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Diversity and Distribution of Associated Fauna of Commercial Scallop Grounds in the Lower Bay of Fundy

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Diversity and Distribution of Associated Fauna of Commercial Scallop Grounds in the Lower Bay of Fundy OFO _ lil;lrary 1 MPO - Bibliotheque I\ \\111 \\1\1\\ Ill \\1\111\\1\11\1\11\1\11\11\111\\1 08015558 Diversity and Distribution of Associated Fauna of Commercial Scallop Grounds in the Lower Bay of Fundy 1 1 S. Magee\ E. Kenchington , D. Roddick , D. Davis2 and M. Butler2 1Science Branch Maritimes Region Invertebrate Fisheries Division Department of Fisheries and Oceans Bedford Institute of Oceanography P.O. Box 1006. Dartmouth, Nova Scotia B2Y 4A2 and 2Ecology Action Center 1568 Argyle Street, Suite 31 Halifax, NS 1999 Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences No. 2285 I Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Technical reports contain scientific and technical information that contributes to existing knowledge but which is not normally appropriate for primary literature. Technical reports are directed primarily toward a worldwide audience and have an international distribution. No restriction is placed on subject matter and the series reflects the broad interests and policies of the Department of Fisheries and Oceans, namely, fisheries and aquatic sciences. Technical reports may be cited as full publications. The correct citation appears above the abstract of each report. Each report is abstracted in Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts and indexed in the Department's annual index to scientific and technical publications. Numbers 1-456 in this series were issued as Technical Reports of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. Numbers 457-714 were issued as Department of the Environment, Fisheries and Marine Service, Research and Development Directorate Technical Reports. Numbers 715-924 were issued as Department of Fisheries and the Environment, Fisheries and Marine Service Technical Reports. The current series name was changed with report number 925. Technical reports are produced regionally but are numbered nationally. Requests for individual reports will be filled by the issuing establishment listed on the front cover and title page. Out-of-stock reports will be supplied for a fee by commercial agents. Rapport technique canadien des sciences halieutiques et aquatiques Les rapports techniques contiennent des renseignements scientifiques et techni- ques qui constituent une contribution aux connaissances actuelles, mais qui ne sont pas normalement appropries pour la publication dans un journal scientifique. Les rapports techniques sont destines essentiellement a un public international et ils sont distribues a cet echelon. 11 n'y a aucune restriction quant au sujet; de fait, la serie reflete la vaste gamme des interets et des politiques du ministere des Peches et des Oceans, c'est-A-dire les sciences halieutiques et aquatiques. Les rapports techniques peuvent etre cites comme des publications completes. Le titre exact parait au-dessus du résumé de chaque rapport. Les rapports techniques sont résumés dans la revue Résumés des sciences aquatiques et halieutiques, et ils sont classes dans l'index annual des publications scientifiques et techniques du Ministere. Les numeros 1 a 456 de cette serie ont ete publies a titre de rapports techniques de ]'Office des recherches sur les pecheries du Canada. Les numeros 457 a 714 sont parus titre de rapports techniques de la Direction generale de la recherche et du developpe- ment, Service des peches et de la mer, ministere de l'Environnement. Les numeros 715 a 924 ont ete publies a titre de rapports techniques du Service des peches et de la mer, ministere des Peches et de l'Environnement. Le nom actuel de la serie a ete etabli lors de la parution du numero 925. Les rapports techniques sont produits a ]'echelon regional, mais numerotes ]'echelon national. Les demandes de rapports seront satisfaites par l'etablissement auteur dont le nom figure sur la couverture et la page du titre. Les rapports epuises seront fournis contre retribution par des agents commerciaux. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2285 1999 Diversity and Distribution of Associated Fauna of Commercial Scallop Grounds in the Lower Bay ofFundy by 1 S. Magee', E. Kenchington , D. Roddick', D. Davis2 and M. Butler 1Science Branch Maritimes Region Invertebrate Fisheries Division Department of Fisheries and Oceans Bedford Institute of Oceanography P.O. Box 1006 Dartmouth, Nova Scotia B2Y 4A2 Canada and 2Ecology Action Center 1568 Argyle Street, Suite 31 Halifax, NS ii Think Recycling! 1'\ ~. ., Pensez a recycler © Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada 1999 Cat. No. Fs. 97-6/2285E ISSN 0706-6457 Correct citation for this publication: Magee, S., E. Kenchington, D. Roddick, D. Davis and M. Butler. 1999. Diversity and Distribution of Associated Fauna of Commercial Scallop Grounds in the Lower Bay ofFundy. Can. Tech. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2285: iv + 79 p. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT . • . • . .. •. • .. • . • . • . •.. iv RESUME iv INTRODUCTION . .. .. ... .. .. ... ... .. .. •.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 METHODS . .. ... .. ... ... ... • .. .. ... •.. .. .. ... .. .. ..• .. ... .. 1 Phylum Porifera ............•...•...•..•.........•..•..•............~............. 2 Table 1 . .. .. • . • .. • . • . • . ... 2 Phylum Coelenterata . •. • •. ... .. •. • . • . 3 Table 2........ .. .. .. ... .. .. ... ... .. .. ... .. ... .. 4 Phylum Platyhelminthes . • . • . •. • . ... 4 Table 3 . • . • • . • . •. • . • . • . • . • . 5 Phylum Rhynchocoela . • . • . • • . .. 5 Table 4 . .. .. • . • . •. • . • . • . ... 5 Phylum Aschelminthes . • . .. • . .. 5 Table 5 . • . • . • . • . 6 Phylum Bryozoa . • . • . • . • . • . • •. • . 6 Table 6 . .. • . .. .•• .. ... •.. •.. • .. .. .. ... 6 Phylum Brachiopoda . .. .. • . 7 Table 7 . • •. .. •. • . • . • . 7 Phylum Mollusca . •. •. • . • . • . • . • . ... 7 Table 8 ..................................................................... 9 Phylum Annelida . • . • . • . ... 10 Tallie 9 ..................................................................... 11 Phylum Spiuncula . •. •. •. • . .. 11 Table 10 .•............ .... ... •... .. .. .•...... ......•... ... ... •... ..•....... 12 Phylum Arthropoda . • ... 12 Table 11 ............... ... ... .... ... .......... .. .... .... ... ......... ........ 13 Phylum Echinodermata . ...•...... .......... ...•.. •.. ... ..•.............•... ... 14 Table 12 . • . .. • . •. • . ... 15 Phylum Chordata . •. •. •. • . • . • . •.. 15 Table 13 •.• . •. .. .. ... •. .. .•. .. .. .. .. ... .. ••• . .. ... 16 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . .. .. .. .. • . .. .. .. .. • . ... 17 BIBLIOGRAPHY . •. • . .. 18 FIGURES .....................................•............•................................. 19 iv ABSTRACT Magee, S., E. Kenchington, D. Roddick, D. Davis and M. Butler. 1999. Diversity and Distribution of Associated Fauna of Commercial Scallop Grounds in the Lower Bay of Fundy. Can. Tech. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2285: iv + 79 p. The invertebrate and urochordate fauna associated with commercial scallop beds in the lower Bay of Fundy was examined through the by catch of scallop fishing drags. Bycatch of these species was observed during the 1997 Department of Fisheries and Oceans inshore scallop stock assessments of Scallop Production Areas 4 and 1 (off Digby, Nova Scotia), Area 3 (below Brier Island and near Yarmouth, Nova Scotia) and Area 6 (Grand Manan, New Brunswick). A total of234 tows were made and 261 species observed including representatives from 13 phyla. Field identification was only possible for 83 taxa, and their distribution was mapped using the tow location data derived from the ship's dGPS. The associated fauna are listed according to phylum. A brief overview of the characteristics of the phyla are also provided. RESUME Magee, S., E. Kenchington, D. Roddick, D. Davis and M. Butler. 1999. Diversity and Distribution of Associated Fauna of Commercial Scallop Grounds in the Lower Bay of Fundy. Can. Tech. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 2285: iv + 79 p. Nous avons examine la faune d'invertebres et d'urochordes associee aux gisements commerciaux de petoncles dans la partie inferieure de la baie de Fundy en etudiant les prises accessoires des dragues a petoncles. Les prises accessoires ont ete observees pendant les evaluations des stocks de petoncles effectuees en 1997 par le ministere des Peches et des Oceans dans les zones de production de petoncles 4 et 1 (devant Digby, Nouvelle-Ecosse), dans la zone 3 (au sud de l'lle Brier et pres de Yarmouth, Nouvelle-Ecosse) et dans la zone 6 (Grand Manan, Nouveau-Brunswick). Au total, 234 traits ont ete effectues, et 261 especes, representant 13 phylums, ont ete observees. L'identification sur le terrain a ete possible pour 83 taxons seulement, et nous avons cartographie leur distribution a l'aide des donnees sur la localisation des traits tirees du systeme dGPS du bateau. La faune associee a ete classee par phylum. Nous presentons aussi un bref survol des caracteristiques des phylums. 1 INTRODUCTION Until the 1960's and 1970's when Caddy (1970, 1984) began cataloging fauna on local fishing grounds, few studies had been conducted in the lower Bay of Fundy on invertebrate bycatch associated with scallop fishing. Caddy (1970) also provided one of the first comprehensive lists of marine fauna in the lower Bay of Fundy. In 1997 researchers re-visited Caddy's study area near Digby, Nova Scotia, as well as other parts of the Bay of Fundy, and surveyed the associated fauna of the commercial scallop grounds (Fuller et al., 1998). This not only allowed an opportunity to look at benthic fauna diversity changes over time in heavily fished areas but also an opportunity to
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