1747 including women and children. As a result H. 11 cm of the bloodshed, Cumberland acquired Ø 26.5 cm the sobriquet ‘the Butcher’. His popularity decreased after Culloden, with his military Provenance and political influence progressively J. Jefferson and Anne Weiler Miller Collection declining until his death in 1765.

Yet the years that followed the end of the Jacobite rising saw the popularisation FIG. 27 of the Duke’s likeness on Chinese and English ceramics (fig. 29).1 This was relevant due to a need to visually affirm one’s political affiliations with the ruling A punchbowl with deep, rounded sides, standing within a rectangular, foliate cartouche inscribed House of Hanover. Interestingly, similar on a tall, slightly tapering foot ring and decorated ‘CullodenBattle of (...) april 16 1746’. The interior punchbowls and mugs, possibly forming in overglaze polychrome enamels. The punchbowl of the bowl is decorated with a further oval sets, were also ordered in Jingdezhen is painted on either side of the exterior with a depicting the Duke of Cumberland and an iron at around the same period and were portrait of the Duke of Cumberland pointing out red and gilt spearhead border on its rim. • decorated with portraits of the Stuart to his left and wearing a red coat, a tricorn hat, claimants to the throne (fig. 27). 2 • and a blue sash. The portrait is within a circular cartouche inscribed ‘His Royall Highnes William / 1 British Museum, London, inv. no. 1964,1001.1. 2 Hervouët and Bruneau, 1986, p. 223. Duke of Cumbellallol’ alternating with two identical depictions of the Battle of Culloden

Fig. 27

Mug with Portrait of Charles Edward Stuart China Qing dynasty, Qianlong Fig. 28 period (1736-1795), ca. 1745 (next page) Porcelain decorated in overglaze polychrome Culloden Battle enamels and gold Print H. 11.6 L. 12.5 W. 9 cm 1746

© The Trustees Courtesy of High Life of the British Museum Highland and Am Baile

through distant eyes 139 FIG. 28

140 through distant eyes SAWNEY 35 Two Punchbowls

Two punchbowls painted with a Scotsman on wears a tartan jacket, kiln, and a tam o’ shanter Porcelain decorated in one side of the exterior and the inscriptions cap and sits in a latrine with his legs thrust down overglaze polychrome ‘R. Dighton delin. / Published Jn. Smith No. 35 two holes. A thistle growing from a crown is enamels and gold Cheapside Robt. Sayer Jn. Bennett No. 53 Fleet painted on the wall behind him, and below him Street, as the Act directs 11 September 1783’ and the Latin motto of Scotland ‘NEMO ME IMPUNE China — Qing dynasty, Qianlong period ‘When first to the South sly Sauney came forth LACESSIT’ (‘Nobody wounds me with impunity’) (1736-1795), 1783-1785 / He was shewn to a place quite unknown in the is inscribed. Opposite the Scotsman, there are North; / That he is mistaken you soon will explore two pictures on the wall, one of which contains H. 11.5 cm / Yet he scratches and s-s. as no man did before.’ the inscription ‘O Sawnoy why leavs thou thy Ø 29.3 cm

on the reverse. These are painted in shades of Nelly to moan’. Both scenes are within floral and Provenance iron red, blue, yellow, pink, green, and sepia vine medallions, while the interior is decorated (one punchbowl) enamels and heightened in gold. The Scotsman with a border of ears of corn around the rim. J. Jefferson and Anne Weiler Miller Collection

148 through distant eyes through distant eyes 149 FANNY 37 MURRAY Punchbowl

A large punchbowl painted in overglaze The famous courtesan Fanny Murray, born Porcelain decorated in polychrome enamels and decorated on either Frances Rudman (1729-1778), was celebrated overglaze polychrome side of the exterior with a portrait of Fanny in numerous poems and prints of her day. She enamels and gold Murray in French dress. Her dress has a low is depicted on this punchbowl dressed in French- neckline, and her skirt is hitched up to tie her styled clothing and standing before her dressing China — Qing dynasty, Qianlong period garter. She is shown standing in front of a dressing table, denoting her position in the forefront of (1736-1795), ca. 1770 table and is above the inscription ‘HONI / SOIT fashion. The composition was copied from a QUI MAL Y / PENSE’. This scene is shown within pamphlet showing Murray as ‘the careless maid’, H. 15.5 cm a gilt oval medallion. Two lavish flower sprays which faced another woodcut of ‘Miss Fanny Ø 35 cm

are painted between the ovals, and a dense flower Murray, the Fair and Reigning Toast, in her border decorates the interior rim, which is edged primitive Innocence’ (fig. 34). These images were in brown. accompanied by a text comparing the fashions of English and French women, the former preferring ‘Elegant Shapes’, whereas French ladies were said to have ‘invented a Dress to disguise the Shape (...) [in a bid to] to hide the Defects of Nature’.1

160 through distant eyes through distant eyes 161 Jorge Welsh Works of Art

HAVE BEEN ACQUIRED BY THE FOLLOWING HAVE BEEN LENT TO THE FOLLOWING MUSEUMS AND INSTITUTIONS MUSEUM EXHIBITIONS

Australia Japan Singapore USA 2018 — 2019 2014—2013 2007 2003 Art Gallery of South Kyushu National Asian Civilisations Jamestown — Da Europa para a China. The Exotic is never at O Espelho Invertido Peregrinações Australia, Adelaide Museum, Tokyo Museum Yorktown Foundation, As Embaixadas de home? The presence of — Imagens Asiáticas — Homenagem a Maria Williamsburg Lourenço de Portugal China in the Portuguese dos Europeus 1500‑1800, Helena Mendes Pinto, National Museum Belgium Luxembourg (1245), Tomé Pires (1515) faience and azulejo Centro Científico e Fundação Calouste of Singapore Peabody Essex Museum, e Francisco Pacheco de (17th—18th centuries), Cultural de Macau, Lisbon, Gulbenkian, Lisbon, Royal Museum of Fine Musée National Salem, Massachusetts Arts, Antwerp d’Histoire et d’Art Spain Sampaio (1752), Museu do Museu Nacional do Portugal Portugal Philadelphia Museum Oriente, Lisbon, Portugal Azulejo, Lisbon, Portugal Le Grand Atelier Province Plates, Royal Museums of Art Portugal Museo Nacional de Artes of Art, Philadelphia 8th Nov. 2018 — 21st Apr. Portugal, Jesuits, — Europalia, Brussels, a Cultural Dialogue and History, Brussels Decorativas, Madrid 2019 Casa Colombo The Metropolitan and Japan: Spiritual Belgium between Two Civilizations, China — Museu de Porto Museo Oriental, Museum of Art, Contar África!, Padrão Beliefs and Earthly Museum Geelvinck Macau — O Primeiro Santo, Porto Santo Valladolid New York dos Descobrimentos, Goods, Boston College’s Hinlopen Huis, Amsterdam, Art Museum of the Século de um Porto Lisbon, Portugal McMullen Museum of Art, The Netherlands Chinese University of Fundação Carmona Sweden The New Orleans Internacional, Centro 18th Nov. 2018 — 21st Apr. Boston, USA Hong Kong, Shatin NT, e Costa, Lisbon Museum of Art, Científico e Cultural de Hybrides, Porcelaines Museum of Far Eastern 2019 Hong Kong New Orleans Macau, Lisbon, Portugal Chinoises aux Armoiries Fundação Millenium Antiquities, Stockholm 2012 Uma História de Européennes, Musée Guanfu Classical Art BCP The Reeves Center, Encompassing the Globe Assombro. Portugal Japan the land of National d' Histoire Museum, Beijing Switzerland Washington and Lee — Portugal and the World Fundação Oriente, – Japão, Séculos XVI enchantment: Line and et d’Art, Luxembourg University, Lexington in the 16th & 17th Centuries, Hong Kong Maritime Lisbon Baur Foundation, a XX, Galeria D. Luís, Colour, Museo degli Freer Gallery of Art and Museum, Hong Kong Museum of Far Eastern The Speed Art Museum, Palácio Nacional da Argenti, Palazzo Pitti, 2001 Madeira Tecnopolo, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Art, Geneva Kentucky Ajuda, Lisbon, Portugal, Florence, Italy Macao Museum, Macao Funchal Smithsonian Institution, O Mundo da Laca, Nov. 2018 — Mar. 2019 Thailand Yale University Art 2010 Washington, D.C., USA Museu Calouste Nanchang University Museu A Cidade Gulbenkian, Lisbon, Gallery, Connecticut 2017 — 2018 Museum, Nanchang do Açúcar, Funchal Prasart Museum, Namban Commissions 2006 Portugal Bangkok — The Portuguese in Shanghai Museum, Museu Conde de Castro United Arab Emirates Baur Collection Modern Age Japan, São Francisco Xavier 1999—2000 Shanghai Guimarães, Cascais Exhibition, Geneva, The Netherlands Louvre Abu Dhabi, Museu Fundação Oriente, — A Sua Vida e o Seu Switzerland Fundamentos da Museu de Arte Sacra Abu Dhabi Lisbon, Portugal Tempo (1506-1552), France National Maritime Amizade, Centro de Santiago do Cacém, 2017 Cordoaria Nacional, Museum, Amsterdam Científico e Cultural Musée Cernuschi, Paris Santiago do Cacém 2009 Lisbon, Portugal Rijksmuseum, Portugal — Drawing the Macau, Lisbon, Portugal Musée de la Compagnie Museu de Arte Sacra world, Musée National Fascination with the 2005 Amsterdam Escolhas — Objectos des Indes, Ville de Lorient do Funchal, Funchal d'Histoire et d'Art Foreign: China — Japan — Dresden, Spiegel der Raros e de Colecção, (MNHA), Luxembourg, Europe, Hetjens—Museum Germany Museu de São Roque, — Düsseldorf Deutsches Welt, Die Staatlichen Paços do Concelho, Lisbon A Cidade Global. Lisboa Kunstsammlungen Câmara Municipal de Schloss Museum Keramikmuseum, no Renascimento, Museu Dresden in Japan, Lisboa e Associação Wolfshagen, Wolfshagen Museu do Caramulo, Düsseldorf, Germany Nacional de Arte Antiga, The National Museum Portuguesa de Caramulo Staatliche Lisbon, Portugal Encompassing the Globe of Western Art, Tokyo, Antiquários, Lisbon, Kunstsammlungen Museu Nacional de — Portugal e o Mundo nos Japan Portugal Namban: the southern Dresden-Zwinger, Arte Antiga, Lisbon Séculos XVI e XVII, Museu barbarians and the A Porcelana Chinesa Dresden Nacional de Arte Antiga, 1998 Museu Quinta meeting up of cultures, Lisbon, Portugal nas Colecções do Museu das Cruzes, Funchal Museu da Quinta das Quinta das Cruzes, Vasco da Gama e a Índia, Cruzes, Funchal, Portugal Tomás Pereira (1646- Museu Quinta das Cruzes, Capela da Sorbonne, 1708) — A Jesuit in Funchal, Portugal Fundação Calouste 2015 Kangxi´s China, Centro Gulbenkian, Paris, France Científico e Cultural de 2004 The dragon is dancing! Caminhos da Porcelana, Macau, Lisbon, Portugal Kangxi / China Encounters — The Fundação Oriente, Lisbon, Contemporary, 2008 Meeting of Asia and Portugal Hetjens-Museum — Europe 1500-1800, Düsseldorf, Deutsches Encompassing the Globe Victoria and Albert 1996 — Portugal and the World Keramikmuseum, Museum, London, Reflexos do Cristianismo in the 16th & 17th Centuries, Dusseldorf, Germany United Kingdom na Porcelana Chinesa, Musée des Beaux Arts, Museu de São Roque, Onde os nossos livros Brussels, Belgium se acabam, ali começam Lisbon, Portugal os seus… O Japão em fontes documentais dos séculos XVI e XVII, Museu do Livro – Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal, Lisbon, Portugal

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248 Bibliography