DOCSLIB.ORG

Ideology of Literature Studies in High School Colloquiums in Neoliberal China Jiayin Pan

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Ideology of Literature Studies in High School Colloquiums in Neoliberal China Jiayin Pan St. Cloud State University theRepository at St. Cloud State Culminating Projects in Social Responsibility Interdisciplinary Programs 5-2016 Ideology of Literature Studies in High School Colloquiums in Neoliberal China Jiayin Pan Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.stcloudstate.edu/socresp_etds Recommended Citation Pan, Jiayin, "Ideology of Literature Studies in High School Colloquiums in Neoliberal China" (2016). Culminating Projects in Social Responsibility. 5. https://repository.stcloudstate.edu/socresp_etds/5 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Interdisciplinary Programs at theRepository at St. Cloud State. It has been accepted for inclusion in Culminating Projects in Social Responsibility by an authorized administrator of theRepository at St. Cloud State. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Ideology of Literature Studies in High School Colloquiums in Neoliberal China By Jiayin Pan A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of St. Cloud State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Social Responsibility May, 2016 Thesis Committee: Dr. Ajaykumar Panicker, Chairperson Dr. Stephen Philion Dr. Paul Neiman 2 Abstract This study focuses on exploring the ideological influences in literature studies in neoliberal China. The exploration of ideological impacts will be discussed through looking at the theoretical discourse and empirical discourse. The theoretical discourse which will be developed in this study based on the theory of ideology and the theory of neoliberalism. There will be many other theoretical themes discussed in study, but all of them are going to serve the discourse about ideology and neoliberalism. The discourse about the theory of ideology and theory of neoliberalism intends to provide the background and theoretical framework for the empirical discourse. The empirical discourse is concentrated in the literature materials which come from the high school colloquiums in China. Those materials will be provided in different themes, in order to extend the discussions about the existed ideologies in literature studies. Through the empirical discourse about literature studies, study will be able to show various types of different ideological themes and how they work within the context of neoliberal China after economic reform in 1978. Once all sorts of ideological themes in literature studies are depicted, this study will pay attention to the philosophical themes in order to discuss how the philosophical themes influence the society and individuals in their everyday lives. Those philosophical discussions will be derived from the empirical discourse which is concentrated in literature studies. 3 Table of Contents Chapter Page I. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................... 5 II. IDEOLOGY ..................................................................................................................... 9 Theorized and Utilized Words of Ideology ................................................................ 10 The Western Traditions of Ideology ........................................................................... 16 The Chinese Traditions of Ideology ........................................................................... 19 III. NEOLIBERAL CHINA ................................................................................................... 22 Economic Development in China .............................................................................. 22 The Rise of New Class ............................................................................................... 25 The Development of Neoliberalism in China ............................................................ 28 IV. INTRODUCTIONS OF ARTICLES IN HIGH SCHOOL COLLOQUIUMS ................ 36 Articles from 2002 to 2005 ........................................................................................ 37 Articles from 2012 to 2015 ........................................................................................ 48 V. EMPIRICAL DISCOURSE OF THE ARTICLES .......................................................... 54 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 54 Patriotism and Nationalism (2002-2005) ................................................................... 56 Patriotism and Nationalism (2012-2015) ................................................................... 58 Economic Reform (2002-2005) ................................................................................. 59 Economic Reform (2012-2015) ................................................................................. 60 Modernization and Modernism (2002-2005) ............................................................. 61 Globalization (2012-2015) ......................................................................................... 63 4 Realism (2002-2005) ................................................................................................. 64 Realism (2012-2015) ................................................................................................. 66 Anti-war (2012-2015) ................................................................................................ 67 Lu Xun’ Writtings ...................................................................................................... 67 Humanism (2002-2005) ............................................................................................. 71 Humanism (2012-2015) ............................................................................................. 72 Socialism, Communism and Marxism (2002-2005) .................................................. 73 Revolutionism and Revolutionary Romanticism (2002-2005) .................................. 74 Revolutionism (2012-2015) ....................................................................................... 76 Spirits of Petite Bourgeoisie and Capitalism (2002-2005) ........................................ 77 Spirits of Petite Bourgeoisie and Capitalism (2012-2015) ........................................ 78 Conclusion ................................................................................................................. 80 VI. DISCUSSION ................................................................................................................. 86 VII. CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................. 97 References .............................................................................................................................. 101 5 Chapter I INTRODUCTION Current society of the People’s Republic of China is experiencing the consequences of economic reform since 1978. China has already put away its socialist economy which was adopted during the time of Maoism, instead, China called its economic reality which was “socialist market”. However, within the economic development, especially after 1980, the “neoliberal doctrine” carried out China’s economy to a so-called success with generating more social, economic and political problems (Lin, 2006). Particularly, even if China does not specify itself as a capitalist nation within the context of neoliberalism, rather, China calls its economic reality which is a way of accomplishing the ultimate communism, the reality seems different from what Chinese government specifies itself as a socialist nation so confidently. But, Chinese government still constantly insists its legitimacy in adopting capitalist and neoliberal economy through spreading various ideologies in blinding people from acknowledging the actual capitalism and neoliberalism in society. In this research, I will focus on the literature studies in high school colloquiums about the ideological influences under the neoliberal context in the People’s Republic of China nowadays. In the first chapter, I will talk about the notion of ideology by referring to Marx and Engels (1970), and their illustrations about the concept of ideology, which actually expresses and represents the unequal power relationship. Literature could be considered as a type of ideology, because it reflects the social power. Three directions will be focused on in this Chapter. First direction is the theoretical approach, includes the definitions and interpretations of ideology. Second, I will talk about the practical uses of ideology, and its connections with hegemony and 6 legitimation. Thirdly, I will explore the philosophical backgrounds of ideology in both Western philosophy and Chinese philosophy, even if sometimes philosophies do not specifically indicate the word, ideology, in philosophical thinking and discussions. I will theorize ideology through referring to Brown (1973) and Plamenatz (1970), primarily. Furthermore, Eagleton will be a major part for me to look at ideology as a “discourse” which represents power and manipulation (Eagleton, 1991). Karl Marx’s theory about ideology will also be an important aspect for me in talking about power. Then I will start to talk about the “false consciousness” of ideology, which will be the core part of the discussion. I will also talk about Dijk (1998) and his ideas about how to use ideology to satisfy legitimation. After theorizing ideology and looking at the utility of ideology, I will talk about the traditions
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Contemporary China: a Book List
    PRINCETON UNIVERSITY: Woodrow Wilson School, Politics Department, East Asian Studies Program CONTEMPORARY CHINA: A BOOK LIST by Lubna Malik and Lynn White Winter 2007-2008 Edition This list is available on the web at: http://www.princeton.edu/~lynn/chinabib.pdf which can be viewed and printed with an Adobe Acrobat Reader. Variation of font sizes may cause pagination to differ slightly in the web and paper editions. No list of books can be totally up-to-date. Please surf to find further items. Also consult http://www.princeton.edu/~lynn/chinawebs.doc for clicable URLs. This list of items in English has several purposes: --to help advise students' course essays, junior papers, policy workshops, and senior theses about contemporary China; --to supplement the required reading lists of courses on "Chinese Development" and "Chinese Politics," for which students may find books to review in this list; --to provide graduate students with a list that may suggest books for paper topics and may slightly help their study for exams in Chinese politics; a few of the compiler's favorite books are starred on the list, but not much should be made of this because such books may be old or the subjects may not meet present interests; --to supplement a bibliography of all Asian serials in the Princeton Libraries that was compiled long ago by Frances Chen and Maureen Donovan; many of these are now available on the web,e.g., from “J-Stor”; --to suggest to book selectors in the Princeton libraries items that are suitable for acquisition; to provide a computerized list on which researchers can search for keywords of interests; and to provide a resource that many teachers at various other universities have also used.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 25 Uniform Titles Part 1
    CHAPTER 25 UNIFORM TITLES Revised: October 2010 25.1. USE OF UNIFORM TITLES 25.1A. Uniform titles can be used for different purposes. They provide the means: for bringing together all catalogue entries of a work when various manifestations (e.g. editions, translations) of it have appeared under various titles; for identifying a work when the title by which it is known differs from the title proper of the item being catalogued; for differentiating between two or more works published under identical titles proper; for organizing the file. The need to use uniform titles varies from one catalogue to another and varies within one catalogue. Base the decision whether to use a uniform title in a particular instance on one or more of the following, as appropriate: 1) how well the work is known 2) how many manifestations of the work are involved 3) whether another work with the same title proper has been identified (see 25.5B) 4) whether the main entry is under title (see 21.1C) 5) whether the work was originally in another language 6) the extent to which the catalogue is used for research purposes. NOTE: Chapter 25 is optional. Although this chapter describes an instructional set of rules, use these rules according to the varying policies of the cataloging agency. LC rule interpretation: Applicability Use a uniform title unless the complete uniform title that would be assigned is exactly the same as the title proper of the item. Exceptions 1) Do not use a uniform title when the only difference is the presence of an initial article in the bibliographic title proper.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Origin of Surface Ozone Episode in Shanghai Over Yangtze River Delta During a Prolonged Heat Wave
    1 On the origin of surface ozone episode in Shanghai over Yangtze 2 River Delta during a prolonged heat wave 3 4 Jian-Bin Wu1,4,*, Qian Wang2, Huansheng Chen1,*, Yuqia Zhang1, Oliver Wild3 5 1 State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, 6 Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China 7 2 Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center, Shanghai 200235, China 8 3 Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK 9 4 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Health, Shanghai, 200135, China 10 11 Abstract 12 13 A heat wave with temperatures over 35°C and sunny stagnant meteorological conditions 14 occurred in Shanghai from 27 July to 5 August 2015, leading to a sustained episode of high ozone 15 lasting 12 days. We have conducted a detailed source apportionment of surface ozone, by 16 precursor source category and region, using a photochemical transport model. In this episode, a 17 southwesterly wind prevailed over the Yangtze River Delta, and therefore precursors from the 18 local Shanghai region and the region immediately to the south of Shanghai are the two major 19 contributors (in total 90%) to ozone in Shanghai. The source apportionment reveals that local 20 industrial sources and energy/biogenic sources in neighbouring regions are the principal causes 21 for the high levels of ozone. By examining the contributions from individual physical and 22 chemical processes, we show that ozone concentrations start to rise rapidly in the morning 23 because chemical production dominates as the solar radiation increases, and while there is little 24 removal by deposition when ozone remains low.
    [Show full text]
  • New Readings of Lu Xun
    Review Essay China perspectives New Readings of Lu Xun: Critic of modernity and re-inventor of heterodoxy SEBASTIAN VEG ore than any other modern writer, Lu Xun remains at the heart of belled a communist writer, the first alternative readings of Lu Xun, building intellectual discussions in China today. There are several reasons on annotations and biographical writings by contemporaries such as Mfor this. One is that no sooner had Lu Xun breathed his last breath Cao Juren 曹聚仁 , who came to Hong Kong in 1950, began to emerge in than the Chinese Communist Party began to build him into its own narrative Western academia in the 1960s. The Hsia brothers, in particular T. A. Hsia’s of national revival, structured around the interpenetration of revolution and 夏濟安 seminal The Gate of Darkness , first published in 1968, played a major nationalism. Lu Xun’s biography, which spanned the crucial juncture from role in unearthing the aestheticism in Lu Xun’s works such as Wild Grass , late-imperial reformist gentry to nationalist revolution, the New Culture, as did the writing of Belgian sinologist Pierre Ryckmans (pen name Simon and finally to the rise of communism as a response to many of the problems Leys). Leo Ou-fan Lee’s 李歐梵 edited volume Lu Xun and his Legacy (1985) that had prevented China’s full transformation into a modern democracy, and his authoritative study Voices from the Iron House (1987) represent a began to serve as an explanatory model for the entire historical evolution culmination of scholarship undertaken in this perspective, in which psycho - of the first half of the twentieth century.
    [Show full text]
  • Mapping the EU-China Cultural and Creative Landscape
    MAPPING THE EU‐CHINA CULTURAL AND CREATIVE LANDSCAPE A joint mapping study prepared for the Ministry of Culture (MoC) of the People's Republic of China and DG Education and Culture (EAC) of the European Commission September 2015 1 CO-AUTHORS: Chapters I to III: Cui Qiao - Senior Expert, BMW Foundation China Representative, Founder China Contemporary Art Foundation Huang Shan - Junior Expert, Founder Artspy.cn Chapter IV: Katja Hellkötter - Senior Expert, Founder & Director, CONSTELLATIONS International Léa Ayoub - Junior Expert, Project Manager, CONSTELLATIONS International http://www.constellations-international.com Disclaimer This mapping study has been produced in the context and with the support of the EU-China Policy Dialogues Support Facility (PDSF II), a project financed jointly by the European Union and the Government of the People's Republic of China, implemented by a consortium led by Grontmij A/S. This consolidated version is based on the contributions of the two expert teams mentioned above and has been finalised by the European Commission (DG EAC). The content does not necessarily reflect the opinion of Directorate General Education and Culture (DG EAC) or the Ministry of Culture (MoC) of the People’s Republic of China. DG EAC and MoC are not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained herein. The authors have produced this study to the best of their ability and knowledge; nevertheless they assume no liability for any damages, material or immaterial, that may arise from the use of this study or its content. 2 Contents I. General Introduction ....................................................................................................... 5 1. Background .............................................................................................................................. 5 2. Project Description .................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Copyright by Naoko Kato 2013
    Copyright by Naoko Kato 2013 The Dissertation Committee for Naoko Kato Certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Through the Kaleidoscope: Uchiyama Bookstore and Sino-Japanese Visionaries in War and Peace Committee: Mark Metzler, Supervisor Nancy Stalker Madeline Hsu Huaiyin Li Robert Oppenheim Through the Kaleidoscope: Uchiyama Bookstore and Sino-Japanese Visionaries in War and Peace by Naoko Kato, B.A., M.A., M.S.I.S. Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Austin in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Texas at Austin May 2013 Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to my parents, Emiko and Haruichi Kato. Through the Kaleidoscope: Uchiyama Bookstore and Sino-Japanese Visionaries in War and Peace Naoko Kato, PhD The University of Texas at Austin, 2013 Supervisor: Mark Metzler The Republican period in Chinese history (1911-1949) is generally seen as a series of anti-imperialist and anti-foreign movements that coincide with the development of Chinese nationalism. The continual ties between Chinese nationalists and Japanese intellectuals are often overlooked. In the midst of the Sino-Japanese war, Uchiyama Kanzō, a Christian pacifist who was the owner of the bookstore, acted as a cultural liaison between May Fourth Chinese revolutionaries who were returned students from Japan, and Japanese left-wing activists working for the Communist cause, or visiting Japanese writers eager to meet their Chinese counterparts. I explore the relationship between Japanese and Chinese cultural literati in Shanghai, using Uchiyama Bookstore as the focal point.
    [Show full text]
  • Women and Feminism in the Literary History of Early-Twentieth-Century China 1
    Notes Introduction: Women and Feminism in the Literary History of Early-Twentieth-Century China 1. These various renderings of “feminism” can be found in texts from the period covered in this study. While often used interchangeably, they carry slightly dif- ferent connotations. 2. In addition to calling for a radical transformation of Confucian social mores and values prejudicial to women, early feminists also demanded concrete recognition of women’s social and political rights. Prominent among these were the eradication of foot binding, equal rights in inheritance, access to edu- cation and the professions, marital freedoms, including the right to choose one’s own partner and to divorce, the right to vote and be elected to public office, and the abolition of the practice of child-brides, concubinage, and prostitution. 3. Charlotte Beahan, “The Women’s Movement and Nationalism in Late Ch’ing China” (Ph.D. diss., Columbia University, 1976); Elisabeth Croll, Feminism and Socialism in China (New York: Schocken Books, 1978); Phyllis Andors, The Unfinished Liberation of Chinese Women: 1949–1980 (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1983); Judith Stacey, Patriarchy and Socialist Revolution in China (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983); Margery Wolf, Revolution Postponed: Women in Contemporary China (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1985); Christina Gilmartin, Engendering the Chinese Revolution: Radical Women, Communist Politics, and Mass Movements in the 1920s (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995). 4. See, for example,
    [Show full text]
  • Protecting China's Overseas Interests
    SIPRI Policy Paper PROTECTING CHINA’S 41 OVERSEAS INTERESTS June 2014 The Slow Shift away from Non-interference mathieu duchâtel, oliver bräuner and zhou hang STOCKHOLM INTERNATIONAL PEACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE SIPRI is an independent international institute dedicated to research into conflict, armaments, arms control and disarmament. Established in 1966, SIPRI provides data, analysis and recommendations, based on open sources, to policymakers, researchers, media and the interested public. The Governing Board is not responsible for the views expressed in the publications of the Institute. GOVERNING BOARD Jayantha Dhanapala, Acting Chairman (Sri Lanka) Dr Dewi Fortuna Anwar (Indonesia) Dr Vladimir Baranovsky (Russia) Ambassador Wolfgang Ischinger (Germany) Professor Mary Kaldor (United Kingdom) The Director DIRECTOR Ian Anthony (United Kingdom) Signalistgatan 9 SE-169 70 Solna, Sweden Telephone: +46 8 655 97 00 Fax: +46 8 655 97 33 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.sipri.org Protecting China’s Overseas Interests The Slow Shift away from Non-interference SIPRI Policy Paper No. 41 MATHIEU DUCHÂTEL, OLIVER BRÄUNER AND ZHOU HANG June 2014 © SIPRI 2014 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of SIPRI or as expressly permitted by law. Printed in Sweden ISSN 1652–0432 (print) ISSN 1653–7548 (online) ISBN 978–91–85114–85–6 Contents Preface iv Acknowledgements v Summary vi Abbreviations viii 1. Introduction 1 2. Chinese debates on non-interference 5 China’s strict adherence to non-interference 5 Normative developments in the international system 8 The expansion of China’s overseas interests 13 Towards a pragmatic and flexible interpretation of non-interference 17 3.
    [Show full text]
  • 36496 Federal Register / Vol
    36496 Federal Register / Vol. 86, No. 130 / Monday, July 12, 2021 / Rules and Regulations compensation is provided solely for the under forty-three entries to the Entity Committee (ERC) to be ‘military end flight training and not the use of the List. These thirty-four entities have been users’ pursuant to § 744.21 of the EAR. aircraft. determined by the U.S. Government to That section imposes additional license The FAA notes that any operator of a be acting contrary to the foreign policy requirements on, and limits the limited category aircraft that holds an interests of the United States and will be availability of, most license exceptions exemption to conduct Living History of listed on the Entity List under the for, exports, reexports, and transfers (in- Flight (LHFE) operations already holds destinations of Canada; People’s country) to listed entities on the MEU the necessary exemption relief to Republic of China (China); Iran; List, as specified in supplement no. 7 to conduct flight training for its flightcrew Lebanon; Netherlands (The part 744 and § 744.21 of the EAR. members. LHFE exemptions grant relief Netherlands); Pakistan; Russia; Entities may be listed on the MEU List Singapore; South Korea; Taiwan; to the extent necessary to allow the under the destinations of Burma, China, exemption holder to operate certain Turkey; the United Arab Emirates Russia, or Venezuela. The license aircraft for the purpose of carrying (UAE); and the United Kingdom. This review policy for each listed entity is persons for compensation or hire for final rule also revises one entry on the identified in the introductory text of living history flight experiences.
    [Show full text]
  • Factory Name
    Factory Name Factory Address BANGLADESH Company Name Address AKH ECO APPARELS LTD 495, BALITHA, SHAH BELISHWER, DHAMRAI, DHAKA-1800 AMAN GRAPHICS & DESIGNS LTD NAZIMNAGAR HEMAYETPUR,SAVAR,DHAKA,1340 AMAN KNITTINGS LTD KULASHUR, HEMAYETPUR,SAVAR,DHAKA,BANGLADESH ARRIVAL FASHION LTD BUILDING 1, KOLOMESSOR, BOARD BAZAR,GAZIPUR,DHAKA,1704 BHIS APPARELS LTD 671, DATTA PARA, HOSSAIN MARKET,TONGI,GAZIPUR,1712 BONIAN KNIT FASHION LTD LATIFPUR, SHREEPUR, SARDAGONI,KASHIMPUR,GAZIPUR,1346 BOVS APPARELS LTD BORKAN,1, JAMUR MONIPURMUCHIPARA,DHAKA,1340 HOTAPARA, MIRZAPUR UNION, PS : CASSIOPEA FASHION LTD JOYDEVPUR,MIRZAPUR,GAZIPUR,BANGLADESH CHITTAGONG FASHION SPECIALISED TEXTILES LTD NO 26, ROAD # 04, CHITTAGONG EXPORT PROCESSING ZONE,CHITTAGONG,4223 CORTZ APPARELS LTD (1) - NAWJOR NAWJOR, KADDA BAZAR,GAZIPUR,BANGLADESH ETTADE JEANS LTD A-127-131,135-138,142-145,B-501-503,1670/2091, BUILDING NUMBER 3, WEST BSCIC SHOLASHAHAR, HOSIERY IND. ATURAR ESTATE, DEPOT,CHITTAGONG,4211 SHASAN,FATULLAH, FAKIR APPARELS LTD NARAYANGANJ,DHAKA,1400 HAESONG CORPORATION LTD. UNIT-2 NO, NO HIZAL HATI, BAROI PARA, KALIAKOIR,GAZIPUR,1705 HELA CLOTHING BANGLADESH SECTOR:1, PLOT: 53,54,66,67,CHITTAGONG,BANGLADESH KDS FASHION LTD 253 / 254, NASIRABAD I/A, AMIN JUTE MILLS, BAYEZID, CHITTAGONG,4211 MAJUMDER GARMENTS LTD. 113/1, MUDAFA PASCHIM PARA,TONGI,GAZIPUR,1711 MILLENNIUM TEXTILES (SOUTHERN) LTD PLOTBARA #RANGAMATIA, 29-32, SECTOR ZIRABO, # 3, EXPORT ASHULIA,SAVAR,DHAKA,1341 PROCESSING ZONE, CHITTAGONG- MULTI SHAF LIMITED 4223,CHITTAGONG,BANGLADESH NAFA APPARELS LTD HIJOLHATI,
    [Show full text]
  • Popularizing Propaganda Under Party Politics (1927-1937) ---A Case Study of Shenbao Free Talk Lei Qin Washington University in St
    Washington University in St. Louis Washington University Open Scholarship Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations Arts & Sciences Summer 8-15-2017 Between Political Tendentiousness and Mass Media: Popularizing Propaganda under Party Politics (1927-1937) ---A Case Study of Shenbao Free Talk Lei Qin Washington University in St. Louis Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/art_sci_etds Part of the Comparative Literature Commons, and the Mass Communication Commons Recommended Citation Qin, Lei, "Between Political Tendentiousness and Mass Media: Popularizing Propaganda under Party Politics (1927-1937) ---A Case Study of Shenbao Free Talk" (2017). Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1243. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/art_sci_etds/1243 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Arts & Sciences at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS Committee on Comparative Literature Dissertation Examination Committee: Robert E. Hegel, Chair Paul Michael Lützeler, Co-Chair Lingchei Letty Chen Zhao Ma Marvin Marcus Between Political Tendentiousness and Mass Media: Popularizing Propaganda under Party Politics (1927-1937) ---A Case Study of Shenbao Free Talk by Lei Qin A dissertation presented to The Graduate School
    [Show full text]
  • China-Russia Relations in World Politics, 1991-2016
    SEEKING LEVERAGE: CHINA-RUSSIA RELATIONS IN WORLD POLITICS, 1991-2016 by Brian G. Carlson A dissertation submitted to Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Baltimore, Maryland April, 2018 © Brian G. Carlson 2018 All rights reserved Abstract In the post-Soviet period, U.S. policymakers have viewed China and Russia as the two great powers with the greatest inclination and capacity to challenge the international order. The two countries would pose especially significant challenges to the United States if they were to act in concert. In addition to this clear policy relevance, the China-Russia relationship poses a number of problems for international relations theory. During this period, China and Russia declined to form an alliance against the United States, as balance-of-power theory might have predicted. Over time, however, the two countries engaged in increasingly close cooperation to constrain U.S. power. These efforts fell short of traditional hard balancing, but they still held important implications for international politics. The actual forms of cooperation were therefore worthy of analysis using concepts from international relations theory, a task that this dissertation attempts. An additional problem concerned Russia’s response to China’s rise. Given the potential threat that it faced, Russia might have been expected to improve relations with the West as a hedge against China’s growing power. Instead, Russia increased its level of diplomatic cooperation with China as its relations with the West deteriorated. This dissertation addresses these problems through a detailed empirical study of the evolution of China-Russia relations from 1991 to 2016, using the within-case method of process tracing.
    [Show full text]