VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT Republic of the Philippines Province of Ilocos Sur Tagudin Barangay Pula VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT REPORT
Supported by: EPIC DRR project
“Empowering the Philippine Red Cross (PRC) and their chapters, communities and government institutions to consolidate and replicate inclusive community based disaster risk reduction in seven provinces in the Philippines”
Philippine Red Cross – Ilocos Sur Chapter
2017
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i. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This document is developed with the efforts of the Philippine Red Cross supported by the German Red Cross and Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), Germany through the EPIC DRR Project. The VCA Team would like to express their deepest gratitude to the Holy God for the guidance during the whole process of the Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment conducted at Barangay Pula, Tagudin, Ilocos Sur.
The VCA Team would also like to have this opportunity to express their deepest gratitude to all the Community Members of Barangay Pula for actively participating to all the tools especially to the Barangay Officials headed by Barangay Captain Reynaldo Pera. Their full support and time made the activity a success.
The VCA Team would also like to thank the Barangay Officials for the time and effort they have given in conducting the actual data gathering and analysis of the data, sharing their expertise, genuine guidance and endless encouragement to the people of the barangay during the VCA Process.
Moreover, the team would also like to offer sincere thanks to the Local Government Unit of Tagudin, Barangay Local Government Unit of Pula, for providing the team with all the necessary facilities and data which was used for the Analysis Tools.
Lastly, the VCA Team would like to extend the deepest gratitude to the Philippine Red Cross – Ilocos Sur Chapter Officer in Charge, Raymund Mario Chan, and the whole PRC-Ilocos Sur Chapter Family, for their endless support, time and understanding to make the activity and the project always a success.
Thank you very much!
2 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT ii. GLOSSARY
BDRRMP – Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan BDRRMC - Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Committee CSOs – Civil Society Organizations GRC – German Red Cross LGU – Local Government Unit MRF – Material Recovery Facility NGO – Non-Government Organization PRC – Philippine Red Cross VCA – Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment BFP – Bureau of Fire Protection NAWASA – National Water and Sewerage Authority LBM – Loose Bowel Movement
3 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT Contents
1. INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE ...... 5 2. PLACE AND TIME OF THE VCA...... 5 3. BACKGROUND INFORMATION / COMMUNITY PROFILE...... 6 4. GENERAL CLIMATE CONDITIONS...... 7 5. GENERAL SOCIO- ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE LAST 5 YEARS...... 7 6. INFRASTRUCTURES, BASIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES ...... 7 7. GOVERNANCE...... 8 8. OBJECTIVES OF THE VCA ...... 9 9. VCA PROCESS ...... 9 10. FINDINGS...... 12 11. GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS...... 21 CHALLENGES LESSONS LEARNED AND BEST PRACTICES...... 21 12. ATTACHMENTS...... 22
4 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT 1. INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE
Vulnerability-Capacity Assessment (VCA) is a method of investigation into the risks that people face in their locality, their vulnerability to those risks and their capacity to cope with and recover from disasters. Its purpose is to increase community members’ awareness of risk and help them to plan activities for reducing vulnerability and increasing capacity before a disaster.
VCA is a tool that enables local priorities to be identified and leads to the design of actions that contribute to disaster reduction. Thus, VCA is an integral part (but not the only part) of disaster risk reduction that can contribute to the creation of Community-based disaster preparedness programmes. For this, VCA should result in actions that community members can undertake and lead themselves.
VCA is conducted using participatory approach, which facilitate to gather information and evaluate which can be used in decision making of the community to be able to respond or recover from disaster. This can also be used for recommendation purposes for the community to ask for assistance in small scale mitigation project for the barangay. It is expected the Government and non-government partners to use this to work together to strengthen Disaster Risk Reduction in every community.
This Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA) was conducted in Barangay Pula during the month of December. More than 40 people participated from the barangay. All those participants represent various groups including senior citizens, barangay officials, 4Ps, religious groups and youth and they were able to identify their risks posed by various hazards and means of mitigating those risks.
This report presents the main outputs of the Vulnerability Capacity Assessment of the community, its possible solutions through action plan.
2. PLACE AND TIME OF THE VCA Place Region One (1)
Province ILOCOS SUR
Municipality/ City TAGUDIN CITY
Barangay PULA
Date
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Data gathering: December 4-5, 2017
Report preparation: January to July 2018
3. BACKGROUND INFORMATION / COMMUNITY PROFILE
3.1 Geography and topography of the barangay The barangay has a total land area of 766,960 hectares and is bounded by Barangay Cabaroan on the north; Ipet Sudipen, La Union on the south; Barangay Ambalayat on the east; and Barangay Bio on the West. 3.2 History of the barangay Long time ago, Barangay Pula was merely occupied by huge trees, herbs, shrubs and many other different kinds of plants. It was discovered by a man from San Ildefonso, Ilocos Sur, who came to the area in search for fertile land to till. On his way, he passed through the rivers of Amburayan and Chico which meet at a certain part of the river that form a deep part and wide fresh water where different kinds of fish and edible species thrive. Because of this sufficiency, charm and freshness of the river, he hurriedly dug the soil and found a rich loamy clay type of soil suitable for farming. He hurriedly went back to San Ildefonso to tell his family and relatives that he had finally found the land they were looking for. The man and his family went back to the fertile land and built their homes and started cultivating the lands. Until one day, when they were having their lunch at the fields, the red juice of their yiand “simmered crab” accidentally dripped to the soil. One member of the family had noticed that the juice of the simmered crab and the soil are alike in color. In Ilocano Dialect he said “amang Kiaqtem Didyay Daga Kasla Pula ti Kappi” Since then the fertile land was named “Pula” due to the red color of the soil and as red as that of the juice of the crabs that are caught in the fresh waters of rivers. 3.3 Demography of the barangay
Demography Barangay Pula, Municipality/City, Province Number of Families 112 Number of Household 115 Population 640 Male 324 Female 316 Number of Children (below18 Male Female yrs)
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Number of person with disability Male Female Number of Elderly (above 60 Male Female yrs) Ethnicity and Religion: Most of the people are Roman Catholic and few are Iglesia ni Cristo Remarks no breakdown of male and female
4. GENERAL CLIMATE CONDITIONS 4.1 Present climate The barangay experiences wet and dry season during the past and present. At present, they esperince increase in temperature and the timing of rainfall is earlir compared in the past. 4.2 Climate 30 years ago The climate in the past is cooler in relation ot temperature. Rainfall and typhoon intensity is lighter.
5. GENERAL SOCIO- ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE LAST 5 YEARS
5.1Livelihood The major income generation of the community is mainly on farming, fishing, stone painting and crafts of baskets, jar and lampshades. There are also store owners, vendors and tricycle drivers 5.2Education There is a day care center in the barangay. For primary schooling, there is a nearby elementary school namely Ag-Aguman Elementary School. 5.3Health care situation (men/ women) Basic infrastructures present in the barangay are Barangay Hall, warehouse for some equipment, Tanod Outpost, Daycare Center and Health Center. Almost all of the residents of the barangay are Roman Catholic and there are only few who belong to Iglesia ni Cristo and Born again. There are no Indigenous people living within the barangay. 6. INFRASTRUCTURES, BASIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES Description Number Location
Barangay hall 1 Center of the Barangay
Ware House for the Equipment 1 “
Tanod out post 1 “
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Day Care Center 1 “
Health Center 1 “
Barangay plaza 1 "
7. GOVERNANCE 1. BARANGAY OFFICIALS Name of Officials Position/Committee on: Reynaldo V. Pera Barangay Captain Eduardo P. Pera Barangay Secretary Corazon l. Lubina Barangay treasurer 2. BARANGAY KAGAWAD Villamor L. Lustina, Sr Barangay Kagawad Rogelio N. Lorenzana “ Jonathan P. Espiritu “ Ferdinand B. Lanoria “ Antonio P. Pera “ Jennifer R. Quilacio “ 3. BARANGAY TANOD Virgillio T. Pera BARANGAY TANOD Marvin D. Lustina “ Emigio E. Letran “ Renato S. Mon “ Salvador Almiñe “ Reynaldo Tatoy “ Elpidio Lustina “ Ariel Oligario “ Jessie Arnoza “ 4. BARANGAY NUTRITION SCHOLAR Maricel D. Pera BNS 5. BARANGAY HEALTH WORKER Mary Jane Balala BHW Lourdes Tatcho “ Julieta Barroga “
8 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT 8. OBJECTIVES OF THE VCA
8.1 Primary objectives The purpose of this assessment is to identify and address the objectives of Disaster Risk Reduction Management promoting a Disaster Resilient Community by increasing Disaster Risk awareness within the communities of Tagudin, Ilocos Sur. The purpose is to increase community members’ awareness of risk and help them to plan activities for reducing vulnerability and increasing capacity before a disaster or to cope with or recover from disaster
8.2 Specific objectives The specific objectives of this activity are that at the end of the VCA activity: 1. To identify the different capacities of the communities and subject to improved, hazards and risk factors identified for them to minimize, mitigate or prevent 2. The disaster risk awareness of the community in Barangay Pula is increased and able to aware of the health problems that may arise during disaster 3. To clearly define the roles and responsibilities of communities to prepare for, managing and respond to disasters by establishing BDRRM Committee/Council and formulating BDRRM Plan 4. The partnership between and among the LGUs, CSOs and PRC is strengthened 5. To enhance the level of awareness of the residents about the experiencing risk and challenges brought about different hazards, obstacles, needs and issues in the community. 6. To come up with the inclusive study of the community situation. 7. To help the residents produce a better development plan.
9. VCA PROCESS
9.1 Methodology The following steps were followed in the implementation of the actual Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment in the Barangay:
Different tools and method were used in specific activities following the 5 steps (for further detail on the tools used please refer to Annex). Below table summarizes the whole process Stages in the VCA Activities Tools used process
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Preparatory Stage Community visits to understand To generate support the context for planning - Focus Groups and Review of secondary data - Direct Observation commitment from Conduct of stakeholders’ community meeting stakeholders for the Conduct of meetings within the VCA process, and to Philippine Red Cross (PRC) prepare the work plan. chapters Data Gathering Community meetings and To collect needed workshops - Historical Timeline information from the Collection of secondary data - Hazard, Risk and community and from the local government unit Capacity Mapping secondary sources for (LGU) and government offices - Seasonal Calendar VCA analysis. such as the Philippines - Focus Groups Atmospheric, Geophysical, - Interviews Astronomical Services, - Transect Walk Administration (PAGASA), - Direct Observation Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PhiVolcs) and Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) Data Analysis Community meetings for - Hazard, Risk, To interpret the data presentation and validation Vulnerability, Capacity gathered to come up Assessment (HRVCA) with conclusions Matrix pertaining to the - Focus Groups vulnerability and - Pair-Wise Ranking capacity of the - Risk Matrix community. - Problem Tree Analysis Planning Meetings of the Barangay Disaster . To translate the findings Risk Reduction and Management - Pair-Wise Ranking of the VCA into Committee (BDRRMC) and - Problem Tree Analysis actionable plans of the community representatives - Objective Tree Analysis community to reduce - Venn Diagram their risks and - Prescribed BDRRM vulnerabilities. Plan Template Report Writing PRC chapter meetings - VCA Report Template To generate a Writing comprehensive documentation of the VCA process for submission to stakeholders.
10 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT With the cooperation from the Barangay Pula Officials and participation of the community residents, the Philippine Red Cross in cooperation with German Red Cross (GRC) and German Ministry of Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) through its Community-based Disaster Risk Reduction Management (DRRM) Project entitled “Empowering the Philippine Red Cross (PRC) and their chapters, communities and government Institutions to consolidate and replicate inclusive community based disaster risk reduction in five provinces in the Philippines” the following steps were conducted in the implementation of the actual Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment in the Barangay from December 4-5, 2017. a) Coordination to the Local Government Unit of Tagudin, Ilocos Sur on November, 2017. b) Coordination and meeting to the Barangay Officials on November, 2017. c) Actual field data gathering using different tools on December 4, 2017. d) Validation from the field on December 5, 2017. e) Presentation of the findings and planning to the community on March, 2018.
9.2 VCA Team composition
Sl. No Name Designation Responsibility in VCA exercise
1. Rose Ann Fabila Chapter project staff Facilitator
2. Jay-r Altarejos Chapter project staff Support Facilitator
3. Reynart Reyes Chapter project Support Facilitator volunteers
4. Haidee Oliveros Chapter project Support Facilitator volunteers
5. Jay Ann Cato Chapter project Support Facilitator volunteers
6. Marivic Amistad Chapter project Support Facilitator volunteers
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10. FINDINGS
10.1 HAZARD and CAPACITY PROFILE Natural and environmental (types of hazards/ranking of disasters as per damages/losses incurred, time of occurrence, duration, frequency): FLOOD The barangay is near the river especially the road along the barangay hall area. There is no drainage system in the barangay. The level of the dike is low therefore they can easily be flooded. o Livelihood FLOOD/TYPHOON Unable to harvest the crops because of the timing of the typhoon nad the crops are not yet ready to be harvested. Nore often the crops are not resistant to large amount of water. DROUGHT Deep well dries up and there is less alternative sources of water. o Self-protection TYPHOON Lack of awareness because they lack information dissemination. They also misunderstand warnings. o Social protection FLOOD/TYPHOON Lack of preparedness because some of the residents are not aware of the warnings and some still do not take action upon receiving warnings and indtructtions form the barangay officials. FIRE Hot temperature due to the changing weather. Unable to monitor the area near the river wherein fire incidents usually uccors specially in summer. o Well-being FLOOD/TYPHOON Arises of different diseases; (fever, caught, cold, dengue and other skin diseases)
Historical Timeline (example)
Effect/Damages and Responding Year Event/Calamities losses to human life, Activities- Results / Lesson Learnt property, economy, Organization
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environment
1965 Landslide The residents were Barangay Need preparedness scared Officials Residents 1966 Forest Fire Damage to crops BFP Caution 1967 Typhoon Damage to crops, Department Prepare what they need damage to properties of (roof, house) Agriculture Barangay Officials Residents 1968- Forest Fire Damage to crops BFP Caution 1987 1988 Earthquake The residents were Barangay Preparedness scared officials 1989 Forest fire Damage to crops BFP Caution 1990 Earthquake The residents were Barangay Preparedness scared officials 1991- Forest fire Damage to crops BFP Caution 1994 Barangay Plaza A place where the youth can Barangay Community were very play in times of Officials happy special young fiesta people
Municipal Mayor 1995 Health center Near place to have a Barangay Accessibility of free check-up or officials medicines and free consultation checkup to the community 1996 Forest fire Damage to crops BFP Caution 1997 Road Safer and Municipal Easier accessibility to comfortable travel Barangay other community. officials 2005 Deep well The farmers have Municipal Accessibility of water water sources for mayor source their crops 2007 Barangay Enough water source Barangay Accessibility of water Irrigation for their crops Officials source Municipal mayor 2009 NAWASA Safer water source Barangay Easy access to water connection for drinking captain source NAWASA company 13 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT
2014 Typhoon Damage to DSWD Being prepared in case properties (houses) Municipal disaster will come Mayor 2015 Maintenance of Cleanliness of the Barangay Peace and order to the clean & green barangay Officials barangay Residents 2016 Tornado Barangay were Barangay Being prepared in case alarmed officials disaster
A. Capacity 11.1 Existing capacities and coping mechanism of communities to prepare for, respond to, and recover from disaster impact o Natural and environmental FLOOD/TYPHOON Presence of early warning devices’ (siren, megaphone and sound system Information Bulletin were regulary updated by the assigned personnel.
FLODD/TYPHOON Presence of trees beside the road that somehow prevents flooding in the area. If there is typhoon, the barangay captain conducts an emergency meeting to all the barangay officials and tanods. Every Purok/Sitio has an assigned kagawad to warn the people in the incoming typhoon. • They also have tools/device like megaphone, siren, life jacket, generator, etc. for early warning system and in case of emergencies. • The community people are aware that they should evacuate before the flood but some of them are not listening. • The Barangay Officials and Barangay Tanod attended several trainings and seminars as part of their preparedness. DROUGHT Presence of water pump to some areas within the barangay although water supply is minimal. Type of the ground;(clay soil) Strategy in seasonal planting is starting to be adapted. Using drought resistant variety of crops or resistant to large amount of water. Distribution of seedlings and fertilizer by the LGU. FLOOD/TYPHOON Active barangay officials that always providing support to the whole community.
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Create temporary water ways to facilitate good flow of flood water therefore, water will not accummolate much within the area. Bayanihan system is very well observed. o Well-being: Presence of free medical and medicine to the barangay healt center The community people have identified that the most common illnesses of barangay that they experienced are cough, fever and LBM. • Every Friday they have free check-up and BP in their barangay health center and vaccination, monthly monitor and Operation timbang for children. • In the month of August and September (rainy month) they are conducting a cleaning operation and spraying in schools in order to prevent dengue. Water and Sanitation • Source of drinking water of most households comes from mineral and some are in their hand pump. • There is an ordinance that is being implemented in the community regarding waste segregation. They follow waste segregation and avoid burning wastes. Garbage collection schedule is every Wednesday. o Governance Curfew Ordinance Training and seminars of the barangay officials on climate change
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10.2 HAZARD-RISK-VULNERABILITY-CAPACITY MATRIX
Hazard Risks Elements at Risk Component Vulnerability Capacity
FLOOD Damage to Crops Crops (rice, Livelihood Near the river Create temporary water corn, peanut, No drainage waste vegetables, system banana, trees) Low dike level Presence of trees beside Road Damage to the road Infrastructures Social Protection TYPHOON Damage to Roofs, houses Self- Some people do Presence of early properties protection not aware warning devices’ (siren, Lack of megaphone and sound preparedness system Information Bulletin Active barangay officials Training and seminar of the barangay officials on climate change
Distribution of seedlings and fertilizer
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Unable to harvest the crops Damage to crops Crops (rice, corn, peanut, vegetables Livelihood and trees DROUGHT Damage to Crops Crops (rice, Livelihood Deep well dries up Presence of water pump corn, peanut, Type of ground Strategy in seasonal vegetables Distribution of planting seedlings and fertilizer FIRE Damage to Trees and Social Hot-temperature Bayanihan system plants and trees Plants Protection Non-monitoring of the area
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10.3 HAZARD PRIORITATION
Pair wise ranking The community members have the opportunity to voice out their own judgment to identify the priority hazard. The VCA Team explained the process of the analysis tool and was understood by all the participants. The hazards that were compared are flood, typhoon, drought, soil erosion, and fire. The result of the comparisons is as follows: Typhoon acquired the most points (16) among the other hazards in terms of severity, area affected, impact to people and frequency. Drought came to second with 11 points Flood and Soil erosion came next with the same points (5). Flood affects only the Southern portion of the barangay, while Soil Erosion occurs only on the riverside. Fire has the least score of (3) among the 5five hazards identified and it has least impact to the community members.
Risk Matrix HAZARD: Typhoon LEAST MINOR MODERATE SEVERE CRITICAL CERTAIN HIGH LIKELY damage to crops LIKELY damage to properties POSSIBLE UNLIKELY
According to the HRVC matrix, Typhoon has 2 identified risks which are (1) damage to properties, and (2) damage to crops. Damage to crops is identified to be at severe risk and is possible to happen. The community will be greatly affected since a large portion of the land is used for farming. Damage too properties is considered at moderate risk and is high likely to occur.
10.4 PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS OF PRIORITIZED HAZARD 18 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT A. Problem tree The result from the Pair Wise and Risk Ranking, the community focused on the damage to crops due to typhoon. The community identified 3 vulnerabilities that may have been the reason of damage to crops if there is a typhoon. Crops not yet ready to be harvested Rain waters are accumulated Unexpected intensity of typhoon
Variety of crops are affected if there is a sudden onset of rain, and most likely to be damaged if there is an occurrence of an intense typhoon. The crops are prone to be flooded by accumulated rain waters because there is a lack of drainage system in the community.
When their crops will be damaged due to typhoon, there will be lesser harvested products for the farmers. It may also force the farmers to borrow from other people, although it may be impossible for them to pay back. Damaged crops may also result to food shortage which may lead to famine, and further cause theft or worse, death.
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B. Objective Tree
The main objective is to lessen the number of damaged crops. They determined few activities and capacities to meet the desired goal including the establishment of a Flood Control wherein they will be making a resolution and ask for the assistance from the local government.
Other activities are to harvest the crops before the typhoon, plant varieties of crops that are easier to harvest, and to make a proper timing for planting certain crops wherein they will be monitoring the weather. They will further capacitate the community members through seminars and trainings such as to be requested from the Department of Agriculture. If the goal is met through the identified capacities and activities, there will be lesser number of sick family members; there will be greater number of harvested crops and more income for the people. Therefore, there will be more food for the people, they will be happier and richer, and finally a progressive community.
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11. GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS o FLOOD . Use crops that are resistant to large amount of water. . Extablish drainage system.. . Iinitiate traionings and seminars for alternative livelihood. . Increase the level of dike. o TYPHOON . Strengthen information dissemination . Reinforce cooperastion of the community people, . Increase awareness of the community in relation to warnings and preaparedness. . Encourage support form the LGU to maximize resources. . Monitoring the crops and harvest prior to the hit of typhoon. o DROUGHT . Creation of additional deep well near the farmlands. . Acquisition of additional water pumps . Trainings and seminars about different variety of crops that are drought resistant from Department of Agriculture. . Enroll on crop insurance o FIRE . Closely monitor the area . Creation of deep well near the area . Strengthen partnership with BFP.
CHALLENGES LESSONS LEARNED AND BEST PRACTICES CHALLENGES o The VCA team have difficulty reaching the barangay due to the distance and the pathways of some roads have eroded. o It is a challenge to gain the participation of the community members and retain their attention. o The level of understanding of the participants on the tools. LESSONS LEARNED o Explain the activity and the tools in simple terms and words. o Constant monitoring of the participants and guiding them in doing the tools. o Verify to other members of the VCA Team if there are confusion with other data. BEST PRACTICES o The good partnership with the LGU made the activity more convenient. They allowed us to use their vehicle. o The community members show willingness to learn and very welcoming to the VCA team.
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o The acceptance of the community members strengthen the partnership between the PRC and the community.
12.ATTACHMENTS
VCA TOOLS
Spot Map and Hazard map 22 | P a g e VULNERABILITY AND CAPACITY ASSESSMENT
Transect walk Seasonal Calendar
Venn Diagram
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HRVC Matrix
Pair Wise ranking Risk Matrix
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Problem tree analysis objective tree analysis
Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment of Project Barangays in Tagudin, Ilocos Sur Barangay Pula - December 4 & 5, 2017
During the data gathering at Barangay Pula, community members and barangay officials as they actively make their output with the assistance of the VCA Facilitators from the PRC
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One of the community participant as he During the data analysis, the facilitators as presents the hazard overlay of their they do the risk ranking barangay
During the problem tree analysis facilitated Group Picture with Barangay Pula by one of the VCA facilitator
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