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Litoral Norte Da Bahia José Marcos de Castro Nunes Litoral Norte A obra Litoral Norte da Bahia: caracterização é graduado em Ciências Biológicas pela ambiental, biodiversidade e conservação, Universidade Federal da Bahia (1985), mestre em organizada pelos professores José Marcos Ciências Biológicas (Botânica) pela Universidade Nunes e Mara Rojane de Matos, reúne dados em de São Paulo (1999), doutor em Ciências (Botânica) qualidade e quantidade abordando aspectos pela Universidade de São Paulo (2005). Professor referentes à flora e fauna dos diferentes da Universidade Federal da Bahia desde 1993. ecossistemas encontrados no litoral norte baiano, Professor da Universidade do Estado da Bahia que integra o Território ‘Litoral Norte e Agreste (1990-2013). Curador Sênior de Criptógamos Baiano’, um dos 27 Territórios de Identidade do Herbário Alexandre Leal Costa (ALCB). em que o estado é dividido, tendo por base os Coordenador do Laboratório de Algas Marinhas aspectos ambientais, econômicos, sociais e - LAMAR/UFBA. Conselheiro Titular do Conselho culturais de cada região. Regional de Biologia (CRBio 8). Experiência na A seção 1 traz a caracterização ambiental da área de Botânica, com ênfase em Taxonomia e JOSÉ MARCOS DE CASTRO NUNES / MARA ROJANE BARROS DE MATOS região, enfocando aspectos de geomorfologia (Organizadores) Ecologia de algas marinhas. Desenvolve projetos dos ambientes costeiros e marinhos, de da Bahia em monitoramento de ambiente marinho, fitogeografia, de hidroquímica e sazonalidade utilizando fitobentos como indicador da qualidade do plâncton. A flora da zona terrestre e marinha ambiental. Atualmente, além de estudos merece capítulos que tratam das macroalgas taxonômicos dedica-se ao estudo da estrutura Litoral Norte bentônicas, da diversidade de briófitas e dos ecológica, biologia molecular de macroalgas estudos florísticos e fisionômicos das restingas marinhas e bancos de rodolitos. Professor e de florestas. É avaliado o potencial econômico credenciado nos Programas de Pós-Graduação: de diferentes espécies quanto à produção de Ecologia e Biomonitoramento (Universidade da Bahia mel e própolis, a partir de análises de florística Federal da Bahia), Botânica (Universidade e palinologia. Estudos de anatomia de madeira Estadual de Feira de Santana) e Biodiversidade CARACTERIZAÇÃO AMBIENTAL, destacam espécies indicadas para produção de Vegetal (Universidade do Estado da Bahia - BIODIVERSIDADE E CONSERVAÇÃO papel e para produção de energia, enfatizando colaborador. a importância econômica de espécies arbóres ocorrentes nas dunas e restingas, além de Mara Rojane Barros de Matos permitir selecionar espécies em programas de BIODIVERSIDADE E CONSERVAÇÃO BIODIVERSIDADE AMBIENTAL, CARACTERIZAÇÃO é graduada em Ciências Biológicas pela reflorestamento de áreas degradadas. Universidade Federal da Bahia (1986), mestre A seção 2 é dedicada ao estudo da fauna, em Ecologia pela Universidade de Brasília (1994), incluindo estudos sobre a diversidade das doutora em Botânica pela Universidade Estadual esponjas à de peixes, sobre a importância da de Feira de Santana (2007). Professor Adjunto região como área de desova de tartarugas, da Universidade do Estado da Bahia desde 1988. o inventário das espécies de anfíbios e a Professor da Universidade Estadual de Feira de composição da avifauna. Por fim, são feitas Santana (UEFS) (1988-1990). Experiência na área considerações sobre a biodiversidade do litoral de Ecologia, com ênfase em Ecologia Aplicada, norte e recomendações para a conservação da atuando principalmente nos seguintes temas: região, que apresenta problemas referentes à Ecologia da paisagem, fungos micorrízicos ocupação do solo, falta de saneamento básico, arbusculares, fenologia de espécies nativas. Tem pecuária e agricultura indiscriminada, pesca concentrado suas pesquisas e publicado na área predatória e degradação dos manguezais, de ecologia de espécies florestais tropicais e exploração inadequada dos recifes de corais e ecologia da paisagem. turismo predatório nos distritos litorâneos. Dr. Evandro José Lima Rego (Universidade do Estado da Bahia) Litoral Norte da Bahia CARACTERIZAÇÃO AMBIENTAL, BIODIVERSIDADE E CONSERVAÇÃO Universidade Federal da Bahia REITOR João Carlos Salles Pires da Silva VICE-REITOR Paulo Cesar Miguez de Oliveira ASSESSOR DO REITOR Paulo Costa Lima Editora da Universidade Federal da Bahia DIRETORA Flávia Goulart Mota Garcia Rosa CONSELHO EDITORIAL Alberto Brum Novaes Angelo Szaniecki Perret Serpa Caiuby Alves da Costa Charbel Ninõ El-Hani Cleise Furtado Mendes Evelina de Carvalho Sá Hoisel José Teixeira Cavalcante Filho Maria do Carmo Soares de Freitas Maria Vidal de Negreiros Camargo JOSÉ MARCOS DE CASTRO NUNES MARA ROJANE BARROS DE MATOS Organizadores Litoral Norte da Bahia CARACTERIZAÇÃO AMBIENTAL, BIODIVERSIDADE E CONSERVAÇÃO Salvador EDUFBA 2017 2017, Autores. Direitos para esta edição cedidos à EDUFBA. Feito o depósito legal. Grafia atualizada conforme o Acordo Ortográfico da Língua Portuguesa de 1990, em vigor no Brasil desde 2009. CAPA, PROJETO GRÁFICO E EDITORAÇÃO Gabriel Cayres / Rodrigo Oyarzábal Schlabitz REVISÃO E NORMALIZAÇÃO Flávia Rosa / Susane Barros Sistema de Bibliotecas - UFBA Litoral norte da Bahia: caracterização ambiental, biodiversidade e conservação / José Marcos de Castro Nunes, Mara Rojane Barros de Matos, Organizadores; prefácio, Eduardo Mendes. - Salvador: EDUFBA, 2017. 455 p.: il. ISBN 978-85-232-1456-2 1. Meio ambiente - Bahia. 2. Biodiversidade - Bahia. I. Nunes, José Marcos de Castro. II. Matos, Mara Rojane Barros de. III. Mendes, Eduardo. CDD - 577.7098142 Apoio Instituto de Biologia da UFBA Editora filiada a EDUFBA Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, s/n, Campus de Ondina, 40170-115, Salvador-BA, Brasil Tel/fax: (71) 3283-6164 www.edufba.ufba.br | [email protected] Agradecimentos Agradecemos a colaboração e sugestões preciosas dos Campinas - UNICAMP), Dr(a). Milagros pesquisadores: Dr. Adrian Garda (Universidade Federal Lopez Mendilaharsu (Projeto TAMAR/ do Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN), Dra. Adriana Magalhães Fundação Pró-TAMAR), Dra. Nádia Lucio (Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Roque (Universidade do Estado da Bahia da Bahia - IFBA), MsC. Aigara Miranda Alves (Universidade - UFBA), Dra. Nívea Dias dos Santos Estadual de Feira de Santana - UEFS), Dra. Bárbara Rosemar (Universidade Rural do Rio de Janeiro Nascimento de Araújo (União Metropolitana de Educação - UFRRJ), Dr. Oberdan José Pereira e Cultura - UNIME), Dr. Cláudio S. Lisi (Universidade Federal (Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo de Sergipe - UFS), Dr. Eduardo Leal Esteves (Universidade - UFES), Dra. Orane Falcão de Souza do Estado do Rio de janeiro - UERJ), Dra. Emília de Brito Alves (Universidade do Estado da Bahia Valente (Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana - UEFS), - UFBA), Dr. Ricardo Piazza Meireles Dr. Emílio Lanna (Universidade do Federal da Bahia - UFBA), (Universidade de São Paulo - USP), Dr. Dr. Erivaldo Pereira Queiroz (Jardim Botânico de Salvador, Rudi Ricardo Laps (Universidade Federal Prefeitura Municipal de Salvador), Dr. Evandro José Lima de Mato Grosso do Sul - UFMS), Dra. Rego (Universidade do Estado da Bahia- UNEB), Dr. Fernando Sigrid Newmann Leitão (Universidade Antônio do Nascimento Feitosa (Universidade Federal de Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE), Pernambuco - UFPE), Dr. Francisco de Assis Ribeiro dos Dra. Simone Moraes (Universidade Santos (Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana - UEFS), Federal da Bahia - UFBA), Dra. Soraia Dr. Francisco Plácido Magalhães Oliveira (Universidade Bauermann (Universidade Luterana do Federal do Pará - UFPA), Dr. Gustave Lopez (Projeto TAMAR/ Brasil - ULBRA), Dra. Tereza Cristina dos Fundação Pró-TAMAR), Dra. Hortênsia Pousada Bautista Santos Calado (Universidade Federal de (Universidade do Estado da Bahia - UNEB), Dra. Iracema Alagoas - UFAL), Dr. Ulisses Caramaschi Reimão Silva (Universidade do Federal da Bahia- UFBA), Dr. (Universidade Federal do Rio de ja- José Roberto Feitosa Silva (Universidade Federal do Ceará neiro - UFRJ), Dr. Walter Ramos Pinto - UFC), MsC. Leandro Manzoni Vieira (Universidade de São Cerqueira (Universidade Estadual de Paulo), Dr. Marcos Rodrigues (Universidade Federal de Minas Feira de Santana - UEFS), Profa. Dra. Gerais - UFMG), Dra. Mariana de S. Carvalho (Universidade Vera Lucia Costa Vale e Prof. Lisovaldo Federal do Rio de janeiro- UFRJ)/ Museu Nacional), Dra. Nascimento da Paixão (Universidade Mariana G. Bender (Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina do Estado da Bahia - UNEB). - UFSC), Dra. Michela Borges (Universidade Estadual de O que sabemos é uma gota e o que ignoramos é um oceano. ISAAC NEWTON Sumário 11 PREFÁCIO Eduardo Mendes SEÇÃO 1 – CARACTERIZAÇÃO E ASPECTOS AMBIENTAIS 15 A zona costeira e marinha Augusto Minervino Netto 29 Caracterização hidroquímica e sua influência sobre o plâncton Paulo Mafalda Júnior, Christiane Sampaio de Souza, Oberdan Caldas de Oliveira, Aline Nogueira Ferreira, Nilson Roque dos Santos, Marvin de Oliveira Mafalda 61 Fitogeografia Mara Rojane Barros de Matos, Erivaldo Pereira Queiroz, Hortensia Pousada Bautista SEÇÃO 2 - FLORA 93 Macroalgas marinhas bentônicas José Marcos de Castro Nunes, Taiara Aguiar Caires, Iara Oliveira Costa 117 Diversidade florística e espectro ecológico das briófitas Cid José Passos Bastos, Silvana Brito Vilas Bôas-Bastos 129 Flora fanerogâmica das restingas Erivaldo Pereira Queiroz, Hortensia Pousada Bautista, Mara Rojane Barros de Matos 157 Diversidade florística de dois remanescentes de Floresta Ombrófila Densa Nilson Gonçalves de Jesus (in memoriam), Gracineide Selma
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