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External Monitoring Report on Indigenous Peoples Safeguards Philippines: KALAHI-CIDSS National Community- Driven Development

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External Monitoring Report on Indigenous Peoples Safeguards Philippines: KALAHI-CIDSS National Community- Driven Development External Monitoring Report on Indigenous Peoples Safeguards Final Report June 2018 Philippines: KALAHI-CIDSS National Community- Driven Development Project Prepared by Jane DC. Austria-Young for the Department of Social Welfare and Development and the Asian Development Bank 1 ABBREVIATIONS ADB Asian Development Bank ACT Area Coordinating Team ADSDPP Ancestral Domain Sustainable Development and Protection Plan CADC Certificate of Ancestral Domain Claim CADT Certificate of Ancestral Domain Title CDD Community Driven Development CEAC Community Empowerment Activity Cycle CEF Community Empowerment Facilitator CNO Certification of Non-Overlap CP Certification Precondition DSWD Department of Social Welfare and Development ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan FPIC Free Prior Informed Consent GRS Grievance Redress System HAGURA Hanunuo Gubatnon Ratagnon IPPF Indigenous Peoples Planning Framework IP Indigenous Peoples IPP Indigenous Peoples Plan KII Key Informant Interview KC-NCDDP Kapit-Bisig Laban sa Kahirapan (Linking Arms against Poverty)– Comprehensive and Integrated Delivery of Social Services (KALAHI–CIDSS) National Community-Driven Development Project LGU Local Government Unit MIAC Municipal Inter-Agency Committee MIBF Municipal Inter-Barangay Forum M&E Monitoring and Evaluation MCT Municipal Coordinating Team NCIP National Commission on Indigenous Peoples NPMO National Program Management Office NTWG National Technical Working Group RPMO Regional Program Management Office RTWG Regional Technical Working Group SRPMO Sub-Regional Program Management Office TA Technical Assistance This external monitoring report is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. EXTERNAL MONITORING FOR INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT AND LAND ACQUISITION, RESETTLEMENT AND REHABILITATION ......... 5 A. Background ................................................................................................................................. 5 B. Approach and Methodology ...................................................................................................... 5 C. Brief Description of the Indigenous Peoples in the Monitoring Sites ................................. 7 II. HIGHLIGHTS OF KC-NCDDP PROCESSES FOR SAFEGUARDING THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES—SECOND SEMESTER EXTERNAL MONITORING ............................ 8 III. APPRECIATING THE BIG PICTURE: FACILITATING CDD IN THE CONTEXT OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES ......................................................................................................................... 9 A. Implementation of IP Safeguards in KC-NCCDP ................................................................ 10 B. Compliance with IP Safeguards: Empirical Findings Based on the Sites Visited .......... 12 C. Impact Assessment Based on KC-NCDDP Project Outputs ............................................. 15 IV. CHALLENGES IN IMPLEMENTING IP SAFEGUARDS IN KC-NCDDP ............................ 22 A. Revisiting the Results of the First Semester External Monitoring ..................................... 22 B. Key Issues ................................................................................................................................. 25 1. Program Design ........................................................................................................................ 26 a. Lack of an Overall Institutional and Policy Framework for Engaging Indigenous Peoples .............................................................................................................................................. 26 b. Insufficient Time for Quality Facilitation ................................................................................ 26 2. Challenges................................................................................................................................. 27 a. Lack of Capacity of NCIP to Handle the Size and Scope of the Project.......................... 27 b. Uncertain Peace and Order Situation ................................................................................... 29 c. Indigenous Peoples Are Not Viewed as Equals by Non-IPs ............................................. 29 d. Challenge of Collecting Culture Sensitive Data that Accurately Describe the Situation of Indigenous Peoples ..................................................................................................................... 30 V. OVERALL ASSESSMENT .............................................................................................................. 30 VI. RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................................................... 31 A. Institutionalize Best Practices Integrating IP Perspectives in KC-NCDPP by Approving and Implementing the Proposed DSWD IP Framework ................................................................. 31 B. Document Innovations in Facilitating CDD in the Context of Indigenous Peoples ........ 32 1. Partnership with NCIP ............................................................................................................. 32 2. Improving the Accuracy of Data Based on the Cultural Realities of Indigenous Peoples 33 3. Ensure the Commitment of LGUs to Improve the Situation of Indigenous Peoples in their Municipality or Barangay ............................................................................................................ 33 4. Improve Compliance with Environment and Social Safeguards ....................................... 34 3 C. Recommendations for the Asian Development Bank ......................................................... 34 1. Develop Guidance on How to Apply Social Safeguards Policies in CDD Operations ... 34 2. Develop a Capacity Building Program for the Executing Agency Focused on Safeguards Implementation ................................................................................................................ 34 3. Conduct Ethnographic Studies ............................................................................................... 35 4. Provide Technical Assistance to NCIP ................................................................................. 35 Annex 1: Inception Report ...................................................................................................................... 36 Annex 2: List of Persons Met ................................................................................................................. 45 Annex 3: Photo Documentation ............................................................................................................. 52 TABLES Table 1: Activities Conducted in Davao Region Table 2: Activities Conducted in Bicol Region Table 3: Activities Conducted in Caraga Region Table 4: Types of Subprojects in the Monitoring Sites Table 5: Number of Indigenous Peoples Households in the Monitoring Sites Table 6: IP Participation Rate in Barangay Assemblies Table 7: List of Issuance of Certificate of Pre-Condition Table 8: Overall Project Rating BOXES Box 1: The Case of the Mam-on Manobo: The Process of Acquiring a Tribal Hall Box 2: Stories from the Field: How the Project Built the Capacity of the Project Participants Supplementary Document Field Visit Report (Bicol and Caraga) 4 I. EXTERNAL MONITORING FOR INDIGENOUS PEOPLES AND INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT AND LAND ACQUISITION, RESETTLEMENT AND REHABILITATION A. Background 1. Kapitbisig Laban sa Kahirapan-Comprehensive and Integrated Delivery of Social Services National Community-Driven Development Program (KC-NCDDP) is a poverty alleviation program of the national government implemented by the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD). The overall objective of KC-NCDDP is to empower communities in target municipalities to achieve improved access to basic services and to actively participate in inclusive local planning, budgeting, project implementation, and disaster risk reduction and management. The KC-NCDDP National Program Management Office has engaged the services of a consultant on indigenous peoples to conduct an external monitoring review of the program’s compliance with indigenous people’s safeguards. The external monitoring focused on subprojects in areas where KC-NCDDP is supported by funds from the Asian Development Bank. 2. The sites visited during the second semester external monitoring were in Regions V, XI, and XIII. The consultant used internal monitoring data as well as primary data gathered during field visits to assess whether IP safeguards procedures and objectives were met. External monitoring is essential to assess the impact of four areas: community participation, subproject utility and sustainability, accountability and transparency, and also to appraise institutional impacts at the barangay and municipal levels. The external monitoring for indigenous peoples safeguards has the following objectives: (i) Evaluate the relevance of all Indigenous Peoples Plan (IPP) activities and determine whether they effectively minimize and mitigate any adverse project impacts
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