Papers from Dr. Th. Mortensen's Pacific Expedition LIV
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Preliminary Mass-Balance Food Web Model of the Eastern Chukchi Sea
NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-262 Preliminary Mass-balance Food Web Model of the Eastern Chukchi Sea by G. A. Whitehouse U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Marine Fisheries Service Alaska Fisheries Science Center December 2013 NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS The National Marine Fisheries Service's Alaska Fisheries Science Center uses the NOAA Technical Memorandum series to issue informal scientific and technical publications when complete formal review and editorial processing are not appropriate or feasible. Documents within this series reflect sound professional work and may be referenced in the formal scientific and technical literature. The NMFS-AFSC Technical Memorandum series of the Alaska Fisheries Science Center continues the NMFS-F/NWC series established in 1970 by the Northwest Fisheries Center. The NMFS-NWFSC series is currently used by the Northwest Fisheries Science Center. This document should be cited as follows: Whitehouse, G. A. 2013. A preliminary mass-balance food web model of the eastern Chukchi Sea. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-AFSC-262, 162 p. Reference in this document to trade names does not imply endorsement by the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-AFSC-262 Preliminary Mass-balance Food Web Model of the Eastern Chukchi Sea by G. A. Whitehouse1,2 1Alaska Fisheries Science Center 7600 Sand Point Way N.E. Seattle WA 98115 2Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean University of Washington Box 354925 Seattle WA 98195 www.afsc.noaa.gov U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Penny. S. Pritzker, Secretary National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Kathryn D. -
Spatial and Temporal Variations in Community Structure of the Demersal Macrofauna of a Subtropical Estuary (Louisiana)
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1982 Spatial and Temporal Variations in Community Structure of the Demersal Macrofauna of a Subtropical Estuary (Louisiana). Thomas C. Shirley Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Shirley, Thomas C., "Spatial and Temporal Variations in Community Structure of the Demersal Macrofauna of a Subtropical Estuary (Louisiana)." (1982). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 3821. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/3821 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed. -
Ophiuroids of the Order Euryalida (Echinodermata) from Hachijōjima Island and Ogasawara Islands, Japan
国立科博専報，（47）： 367–385，2011年4月15日 Mem. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Tokyo, (47): 367–385, April 15, 2011 Ophiuroids of the Order Euryalida (Echinodermata) from Hachijōjima Island and Ogasawara Islands, Japan Masanori Okanishi1, 2, Kunihisa Yamaguchi3, Yoshihiro Horii4 and Toshihiko Fujita2, 1 1 Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7–3–1 Hongō, Bunkyō-ku, Tokyo 113–8654, Japan 2 Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, 3–23–1 Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169–0073, Japan E-mail: [email protected] (MO) 3 Ōshima Branch, Tokyo Metropolitan Islands Area Research and Development Center of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 18 Habuminato, Ōshima-cho, Tokyo 100–0212, Japan 4 Hachijō Branch, Tokyo Metropolitan Islands Area Research and Development Center of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 4222–1 Mitsune, Hachijō-cho, Hachijōjima, Tokyo 100-1511, Japan Abstract. Ophiuroids of the order Euryalida were collected from the depth between 20 and 1980 m off Hachijōjima Island and off Ogasawara Islands, southern Japan. A total of 17 species (12 genera, 4 families) were identified. Key words: Ophiuroidea, Euryalida, taxonomy, deep sea, Japan. Two hundred and fifty one specimens were newly Introduction collected by the project “Species Diversity of The order Euryalida (Echinodermata: Ophi- Sagami Sea and Adjacent Coastal Areas: Origin uroidea) consists of four families, Asteronychi- of Influential Factors” conducted by the National dae, Asteroschematidae, Euryalidae and Gorgono- Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo in addi- cephalidae. Euryalid ophiuroids often live on hard tion to 88 specimens already deposited in the Na- bottoms or attach to soft corals and sponges with tional Museum of Nature and Science. -
Behaviour As Part of Ecological Adaptation
Helgolgnder wiss. Meeresunters. 24, 120-144 (1973) Behaviour as part of ecological adaptation In situ studies in the coral reef H. W. FRICK~ Max-Planck-Institut ~iir Verhaltensphysiologie (Abteilung Lorenz); Seewiesen und Erling-Andechs, Federal Republic of Germany KURZFASSUNG: Verhalten als Tell 8kologischer Anpassung. In-situ-Untersuchungen im Korallenriff. Der Einflut~ des Lebensraumes als Evolutionsfaktor des Verhaltens l~it~t sich durch Artenvergleich erschliet~en.Verhaltensweisen sind Tell der/SkologischenAnpassung. Nicht verwandte Tiere, die in ~ihnlichenBiotopen leben, zeigen ott Verhaltenskonvergenzen; verwandte Tiere in unterschiedlichen Biotopen dagegen Verhaltensdivergenzen. Im Korallenriff wurden analoge und homologe Verhaltensweisen an den Funktionskreisen Nahrungserwerb (Plankton- fang bei Seeanemonen, kriechenden Kammquatlen, Schlangensternen und R6hrenaalen), Beute- fang und Feindvermeidung (bei einigen benthonischen Invertebraten) und Sozialverhatten (bei Korallenbarschen) untersucht. Auch Sozialstrukturen sind 6kologischeAnpassungen. Monogamie und Plakatfarben der im Rift besonders zahlreich vertretenen Schmettertingsfische werden als Fortpflanzungsisolationsme&anismen interpretiert. Sie erm6glichen das Nebeneinander vieler sympatrischer Arten. INTRODUCTION The environment as a selection factor, and thus one which influences an animal's behaviour, has recently reached importance in modern ethology. Behaviour patterns develop with time and are based on the same evolutionary mechanisms as anatomical structures (WIcKL~I~ -
Synchronized Broadcast Spawning by Six Invertebrates (Echinodermata and Mollusca) in the North-Western Red Sea
Research Collection Journal Article Synchronized broadcast spawning by six invertebrates (Echinodermata and Mollusca) in the north-western Red Sea Author(s): Webb, Alice E.; Engelen, Aschwin H.; Bouwmeester, Jessica; van Dijk, Inge; Geerken, Esmee; Lattaud, Julie; Engelen, Dario; de Bakker, Bernadette S.; de Bakker, Didier M. Publication Date: 2021 Permanent Link: https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000479154 Originally published in: Marine Biology 168(5), http://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-021-03871-6 Rights / License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International This page was generated automatically upon download from the ETH Zurich Research Collection. For more information please consult the Terms of use. ETH Library Marine Biology (2021) 168:56 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-021-03871-6 SHORT NOTES Synchronized broadcast spawning by six invertebrates (Echinodermata and Mollusca) in the north‑western Red Sea Alice E. Webb1 · Aschwin H. Engelen2 · Jessica Bouwmeester3,4 · Inge van Dijk5 · Esmee Geerken1 · Julie Lattaud6 · Dario Engelen1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 · Bernadette S. de Bakker7 · Didier M. de Bakker8 Received: 26 November 2020 / Accepted: 21 March 2021 © The Author(s) 2021 Abstract On the evenings of June 11 and 12, 2019, 5 and 6 days before full moon, broadcast spawning by four echinoderm species and two mollusc species was observed on the Marsa Shagra reef, Egypt (25° 14′ 44.2" N, 34° 47′ 49.0" E). Water temperature was 28 °C and the invertebrates were observed at 2–8 m depth. The sightings included a single basket star Astroboa nuda (Lyman 1874), 2 large Tectus dentatus (Forskal 1775) sea snails, 14 individuals of the Leiaster cf. -
Benthic Habitats and Biodiversity of Dampier and Montebello Marine
CSIRO OCEANS & ATMOSPHERE Benthic habitats and biodiversity of the Dampier and Montebello Australian Marine Parks Edited by: John Keesing, CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Research March 2019 ISBN 978-1-4863-1225-2 Print 978-1-4863-1226-9 On-line Contributors The following people contributed to this study. Affiliation is CSIRO unless otherwise stated. WAM = Western Australia Museum, MV = Museum of Victoria, DPIRD = Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development Study design and operational execution: John Keesing, Nick Mortimer, Stephen Newman (DPIRD), Roland Pitcher, Keith Sainsbury (SainsSolutions), Joanna Strzelecki, Corey Wakefield (DPIRD), John Wakeford (Fishing Untangled), Alan Williams Field work: Belinda Alvarez, Dion Boddington (DPIRD), Monika Bryce, Susan Cheers, Brett Chrisafulli (DPIRD), Frances Cooke, Frank Coman, Christopher Dowling (DPIRD), Gary Fry, Cristiano Giordani (Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia), Alastair Graham, Mark Green, Qingxi Han (Ningbo University, China), John Keesing, Peter Karuso (Macquarie University), Matt Lansdell, Maylene Loo, Hector Lozano‐Montes, Huabin Mao (Chinese Academy of Sciences), Margaret Miller, Nick Mortimer, James McLaughlin, Amy Nau, Kate Naughton (MV), Tracee Nguyen, Camilla Novaglio, John Pogonoski, Keith Sainsbury (SainsSolutions), Craig Skepper (DPIRD), Joanna Strzelecki, Tonya Van Der Velde, Alan Williams Taxonomy and contributions to Chapter 4: Belinda Alvarez, Sharon Appleyard, Monika Bryce, Alastair Graham, Qingxi Han (Ningbo University, China), Glad Hansen (WAM), -
Non-Destructive Morphological Observations of the Fleshy Brittle Star, Asteronyx Loveni Using Micro-Computed Tomography (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea, Euryalida)
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 663: 1–19 (2017) µCT description of Asteronyx loveni 1 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.663.11413 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Non-destructive morphological observations of the fleshy brittle star, Asteronyx loveni using micro-computed tomography (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea, Euryalida) Masanori Okanishi1, Toshihiko Fujita2, Yu Maekawa3, Takenori Sasaki3 1 Faculty of Science, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki, 310-8512 Japan 2 National Museum of Nature and Science, 4-1-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0005 Japan 3 University Museum, The Uni- versity of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan Corresponding author: Masanori Okanishi ([email protected]) Academic editor: Y. Samyn | Received 6 December 2016 | Accepted 23 February 2017 | Published 27 March 2017 http://zoobank.org/58DC6268-7129-4412-84C8-DCE3C68A7EC3 Citation: Okanishi M, Fujita T, Maekawa Y, Sasaki T (2017) Non-destructive morphological observations of the fleshy brittle star, Asteronyx loveni using micro-computed tomography (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea, Euryalida). ZooKeys 663: 1–19. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.663.11413 Abstract The first morphological observation of a euryalid brittle star,Asteronyx loveni, using non-destructive X- ray micro-computed tomography (µCT) was performed. The body of euryalids is covered by thick skin, and it is very difficult to observe the ossicles without dissolving the skin. Computed tomography with micrometer resolution (approximately 4.5–15.4 µm) was used to construct 3D images of skeletal ossicles and soft tissues in the ophiuroid’s body. Shape and positional arrangement of taxonomically important ossicles were clearly observed without any damage to the body. -
Benthic Field Guide 5.5.Indb
Field Identifi cation Guide to Heard Island and McDonald Islands Benthic Invertebrates Invertebrates Benthic Moore Islands Kirrily and McDonald and Hibberd Ty Island Heard to Guide cation Identifi Field Field Identifi cation Guide to Heard Island and McDonald Islands Benthic Invertebrates A guide for scientifi c observers aboard fi shing vessels Little is known about the deep sea benthic invertebrate diversity in the territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands (HIMI). In an initiative to help further our understanding, invertebrate surveys over the past seven years have now revealed more than 500 species, many of which are endemic. This is an essential reference guide to these species. Illustrated with hundreds of representative photographs, it includes brief narratives on the biology and ecology of the major taxonomic groups and characteristic features of common species. It is primarily aimed at scientifi c observers, and is intended to be used as both a training tool prior to deployment at-sea, and for use in making accurate identifi cations of invertebrate by catch when operating in the HIMI region. Many of the featured organisms are also found throughout the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean, the guide therefore having national appeal. Ty Hibberd and Kirrily Moore Australian Antarctic Division Fisheries Research and Development Corporation covers2.indd 113 11/8/09 2:55:44 PM Author: Hibberd, Ty. Title: Field identification guide to Heard Island and McDonald Islands benthic invertebrates : a guide for scientific observers aboard fishing vessels / Ty Hibberd, Kirrily Moore. Edition: 1st ed. ISBN: 9781876934156 (pbk.) Notes: Bibliography. Subjects: Benthic animals—Heard Island (Heard and McDonald Islands)--Identification. -
Ophiuroidea: Euryalida: Gorgonocephalidae) from Korea
ISSN 1226-9999 (print) ISSN 2287-7851 (online) Korean J. Environ. Biol. 33(2) : 205~208 (2015) http://dx.doi.org/10.11626/KJEB.2015.33.2.205 A Newly Recorded Basket Star of Genus Gorgonocephalus (Ophiuroidea: Euryalida: Gorgonocephalidae) from Korea Donghwan Kim and Sook Shin* Department of Life Science, Sahmyook University, Seoul 139-742, Korea Abstract - Some euryalid specimens were collected with fishing nets from Mipo, Gyungsangnam- do and Aewol, Jejudo Island, Korea. They were identified as Gorgonocephalus eucnemis (Müller & Troschel, 1842), belonging to family Gorgonocephalidae of order Euryalida, which was new to the Korean fauna. Their molecular analyses were done with newly intended COI primers of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene for the accurate molecular identification. The Korean G. eucnemis was coincident with this NCBI species as a result of Blast analysis, which showed the 99% similarity. In the current study, three Gorgonocephalus species have been report- ed from Korea. Key words: Gorgonocephalus eucnemis, basket star, morphology, molecular analysis, Korea INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS Family Gorgonocephalidae including 34 genera is the Basket stars were collected at a depth of 100~150 m deep largest one of three families belonging to order Euryalida by fishing nets from Mipo, Korea Strait and Aewol, Jejudo (Okanishi and Fujita 2013) and its four genera, Astroboa, Island, Korea on June 1983 and January 2013, respectively. Astrocladus, Astrodendrum and Gorgonocephalus, have been The specimens were preserved in 95% ethyl alcohol and reported in Korean fauna (Shin 2013). Almost all Gorgono- identified on the basis of morphological characteristics and cephalus species distribute exclusively in deep water and are molecular analyses. -
The Effect of Sublethal Predation on the Biology of Echinoderms
OCEANOLOGICA ACTA- VOL. 19- W 3-4 ~ -----~- Dis turban ce The effect of sublethal predation Predation Sublethal predation on the biology of echinoderms Echinoderms Perturbation Prédation Prédation sublétale Echinoderme John M. LA WREN CE a and Julio VASQUEZ b a Department of Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, U.S.A. b Departamento de Biologia Marina, Universidad Cat6lica del Norte, Coquimbo, Chile. Received 17/01/95, in revised form 08/01196, accepted 11101196. ABSTRACT In contrast to plants, predation on animais is usually lethal. Analysis of the effect of predation on animal populations and on predator-prey dynamics typically assumes this is the case. However, sublethal predation occurs in echinoderms, primarily on the arms of crinoids, asteroids, and ophiuroids. Sublethal predation is important in the se echinoderms as it meets one of Harris' ( 1989) major crite ria, affecting basic biological processes such as acquisition of food and allocation of nutrients to growth and reproduction. Sublethal predation would have an effect on their ecological role. It is essential to consider sublethal predation in the analysis of the life-histories of these species. RÉSUMÉ Les effets de la prédation sublétale sur la biologie des échino dermes. A l'inverse de la plante, l'animal subit une prédation qui lui est habituellement mortelle. Ceci est confirmé par la plupart des analyses de prédation au sein des populations animales et de la dynamique prédateur/proie. Cependant une préda tion sublétale c'est-à-dire sans effet fatal, existe chez les échinodermes, principa lement chez les crinoïdes, astéries et ophiures. Pour répondre à cette définition, ce genre de prédation doit répondre au critère de Harris ( 1989) c'est-à-dire influencer les processus de base tels que la croissance et la reproduction et varier en fonction de la densité de la population en cause. -
Ophiuroidea: Euryalida: Gorgonocephalidae) from the East Sea, Korea
Anim. Syst. Evol. Divers. Vol. 31, No. 4: 311-315, October 2015 http://dx.doi.org/10.5635/ASED.2015.31.4.311 Short communication A Newly Recorded Basket Star of Genus Gorgonocephalus (Ophiuroidea: Euryalida: Gorgonocephalidae) from the East Sea, Korea Donghwan Kim, Sook Shin* Department of Life Science, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Korea ABSTRACT Euryalid specimens were collected from Gonghyeonjin and Daejin, Gangwon-do in the East Sea, Korea at a depth of 250-300 m by fishing nets on November 2013 and August 2014. They were identified as Gorgonocephalus arcticus Leach, 1819 belonging to family Gorgonocephalidae of order Euryalida, which was new to the Korean fauna. Nucleotide sequences of partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (mt-COI) gene, which was 569 bp in length, were compared among four Gorgonocephalus species, and were subsequently employed to reconstruct phylogenetic trees using the MP, ML, and BI methods. As a result, no sequence difference was found between the G. arcticus mt-COI gene sequences from Korea and Canada, and the two made a strong monophyletic group. With the newly recorded G. arcticus in Korea, in total, four Gorgonocephalus species have been reported in Korea. Keywords: Gorgonocephalus arcticus, taxonomy, molecular phylogenetic analyses, mitochondrial COI gene INTRODUCTION gonocephalus species have been reported in Korea based on their morphology (Shin, 2013; Kim and Shin, 2015). Family Gorgonocephalidae, comprising 34 genera, is the Some basket stars were collected from Gonghyeonjin and largest of three families belonging to order Euryalida (Stöhr, Daejin, Gangwon-do in the East Sea, Korea at a depth of 2015), and its four genera (Astroboa, Astrocladus, Astroden 250-300 m by fishing nets on November 2013 and August drum, and Gorgonocephalus) have been reported in Korean 2014. -
New Or Notable Records of Brittle Stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from South Africa
New or notable records of brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from South Africa Jennifer M. Olbers Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife, Private Bag X3, Congella, Durban, 4052 South Africa E-mail: [email protected] Yves Samyn Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Rue Vautier 29, Brussels, Belgium E-mail: [email protected] & Charles L. Griffiths Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7700 South Africa E-mail: [email protected] (With 1 figure and 9 plates) Ophiuroid research in South Africa has not kept pace with global taxonomic research with the last major taxonomic review of the group being published in 1976. This paper documents all new records of Ophiuroidea from South Africa since (and including) 1977. These records originate from specimens housed in five zoological collections, from photographic records and from reports published in the non-taxonomic literature. A short review of the history of ophiuroid taxonomy in South Africa is also given and for each new record, key references, distribution, ecology, additional notes and, where possible, photographs, are presented. This has resulted in an additional 24 species being recorded within the mainland Exclusive Economic Zone of South Africa, elevating the total known number of ophiuroid species reported in the region to 137. Keywords: taxonomy, nomenclature, new record. CONTENTS Abstract· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · 83 Family Gorgonocephalidae · · · · · · 85 Family Ophiodermatidae Introduction · · · ·