DOCSLIB.ORG

Urbanization in Asia Photodisc 31 Page 5-15

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Urbanization in Asia Photodisc 31 Page 5-15 IIAS | P.O. Box 9515 | 2300 RA Leiden | The Netherlands | T +31-71-527 2227 | F +31-71-527 4162 | [email protected] | www.iias.nl Website: www.IIAS.nl <Theme: Mega- Urbanization in Asia PhotoDisc 31 page 5-15 July 2003 | the IIAS newsletter is published by the IIAS and is available free of charge Is ¶ cal tra- cal Accord- p.22 ¶ ice Wright ice ]. From the Year of the White Horse p.36 Whereas early-mod- Whereas to the Year of the Black Horse ¶ p.19 7 ¶ Mongolia After Twelve Years of Transition Following the collapse of communism, Mongolia embarked upon an ambitious path of political and economic reform. The ensuing p.54-55 ¶ transition brought new opportunities to the country and its people: an end to international isolation, the introduction of political Art theft galore in this issue. Tijhuis and Tijhuis issue. this in galore theft Art freedoms and a nascent private sector after many decades of centralized planning. Economic liberalization, however, has yet to p.37 deliver benefits to the Mongolian majority. At the beginning of the 1990s, many believed that the market economy would bring unprecedented prosperity within a decade. Instead, it brought unprecedented poverty. In many respects, life for most people is more precarious today than during the communist era. By Sanjaasuren Oyun growing at 1.5 per cent and good governance lacking, Mon- Forum > golia needs a minimum annual growth rate of 4-5 per cent Digital Himalaya: Unlike many early anthropologists, botanical anthropologists, early many Unlike Himalaya: Digital ASEMUS: The exhibition ‘Peranakan Legacy’ adds an important an adds Legacy’ ‘Peranakan exhibition The ASEMUS: Central Asia ¶ efore the 1990s poverty as such was not a problem in in order to raise general living standards. Yet, over the last ¶ BMongolia. With the advent of transition and the sudden several years, Mongolia’s growth has been insufficient, aver- Surely a reason for laughter in Indonesian politics, Arndt Graf explains Graf Arndt politics, Indonesian in laughter for reason a Surely International Conference Agenda. Conference International collapse of economic structures, the economy contracted and aging 1-3 per cent. p.20-21 Robert Cribb speculates on why the mixed-race ‘Indisch’ community did community ‘Indisch’ mixed-race the why on speculates Cribb Robert ¶ ¶ unemployment soared. Surveys undertaken over the last Foreigners are easily impressed by the many jeeps in the Yasser Tabaa gives his view on why the Iraqi’s stole from their museums [6]. museums their from stole Iraqi’s the why on view his gives Tabaa Yasser p.52 seven years indicate that one in three Mongolians live below streets of Ulaanbaatar and the expensive houses that are ¶ p.50 Centred on a Muslim prostitute coming from Muzzafarpur to Mumbai, Fareeda Mumbai, to Muzzafarpur from coming prostitute Muslim a on Centred the poverty line, earning less than a dollar a day. During the being built in the capital’s suburbs. In a country with a per ¶ > Asian art & cultures & art Asian > p. 29 p. period 1995-2002, the Gini coefficient of inequality increased capita GDP of USD 450, however, these are not signs of a p.16 from 0.31 to 0.37.* Despite the recent return of moderate eco- healthy but of a sick economy. So what went wrong? Mon- nomic growth, the number of those living in poverty has not golia has been, in the words of The Economist, ‘the star pupil decreased. of Western liberal economics’, ‘the darling of ultraliberals in Mongolia did not recover its 1989 pre-transition GDP of the West’. Meticulously following the instructions of inter- > In this edition this In > just over USD 1 billion until 2000. Like many post-commu- national financial institutions, the country liberalized its cur- nist countries, Mongolia began the 1990s with negative rency, trade and economy, privatized most of its state assets, growth and extreme inflation (up to 350 per cent). The mid- and brought down inflation. Below are some examples of 1990s witnessed economic stabilization and inflation around how these reforms were undertaken. is an almost abstract odyssey in to migration, marginalization, and displacement [2]. displacement and marginalization, migration, to in odyssey abstract almost an is opens the floor to your reactions on the latter. the on reactions your to floor the opens 10 per cent; growth and single-digit inflation had to await the Tight monetary policies dictated by the IMF and end of the decade. Unfortunately, Mongolia is still struggling implemented by the Central Bank of Mongolia aimed to to achieve growth rates necessary for poverty reduction and reduce inflation; bank rates, however, were kept too high job creation. According to a 1999 World Bank study of poor for local businesses to be profitable. Foreign aid (ODA) Kali Salwaar Kali developing countries, poverty reduction requires economic brought benefits to tens of thousands of Mongolians, 123456 IIAS Newsletter IIAS growth rates at least twice the rate of population growth. That but the overall amount is reaching dangerous levels. ¶ is for countries with good governance. Without good gover- Over the past twelve years, Mongolia received ODA aver- nance, when the distribution of wealth is unequal and cor- aging 20 per cent of GDP. In addition the old (commu- collectors roamed across Nepal. Adam Stainton’s travel accounts provide anthropological information of a wide regional scope [4 scope regional wide a of information anthropological provide accounts travel Stainton’s Adam Nepal. across roamed collectors Gus Dur’s [1] humour in terms of political strategy. strategy. political of terms in humour [1] Dur’s Gus antiquities. Chinese in trade illicit the explore Soudijn dimension to exploring Singapore’s ‘ancestral cultures’ [7]. cultures’ ‘ancestral Singapore’s exploring to dimension ern Indian medical history is substantially defined by Sanskrit systems of thought [3], Hormuz Ebrahimnejad shows European medi European shows Ebrahimnejad Hormuz [3], thought of systems Sanskrit by defined substantially is history medical Indian ern ditions to be more readily incorporated in nineteenth century Iran. century nineteenth in incorporated readily more be to ditions p.43-44 not take a more prominent role in the nationalist movement. nationalist the in role prominent more a take not Mehta’s film Mehta’s has dared to interview these mandarins among mandarins, who are the pick of the bureaucracy. bureaucracy. the of pick the are who mandarins, among mandarins these interview to dared has ing to Richard Boyd, Japan’s Ministry of Finance is surrounded by a mystique, which has long held researchers at bay. Now, Maur Now, bay. at researchers held long has which mystique, a by surrounded is Finance of Ministry Japan’s Boyd, Richard to ing this Wimbledon? Nandana Chutiwongs takes us into a Thai temple in London in her review of ‘Making Merit, Making Art’ [5]. Art’ Making Merit, ‘Making of review her in London in temple Thai a into us takes Chutiwongs Nandana Wimbledon? this ruption thrives, economic growth needs to be at least three nist-era) debt to Russia has not yet been negotiated or times the rate of population increase. Its population currently continued on page 3 > > General news continued from page 1 > Ulan Bator 2001 prises were privatized, out of which 330 shareholding com- settled. Thus the accumulated debt over the last twelve panies were created. Currently, no more than 1,500 individ- years nearly equals GDP. uals, representing 0.5 per cent of the population, own over Compared to Southeast Asia, where Foreign Direct 70 per cent of the shares of these 330 companies. Investment (FDI) averages 15 per cent of GDP, or China Despite certain notable achievements, many things have where the figure varies from 20 to 30 per cent, Mongolia gone wrong with Mongolia’s transition. Paralleling the expe- attracts FDI amounting to only 3-5 per cent of its GDP. Obvi- riences of other badly managed transitions from commu- ously, Mongolia must strive harder towards creating a more nism to a market economy, poverty in Mongolia has soared attractive investment climate. It has only been in the last two and inequality has increased. At present, 40 per cent of the years that mining investors have expressed greater interest, population can be categorized as poor or very poor. It is time due to the discovery of a seemingly world-class deposit of cop- to start remedying these problems. Mongolia is at a cross- per and gold (Oyu Tolgoi) in South Gobi. Despite ten years roads: will its government come up with home-grown poli- of efforts to build a favourable economic and investment cli- Morozova Irina cies for economic development and introduce new, higher mate, Mongolia is still failing to attract investors, both for- standards in the way it leads political, economic and social eign and domestic. Current business taxation rates are pro- milk and the like), in which Mongolia can compete with its processes, or will it continue to slide on the path of impru- hibitively high and resemble those of developed Western neighbours, should be protected until they are strong enough dent policies and the weak rule of law? < countries, not those of developing transition countries. to be competitive. So-called blanket protectionism deserves no praise, but one cannot expect infant domestic industries Dr Sanjaasuren Oyun is Member of the Mongolian Parliament WTO and trade tariffs to compete with their more advanced counterparts in neigh- since 1998 and leader of the Citizens Will - Republican Party since The wealthy countries controlling the international finan- bouring China and Russia, let alone the rest of the world, if 2000. A geologist by profession, she has a PhD in isotope geochem- cial institutions have demanded that poor countries, includ- the government does not initially support them.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • RSIS COMMENTARIES RSIS Commentaries Are Intended to Provide Timely And, Where Appropriate, Policy Relevant Background and Analysis of Contemporary Developments
    119/2008 RSIS COMMENTARIES RSIS Commentaries are intended to provide timely and, where appropriate, policy relevant background and analysis of contemporary developments. The views of the authors are their own and do not represent the official position of the S.Rajaratnam School of International Studies, NTU. These commentaries may be reproduced electronically or in print with prior permission from RSIS. Due recognition must be given to the author or authors and RSIS. Please email: [email protected] or call 6790 6982 to speak to the Editor RSIS Commentaries, Yang Razali Kassim. __________________________________________________________________________________________________ LEGACY OF THE BALI TRIO: A Changing Threat Pattern from Jemaah Islamiyah V. Arianti 14 November 2008 The trio responsible for Bali Bombing I have been executed. The Indonesian authorities have received threats to expect retaliation for the executions. Will the threats materialize? What are legacies of the three bombers for the Indonesian radical community? THE BALI bombers trio – Imam Samudra (38), Ali Ghufron alias Mukhlas (48), and Amrozi (47) – were finally executed by an Indonesian firing squad on Sunday, 9 November 2008 at 00.15 am. The three were sentenced to death by the Denpasar District Court in 2003 for their roles in Bali Bombing I in October 2002 that killed 202 people. They had exhausted their appeals against the death penalty. Their final effort was to ask for a judicial review on the method of the execution by the firing squad, which they considered un-Islamic and torturous. This request was rejected by the Constitutional Court on 21 October 2008. Interestingly, the trio did not ask for a presidential clemency; even if they had it would have been rejected.
    [Show full text]
  • Draft ASA Conference Paper Cultural Perceptions of Tourism And
    Draft ASA Conference Paper Cultural Perceptions of Tourism and Terrorism Michael Hitchcock and I Nyoman Darma Putra Introduction Michel Houellebecq's controversial novel 'Platform' (2002) manages to combine an account of sex tourism with an horrific terrorist attack in Thailand. Whatever the merits of the book, which was originally published in French in 1999, the author is eerily prescient about how tourist resorts could become terrorism targets in Southeast Asia. Houellebecq may be concerned with Thailand, which has suffered attacks on nightclubs and centres of entertainment, but has not experienced the same level of terrorist violence as other Southeast Asian countries, notably the Philippines. There the militant Islamic group Abu Sayyaf took 21 hostages, including 10 foreign tourists, from a diving resort in the Malaysian state of Sabah. The kidnap earned Abu Sayyaf US$ 20 million, reportedly paid by Libya (Rabasa, 2003: 54). The worst outrage to date occurred in Bali in 2002 where over 201 people lost their lives when three bombs were ignited. In this case the bombers were rounded up relatively quickly and on admitting their guilt where quick to point out why they had acted as they did. Thailand, however, is arguably one of the most iconic of tourism destinations and the fact that the real terrorist outrages have happened elsewhere does not detract from one of the main messages of the book: tourists are easily attacked and some of what they engage in may be used as a justification for attacking them. Houellebecq is of course a novelist and a very opinionated one according to some of his critics, but he does investigate the cultural ramifications of terrorists attacking tourists.
    [Show full text]
  • Retrospectivity and the Constitutional Validity of the Bali Bombing and East Timor Trials
    Retrospectivity and the Constitutional Validity of the Bali Bombing and East Timor Trials Ross Clarke* This article discusses two instances of retrospective prosecution currently under way in Indonesia: the trials of those accused of perpetrating the Bali bombing and the trials of Indonesia’s ad hoc Human Rights Court for East Timor. Both sets of trials have been clouded in uncertainty due to a recent constitutional amendment which prohibits retrospective prosecution. The prosecution of crimes against humanity is a widely acknowledged exception to the principle of non-retrospectivity. Despite this, uncertainty over the validity of the Bali and East Timor trials has not been authoritatively resolved. The issue of retrospectivity will be central to any appeals; and of critical import to the outcome of such cases is the proposed Con- stitutional Court and the emergence of judicial review in Indonesia. A ruling on the constitutional validity of retrospective prosecution could potentially exonerate those responsible for grave human rights violations in Bali and East Timor; whatever the outcome, these cases will likely prove defining moments for the Indonesian judiciary. Introduction On 12 October 2002, terrorists bombed two nightclubs in Bali causing the loss of over 200 lives. A special court in Denpasar is now going through the painstaking task of prosecuting those accused of perpetrating the bombing. Lawyers for Amrozi bin Nurhasyim and Imam Samudra – two of the main defendants – argue that the trials are invalid on the grounds of retrospectivity.1 Specifically, they argue that the anti-terrorism legislation under which the two have been charged is invalid, as it breaches a recent constitutional amendment prohibiting retrospective prosecution.
    [Show full text]
  • Deradicalizing Islamist Extremists
    THE ARTS This PDF document was made available CHILD POLICY from www.rand.org as a public service of CIVIL JUSTICE the RAND Corporation. EDUCATION ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT Jump down to document6 HEALTH AND HEALTH CARE INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit NATIONAL SECURITY institution that helps improve policy and POPULATION AND AGING PUBLIC SAFETY decisionmaking through research and SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY analysis. SUBSTANCE ABUSE TERRORISM AND HOMELAND SECURITY TRANSPORTATION AND Support RAND INFRASTRUCTURE Purchase this document WORKFORCE AND WORKPLACE Browse Books & Publications Make a charitable contribution For More Information Visit RAND at www.rand.org Explore the RAND National Security Research Division View document details Limited Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law as indicated in a notice appearing later in this work. This electronic representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for non-commercial use only. Unauthorized posting of RAND PDFs to a non-RAND Web site is prohibited. RAND PDFs are protected under copyright law. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of our research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please see RAND Permissions. This product is part of the RAND Corporation monograph series. RAND monographs present major research findings that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors. All RAND mono- graphs undergo rigorous peer review to ensure high standards for research quality and objectivity. Deradicalizing Islamist Extremists Angel Rabasa, Stacie L. Pettyjohn, Jeremy J. Ghez, Christopher Boucek NATIONAL SECURITY RESEARCH DIVISION The research described in this report was sponsored by the Smith Richardson Foundation.
    [Show full text]
  • THE 2002 BALI BOMBING and the NEW PUBLIC SPHERE: the Portrayal of Terrorism in Indonesian Online Discussion Forums
    Al-Jāmi‘ah: Journal of Islamic Studies Vol. 52, no. 1 (2014), pp. 231-255, doi: 10.14421/ajis.2014.521.231-255 THE 2002 BALI BOMBING AND THE NEW PUBLIC SPHERE: The Portrayal of Terrorism in Indonesian Online Discussion Forums Yuyun Sunesti Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University (UIN) Yogyakarta [email protected] Abstract This article examines heroic conceptions of terrorists, support, and sympathy for terrorism in Indonesia by undertaking a content analysis of four Indonesian online discussion forums in the aftermath of the 2002 Bali bombing. It is argued that online discussion forums are a particularly appropriate source of data from which to analyse Indonesians’ perceptions of the bombers, as these forums are widely thought to be representative of a new public sphere that allows for political debate and participation. From discussions between July 2008 and January 2009, the article outlines how the bombers were constructed as heroes and anti-heroes by different members of different forums. Drawing on a cultural sociological perspective, the article highlights the importance of understanding the reputation of individual terrorists, and the influence of established heroic types in understanding contemporary conflict in Indonesian society. [Artikel ini membahas konsepsi kepahlawanan teroris, dukungan, dan simpati terhadap terorisme di Indonesia dengan melakukan analisis isi terhadap forum diskusi online terkait dengan peristiwa Bom Bali tahun 2002. Diasumsikan bahwa forum diskusi online merupakan sumber yang memadai untuk melihat persepsi masyarakat Indonesia mengenai pelaku pengeboman, karena forum seperti ini cukup dipercaya sebagai perwakilan ruang publik baru memungkinkan terjadinya keterlibatan dan debat yang bersifat politik. Dari diskusi yang terjadi antara Juli 2008 sampai Januari 2009, tergambar dalam artikel ini bahwa para pelaku pengeboman dikonstruksikan sebagai seorang pahlawan sekaligus sebagai musuh dalam forum yang berbeda.
    [Show full text]
  • Counter-Terrorism Strategies in Indonesia, Algeria and Saudi Arabia
    Netherlands Institute of International Relations ‘Clingendael’ Counter­Terrorism Strategies in Indonesia, Algeria and Saudi Arabia (Edited by Roel Meijer) Noorhaidi Hasan Bertus Hendriks Floor Janssen Roel Meijer Netherlands Institute of International Relations ‘Clingendael’ Netherlands Institute of International Relations ‘Clingendael’ Clingendael 7 2597 VH The Hague Tel.: +31 (0)70–3245384 Fax: +31 (0)70–3746667 P.O. Box 93080 2509 AB The Hague E‐mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.clingendael.nl Copyright © WODC © WODC. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright holders. WODC, Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek‐ en Documentatiecentrum Ministerie van Veiligheid en Justitie (Research and Documentation Centre, Ministry of Security and Justice). Netherlands Institute of International Relations ‘Clingendael’ Contents Foreword...............................................................................................................................................................................1 Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................................3 Research Problems.......................................................................................................................................................4
    [Show full text]
  • March 31, 2008
    The Jawa Report: March 2008 Archives Page 1 of 382 « February 2008 | Main | April 2008 » March 31, 2008 Video: Jihad USA: Homegrown Terror The Fox News documentary hosted by E.D. Hill about the threat of homegrown terrorists. The threat is real and homegrown jihadis nearly always get their start online. The video is in four parts posted below. Watch it all and pass it on. Part I Part II http://mypetjawa.mu.nu/archives/2008_03.php 17.11.2008 The Jawa Report: March 2008 Archives Page 2 of 382 Part III Part IV http://mypetjawa.mu.nu/archives/2008_03.php 17.11.2008 The Jawa Report: March 2008 Archives Page 3 of 382 Thanks to Walid Phares. Posted by Dr. Rusty Shackleford at 10:46 PM | Comments (0) Petition in Support of Geert Wilders Self-explanatory: To: The Dutch Government WHEREAS Geert Wilders has exercised his fundamental human right of freedom of expression and spoken out, with facts and evidence, of the threat posed by radical Islam; WHEREAS certain elements within Islamic communities have threatened a boycott of Dutch goods if Geert Wilders is not punished by the Dutch government for exercising his freedom of expression; and WHEREAS certain elements in Dutch industry and the Dutch government are suggesting that Geert Wilders be prosecuted civilly or criminally, in order to prevent such a boycott; IT IS RESOLVED that, in the event that the Dutch government attempts, in any way, to punish or prosecute Geert Wilders, civilly or criminally, for exercising his freedom of expression, the undersigned will initiate a boycott of any and all Dutch goods.
    [Show full text]
  • Textual Analysis of Tempo News Magazine Representation of Terrorism
    87 Textual Analysis of Tempo News Magazine Representation of Terrorism Prayudi Program Studi Ilmu Komunikasi Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “ Veteran” Yogyakarta Jl. Babarsari No. 2 Tambakbayan Yogyakarta 55282, Telp. (0274) 485268 HP. 0815 680 1807, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract This research analyses how the Indonesian news media represents issue of terrorism within Indonesian context. An attempt by the news media institutions in representing reality incorpo- rates technology to produce and to distribute texts; institution where technology is formed and controlled to produce texts; and cultural forms relate to the structuring of media technology and organization; how language and meaning are composed into codes. Further, news media institu- tions must also consider political and cultural contexts of the event. Thus, controversial and crucial issues like terrorist attack and international war on terror are represented in accordance with internal policy of news media institutions and the consideration of cultural and political contexts. Tempo weekly news magazine is the news media under study. The research finding indicates that Tempo focused on the investigation process and the un-cover of terrorist network. Both issues were constructed within strong political and cultural perspectives that become the characteristic of Tempo as a news media that is critical and free from any pressures. Actuality, in-depth reporting and accuracy represent Tempo’s strong and independent editorial policy. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis media berita yang merepresentasikan isu terorisme dalam konteks Indonesia. Upaya lembaga media berita dalam menampilkan realitas melalui teknologi untuk memproduksi dan mendistribusikan teks; keberadaan institusi di mana teknologi dibentuk dan dikendalikan untuk menghasilkan teks; dan bentuk budaya yang berhubungan dengan penataan media teknologi dan organisasi, bagaimana bahasa dan makna yang tertuang dalam kode.
    [Show full text]
  • Daftar Fasilitas Asuransi Kesehatan Tingkat Pertama
    DAFTAR FASILITAS ASURANSI KESEHATAN TINGKAT PERTAMA PROVINSI KANTOR REGIONAL KANTOR CABANG NAMA DATI2 KODE PPK NAMA PPK ALAMAT PPK TELF. PPK N. ACEH D. REGIONAL I - MEDAN BANDA ACEH KAB. ACEH BESAR 00080010 KLINIK POLRES ACEH BARAT SWADAYA N. ACEH D. REGIONAL I - MEDAN BANDA ACEH KAB. ACEH BESAR 00080011 KLINIK POLRES ACEH BESAR IMBRAHIM SAIDI NO. 1 N. ACEH D. REGIONAL I - MEDAN BANDA ACEH KAB. ACEH BESAR 00080012 KLINIK SPN SEULAWAH BANDA ACEH MEDAN KM 61 N. ACEH D. REGIONAL I - MEDAN BANDA ACEH KAB. ACEH BESAR 00080009 SIKES LANUD ISKANDARMUDA JL. PANTE PERAK BANDA ACEH N. ACEH D. REGIONAL I - MEDAN BANDA ACEH KAB. ACEH BESAR 0008U002 DR. IMRAN A. GANI DESA LAMTEUNGOH 85260153917 N. ACEH D. REGIONAL I - MEDAN BANDA ACEH KAB. ACEH BESAR 0008U007 DR.MUHAMMAD ALI JL.SULTAN ISKANDAR MUDA NO.1 81269124571 N. ACEH D. REGIONAL I - MEDAN BANDA ACEH KAB. ACEH BESAR 0008U008 KLINIK AISHA - 10 JL.T.ISKANDAR SIMPANG COT IRI 08126910292 N. ACEH D. REGIONAL I - MEDAN BANDA ACEH KAB. ACEH BESAR 0008U004 KLINIK M.C MEULIGO BUNDA JL.B.ACEH-MEDAN 10LR.REFORMASI 06517413589 N. ACEH D. REGIONAL I - MEDAN BANDA ACEH KAB. ACEH BESAR 0008U005 KLINIK MEURASI LAMBARO JL.BANDA ACEH-MEDAN KM 4,5 0811684550 N. ACEH D. REGIONAL I - MEDAN BANDA ACEH KAB. ACEH BESAR 0008U001 DR. FIA DEWI AULIANI, MARS Jl.BANDA ACEH-MEDAN KM 25 0651-92195 N. ACEH D. REGIONAL I - MEDAN BANDA ACEH KAB. ACEH BESAR 0008U010 KLINIK AISHA - 07 JL. BANDA ACEH-MEULABOH 08126910292 N. ACEH D. REGIONAL I - MEDAN BANDA ACEH KAB.
    [Show full text]
  • The Amrozi Bali Bombing Case: Is Indonesia's Anti-Terrorism Law Unconstitutional?
    2003–04 No. 14, 7 October 2003 The Amrozi Bali Bombing Case: is Indonesia's Anti-terrorism Law Unconstitutional? Background which have a common law heritage, A number of international human On 8 August 2003, Amrozi bin the Indonesian system is not based rights conventions and other Nurhasyim ('Amrozi') was found on the doctrine of precedent (stare agreements contain similar guilty of various charges relating to decisis). As a consequence, provisions to Article 28I(1), his purchase of the Minivan and Indonesia does not have an However, many also recognise an bomb-making chemicals used in the established body of caselaw. This 'exception' for acts that offend Bali bombings of 12 October 2002. makes it more difficult to anticipate against internationally accepted legal These charges were laid under an how complex matters of law, such as standards. For example, Article 15 anti-terrorism regulation that was the constitutional issue in the of the International Covenant on proclaimed by President Megawati Amrozi case, will be decided by the Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) one week after the Bali bombings. courts. states: An initial appeal to the High Court The 2002 Anti-terrorism Law 1. No one shall be held guilty of any against Amrozi's conviction was criminal offence on account of any On 18 October, six days after the heard in September but the act or omission which did not Bali bombing, President Megawati conviction was upheld. constitute a criminal offence, under issued Perpus 1/2002 and 2/2002. national or international law, at the An appeal has now been lodged with Perpu 1/2002 was a revised version time when it was committed ..
    [Show full text]
  • NEW Bar News Dec 2003
    Opinion The trial of Amrozi By Colin McDonald QC* It was his smile that so appalled Australia and the western world. It was his smile that so alarmed and discomforted ‘In their presentation of evidence and the mix of Indonesia. It was his smile that became the hallmark of Amrozi witnesses, the prosecutors quietly, deftly proved bin Nurhasyim after his arrest, during his trial, at the time of their case both legally and in the forum of conviction and after his sentence to death by firing squad. public opinion.’ Although not the mastermind behind the Bali bombings, Amrozi became the most notorious of the many suspects charged. Although the century is just into its third year, the Beyond the usual ingredients of famous trials, the trial of trial of Amrozi is likely to emerge as one of the trials of Amrozi had an extra and compelling element. Like the trial of the century. Eichmann in Jerusalem and the Kosovo trials in the Hague, the The stark, simplistic and unsubtle medium of television trial of Amrozi involved the exposé of the uncivilised magnified Amrozi's smile and carried it into the homes of devastation of extremism and bigotry. What the trial of Australia, Indonesia and the world. Amrozi gained the Amrozi did was canvass, sometimes in graphic detail, the major sobriquet of the 'smiling assassin' and the 'smiling bomber'. contemporary political issue confronting Indonesia, all modern Whilst Americans are used to media, especially television, Islamic nations and the western world - the threat of criminals coverage of criminal trials, Indonesia is not.
    [Show full text]
  • Comments' of the INDONESIAN NATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS
    Comments’ of THE INDONESIAN NATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION ON INDONESIA’S COMPLIANCE WITH THE INTERNATOIONAL COVENANT ON CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS 14 June 2013 The Indonesian National Human Rights Commission, Jl. Latuharhary No. 4B, Menteng, Jakarta Pusat 10310 Phone: 62-21-3925230 Fax: 62-21-3925227 - 1 - I. Introduction 1. The Indonesian National Human Rights Commission (Komisi Nasional Hak Asasi Manusia ”, popularly known and referred to by its acronym “Komnas HAM ”), provides this submission to the United Nations Human Rights Committee (hereafter the Committee) with regard to the Indonesia’s implementation of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). 2. This submission does not provide a complete assessment of Indonesia’s compliance with the ICCPR, but only focus on the relevant recent and current areas of Komnas HAM’s work. II. Komnas HAM’s Role to Monitor Indonesia’s Compliance with ICCPR 1. The Indonesian National Commission on Human Rights (Komisi Nasional Hak Asasi Manusia, hereafter called: Komnas HAM) is an independent institution, equal with another states institutions. Under the Law 39/1999 Concerning Human Rights Komnas HAM has objective to: a. develop conditions conducive to the execution of human rights in accordance with Pancasila, the 1945 Constitution, the United Nations Charter, and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; and, b. improve the protection and upholding of human rights in the interests of the personal development of Indonesian people as a whole and their ability to participate in several aspects of life. (article 75 Law 39/999 Concerning Human Rights) 2. To achieve the aims, Article 76 states that the National Commission on Human Rights functions to study, research, disseminate, monitor and mediate human rights issues.
    [Show full text]