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STAG2022 Stratigrafi Malaysia Stratigrafi Semenanjung Malaysia Geologi Kedah Utara - Perlis Stratigrafi Nama unit Usia Alluvium Resen-Pleistosen Lapisan Arang Bukit Arang Tertiar (?Miosen) Lapisan Saiong Jura-Kapur ? Formasi Chuping (Formasi Kodiang) Perm Tengah – Trias Awal Formasi Semanggol Formasi Kubang Pasu Devon, Karbon & Perm Awal (mungkin sampai Trias di Kedah Utara) Formasi Setul Ordovisi-Devon Awal Formasi Machinchang Kambrias Akhir FORMASI SETUL Pengenalan Formasi Setul merupakan formasi batuan karbonat yang tertua di Semenanjung Malaysia. Formasi batuan yang berusia Ordovisi hingga Devoni Awal ni terdiri daripada batu kapur tidak tulen yang bercampur dengan lumpur dalam amaun yang agak tinggi, batu kapur berdolomit dan dua ahli gersik yang terdiri daripada perlapisan syal, batu lumpur kaya silika, batu lodak dan sedikit rijang. Pemendapan sedimen telah berlaku di dalam sekitaran pelantar laut cetek di dalam keadaan iklim yang lebih dingin daripada sekarang yang ditunjukkan oleh kehadiran fosil-fosil yang mirip kepada fauna beriklim sedemikian. FORMASI KUBANG PASU Pengenalan Formasi Kubang Pasu tersingkap di kawasan Kedah, dan terdiri daripada selang lapis batuan syal, batu lodak dan juga batu pasir. Selain itu terdapat juga sedikit lapisan rijang yang berpelapisan nipis, terutamanya di bahagian bawah jujukan. Bahagian atas jujukan formasi ini terdapat suatu fasies perantaraan yang terdiri daripada lapisan klastik dan lapisan berkapur (termasuk batu kapur nipis). Formasi Kubang Pasu adalah setara dengan Formasi Singa yang tersingkap di Kepulauan Langkawi. Perlapisan batu pasir yang dominan dan terdiri daripada batu pasir kuarza dan batu pasir kaya feldsfar yang terdapat dalam Formasi Kubang Pasu merupakan perbezaan yang agak nyata antara Formasi Kubang Pasu dengan Formasi Singa. FORMASI KUBANG PASU Taburan FORMASI KUBANG PASU Litologi Formasi Kubang Pasu terdiri daripada syal, batu lodak dan batu pasir. Terdapat juga sedikit lapisan nipis rijang. Batuan arenit kebanyakannya mempunyai isihan buruk seperti batuan grewak dan juga boleh terdiri daripada arkos dan sub-arkos (Yap, 1991). Batuan berargilit terdiri daripada syal yang mempunyai pelbagai warna, daripada kelabu gelap, kelabu, kemerahan hingga keperangan. Laminasi dalam syal adalah jelas. Selain syal, terdapat juga batu lodak. Di bahagian timur laut Perlis, Yap (1991) membahagikan jujukan Formasi Kubang Pasu kepada tiga fasies; 3 - Fasies perantaraan (“passage beds”) 2 - Fasies batu pasir dominan 1 - Fasies batuan argilit FORMASI KUBANG PASU Stratigrafi Formasi Kubang Pasu menindih batuan Formasi Setul di Perlis, dan menindih Formasi Mahang di bahagian selatan (Kedah). Formasi Kubang Pasu menindih Formasi Setul secara selaras (Zaiton & Basir, 1999). Sempadan bawah Formasi Kubang Pasu ini boleh dijumpai di Gunung Utan Aji, dan juga di Wang Tangga, Perlis. Jones (1981) juga mencadangkan sempadan tidak selaras antara Formasi Setul dan Formasi Kubang Pasu. Formasi Kubang Pasu menindih Formasi Mahang secara selaras (Hutchison, 1989). Hubungan antara Formasi Mahang dan Formasi Kubang Pasu ini boleh diperhatikan di Bukit Jabi, Bukit Kerangan, Ladang Cheong Chong Kaw dan Kampong Panchor. Kedua-dua formasi ini dipisahkan oleh sesar sungkup sehinggakan dapat dicerap jujukan batuan Formasi Mahang menindih Formasi Kubang Pasu (Zaiton & Basir (1999). FORMASI KUBANG PASU Stratigrafi FORMASI KUBANG PASU Stratigrafi Di Perlis, Formasi Kubang Pasu ditindih secara selaras oleh Batu Kapur Chuping yang terdiri daripada jujukan batuan karbonat, manakala di Kedah pula Formasi Kubang Pasu ditindih secara selaras oleh Formasi Semanggol (Basir Jasin, 1999). FORMASI KUBANG PASU Usia Bahagian dasar atau bawah jujukan batuan Formasi Kubang Pasu di Gunung Utan Aji terdiri daripada batu lumpur kelabu dan kemerahan, batu di dalamnya mengandungi fosil Posidonia perlisensis dan tribobit Cyrtosymbole yang mencadangkan usia Devon atas atau Awal Karbon. Kekanta rijang yang terdapat di bahagian tengah Perlis mengandungi fusulina konnoi yang berusia Moscovian (Karbon Tengah) (Scrivenor, 1926). Basir Jasin (1995) menemui fosil radiolaria dalam lapisan rijang di Bukit Beringin dan Bukit Telaga Jatoh berhampiran pekan Pokok Sena. Lapisan rijang ini terletak di bahagian bawah jujukan Formasi Kubang Pasu, iaitu terletak di atas lapisan syal yang kaya dengan Posidonia. Fosil radiolari Entactinia variospina dan Callella sp. mencadangkan usia Karbon Awal untuk Formasi Kubang Pasu. Bahagian atas jujukan formasi ini terdiri daripada lapisan perantaraan (“passage beds”) yang terdiri daripada perlapisan nipis batu kapur dan batuan klastik. Dalam lapisan perantaraan ini terdapat banyak fosil fusulinid, karang, brakiopod dan briozoa. Fosil brachiopoda Cancrinella sp. dan Micraphella sp., bivalvia Schizodus sp. dan Eoschizodus sp., briozoa Fistulipora sp. dan Fenestella sp. Serta fosil mikri seperti Monodiexodina sp. dan Lunucammina sp. Yang ditemui dalam fasies perantaraan (“passage beds”) mencadangkan usia atas untuk Formasi Kubang Pasu ialah akhir Perm Awal (Arkinskian) (Yap, 1991). FORMASI KUBANG PASU Sekitaran endapan Formasi Kubang Pasu yang terdapat di Perlis telah terbentuk atau terendap di sekitaran lautan. Fasies batuan argilit yang terdiri daripada selang lapis batu lodak dominan dengan batu lumpur, serta sedikit batu pasir ditafsirkan diendapkan dalam pelantar benua bahagian luar berhampiran dengan cerun benua. Lapisan rijang banyak terdapat di bahagian bawah jujukan Formasi Kubang Pasu ini, dan menurut Basir Jasin (1999), rijang ini terbentuk atau terendap di sekitaran tepian benua (continental margin). Kemudian, fasies kedua, iaitu batu pasir dominan, berlapis dengan syal serta lodak ditafsirkan terendap di sekitaran pelantar benua bahagian dalam berhampiran zon neritik, yang secara relatifnya lebih cetek berbanding fasies pertama tadi. Fasies atau lapisan perantaraan (passage beds) pula ditafsirkan mewakili pengendapan yang berlaku di kawasan lebih cetek, iaitu di antara zon pasang-surut dengan zon neritik. Turun naik kadar pemendapan sedimen detrital ini menyebabkan terbentuknya fasies perantaraan, dan apabila tiada lagi sedimen detrital, maka terbentuklah batu kapur Formasi Chuping. Secara keseluruhannya, proses maraan atau regresi yang berlaku semasa pengendapan Formasi Kubang Pasu menyebabkan terbentuknya jujukan mengkasar dan mencetek ke atas. FORMASI SEMANGGOL Pengenalan Nama Formasi Semanggol digunakan sempena dengan nama Gunung Semanggol yang terdapat di kawaasan Taiping, Perak. Nama ini mula digunakan sejak 1959 oleh Alexander, dan Burton (1965) mengkorelasikan jujukan di kawasan Gunung Semanggol ini dengan jujukan yang terdapat di selatan dan tengah Kedah. Lokaliti tip untuk formasi ini tidak diberikan dengan jelas, tetapi Burton (1973) mencadangkan lokaliti tip ini di Bukit Merah, yang terletak di utara Gunung Semanggol. FORMASI SEMANGGOL Taburan Formasi Semanggol pada mulanya diperkenalkan untuk batuan klastik yang berusia Trias Tengah-Akhir, yang terdapat di kawasan barat laut Semenanjung Malaysia. Formasi Semanggol tersebar di tiga kawasan utama, iaitu; - kawasan utara Perak, di sekitar Gunung Semanggol, dimana Formasi Semanggol ini mula diperkenalkan - kawasan selatan Kedah, di sekitar Kuala Ketil – Tawar - kawasan utara-tengah Kedah iaitu di kawasan Kuala Nerang hingga Pedu. Taburan Sesar dipercayai telah menyebabkan batuan lembangan pengendapan Semanggol menjadi tiga bahagian. FORMASI SEMANGGOL Litologi Formasi Semanggol terdiri daripada jujukan batuan klastik yang berusia Trias semasa ianya mula diperkenalkan. Jujukan yang seusia dengannya tetapi terdiri daripada batuan karbonat dikenali sebagai Batu Kapur Kodiang. Batuan utama yang terdapat dalam Formasi Semanggol boleh dibahagikan kepada tiga unit atau fasies; -Fasies rijang - yang terdiri daripada batuan rijang berlapis. Di antara lapisan rijang ini, terdapat lapisan nipis beberapa mm batuan syal. -Fasies berirama yang merupakan selang lapis antara lapisan batu pasir, batu lodak dan syal. Dalam fasies ini terdapat juga lapisan konglomerat. -Fasies konglomerat yang terdiri daripada batu konglomerat yang dominan, berlapis dengan lapisan batu pasir serta syal. Sejak akhir-akhir ini, ditemui unit atau fasies batu kapur dalam jujukan Formasi Semanggol. FORMASI SEMANGGOL FORMASI SEMANGGOL FORMASI SEMANGGOL FORMASI SEMANGGOL FORMASI SEMANGGOL Usia Formasi Semanggol mengandungi banyak fosil. Kebanyakan fosil ditemui dalam fasies berirama, dan juga rijang. Pada peringkat awal (tahun-tahun 1970 dan 1980’an), fosil yang ditemui menunjukan usia Trias Tengah-Akhir. Antara fosil yang banyak ditemui ialah daripada jenis Halobia, Posidonia, Daonella serta ammonid. Kesemua fosil ini mencadangkan usia Trias Tengah-Akhir. Sekarang ini, dalam batuan rijang ditemui banyak fosil radiolaria. Selain daripada radiolaria Trias, dilaporkan juga terdapat fosil radiolaria yang berusia Perm. Jadi sekarang ini, usia Formasi Semanggol bermula daripada Perm hingga Trias Akhir, iaitu setara dengan usia Formasi Chuping. FORMASI SEMANGGOL Stratigrafi FORMASI SEMANGGOL Sekitaran endapan Pengendapan berlaku di bawah pengaruh graviti, antaranya dengan cara aliran debris dan aliran turbidit. Aliran graviti ini menyebabkan terbentuknya sedimen atau fasies yang mempunyai asingan buruk, dan lapisan yang menunjukkan lapisan bergred (jujukan Bouma). Fasies sebegini selalunya terbentuk di sekitaran yang bercerun, biasanya di kipas laut dalam. Fasies rijang yang mengandungi radiolaria jelas mencadangkan pengendapan berlaku di sekitaran laut dalam. Fosil yang ditemui
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  • Executive Summary

    Executive Summary

    EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Second Schedule Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the Proposed Green Technology Paper Plant Development on part of PT 668, Pekan Bukit Selambau, District of Kuala Muda, Kedah Darul Aman. INTRODUCTION TO THE PROPOSED PROJECT LAND OWNER & PROJECT PROPONENT / STRATEGIC PARTNER INITIATOR GENTING EHSAN (SP) SDN. BHD. YUHUA PAPER INDUSTRY SDN. BHD. Lot 210 & 211 Fasa II, Lot 210 & 211 Fasa II, Kuala Ketil Industrial Area, Kuala Ketil Industrial Area, 09300 Kuala Ketil, 09300 Kuala Ketil, Kedah Darul Aman. Kedah Darul Aman. Tel.: 012-433 5787; Fax: 04-416 0224 Tel.: 012-297 9233; Fax: 04-416 5781 Attn.: Mr. Wilson Lam Yee Haur Attn.: Mr. Wan Congen PROJECT HISTORY ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANT • The Project Site was one of the Kedah State EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. Project (i.e., Taman Industri Perabot Bukit BHD. Selambau) and has been previously cleared for No. 63A-2 & 65-2, Petaling Utama Avenue, industrial lot development. Jalan PJS1/50, Taman Petaling Utama, • There are three (3) woods flooring factories 46150 Petaling Jaya, Selangor Darul Ehsan have been built within the Project Site and have Attn. : Ms. Geetha P. Kumaran (CEP - CS0033) obtained planning approval (Kebenaran (EIA Study Team Leader) Merancang) from Majlis Perbandaran Sungai Petani, Kedah on 20 May 2020 with approval reference: MPSPK(BS)R-20/2019 – 102430 (33). • Overall Project Site of Lot 668 CURRENT CONDITION = 51.6 acres (20.88 hectares) • EIA study area Phase 1-Phase 3 • The project site is a disturbed land and = 47.84 acres (19.36 hectares) exclude currently overgrown with shrubs and grass. Block A wood flooring factory.
  • Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya Malaysia Negeri : Kedah

    Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya Malaysia Negeri : Kedah

    SURUHANJAYA PILIHAN RAYA MALAYSIA SENARAI BILANGAN PEMILIH MENGIKUT DAERAH MENGUNDI SEBELUM PERSEMPADANAN 2016 NEGERI : KEDAH SENARAI BILANGAN PEMILIH MENGIKUT DAERAH MENGUNDI SEBELUM PERSEMPADANAN 2016 NEGERI : KEDAH BAHAGIAN PILIHAN RAYA PERSEKUTUAN : LANGKAWI BAHAGIAN PILIHAN RAYA NEGERI : AYER HANGAT KOD BAHAGIAN PILIHAN RAYA NEGERI : 004/01 SENARAI DAERAH MENGUNDI DAERAH MENGUNDI BILANGAN PEMILIH 004/01/01 KUALA TERIANG 1,370 004/01/02 EWA 1,416 004/01/03 PADANG LALANG 2,814 004/01/04 KILIM 1,015 004/01/05 LADANG SUNGAI RAYA 1,560 004/01/06 WANG TOK RENDONG 733 004/01/07 BENDANG BARU 1,036 004/01/08 ULU MELAKA 1,642 004/01/09 NYIOR CHABANG 1,436 004/01/10 PADANG KANDANG 1,869 004/01/11 PADANG MATSIRAT 621 004/01/12 KAMPUNG ATAS 1,205 004/01/13 BUKIT KEMBOJA 2,033 004/01/14 MAKAM MAHSURI 1,178 JUMLAH PEMILIH 19,928 SENARAI BILANGAN PEMILIH MENGIKUT DAERAH MENGUNDI SEBELUM PERSEMPADANAN 2016 NEGERI : KEDAH BAHAGIAN PILIHAN RAYA PERSEKUTUAN : LANGKAWI BAHAGIAN PILIHAN RAYA NEGERI : KUAH KOD BAHAGIAN PILIHAN RAYA NEGERI : 004/02 SENARAI DAERAH MENGUNDI DAERAH MENGUNDI BILANGAN PEMILIH 004/02/01 KAMPUNG GELAM 1,024 004/02/02 KEDAWANG 1,146 004/02/03 PANTAI CHENANG 1,399 004/02/04 TEMONYONG 1,078 004/02/05 KAMPUNG BAYAS 1,077 004/02/06 SUNGAI MENGHULU 2,180 004/02/07 KELIBANG 2,042 004/02/08 DUNDONG 1,770 004/02/09 PULAU DAYANG BUNTING 358 004/02/10 LUBOK CHEMPEDAK 434 004/02/11 KAMPUNG TUBA 1,013 004/02/12 KUAH 2,583 004/02/13 KAMPUNG BUKIT MALUT 1,613 JUMLAH PEMILIH 17,717 SENARAI BILANGAN PEMILIH MENGIKUT DAERAH MENGUNDI SEBELUM PERSEMPADANAN
  • For the Screening Complexity in the Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM) Nurul Nadrah Aqilah Tukimat1, Sobri Harun2 Dept

    For the Screening Complexity in the Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM) Nurul Nadrah Aqilah Tukimat1, Sobri Harun2 Dept

    ISSN: 2319-5967 ISO 9001:2008 Certified International Journal of Engineering Science and Innovative Technology (IJESIT) Volume 2, Issue 6, November 2013 Multi-Correlation Matrix (M-CM) for the Screening Complexity in the Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM) Nurul Nadrah Aqilah Tukimat1, Sobri Harun2 Dept. of Hydraulics and Hydrology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Skudai, Malaysia Abstract— The statistical downscaling model (SDSM) has been applied for the projection of future climate pattern in Kedah, Malaysia. But it is quite difficult to make a correct decision on the potential correlation between multi-site predict ands and multi-predictors during the screening process based on the SDSM tool, because of its limited ability. In this regard, the M-CM analysis has been used to determine the correlation between 26 predictors and 20 predictand (rainfall station) in a single running. The concept of M-CM is sufficient to show the capability and reliability of the predictors based on the correlation value that can be explained in the dependent variable using the independent variable. The potential of predictor selection based on this method has been tested using MAE, MSE, and StD results. Results revealed the simulated value produced by these predictors set was closer to the observed value except at stn.IBT, KT, SL, SIK, SG and Kg.LS. It was consistent to the discrepancies (MAE and MSE) and StD results that showed bigger error compared to others rainfall stations. However, the error is still can be acceptable because produced less than 10% of discrepancies. Therefore, the future climate trend at this region was generated using constant predictors provided by HadCM3 under A2 scenarios.
  • Visitors' Directory 2020

    Visitors' Directory 2020

    KEDAH Visitors’ Directory 2020 Wealth of Paddy & Tranquility KEDAH Visitors’ Directory 2020 KEDAH Visitors’ Directory 2020 KEDAH 2 Where you’ll find more than meets the mind... SEKAPUR SIREH JUNJUNG 4 Chief Minister of Kedah SEKAPUR SIREH KEDAH Kedah State Secretary State Executive Councilor Where you’ll find Champion, Tourism Productivity Nexus ABOUT TOURISM PRODUCTIVITY NEXUS (TPN) 12 more than meets the mind... WELCOME TO PENDANG 14 Map of Pendang PENDANG ATTRACTIONS 16 Bazaar Melayu Kemboja Pendang Pendang Lake Pendang Waterfront Sungai Rambai Forest Reserve Bendang Bukit Raya (Sunset View) Bukit Perak Recreational Forest Jelapang Padi Pondok Hampar Telaga Gajah (Elephant Well) Wat Siam Chindaram / Wat Thanara Tobiar Gold Mango Farm KEDAH CUISINE AND A CUPPA 22 Food Trails 25 COMPANY LISTINGS 26 ACCOMMODATION ESSENTIAL INFORMATION 28 Location & Transportation Getting Around Getting to Langkawi Useful Contact Numbers Tips for Visitors Essential Malay Phrases You’ll Need in Malaysia Making Your Stay Nice - Local Etiquette and Advice Malaysia at a Glance CONTENTS 38 KEDAH CALENDAR OF EVENTS 2020 No place in the world has a combination of This is Kedah, the oldest existing kingdom in 40 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT these features: a tranquil tropical paradise Southeast Asia. EMERGENCIES laced with idyllic islands and beaches framed 42 by mystical hills and mountains, filled with Now Kedah invites the world to discover all 43 MPC OFFICES natural and cultural wonders amidst vibrant her treasures from unique flora and fauna to cities or villages of verdant paddy fields, delicious dishes, from diverse experiences all cradled in a civilisation based on proven in local markets and museums to the history with archaeological site evidence coolest waterfalls and even crazy outdoor going back three millennia in an ancient adventures.