DOCSLIB.ORG

U.S. Department of Energy Human Genome 1991-92 Program Report

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
U.S. Department of Energy Human Genome 1991-92 Program Report Please address queries on this publication to: Human Genome Program U.S. Department of Energy Office of Health and Environmental Research ER-72 GTN Washington, DC 20585 301/903-6488, Fax: 301/903-5051 Internet: "drell@ mailgw.er.doe.gov" Human Genome Management Information System Oak Ridge National Laboratory P.O. Box 2008 Oak Ridge, TN 37831 -6050 615/576-6669, Fax: 615/574-9888 BITNET: "bkq@ornlstc" Internet: "[email protected]" This report has been reproduced directly from the best obtainable copy. Available to DOE and DOE contractors from the Office of Scientific and Technical Information; P.O. Box 62; Oak Ridge, TN 37831 . Price information: 615/576-8401 . Available to the public from the National Technical Information Service; U.S. Department of Commerce; 5285 Port Royal Road; Springfield, VA 22161 . DOE/ER-0544P uman enome 1991-92 Program Report Date Published: June 1992 U.S. Department of Energy Office of Energy Research Office of Health and Environmental Research Washington, D.C. 20585 Major Events in the Development of the DOE Human Genome Program Meeting held in Santa Fe, New Mexico, to explore Human Genome Initiative feasibility DOE Human Genome Initiative announced I Pilot projects pursued at national laboratories: physical mapping, informatics, and development of critical resources and technologies lor genomic analysis HERAC recommendations made for the Human Genome Initiative First interagency workshop held on genomic resources and informatics LBL and LANL designated as human genome centers I First management and program plans published First peer-review panel for human genome research proposals held NRC recommendations made for a national human genome proje First primary R&D awards made I First Small Business Innovative Research awards made in genome research DOE-NIH Memorandum of Understanding for human genome research signed DOE Human Genome Coordinating Committee formed Human Genome Management Information System established First issue of Human Genome Quarterly published by HGM!S DOE-NIH Five-Year Plan developed First DOE Contractor-Grantee Workshop held at Santa Fe, New Mexico First biannual meeting of NIH-DOE Joint Subcommittee on the Human Genome held I First Joint Mapping Working Group meeting held DOE-NIH Five-Year Plan for the Human Genome Project presented to Congress First DOE ELSI awards made First Joint Working Group on Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues meeting held DOE Human Genome 1989-90 Program Report published First Joint Informatics Task Force meeting held First joint DOE-NIH issue of Human Genome News published First Joint Sequencing Working Group meeting held LLNL designated as third human genome center DOE-NIH annual planning and evaluation retreat held DOE Human Genome Distinguished Postdoctoral ACRONYM LIST Fellowships initialed DOE plans announced to generate STS mapping sites ADA Americans with Disabilities Act at expressed loci DOE U.S. Department of Energy Joint NIH-DOE Five-Year Plan officially implemented Second Contractor-Grantee Workshop held a ELSI Ethical, Legal, and Social Issues Santa Fe, New Mexico HERAC Health and Environmental Research Advisory Committee First DOE Cooperative Research and Development Agreement signed HGMIS Human Genome Management Information System ADA revisions recommended by ELSI HUGO Human Genome Organization (International) Working Group Special peer-review panel held for STS LANL Los Alamos National Laboratory production from cDNAs LBL Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory First meeting of the Joint Working Group on the Mouse held LLNL Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory First DOE Human Genome Distinguished NIH National Institutes of Health Postdoctoral Fellowships awarded DOE-NIH support of Genome Data NRC National Research Council Base begun R&D Research & Development cDNAISTS technology awards made USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture NIH-DOE annual planning and I evaluation retreat held SBH Sequencing by hybridization First peer-review panel held for ELSI STS Sequence tagged site Moscow SBH Workshop sponsored by DOE, HUGO, and The Wellcome Trust 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 ii Foreword cquiring complete knowledge of the organization, structure, and function of the Ahuman genome-the master blueprint of each of us-is the broad aim of the Human Genome Project. It is a new kind of program in biology, both in its size and focus on a limited set of goals and in its dependence on the development and use of technology. The coordinated U.S. Human Genome Project was officially initiated by the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Health and Environmental Research and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Center for Human Genome Research (NCHGR) in FY 1991 with the publication in April 1990 of Understanding Our Genetic Inheritance; The U.S. Human Genome Project: The First Five Years 1991-1995. The DOE effort, which began very modestly almost 4 years before, is now over 5 years old. Taking stock of what has been done and what remains to be done is particularly appropriate at this time. That the ambitious scientific goal of the Human Genome Project can now be imagined is the result of the revolution occurring in biology during the last 20 years. Modern biological science has achieved a profound but still quite incomplete level of understanding of how the diversity of all living things is determined. This insight, along with scientific and techni­ cal advances in other fields, has brought unprecedented power both in being able to analyze and manipulate genetic structures and to use and store large quantities of genetic information. DOE is uniquely positioned to bring together expertise in physics, chemistry, engineering, and computer science to help solve fundamental biological problems and to exploit exciting opportunities presented by the Human Genome Project. Genome research will also contribute to the department's role in providing the scieniific foundation for under­ standing the health effects of radiation and of chemical insults to the genome. The DOE program stresses mapping, the development of sequencing technologies and instrumentation, and informatics. Informatics refers to computational approaches in acquir­ ing, storing, distributing, analyzing, and manipulating vast amounts of mapping and sequence data that will result from the project. Another important program component studies the ethical, legal, and social issues arising from use of the generated data, partic­ ularly in the privacy and confidentiality of genetic information. Cutting across all DOE biological and environmental research programs are several science education activities. The Human Genome Project is a closely cooperative activity between NIH and DOE. NCHGR is an important and essential participant. Internationally, the formation of the Human Genome Organization and the establishment of national genome projects by an increasing number of countries indicate the fascination and promise of this effort on the collective imaginations of many nations. In addition to the inherent excitement about increased knowledge of human life, the project offers the promise of many new opportu­ nities for benefiting humanity through the development of new diagnostics, pharmaceuticals, and therapies for a multitude of human diseases; a wide range of improvements will flow from other biotechnology advances. Further expected benefits include improved risk assessment for individuals and populations exposed to agents that impact genetic mate­ rial, as well as possible applications of the data to environmental and remediation issues. To be successful, the program must continue to focus on clear objectives for mapping and sequencing and to incorporate the flow of technological developments into the efforts of all working laboratories. Strategies must be planned carefully and in a comprehensive iii Foreword fashion as the next phase begins, in which mapping and sequencing results proliferate and technologies mature. Planning must be project-wide and include interagency planning at ever-earlier stages. This report describes the status of the DO!: Human Genome Program and its accomplish­ ments to date. Research highlights are noted from the program as a whole and from the three principal DOE human genome centers at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and Los Alamos National Laboratory. These national laboratory facilities of DOE have been especially successful because they are organized to focus efforts, foster interdisciplinary projects, and use advanced technologies, some developed for other purposes, toward program goals. Essential work is also reported from 41 different research universities. Remarkable progress has been made in advanced instrumentation and informatics. A further indication of the increasing development of the DOE program is the simple statis­ tic that the 1989-90 report had 157 pages and included 57 abstracts of work involving 211 scientists. The current program report contains over 240 pages and includes more than 150 abstracts of work involving over 400 investigators, essentially a doubling of DOE program size. The Human Genome Project ultimately will create scientific resources for the next wave of advances in biology and medicine. As the project is completed, accomplishments will dwarf those that have occurred in the biological sciences since the advent of recombinant DNA technologies. By the same token, the ethical and social consequences of the uses of this new knowledge must be considered as the knowledge is acquired; if this knowledge is responsibly
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Location Analysis of Estrogen Receptor Target Promoters Reveals That
    Location analysis of estrogen receptor ␣ target promoters reveals that FOXA1 defines a domain of the estrogen response Jose´ e Laganie` re*†, Genevie` ve Deblois*, Ce´ line Lefebvre*, Alain R. Bataille‡, Franc¸ois Robert‡, and Vincent Gigue` re*†§ *Molecular Oncology Group, Departments of Medicine and Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada H3A 1A1; †Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada H3G 1Y6; and ‡Laboratory of Chromatin and Genomic Expression, Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montre´al, Montreal, QC, Canada H2W 1R7 Communicated by Ronald M. Evans, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, July 1, 2005 (received for review June 3, 2005) Nuclear receptors can activate diverse biological pathways within general absence of large scale functional data linking these putative a target cell in response to their cognate ligands, but how this binding sites with gene expression in specific cell types. compartmentalization is achieved at the level of gene regulation is Recently, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) has been used poorly understood. We used a genome-wide analysis of promoter in combination with promoter or genomic DNA microarrays to occupancy by the estrogen receptor ␣ (ER␣) in MCF-7 cells to identify loci recognized by transcription factors in a genome-wide investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of manner in mammalian cells (20–24). This technology, termed 17␤-estradiol (E2) in controlling the growth of breast cancer cells. ChIP-on-chip or location analysis, can therefore be used to deter- We identified 153 promoters bound by ER␣ in the presence of E2. mine the global gene expression program that characterize the Motif-finding algorithms demonstrated that the estrogen re- action of a nuclear receptor in response to its natural ligand.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplementary Table 1: Adhesion Genes Data Set
    Supplementary Table 1: Adhesion genes data set PROBE Entrez Gene ID Celera Gene ID Gene_Symbol Gene_Name 160832 1 hCG201364.3 A1BG alpha-1-B glycoprotein 223658 1 hCG201364.3 A1BG alpha-1-B glycoprotein 212988 102 hCG40040.3 ADAM10 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10 133411 4185 hCG28232.2 ADAM11 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 11 110695 8038 hCG40937.4 ADAM12 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 12 (meltrin alpha) 195222 8038 hCG40937.4 ADAM12 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 12 (meltrin alpha) 165344 8751 hCG20021.3 ADAM15 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 15 (metargidin) 189065 6868 null ADAM17 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 (tumor necrosis factor, alpha, converting enzyme) 108119 8728 hCG15398.4 ADAM19 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 19 (meltrin beta) 117763 8748 hCG20675.3 ADAM20 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 20 126448 8747 hCG1785634.2 ADAM21 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 21 208981 8747 hCG1785634.2|hCG2042897 ADAM21 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 21 180903 53616 hCG17212.4 ADAM22 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 22 177272 8745 hCG1811623.1 ADAM23 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 23 102384 10863 hCG1818505.1 ADAM28 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 28 119968 11086 hCG1786734.2 ADAM29 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 29 205542 11085 hCG1997196.1 ADAM30 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 30 148417 80332 hCG39255.4 ADAM33 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 33 140492 8756 hCG1789002.2 ADAM7 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 7 122603 101 hCG1816947.1 ADAM8 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 8 183965 8754 hCG1996391 ADAM9 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 9 (meltrin gamma) 129974 27299 hCG15447.3 ADAMDEC1 ADAM-like,
    [Show full text]
  • Cellular and Molecular Signatures in the Disease Tissue of Early
    Cellular and Molecular Signatures in the Disease Tissue of Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Stratify Clinical Response to csDMARD-Therapy and Predict Radiographic Progression Frances Humby1,* Myles Lewis1,* Nandhini Ramamoorthi2, Jason Hackney3, Michael Barnes1, Michele Bombardieri1, Francesca Setiadi2, Stephen Kelly1, Fabiola Bene1, Maria di Cicco1, Sudeh Riahi1, Vidalba Rocher-Ros1, Nora Ng1, Ilias Lazorou1, Rebecca E. Hands1, Desiree van der Heijde4, Robert Landewé5, Annette van der Helm-van Mil4, Alberto Cauli6, Iain B. McInnes7, Christopher D. Buckley8, Ernest Choy9, Peter Taylor10, Michael J. Townsend2 & Costantino Pitzalis1 1Centre for Experimental Medicine and Rheumatology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK. Departments of 2Biomarker Discovery OMNI, 3Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech Research and Early Development, South San Francisco, California 94080 USA 4Department of Rheumatology, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands 5Department of Clinical Immunology & Rheumatology, Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 6Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, Policlinico of the University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy 7Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK 8Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2WB, UK 9Institute of
    [Show full text]
  • HUMAN GENE MAPPING WORKSHOPS C.1973–C.1991
    HUMAN GENE MAPPING WORKSHOPS c.1973–c.1991 The transcript of a Witness Seminar held by the History of Modern Biomedicine Research Group, Queen Mary University of London, on 25 March 2014 Edited by E M Jones and E M Tansey Volume 54 2015 ©The Trustee of the Wellcome Trust, London, 2015 First published by Queen Mary University of London, 2015 The History of Modern Biomedicine Research Group is funded by the Wellcome Trust, which is a registered charity, no. 210183. ISBN 978 1 91019 5031 All volumes are freely available online at www.histmodbiomed.org Please cite as: Jones E M, Tansey E M. (eds) (2015) Human Gene Mapping Workshops c.1973–c.1991. Wellcome Witnesses to Contemporary Medicine, vol. 54. London: Queen Mary University of London. CONTENTS What is a Witness Seminar? v Acknowledgements E M Tansey and E M Jones vii Illustrations and credits ix Abbreviations and ancillary guides xi Introduction Professor Peter Goodfellow xiii Transcript Edited by E M Jones and E M Tansey 1 Appendix 1 Photographs of participants at HGM1, Yale; ‘New Haven Conference 1973: First International Workshop on Human Gene Mapping’ 90 Appendix 2 Photograph of (EMBO) workshop on ‘Cell Hybridization and Somatic Cell Genetics’, 1973 96 Biographical notes 99 References 109 Index 129 Witness Seminars: Meetings and publications 141 WHAT IS A WITNESS SEMINAR? The Witness Seminar is a specialized form of oral history, where several individuals associated with a particular set of circumstances or events are invited to meet together to discuss, debate, and agree or disagree about their memories. The meeting is recorded, transcribed, and edited for publication.
    [Show full text]
  • Mitoxplorer, a Visual Data Mining Platform To
    mitoXplorer, a visual data mining platform to systematically analyze and visualize mitochondrial expression dynamics and mutations Annie Yim, Prasanna Koti, Adrien Bonnard, Fabio Marchiano, Milena Dürrbaum, Cecilia Garcia-Perez, José Villaveces, Salma Gamal, Giovanni Cardone, Fabiana Perocchi, et al. To cite this version: Annie Yim, Prasanna Koti, Adrien Bonnard, Fabio Marchiano, Milena Dürrbaum, et al.. mitoXplorer, a visual data mining platform to systematically analyze and visualize mitochondrial expression dy- namics and mutations. Nucleic Acids Research, Oxford University Press, 2020, 10.1093/nar/gkz1128. hal-02394433 HAL Id: hal-02394433 https://hal-amu.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02394433 Submitted on 4 Dec 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License Nucleic Acids Research, 2019 1 doi: 10.1093/nar/gkz1128 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/nar/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/nar/gkz1128/5651332 by Bibliothèque de l'université la Méditerranée user on 04 December 2019 mitoXplorer, a visual data mining platform to systematically analyze and visualize mitochondrial expression dynamics and mutations Annie Yim1,†, Prasanna Koti1,†, Adrien Bonnard2, Fabio Marchiano3, Milena Durrbaum¨ 1, Cecilia Garcia-Perez4, Jose Villaveces1, Salma Gamal1, Giovanni Cardone1, Fabiana Perocchi4, Zuzana Storchova1,5 and Bianca H.
    [Show full text]
  • 2016 Publication Year 2021-04-23T14:32:39Z Acceptance in OA@INAF Age Consistency Between Exoplanet Hosts and Field Stars Title B
    Publication Year 2016 Acceptance in OA@INAF 2021-04-23T14:32:39Z Title Age consistency between exoplanet hosts and field stars Authors Bonfanti, A.; Ortolani, S.; NASCIMBENI, VALERIO DOI 10.1051/0004-6361/201527297 Handle http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12386/30887 Journal ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS Number 585 A&A 585, A5 (2016) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201527297 & c ESO 2015 Astrophysics Age consistency between exoplanet hosts and field stars A. Bonfanti1;2, S. Ortolani1;2, and V. Nascimbeni2 1 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Padova, Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 3, 35122 Padova, Italy e-mail: [email protected] 2 Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova, INAF, Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5, 35122 Padova, Italy Received 2 September 2015 / Accepted 3 November 2015 ABSTRACT Context. Transiting planets around stars are discovered mostly through photometric surveys. Unlike radial velocity surveys, photo- metric surveys do not tend to target slow rotators, inactive or metal-rich stars. Nevertheless, we suspect that observational biases could also impact transiting-planet hosts. Aims. This paper aims to evaluate how selection effects reflect on the evolutionary stage of both a limited sample of transiting-planet host stars (TPH) and a wider sample of planet-hosting stars detected through radial velocity analysis. Then, thanks to uniform deriva- tion of stellar ages, a homogeneous comparison between exoplanet hosts and field star age distributions is developed. Methods. Stellar parameters have been computed through our custom-developed isochrone placement algorithm, according to Padova evolutionary models. The notable aspects of our algorithm include the treatment of element diffusion, activity checks in terms of 0 log RHK and v sin i, and the evaluation of the stellar evolutionary speed in the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram in order to better constrain age.
    [Show full text]
  • LD5655.V855 1993.R857.Pdf
    INITIATING INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION: A STUDY OF THE HUMAN GENOME ORGANIZATION by Deborah Rumrill Thesis submitted to the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in Science and Technology Studies APPROVED: Mj Lallon Doris Zallen Av)eM rg Ann La Berg James Bohland July 1993 Blacksburg, Virginia INITIATING INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION: A STUDY OF THE HUMAN GENOME ORGANIZATION by Deborah G. C. Rumrill Committee Chair: Doris T. Zallen Department of Science and Technology Studies (ABSTRACT) The formation of the Human Genome Organization, nicknamed HUGO, in 1988 was a response by scientists to the increasing number of programs designed to examine in detail human genetic material that were developing worldwide in the mid 1980s and the perceived need for initiating international collaboration among the genomic researchers. Despite the expectations of its founders, the Human Genome Organization has not attained immediate acceptance either inside or outside the scientific community, struggling since its inception to gain credibility. Although the organization has been successful as well as unsuccessful in its efforts to initiate international collaboration, there has been little or no analysis of the underlying reasons for these outcomes. This study examines the collaborative activities of the organization, which are new to the biological community in terms of kind and scale, and finds two conditions to be influential in the outcome of the organization’s efforts: 1) the prior existence of a model for the type of collaboration attempted; and 2) the existence or creation of a financial or political incentive to accept a new collaborative activity.
    [Show full text]
  • IAU Division C Working Group on Star Names 2019 Annual Report
    IAU Division C Working Group on Star Names 2019 Annual Report Eric Mamajek (chair, USA) WG Members: Juan Antonio Belmote Avilés (Spain), Sze-leung Cheung (Thailand), Beatriz García (Argentina), Steven Gullberg (USA), Duane Hamacher (Australia), Susanne M. Hoffmann (Germany), Alejandro López (Argentina), Javier Mejuto (Honduras), Thierry Montmerle (France), Jay Pasachoff (USA), Ian Ridpath (UK), Clive Ruggles (UK), B.S. Shylaja (India), Robert van Gent (Netherlands), Hitoshi Yamaoka (Japan) WG Associates: Danielle Adams (USA), Yunli Shi (China), Doris Vickers (Austria) WGSN Website: https://www.iau.org/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/ ​ WGSN Email: [email protected] ​ The Working Group on Star Names (WGSN) consists of an international group of astronomers with expertise in stellar astronomy, astronomical history, and cultural astronomy who research and catalog proper names for stars for use by the international astronomical community, and also to aid the recognition and preservation of intangible astronomical heritage. The Terms of Reference and membership for WG Star Names (WGSN) are provided at the IAU website: https://www.iau.org/science/scientific_bodies/working_groups/280/. ​ ​ ​ WGSN was re-proposed to Division C and was approved in April 2019 as a functional WG whose scope extends beyond the normal 3-year cycle of IAU working groups. The WGSN was specifically called out on p. 22 of IAU Strategic Plan 2020-2030: “The IAU serves as the ​ internationally recognised authority for assigning designations to celestial bodies and their surface features. To do so, the IAU has a number of Working Groups on various topics, most notably on the nomenclature of small bodies in the Solar System and planetary systems under Division F and on Star Names under Division C.” WGSN continues its long term activity of researching cultural astronomy literature for star names, and researching etymologies with the goal of adding this information to the WGSN’s online materials.
    [Show full text]
  • Designing Debate: the Entanglement of Speculative Design and Upstream Engagement
    Designing Debate: The Entanglement of Speculative Design and Upstream Engagement Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 30th July 2015 Tobie Kerridge Design Department Goldsmiths, University of London Designing Debate: The Entanglement of Speculative Design and Upstream Engagement DECLARATION The work presented in this thesis is my own. Signed: Tobie Kerridge Tobie Kerridge, Design Department, Goldsmiths, University of London 2 Designing Debate: The Entanglement of Speculative Design and Upstream Engagement ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The supervisory energies of Bill Gaver and Mike Michael have been boundless. Bill you have helped me develop an academic account of design practice that owes much to the intelligence and incisiveness of your own writing. MiKe your provocative treatment of public engagement and generous dealings with speculative design have enabled an analytical account of these practices. I have benefited from substantial feedbacK from my upgrade examiners Sarah Kember and Jennifer Gabrys, and responded to the insightful comments of my viva examiners Carl DiSalvo and Jonas Löwgren in the body of this final transcript. Colleagues at Goldsmiths, in Design and beyond, you have provided support, discussion, and advice. Thank you for your patience and generosity Andy Boucher, Sarah Pennington, Alex WilKie, Nadine Jarvis, Dave Cameron, Juliet Sprake, Matt Ward, Martin Conreen, Kay Stables, Janis Jefferies, Mathilda Tham, Rosario Hutardo and Nina WaKeford, along with fellow PhD-ers Lisa George, Rose Sinclair and Hannah
    [Show full text]
  • Role and Regulation of the P53-Homolog P73 in the Transformation of Normal Human Fibroblasts
    Role and regulation of the p53-homolog p73 in the transformation of normal human fibroblasts Dissertation zur Erlangung des naturwissenschaftlichen Doktorgrades der Bayerischen Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg vorgelegt von Lars Hofmann aus Aschaffenburg Würzburg 2007 Eingereicht am Mitglieder der Promotionskommission: Vorsitzender: Prof. Dr. Dr. Martin J. Müller Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Michael P. Schön Gutachter : Prof. Dr. Georg Krohne Tag des Promotionskolloquiums: Doktorurkunde ausgehändigt am Erklärung Hiermit erkläre ich, dass ich die vorliegende Arbeit selbständig angefertigt und keine anderen als die angegebenen Hilfsmittel und Quellen verwendet habe. Diese Arbeit wurde weder in gleicher noch in ähnlicher Form in einem anderen Prüfungsverfahren vorgelegt. Ich habe früher, außer den mit dem Zulassungsgesuch urkundlichen Graden, keine weiteren akademischen Grade erworben und zu erwerben gesucht. Würzburg, Lars Hofmann Content SUMMARY ................................................................................................................ IV ZUSAMMENFASSUNG ............................................................................................. V 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................. 1 1.1. Molecular basics of cancer .......................................................................................... 1 1.2. Early research on tumorigenesis ................................................................................. 3 1.3. Developing
    [Show full text]
  • The Human Genome Project
    TO KNOW OURSELVES ❖ THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY AND THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT JULY 1996 TO KNOW OURSELVES ❖ THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY AND THE HUMAN GENOME PROJECT JULY 1996 Contents FOREWORD . 2 THE GENOME PROJECT—WHY THE DOE? . 4 A bold but logical step INTRODUCING THE HUMAN GENOME . 6 The recipe for life Some definitions . 6 A plan of action . 8 EXPLORING THE GENOMIC LANDSCAPE . 10 Mapping the terrain Two giant steps: Chromosomes 16 and 19 . 12 Getting down to details: Sequencing the genome . 16 Shotguns and transposons . 20 How good is good enough? . 26 Sidebar: Tools of the Trade . 17 Sidebar: The Mighty Mouse . 24 BEYOND BIOLOGY . 27 Instrumentation and informatics Smaller is better—And other developments . 27 Dealing with the data . 30 ETHICAL, LEGAL, AND SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS . 32 An essential dimension of genome research Foreword T THE END OF THE ROAD in Little has been rapid, and it is now generally agreed Cottonwood Canyon, near Salt that this international project will produce Lake City, Alta is a place of the complete sequence of the human genome near-mythic renown among by the year 2005. A skiers. In time it may well And what is more important, the value assume similar status among molecular of the project also appears beyond doubt. geneticists. In December 1984, a conference Genome research is revolutionizing biology there, co-sponsored by the U.S. Department and biotechnology, and providing a vital of Energy, pondered a single question: Does thrust to the increasingly broad scope of the modern DNA research offer a way of detect- biological sciences.
    [Show full text]
  • The Relative Distance Between the Clusters of Galaxies A2634 And
    The Relative Distance between the Clusters of Galaxies A2634 and Coma 1 Marco Scodeggio, Riccardo Giovanelli and Martha P. Haynes Center for Radiophysics and Space Research and National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 scodeggi, riccardo, [email protected] ABSTRACT The Tully-Fisher (TF) and Fundamental Plane (FP) relations are used to obtain two independent estimates of the relative distance between the clusters A2634 and Coma. Previously published studies of A2634 showed a large discrepancy between the distance estimates obtained with the TF and the Dn − σ relations, questioning the reliability of redshift-independent distances obtained using these relations. Because of the importance of this issue, we have obtained new distance estimates for A2634, based on much larger samples than previously used, and selected according to rigorous membership criteria. New I band CCD photometry for 175 galaxies, new 21 cm observations of 11 galaxies, and new velocity dispersion measurements for 62 galaxies are used together with previously published data in building these samples. As part of a larger project to compare the TF and FP distance-scales, we have obtained a new FP template using for the first time I band photometry. The template is derived using a sample of 109 E and S0 galaxies that are members of the Coma cluster. Its parameters are in very good agreement with recent determinations of the FP obtained at shorter wavelengths. The uncertainty with which the FP can provide peculiar velocity estimates for single galaxies is ≃0.43 mag in the distance modulus, or 20% of the distance.
    [Show full text]