HIGHWAY✓n ovE:-m s�R . 1938 ADVENTURE OF THE OPEN ROAD. NORMAN G. WALLACE is You skim swiftly along on Highway 66 between Winslow and Flagstaff, through a land of distant horizons, where the world stretches endlessly around you and about you. Far, far away is the noise and bustle of the big city. Here there bigness and mystery and always adventure ahead
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Long before the era of modern Arizona highways, and J the streamlined decade of the 20th century, man managed to get about somehow. Along about 1907 and 1908, the gas buggy came along to scare Grandpop's horses. Left, we have a swanky affair. Could you name the make of the car, and could some of you old timers around Winslow name the occupants? To Lloyd C. Henning of Holbrook are we indebted for this pictorial relic of long ago.
"Golden. Shell!" I scream • • • "Go there yourself!" he splutters And then there was the age before the gas buggy. Old Tombstone depended Mr. Bruggle can't hardly hear it upon the stage coach to carry travelers your engine, if your oil is sluggish, to and from Tucson. This photograph thunder. it don't get up out of the crank (right) was taken in Tombstone in the But I didn't know that, the first case-" '80's. The drivers were versatile and "I am NOT cranky!" he shouts, daring men, who had to protect their time he drives in. I flashmy "wel passengers and baggage from bandits come" smile and he says, "Check mad by now. and Indians. We of today might laugh the oil." I struggle on: "Look, you only derisively at such modes of travel have to pay 25¢ for a quart of but it must have been fun. 1t·took sturdy "You're low," I report, in a min drivers, sturdy horses, and sturdy pas ute. Golden Shell Oil-GOLDEN sengers to stand the trip. SHELL," I scream. "Then I don't need any," he • • answers. "You go there yourself," he • splutters, and drives off. "No, no"-I shout-"It's way That's how I got in bad with down!" Mr. Bruggle and had to write him "Who's a clown..?" he frowns a letter to explain things. I got a back at me. • chance to tell him how fast Golden • • I sail on, louder, while people Shell'. flows, tod_.:.:v.:;ithout him passing by stop to listen. shoutin' back at me. Now we're "It's not only low, but you need good friends, and he calls me the But here we have a transportational oil that flowsfast. When you start slick salesman-· get it? mode (left) that the mines of Tombstone required when Tombstone was young and tough and the mines there vomited rich Sincerely, silver ore. This is an ore train picture taken near Tombstone about 1880-cen turies ago compared to our big trucks of today, rolling along surfaced high ways. The ore trains took months to reach their destination-and the drivers always slept with their rifle ready. It was a hard life and a short life-but the stakes were high.• • •
DOVE:ffiBE:R, 1938 3 THE WINTER SEASON IS STARTING IN ARIZONA November Notations ARIZONA HIGHWAYS Old Hungry Winter is already moving into the east. Hur The winter season in Arizona is that season from November OVEMBER is a month full of football games, Thanks PUBLISHED IN iHE INTEREST OF GOOD ROADS BY THE ricanes and floods are causing havoc along the eastern seaboard, to May when thousands and thousands of people from all over giving, the Fiesta del Sol, Helzapopin and glorious ARIZONA HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT a grim reminder of the bitter cold blasts that are to come. the United States will visit our state to escape the fury that N weather for Arizona. You will have to budget your time, RAYMOND CARLSON,EDITOR Summer is still with us in Arizona, and Winter has in less fortunate climes. and stint on your rest, but you will be too busy to grow old. CIVILIZATION FOLLOWS THE IMPROVED HIGHWAY Two of our pieces this month are devoted in the central and southern parts of the It means that veritably a new and ONE DOLLAR PER YEAR to the Fiesta del Sol and Helzapopin. If 10c PER COPY state there is no sign yet that even Au strange population will move in to enjoy you would care to read -them you would � tumn is preparing for her gracious arrival. our sunshine, to participate in our daily get a general idea of how Arizona goes ADDRE'.55 ALL COMMUNICATIONS TO ARIZONA HIGHWAYS. ARIZONA In the northern parts of the state and in life, to be of us and with us for months to town. HIGHWAY DEPARTMENT. PHOENIX, ARIZONA the mountains, the aspen are turning a during the year. -•- PRINTED IN THE U. S. A. It isn't sufficient, it seems, for Coco golden brown and up on the highest crags We welcome these visitors, not be-' nino county to have enough natural won VOL. VIV. NOVEMBER, 1938 No. 11 mild frost has been reported. The seasons cause their presence can be measured in ders and scenic masterpieces to fill a come and go in Arizona quietly and gent many dollars and cents, but because we couple of continents. Some one comes R. C. STANFORD, GOVERNOR OF ARIZONA ly, without the thunderous, cacophonous, are proud of our state and proud and along and opens up a strange under ground cavern that may someday rival ARIZONA STATE HIGHW'A.Y COMMISSION stentorian bustle of an enraged, hurrying happy to share it with those who come to SHELTON G. DOWELL, E. C. SEALE, old Carlsbad. Fred Guirey, who has Chairman, Douglas Commissioner, Prescott force. Old Mother Nature works softly live among us. •·� charge of prettying up the roads with J. W. ANGLE, JOHN M. SCOTT, Vice-Chairman. Tucson Commissioner. Holbrook and moves with light and airy footsteps If you want to spend your time loafing about a cow ranch · verdure and stuff in this state, deals at R. G. LANGMADE, M. L. WHEELER. in this Land of Sun and Enchantment. in overalls and boots, we have just what you want. If you go length with the Coconino Caverns. And Commissioner. Phoenix Secretary, Phoenix A. R. LYNCH, Assistant Attorney General, Special Counsel In the middb�est and Pacific north in for swankier habitats, there are resort hotels world famed, Jim Kinter joins the family circle again with a discussion of the sloth caves found in the Grand Canyon above Pierce's HOWARD s. REED,STATE HIGHWAY ENGINEER west in November, the good citizens are examining their snow where excellent golf courses are laid dow� outside your window, Ferry. We have difficulty keeping up with such s_t�ble and plows and snow shovels, their go)oshes and heavy underwear and where the service is fit for a king, and the last word in recognized wonders as the Grand Canyon and Petrified For for the winter that will surely, inexorably arrive one day with efficiency. est; now we have t9 keep up with strange things to see under freezing temperatures, icy streets, cold cutting And when you come to Arizona for the winter, if you wish the ground and high up in steep cliffs. This is a crazy quilt state. • In Arizona November signals in the mountains Autumn's to travel about in the sun, if you wish to visit the scenic won winds. -•- careless arrival and in the central and southern parts of the ders of the most scenic land on earth you will find the finest And speaking of the Petrified Forest, we should turn now TABLE OF CONTENTS state the evident information that summer is just getting ready highways on earth ready to serve you-broad highways of to Mrs. White Mountain Smith's description of that portion for reluctant departure. happy traveling, your servants to command. of wonderland. Strange things, those beautiful stony logs. TRAVEL MODES OF YESTERDAY...... 3 They set you to thinking about ageless time, and the patience We Arizonans know that Winter is approaching, not by And remember too: when the snows of winter are the of the ages. PETRIFIED FOREST: the climate, but by the calendar. We know that inquiries deepest in other states, and the wintry chill is the most piercing; -•- National Mounment or Park?...... 6 are being made in greater proportions than ever for ranch and when the mercury in the thermometer attains that terrifying We are quite excited about Stephen Shadegg's account of hotel reservations. Our resort hotels are opening. In the mark that spells freezing weather of the most disheartening "The Highway to New Enchantment." We have been going FIESTA DEL SOL-1938 ...... 8 streets of Phoenix and Douglas automobiles bearing out-of-state kind, that out here in Arizona you can pick oranges from the blithely on ignoring the importance of our own highroad 89. COCONINO CAVERNS ...... 10 license plates are appearing in greater numbers. trees and absorb your sunshine direct from the magnificent Sol, And all of a sudden we find ourselves in an international traffic jam practically hemmed between Canada and Mexico. The winter season, by all the signs, is starting in Arizona. that holds regal sway over the Land of Sun and Enchantment. By next summer this international highway will be paved HELZAPOPIN-.YEAH ! MAN! ...... 12 from stem to stern. You good people up there in Idaho, Montana, and the Pacific Northwest should come down to ARIZONA'S "DESERT BEAR" ...... 14 Arizona this winter and spend a couple of months loafing in the sun. It will be a grand trip.-•- THE HIGHWAY TO NEW ENCHANTMENT ...... 16 A bit on Stan and the Brewery Gulch Gazette, a few lines SAGE AND SAGA IN SAGEBRUSH...... 18 on the Hubbell family, and something or other about cotton seems to fill the bill. We have a couple TWO STUDIES OF PICTORIAL ARIZONA...... 20-31 of pictorials (mid-book) that we feel are quite nice and the old reliable Norman G. DEER HUNTING IN KAIBAB ...... 22 Wallace contributes the inside covers. That excellent young man,Floyd Getsin TRANSPORTATION PIONEERS ...... 24 ger,did the cover for us which is apropos ARIZONA-NATIONAL COTTON HOTBED ...... 26 of Fiesta time. That's a nice old Span ish cart trying to grab some of the notice ALONG THE HIGHWAYS AND BYWAYS...... 28 from the swell looking gal. -•- HIGHWAY COMMISSION NOTES ...... 36 Have you been noticing some of Hal Empie's cartoons we have been running? ROAD PROJECTS UNDER CONSTRUCTION ...... 38 We are especially proud of a couple he has submitted for this month. Hal lives ARIZONIQUES ...... Back Cover in Duncan,-•- Arizona. We have heard again from Ferde Grofe, eminent American composer, and we will • have his account of the Grand Canyon UENERAL OFFICE suite in our pages for December. We feel this will be one SID Si\IYTH, J. S. i\IILLS, Deputy State Engineer Engineer of Estimates of the finest things we have been promised and thought you VERNON G. DAVIS, H. C. HATCHEH, might be interested. Vehicle Superintendent Statistical Engineer -•- R. A. HOFFMAN, \VILLIAi\I F. CLARK, • Bridge Engineer Chief Accountant -Our-friend,Charley Smith, Jr;,who h-a;s been with us from E. V. MILLER. 'l'HOMAS HUMANS, time to time with cartoons of risibility-provoking merit has Engineer of Plans Patrol Superintendent J. W. POWERS, had an inspiration that became a poem in blank verse entitled Engineer of Materials ED WEST, "highway incident." In our poor opinion, it really has the F. M. GUIREY, Right of Way Agent oompth! (if that is how you spell it) and you can pass on it in Landscape Engineer W. i\I. MURRAY, R. J. HOLLAND, Purchasing Agent the December issue. A versatile young man, that Smith Engineer of Equipment Superintendent of Stores fellow. SWAN A. ERICKSON, -•- Engineer of Certification Ernest Douglas will continue his story of irrigation in Ari FIELD ENGI:\'EERS zona in the December issue. J. R. VAN HORN. District Engineer District No. 1 F. N. GRANT, District Engineer District No. 2 -•- R. C. PERI
the people of the Southwest a feeling of For the 1938 Fiesta, the Thunderbirds gratitude to the all-powerful sun, and of the Chamber of Commerce, in coopera that the gratitude should be expressed in tion with civic organizations and the cit La Fiesta del Sol. izenry, have planned an even gayer and True, some of the deeply religious feel happier celel:iration. The ing of worship of the sun as a god has streets__ wi'll be more elaborately decorated, costumes will be more brilliant, been lost to be replaced among the en and from present indications the number lightened Mexican population with a of people : participating will be even spirit of gaiety, expressed by the volatile La Casa 1!fanana is th_e center ,of the fun and merriment. Here last year thousands greater. Fiestf! in J:'hoe;tix mea_ns happiness for everyone. The Spanish motif pervades all Latin temperament with singing and danced nightly to choice orchestras. The occasion for the assemblage shown a,bove the city wit_h fies�a gaie_ty and aband?n· Pictured here is a group of employes of a was the 1937 Fiesta broadcast. ( Continueo on Page 30 )' Phoenix business firm bedecked in gay attire during the period of the fiesta. dancing to swift moving, tinkling music, noVE:ffiBE:R, 193,8 8 fl.RIZODfl. HIGHWfl.YS 9 joyed Arizona long before our time. To flights in the early evening, a spectacle attempt to enumerate all of the things common to so many caves. worth seeing would take so much space The first chamber is not particularly that we would run out of room long be exciting except for its size, but the sec fore our task was through. ond chamber, extending back into the rock Many of us who have lived here for for some eight hundred feet, gives a clue years have seen only limited portions of to what we may expect. In width it what Arizona offers, so it is not unrea varies from eighty to one hundred fifty sonable to believe that there are still feet, while the height averages about sixty many natural wonders here that none of feet. Its portal is of richly colored lime us has seen. The latest of these to be stone, running from a pure white to brought to light is Coconino Caverns. deep red-orange. In numerous places About seven years ago, some Mexican along its walls are formations resembling sheep herders discovered a well-like open huge masses of old-fashioned ginger root, ing on the surface of the hills some stalactites, draped forms and small crys twenty miles west of Seligman, and about tals which gleam in the light of a car two miles, by road, south of U. S. 66. bide lamp. The entrance to this chamber The find was not made public, but ex is badly cluttered with large rock, and ploration was started which led to the debris which has scaled off the ceiling. finding of caverns that may some day Some of this has been brought about by rival Carlsbad. From the surface, this blasting- necessitated in opening the well drops vertically for about three chamber-and will require a e-ood deal hundred feet, at which point it branches of labor in its removal before the caverns out into a series of rooms, cut from solid are safe for the public. limestone. The first of these chambers The third chamber, reached by means at the bottom of the shaft is about 250 of a ladder, is even more exciting than feet long, 100 feet wide, and 75 feet high. the second. Its walls are lined with a This in turn leads to another room, which crystalline formation known as "snow." On the exterior, this substance presents we will call the second. From the floor toS00 other feet cavernsto the b obelow,ttom, stbecause,raight d owevenn of the first chamber another or third when running full, it never overflows the chamber is reached by means of a shaft. aperture into which it plunges. To date, Now that we have a fair idea of the little exploration' of this channel has been layout of the place, let's look around a made, due to large boulders which ob little more in detail. Our entrance shaft, struct the passage in their removal. How which was about thirty feet across at ever, a shaft, now twenty feet in depth, the opening, tapers gradually as we de is being sunk through the floor of one of scend, until it is not much more than the chambers in the hope of opening new ten feet at the base. Its walls are com rooms below. Should this prove success posed of rock loosely bound by clay, ful, a great deal of difficult work will be which turns to mud when reached by eliminated. STAN WAKEFIELD water. Persons descending the shaft dur You know, there is something extremely is ing a rain are splashed by a muddy cas interesting in crawling over rocks which cade of small rocks, earth and water. fell from a ceiling hundreds of years ago, The largest chamber found to date-800 feet f- rom end to end, 80 to 15fJ wide and av-era-yes 60 feet high. The ladder 1:40 in stirring dust that has lain quietly feet from the camera and 90 feet long, though its upper 50 feet are hidden by the ceiling. Walls on the right are white as snow. Running outward and upward from the surface of the wall are numerous blow through the ages. Yes, interesting, and holes-round, and smoothly surfaced, and exciting, too, for there is always just a an ideal roost for bats. Strangely enough, bit of chance that some more of that these particular caves have very few of same rock will decide to come down when these interesting inhabitants. On the day you are under it-unpleasant thought, Coconino Caverns but practical. Too, a cave divorces you we went in, only one was found, and men from the outer world more completely who have worked on the development re 0 THE uninitiated, Arizona is a weird and interesting joshuas, mesquite, than any other place on earth. Its silence port that they have never seen any large land of cactus, Indians, and By F. M. GU.IREY palo verde, and iron wood. The central and darkness are absolute. Seeing the sand, where little vestige of hu plateau region, rich in forests, high moun place in the feeble light of a carbide lamp 7manity exists, and where none tain valleys and wild labyrinths of bril in no way does it justice, though it most but the hardiest of adventurers Landscape Engineer Arizona Highway liant-hued canyons, topped by peaks certainly adds to the eeriness of it. sets forth. To those who know Department which once burst forth with the devil's But we stray from our subject. Coco is her, she is a constant source of enjoy fireworks, flame, smoke and lava. The Debris on a chamber floor. The spongy nino gives another promise of unfound ment, a land with scenery as varied and last great area lies in the northeastern mass at lower left some of the "ginger caverns in its air movement : A constant beautiful as the shifting clouds. Through portion, a land of high plateaus where root." b:i;-eeze with a temperature of fifty-two a strange quirk of nature, the area con forests once stood, but now showing only a surface similar to a beaten egg, laid degrees fahrenheit. fined within the limits of the state pre their petrified remains, protruding from smooth, or the texture of a freshly cut The development in the cavern, while sents as interesting a display of attrac the slowly eroding sandstone which for apple, but on the reverse, in places where still in the embryo, represents many tions as any area of comparable size in ages has covered them. Take these areas chunks have been broken away, the tex hours of hard work. The placing of three the world. Certainly we had no control and subject them to the action of fire, ture is that of thousands of erect crystal hundred feet of stairs and landings in over vast forces that in bygone years wind and water, and you will begin to needles, so close that they resemble a the main shaft is a real job in itself, not divided the state into three distinct and perceive why Arizona is as she is. As solid, airy mass, and so delicate that they to mention some seventy feet of suspended crumble to the touch. Along one side entirely different geographical areas. if this were not enough to produce a stairway into the first chamber. Cramped of this chamber courses a dry stream bed, The lower country with its miles of wonderland, primitive peoples have left quarters obviated the use of machinery, sweeping desert, covered with hundreds interesting structures to bewilder scien which in a rainstorm is filled to ca pacity. Undoubtedly this stream leads (Continued on Page 35) of varieties of cacti, flowering shrubs, tists and show us that others, too, en- Nature's camouflage. Can you find the. A hand-winch, for years the only means entrance? of access to the caverns 11 ARIZOTIA HIGHWAYS TIOVE:ffiBE:R, 1938 This personality is demonstrated in one way by the unique and refreshing "Helzapopin." Each night during the celebration, visi Jiel:zapopin tors are entertained with Spanish music, cowboy and good old "hillbilly" �usic. There is dancing each night and always "fiesta-ing." Visitors can wander through the indus trial exhibits to see what is new for the Y eahl Mani up-and-coming farmer, they can cotton "what really is" cotton.
AY, Mister, have you heard of the Chamber of Commerce and others selves who went to Buckeye and helped about "Helzapopin ?" And have arranging the program promise that the put the 1937 edition of Helzapopin over you heard about �ucke�e, one of tempo of that lilting tune will be the in grand style. the busiest towns m Arizona? tempo for their show. "Helzapopin" originated in 1935 and A feature of Helzapopin is the indus You haven't? Well, you will, There will be no time for knitting, and was sponsored by a committee from the trial display. All principal Salt river i•alley firms participate. Mister ! "Helzapopin !" Yeah ! no room for cranks and gloomy 'Gus-ses." Buckeye Chamber of Commerce and the Aggressive and alert farmers in a rich Man! "Helzapopin !" Yeah ! Man ! Woman's Club of Buckeye. The celebra belt view the latest in farm machinery This presents a theme well worth the The show, "Helzapopin," is the current Before opening their show in Boston tion was for the purpose of raising at Buckeye's Helzapopin. staging of the celebration. laugh-epic on Broadway in New York, September 12, Olson and Johnson wrote money for charity needs and the Com featuring Olson and Johnson, world to Ralph Watkins and Ralph Nuttall, munity Chest in the community during Then, too, there is much fun and frolic. Negotiations are being made for the famed comedians. But before Broadway who with Paul Shoemaker, originated the Already in Buckeye male residents are appearance of some exceptionally out heard about "Helzapopin," it had al idea for the first Helzapopin show in letting their beards grow in preparation standing theater or radio attraction for ready become a western classic and it Buckeye: for the "Helzapopin" show. The Spanish the high spot in the entertainment pro theme is maintained in dress, and it is recalls Buckeye, Arizona, with a Capital "Just wanted you to know that your gram. Last year Olson and Johnson ap an unusual sight to see a modern Ameri "B." hospitality so impressed us last year that _gea_!"�d and entertained and were enter can city with the streets full of stately And this year, Buckeye is throwing we are calling our New York review tained in royal f;;hio;;. This year some cabelleros with formal Spanish beards another "Helzapopin" show that should Helzapopin ...W e have one song in the other equaily able group of stars will be the years of the depression. How well and hundreds of young and elderly ladies be an epic, even greater than last year's show called "Helzapopin" ... There booked. the citizens of Buckeye have succeeded in gay Spanish costume. show that featured Olson and Johnson, are approximately 100 people in the show in their purpose is indicated by the fol Buckeye will be hosts to thousands dur The parade, on opening day of the cele and which set those two· grand gentlemen and just now we are optimistic enough lowing figures : Last year they paid ror ing "Helzapopin" and its a show that bration, is under the watchful supervision of the stage, screen and radio on a "Helz to believe that it might be a hit ...." 14,000 meals for underfed children, they shouldn't be missed. 0 of Stanford Sly of Buckeye. Last year apopin" laugh-jag on the big time in And it is a hit., And all because of the cared for 400 families and transients, • the parade was blocks and blocks long, "Helzapopin !" Yeah ! Man! musical comedy. Richfield Oil company, through official and they sponsored the community Christ passing in review merry celebrants and ''Helzapopin" will be held in Buckeye connections with Olson and Johnson, their mas tree party, which presented gifts, There is an interesting story connected staid industrial floats. Schools in Buck this year on November 16-17-18-19. A last year's radio stars, and because of candy and fruit to 1,600 children. A pub with the origin of the word "Helzapopin." eye and nearby villages are recessed dur parade, starting in Phoenix 011 the 16th the graciousness of the comedians them- lic swimming pool is maintained for the When the lamented Depression was at ing the period of "Helzapopin." Every and in Buckeye with children of the com its very darkest, some of the leaders of man, woman and child in the Buckeye a grand parade re munity, also. Buckeye's business life realized that ways valley takes part in the show. view and banquet on and means would have to be devised "Helzapopin" 'is a The whole town goes slightly mad dur the same day will whereby the community could assist in set the spark to a combined carnival, ing the celebration. Even the stores Miss Gertrude Niesen, one of the guests of the show last year. the relief burden. string of events that circus, industrial ex change their names to such rousing titles will represent four bihit, cotton carnival as Joe's Gyp Joint, La Cantina, Ptomaine The burden was augmented by the pre The celebration sponsors have arrang of the dizziest, mad and county fair. The Tommy's and Gold Gulch General Store. sence of impoverished transients driven ed for the appearance of a mammoth dest four days in Buckeye valley is The Phoenix Chamber of Commerce from the south and middlewest by eco carnival and a three-ring circus. Every t h e entertainment noted for the rich and other Phoenix organizations cooper nomic and natural causes sU:ch as the ness of its lint cotton thing that can possibly be done to assure program of the state ate in every way with the Buckeye resi dust and floods. Less energetic commun the visitor of a grand time is being done. this winter. and the celebration dents in making "Helzapopin" a success. There is never a dull, boring moment at ities would have given up and would have The complete pro pays homage to King Last year special trains carried over 500 Cotton. Each year Buckeye's "Helzapopin." turned to the government helplessly, but gram has not been people from Phoenix along with thous not Buckeye. The folks there decided to do announced, but suf one of the highlights ands going by auto. is the selection of a as much as they could for themselves. fice it to say that An unusual feature of Buckeye's Cotton C a r n i v a I The idea of a celebration or entertain there will be every "Helazpopin" is that there are no ex Queen. The come ment of some sort was agreed upon, and thing from soup to penses. Everyone in Buckeye donates liest girls in the val it was also agreed that to be successful nuts in the way of time and effort to the common cause. ley vie for the honor, entertainment fea The main idea by everyone is to make the celebration had to be novel and dif turing nationally fa and the competition ferent. is always keen, the show a big success. mous stars of screen Buckeye is an unusual town in every And the� finally came the day when and radio and a na Business firms of respect. Only 35 miles from Phoenix, it a name for the celebration had to be tion-wide hook-up. the Salt River valley refuses to bask in the limelight of the selected. is usual in such cases many The theme song exhibit farm wares state's largest city. Its progressive, alert names were suggested but none agreed from the Olson and and implements in upon. Johnson Broadway all p r o p o r t i o n s. citizenry is cooperating one with the The expediency for immediate action show, "Helzapopin," 'Thousands of far other to make Buckeye stand on its own .has been adopted as mers hereby have ad feet. Its future is industrially sound, caused on� member of the deliberating the official song for Last year Olson and Johnson were the principal attractions at Buckeye's Helza vantage to v i e w the town being located in a rich agri King Cotton plays a leading role in group to e.:ic:claim that a decision had to popin. They entertained royally and were entertained royally. Here they are pic Helzapopin. Cotton farmers of the val be reached before "helzapopin." the show in Buckeye tured at the broadcast with members of the Buckeye Chamber of Commerce and everything they may cultural belt with aggressive ranchmen ley are proud of the display of their this year, Officials Woman's club, sponsors of the celebration. soon be purchasing. nearby. It has a personality all its own. cotton in the Helzapopin parade. And th:re you have it. • 12 fl.RIZODfl. HIGHWAYS DOVE.:ffiBE.:R, 1938 13 Guy Edwards, Superintendent of the Boulder Dam Recreational Area and real ly the man partially responsible for the "find," Dr. Lynn L. Hargraves of the Museum of Northern Arizona, Dr. John McGregor of the same institution, and a number of others, met at Pierce Ferry where arrangements had been made for Guy Edwards, Sup't. of Boulder Dam the trip into Grand Canyon by boat. The di�coverers in the sloth cave about Recreational Area (left) and Willis Evans Evans was to be our guide, so, well 75 feet from the entrance. who discovered the sloth caves. loaded with cameras, flash-light bulbs, The heat in the Canyon was almost un and some emergency equipment, we start which was green shale. Above the green bearable ; the perpendicular walls were ed from Pierce Ferry by motor boat. was a thick layer of brownish-red shale. most hazardous to climb even when cool Since the ferry is the entrance to the Receding beyond was a long slope of de but in the summer heat they must have west end of Grand Canyon, it was no composed rock over which was a red wall seemed like trying to scale the oven door time at all until we were traveling be more than 1500 feet high. This was of a huge cook-stove. tween the tremendous walls of the great broken, scarred, and eroded into all sorts What was there to be accomplished if chasm. of caves, hanging cliffs, and polished Evans did reach the mouth of the cave? One might expect Grand Canyon (at rock faces. The whole was topped by a Yet the Indian persisted for he seemed this, the west end) to be narrow like thick strata of white limestone that to know by instinct what he was looking formed the canyon rim. Occasionally, for and the very thing he expected to along the whiteness of the wall, trees of find owed its preservation to the arid considerable height could be seen sil climate and heat that he was now endur houetted against the blue sky. All of this ing. Because it was this very dry, sunny made up a huge rock garden of indescrib climate, that so many world-travelers are r,,ble beauty. enjoying in such increasing numbers, While appreciating its beauty, it is that preserved so well one of the greatest evident that here was a gxeat profile of natural history books Nature ever con- the earth's crust with each individual ceived. layer of rock making a page in geological Too few of us realize as we admire the history. · · · That, evidently, was what the Indian COURTESY, BOULDER DAM RECREATIONAL AREA magnificently-colored walls of Grand Canyon from a boat on Lake Mead, that explorer had seen. He knew, too, that we are looking back millions of years into �fter the Colorado carved this great gash, Here is the ar�tst-scientist's conception of the sloth that lived _in Ran:,part cave centuries ago. The discovery of the cave and it became a natural barrier to all animal the mute testimony found herein recalls another age and is an important chapter in modern man's inquisitive search the history of the world and that possibly into the dim ar/,d mysterious past. by the study of the story held in the fast life in existence there. ness of these and other rock walls, science It would be reasonable to assume that JAMES E. KINTER the exploring parties moved farther and the larger animals would cross the river . farther up the Colorado River until fin will work out the solutions to our climate, our rainfall, our agriculture, in fact, the and also that they would pause, at least ally they were camped at the entrance in times of flood, before attempting to of the great Grand Canyon itself. Here changes, the cause and effect of our en tire mode of living. cross. Furthermore, while waiting for T has been called the greatest it might seem that their work was ended favorable conditions for crossing, these discovery of its kind since the because the 4000 foot walls of the Can One sultry evening late in August of _ 1936, Willis Evans returned to camp at same animals w__p uld be__ap_t_t_o_ se_ek_shelt .M. �· ----- prehistoric man caves were esert yon certainly contained little of interest If such shelters were very satisfactory ''D Pierce Ferry as usual, but his fine brown found in Southern Spain and is save for the sight-seer, geologist, and . eyes were glowing with suppressed excite and quantities of forage were available in Arizona. cactus lover. many animals might remain in the are�'. ment. He had that day worked his way 1 However, it took an Indian with But, as the students finished their Such logic was exciting and our antici- over the last steep rock slide to the mouth the courage born of centuries of facing work of excavating small Indian ruins pation of finding most anything in the of a cave some 400 feet above the high danger, with the surefootedness of a B ear // and chiseling out hieroglyphics, Evans Looking from the shore of Lake Mead newly-discovered cave was keen. water mark, nearly 4000 feet below the mountain sheep, and the keen eye of an day after day quietly came and went toward sloth cave. Arrow marks entrance When about six miles up Lake Mead rim of the plateau, and entered what was eagle, to find it. from his camp at Pierce Ferry. Beyond from Pierce Ferry, we tied our boat ·· to later named Rampart Cave. He would knowing that he was spending his time Boulder, Virgin, and Iceberg Canyons a big rock and began a tortuous climb When Arizona's "little ocean," a title .ot reveal what he had found there but on a boat in the torrid depths of Grand farther west, but instead, its walls were 1 over a rough trail leading to the Mauve fittingly applied to Lake Mead, was in arranged for the entire crew to start C11,nyon, no one knew anything about wide apart, high, and inviting. Its sides limestone. The trail could not have been its infancy, Guy Edwards, Superintend working the next day on a trail that would stepped up like huge staircases reaching what he was doing. half a mile in length yet the last part ent of the Boulder Dam Recreational :ead 'directly to the cave. into the s_ky. Deep side canyons came While on his first scouting trip into was up an almost sheer cliff. Evans, so Area, was much concerned about the The building of the trail was not an down from the rim and the back end of the gorge of the great Canyon, the Mo surefooted, made it up with little diffi geological and archeological material that easy task but a rough trail was put these seemed to culminate into big am doc had seen high above the rapidly-ris culty and assisted the rest of us who car the rising water would cover. He secured through and a short time afterwards, I phitheaters wind-carved into all sorts of ing lake, numerous cave openings in the ried packs. the services of Willis Evans, a Modoc In was privileged to accompany a group immense sculptured objects. otherwise almost sheer walls. To the (Continued on Page 82) dian, who was experienced in exploring who were to inspect the cave and its Between these smaller canyons, which desert country and finding things of average person these would appear to be findings. reach from the rim _to the lake, were great value to scientists. only shallow pockets made by the wind mountains of rock that dropped from the ?up't. Edwards and Willis Evans stand in the face of the wall. N � trails, not Willis Evans in one of the large cham ing _at the entrance of the sloth cave, Evans was employed to explore the bers of the sloth cave. Notice how level rim in first, a sheer wall, then a terrace. looking down on Lake Mead in Grand shoreline of Lake Mead, which was soon even game trails, led to these ; instead, the debris has been tromped by the sloth. On the terraces were scattered growths Canyon. to be submerged, and as quickly as pic steep cliffs and rocks slides of consider· of desert vegetation. Cacti of many spe _. tographs, ruins, and so forth, were lo able height seemed to cut off any ap cies abounded while the innumerable bar cated, a group of student archeologists, proach . But over th�se cliffs and slides, rel cacti stood like Indian sentinels directed by a Park.·naturalist, rescued as foot by foot, Evans had worked his way watching for intruders. ,' . Evans flashing a light on some of the from the lake up 700 feet to the Mauve Further into the Canyon, . the walls much of the material �s ·was practicable. sloth bones excavated in the extreme As the lake rose the base camps of back end of the cave. limestone in which the caves were·located. were steeper and higher. Here the rock 14 ARIZODA HIGHWAYS all lay in strata. Close to the water's edge was a brown limestone, on top of semi-tropical winter sunland of the Salt Lake City through Cedar Breaks, Can surfaced under the direction of the Ari River Valley waiting at the end of the yon and Zion National Park, entering zona State Highway Department, goes journey. Arizona at Kanab. east through Houserock Valley, crossing Disregarding the recreational possi Here is the first unpaved portion the Colorado River at Navajo Bridge, bilities, consider the centers of popula of the road. A distance of 35 miles from then south to Cameron on the Painted tion in the inter-mountain states, cities Fredonia to Jacob Lake. Those intend Desert. Here again the motorist may which heretofore have been forced to ing to visit the north rim of the Grand make a choice. State Highway 64, west depend upon the prevailing east-west Canyon desert the highway for a forest from Cameron, travels along the south communication lines. service road, out through the Kaibab. rim of the Grand Canyon to the El Tovar Five years ago, a group of far-sighted The highway from Jacob Lake, recently resort hotel. U. S. 89 continues through Westerners under the leader- Flagstaff, joining 64 at Wil ship of P. R. Helm, a retired liams. From Williams south I business executive, did what we I through Prescott, the highway ' are doing now. They looked at passes through one of the most I I the map, and recognized the ur 1, ALBERT Edmonton lovely portions of all Ariz:ma, gent need for a commercial ar ! and down the White Spar tery linking the inland cities of .. *e through Wickenburg to Phoe- yo\).'" �-�.... the west. They realized the ,,_e i nix. From the capital city, U. S. 89 continues to the Mexican magnificent promise this scenic ··\_ wonderland offered tourists. I SASK. border. Below the Mexican border, In Mexico, rapid improve the officials of our neighbor ···-··.L··-·· ment is being made on the ing republic, were awakening West-coast road through Her to the need for modern high mosillo to Guaymas, and on to ways. A west-coast road was Mexico, D. F. projected from Nogales to Mex Truly international in its res ico City. pect, the highway will ulti In February of this year, the mately connect with the Pan Great International Highway American route at Mexico City to form what has been called CARSON STUDIO Association, a non-profit or ganization was incorporated in "the longest road on earth." Intersecting every East There is always a picturesque appeal to San Francisco Peaks, Lordly mountain monarchs of Coconino county Arizona with more than eighty of the state's most prominent West route, in North America, citizens listed as incorporators. the North-South route will pro vide a commercial transporta ■ ■ A North-South highway from The Highway to Nogales to Canada was the im tion line in a Western area rich mediate objective. in undeveloped resources. The Honorable Rawleigh C. Military authorities empha Stanford, Governor of Arizona, sizing the need for a s�condary gave his official approval to communication line to back up ?2ew inclianfment the development. The chief ex the Pacific Coast, are urging ecutives of Idaho, Montana, the development of the inland Wyoming and Utah endorsed highway for that reason. UT of the past and into the By STEPHEN C. SHADEGG smoldering romance of Old Mexico, men the route. Below the border, Here, then, is the nation's future-like a priceless neck came to behold in wonder. Human things General Ramon Yocupico. Gov newest "road to romance." A lace of rare jewels-the Inter became infinitesimal before the force of enor of Sonora, became an offi modern · highway open for tra 0 national Highway links nature's nature's casual grandeur. vel, meeting the recreational, cial member of the highway bravest exhibits. adventurer are remembered only as fig Now, let's look at a map of the Western sponsoring group. military, and commercial needs From Alaska to Buenos Aires, ures from history. Their paths erased portion of the United States. Lying in of a great W �stern area. by the coming of the western wagons; Actually, the North-South "the longest road on earth" is fast be an almost direct north and south line are With work being rurb.ed on the trappers and mountain men, timber highway is complete and open coming a reality. ten national parks. Between Jasper Na the Pan-American portion from beasts and cowboys, who came West, for traffic now. Tourists this Four hundred years ago, the sandal tional Park and the Mexican border, Mexico City, down the Weat not North, to find a new world. year have driven from Banff, *NATIONAL PARKS clad feet of Marcos de Niza and the every range of climate and scenery in coast of South America, and Reflecting this domination, highways in the Canadian Rockies, to plumed helmets of Coronado's Conquista vites us. The romantic cattle land of OJASPER NAT'L across the Andes to Buenos and railroads have come Westward in Guaymas, Mexico, on a modern dores, crossed our deserts seeking con the Old West, the spouting geysers of OYOHO NATl. Aires, promises of a paved road the path of the pioneers. The savage highway with less than fifty quest. Spiritual and material kingdoms Yellowstone, Great Salt Lake, Bryce Can OBANFF NATl this year from Nogales to struggle with nature to wrest a living miles of unpaved road. were to be established for the glory of yon, Cedar Breaks and Zion National O WATERTON LAKES Guaymas, an assurance of im from the ground, and establish a civiliza Spain and the Church. Park, and as a climax to our southern From Lake Louise, the high OGLACIER provements on the rest of the tion in the wilderness, absorbed men's way follows Canadian route The Good Father and the resplendent journey, the Grand Canyon, with the 0 'r'ELL0WST0Nl distance to Mexico City, with interest, like a jealous mistress demand No. 1 through Waterton Lakes, OGRAND TETON the Canadian and United ing more and more attention. But to to Glacier National Park. Then States portion open to traffic some she spoke in terms of beauty, with south on U. S. Highway 89 and 0 BRYC E CANYON Observation Point, Zion National Park, The highway to New Enchantment now, compl,etion of the entire the thunderous voice of the Grand Can reveals Bryce Canyon in Utah. 91 to Helena, Montana. Here OZION NAT'L route can· be predicted in the a scenic highlight in Utah, along the yon, and the soft, sweet, whisper of moun highway to New Enchantment the road veers slightly east, «:lGRAND CANYON near future. tain lakes. passing through Bozeman and Eldridge into the north en- Perhaps in 1940, a tourist These favored few, made eloquent by from Buenos Aires will park the force of the prophet they followed, trance of Yellowstone National From the snow clad peaks of Canada to sunny Park and the Grand Tetons. Guaymas, a finished highway now carries inter his car on the street of an spread the word of the beauty they had Arizona city, next to that of a seen. The inter-mountain region from From Yellow�tone the route national travelers-and the enchanting journey takes you throughout the length of Arizona. Canadian visitor. Perhaps these Canada to Mexico, became a mecca, with travels south through Pocatel lo and Idaho Falls to Salt Lake two will strike up a casual ac the power to heal weary bodies and minds ( Continued on Page 30) filled too greatly with the struggles of City. U. S. 89 south from Salt the city. From the glaciers to tropical jungles, from the temperate lands to the 110V€ffiB€R, 1938 17 is an alumnus of Princeton University, worked for one of the Hearst papers in New York before coming west, did thea trical stuff. Has two or three saddle horses and a couple of dogs, lives at the Y Lightning ranch near Hereford, and does nothing but ride and write. Has done some writing of western stuff for Brewery Gulch with its 330 days of sun some of the pulp magazines, also for west where I could rare up in a large shine with moonshine every day, and the Hoofs and Horns and the Gazette, to way. number is increasing as tourist travel which he has been a regular contributor "I settled in the San Pedro Valley to Arizona and California increases." since July, 1931. Has also written for country in Cochise County, Arizona, and The Gazette attracted a choice list of Rob Wagner's Script and Westways of went in for hosses, horticulture and some contributors early in its career. There L. A. Has a peculiar complex towards bareback riding at rodeos." was Ned White, the cowboy poet, Hal animals ; it hurts him to see any sort of And he cautions us: "Not to pull a Masthead for the Brewery Gulch Gazette of Bisbee, Arizona, one of the most unique publications any vrinter ever spread ink over. The sun shines on Brewery Gulch 330 days in the year, but there is moonshine every day. Lemar Hayhurst, Joe Chisholm, Ruth animal life injured or killed, will not boner on reference to me, if any, go easy Chisholm, Ed Flint Williams, Bruce Kis hunt, refuses to see moving pictures in on my educational background. I was kaddon, Judge Hancock, and George which animals are hurt or treated a poor student in the academic sense and ■ Phillips, with tales and songs of the cruelly." my university life was spotty and de west. Jack Farber, Billy Horne, Ben greeless, albeit informative. I consider Schneider, Carla Patsuris, Coursin Black, Princeton as my Alma Mater and Prince Sage and Saga Jack Benjamin, and Benjamin Castle ton graciously treats me as an alumnus, were among the early writing hands to even though I sent three mathematical the Gazette, with everything from stage professors to the booby hatch and drove memoirs to poetry from the Bronx. a conservative instructor of literature Editor, Arizona Highways HERE hasn't been much hooting By RAYMOND CARLSON publication that would appeal to the mud "Sparkey" Parke and C. C. Beddome to a harrowing self destruction before and hollering about it but not diggers by talking their language ; that came along with their comment and Tony I got canned. As a formal newspaper 1 is, it would express the views of the Mazzanovich, the Indian war veteran, plug, I was an outlaw and as a theater long ago the F. A. McKinney Printing company of Brewery publisher of the paper on the happenings struck the chords with historical flash critic and director I was a dramatic Sage- Gulch, Bisbee, turned off the in the camp and his ideas of the prob backs of an older and wilder Arizona. plague and public menace. So just put brush Strokes press a volume entitled : lems of the working men of the commun Mac's sheet has retained the flavor of me down as a kind of outdoor maverick by Stan Adler, who sub ity more from their viewpoint. And it old Brewery Gulch and its appeal is its with an abnormal sense of humor and titled it "Yarns of the Southwestern would give them a voice whereby they freshness, its buoyancy and sparkle. The no personality whatever, and you will Range." could express themselves on the affairs able writers for the Gazette are in a class about hit the mark. Bill Turnblow, Jack of their own. Lynch or Larry Grill, I believe, will Now Mr. McKinney is editor and pub of the community. Stan writes of the Gazette : bear me out in this." (These three put lisher of the Brewery Gulch Gazette, and "Another object of the paper was to "One point about the Gazette you a lot of "G" in the Phoenix Gazette.). Mr. Adler (this is probably the first time capitalize on the fact that there is still should not omit. That is the free-for-all All of which, from our observation they were ever so formally addressed) is left more than a trace of the wild West, Sagebrush Strokes brawls as to the policy of the bladder. point, adds up to swell people. feature editor, star columnist and poig rough mining camp life of fifty years Sage The front page Republican column hoo by Stan consists of .nant dramatic critic of that estimable ago ; that while Brewery Gulch is not brush Strokes rawed on the same page in a Socialist a selection of his writings of the west sheet ; so the arrival to our desk of quite what it was in the days when Arizona Highways Demo.cr.atic rebuttal-the change of pace i.n "Goat Corral," in Hoofs and Horns, the jarred us into the immedi Bisbee was a rough, tough mining camp in the Silver Scream movie page in one range magazine published in Tucson by ate realization that if and trading center for the cowmen for reviewer giving a picture a pass to pos Ethel A. Hopkins. Stan has been a regu is to record Arizona's passing scene with a hundred miles in every direction, still Stan and his "ornery dun." He writes terity and another reviewer giving it a lar contributor to that fine western pub fidelity the time has.come when we must it is possible to build up for it to a certain a column for the Gazette and has just kick in the pantaloons-the glorification lication for a long time, and if you do something about Mr. Adler and Mr. extent some of the romance of former turned out a swell v o l u m e about of the Scotch pastime of pasture lot ranges, ranches, cowmen and sage haven't read him there you now have a McKinney's Brewery Gulch Gazette. And days in the outside world, and to make shinny by the publisher and the razzberry brush. chance to get a lot of Stan's writing under pronto ! We have waited too long to Brewery Gulch an attraction to visitors. on club swinging in favor of bronc stomp one cover. sound the trumpets! "Both of these objects have been ac It The 70 pages are full of poems, stories, complished by the Gazette. The miners ing by the feature editor-and etcetera, It From Broadway, in little old New anecdotes, yarns and "decorations" by have shown by their patronage that they if not more so. gives the subscribers Of Stan, Stan has written : York, whence he makes a yearly pilgrim the author. has the twang of the pcript appreciate what the paper has done for the added wallop of ringside spectators "I was raised in the East but when age, to the Beverly Hills of Rob Wagner's at no extra charge." range country and the sagebrush ; you them ; it has never been radical and I was just a leedle button waddy I went Mr. Adler is "Stan" and so he get the feel of hard bucking horses and neither have all but a very small per In seeking the who's who, what's what shall forever be to us. We first got to to school in Connecticut. After that, 1 hard riding men. The flavor is genuine From Broadway to the Beverly Hills of centage of the miners. The paper is read and why on Stan we appealed to Mac, know of Stan through the Brewery Gulch Rob Wagner's Script, Stan Adler is · studied for a spell at Princeton and then and not synthetic. There are whimsies, by practically all of the miners. his editor, for some information and he Gazette. He writes the "Sass and Gas" just plain "Stan." He's a "writing imparts the following : spent two years at the first college they laughs and a tear or two. column and if we do not read it every and riding" tophcind in Cochise county. "Hundreds of tourists yearly are at started up for writing. I worked on the tracted to Bisbee through reading of "He came from New York City to You don't have to read many pages to Arizona. The west apparently got into New York papers as dramatic critic and know that Stan knows horses and that his blood, for he begrudges the time he in the 'little theater' movement for about he has been around cowpokes and cow week and the rest of the Gazette, we is away from it when he makes an annual six years until I hung around Broadway shows and ranches a lot in his day. There feel we have missed something very visit to his folks in New York City. He so much that the natives began to think is a fresh swing to his writing, the worthwhile. I was a traffic cop or Flo Ziegfeld. I (Continued on Page 31) The editor and publisher of the Gazette • Mi almost began to think so myself-so I explains in this manner the paper's ori � got me a spread out in New Jersey, gin : i .I' where I raised ornamental game, water ' "I started the Brewery Gulch Gazette lf� fowl, and flowers. And, since I got on the first of March, 1931, with the idea " ✓ '\ " with animals a lot better than with hu in mind that in a mining camp as large � -�- -� mans (I am a vegetarian, socialist and as Bisbee there should be some sort of 16 RRIZODfl HIGHUJflYS roughneck) , I trekked out to the South- 19 CARSON 'S STU DIC' UNSET CRATER
��' � -
R. C. PROCTOR
CA THEDRAL OF GRANITE-Superstition Mountain ■ tional Game Preserve is not authorized, except that the Forest Supervisor may authorize the killing of porcupines, goph Kaibab ers, ground squirrels, skunks, wild cats, foxes, coyotes, mountain lions and gos hawks. Each person who desires to hunt and kill deer must report to a Forest Ranger at an established hunting camp, register and procure written permission to go upon an area designated as open to hunt ing and killing deer. Each person must n�port back to the Forest Ranger when he quits hunting, have his deer registered and tagged, and checked out of the hunt ing camp. Hunters must camp at the camp Where the North Rim road joins Highway 89 on the Kaibab Plateau travelers can grounds designated. enjoy the h_ospitality of Jacob Lake Inn, owned and operated by Hdrold Bowman. Guns used in killing deer must carry In the evening, the host shows colored motion pictures of Kaibab Plateau the Grand 87 gr. bullets or larger. Hunting deer Canyon, and of Indians at their. crafts. "Uncle Billy," picturesque pionee; of Kaibab with shot guns, revolvers, or bows and Plateau, lectures on the fascinating country thereabout. arrows will not be permitted. F_'ire arms must not be discharged in port at Moquitch camp or within one-fourth mile of any for hunting agreements. WEAR A RED CAP camp. The South Canyon Area is open again Hunting with an automobile or shoot this year but the checking point will be HUNTING REGULATIONS ing from an automobile will not be al Kane. After checking in at Kane, lowed. Automobiles must be left in hunters will be allowed to camp any camp unless allowed by the Forest Rang where in the area. Deer killed must er to be taken out to a central, desig be checked and tagged at Kane. nated point in company with a Forest On the west side, hunters must camp Ranger, Deputy Game warden or licensed Pine at the central camping places at Mo guide. ain deer ranges the vast area o f Kaibab Forest. T he Forest Sen1ice h as a modern mcinagement plan f or The Rocky Mount s test the skill Flat hunters-check at M oquitch. mule deer for the interest of travelers, f or u se in scientific studies and for sportsrnen hunting. These stalwart quitch, Pine Flat or Big Saddle. All deer killed must be brought into of the most e xperienced hunters P H OTO sv F R ASH ERS camp. All wounded deer must be follow LIMIT : Each hunter may kill one ed by the hunter responsible and killed deer; either a buck or a doe. Comfortable cabins in the pines are if possible. All deer must be marked by official the state game department and the sports in June at V-T Park. Counts this year FEES: Each hunter must have a maintained for the wayfarer by Harold NE of the strangest and least State of Arizona license and a Forest Bowman at Jacob Lake. tags before being taken out of hunting known areas in Arizona is the men of Arizona. There are two big ob show that there is a total of 16,000 deer. 0 Twenty per cent are yearlings, which rep Service cooperative agreement before camps. jectives to maintain. One is to preserve vast Kaibab mountain area, of doing any hunting. the Kaibab National Forest, the deer as a summer attraction for trav resent the increase and would, therefore, Highway 89 leads to the Kaibab. The elers-the other is to provide good sports be 3200.') Forest Service cooperative agreement : Areas shown on maps posted at hunt hunter, coming either from the north or north of Grand Canyon in the $1.50. north central portion of the men hunting. The number of deer is bal Regulations for hunting on the Kaibab, ing camps are open to hunting. Hunting south, will first stop at Jacob Lake Inn anced with the food supply and to do as issued by the Forest Supervisor are as State License : Resident, $2.50 ; non or killing deer on all other areas in this for refreshments, lodging or information. state. For a brief period each year hun resident, $25.00. dreds of deer hunters penetrate into the this it is necessary to have control of the follows : game preserve is not authorized. Jacob Lake Inn is one of the most forest in quest of the deer that dwell number of deer; control of domestic UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT HORSE S and GUIDES: Horses will Hunting or killing all wild animals unique hostelries along the road. Owned therein, and after that the Forest re stock ; control of the number of coyotes OF AGRICULTURE FORE ST be at each camp and may be hired at except deer, on the Grand Canyon Na� (Continued on Page 29) turns to its isolation. and lions ; and control of all other uses SERVICE the following rates : The Forest contains almost two million of the area ... Kaibab National Fcrest-North Saddle horses, $3.00 per day-$1.50 for acres of land, and is one of the greatest "In order to know the number of deer, DEER SEASON IN 1938 half a day. wildlife areas in Arizona and the west. range rides on horseback are made in Season Opens October 16, 1938 Guide, $5.00 per day. One guide may For many years, the Kaibab mountain February, counts made and an estimate Hunting will be under Arizona game take two or three hunters. laws and Forest Service regulations. was closed to hunting. Deer multiplied made of the total number on the range. ACCOMMODATIONS: Campgrounds Camps will be in charge of Forest Serv so rapidly and the herds became so large, A check on the annual increase is made are free, with water furnished. The ice Rangers and Deputy Game Wardens. that the deer faced extinction because camps at Moquitch, Pine Flat and Big All hunters should report to the officers of isolation and reduced forage. The For Saddle will have tent cabins with stoves in camp before doing any hunting. est Service, in cooperation with the Ari for rent, and will be able to furnish a zona Game and Fish Commission, inaug SEASON : October 16, 1938 to No vember 15, 1938. number of beds. The camp at South Can urated a plan of wildlife regulation which yon will not have tent cabins for rent, HUNTING CAMPS : All hunters must calls each year for supervised hunting. and hunters should bring their own out It is estimated hunters may take from report to a Forest Ranger at one of these hunting camps before doing any fits. Meals will be furnished at all west 1500 to 2000 deer this fall. side· camps at reasonable rates. Walter G. Mann, Forest Supervisor, hunting : ROADS: Auto roads lead to all camps, says : Moquitch Camp, Slim Waring Man and snow will not close them to travel "There is a very definite plan of deer ager. during the hunting season. Signs will management in operation on Kaibab Pine Flat Camp, Slim Waring, Man ager. be posted on take-off roads to camp. <;Jne of the charming sce_nes along the North Rim that of herds of deer browsing '_Mountain, north of Grand Canyon. Kaibab the me dows near Kaibab odge,_ formerly V-T Ranch. T his Big Saddle Camp, Hades Church, Man- � � closed for hunting, mountain is both a national game pre Call or write Wm. H. Sawtelle, State and f!,Ppa1 ently the deer r�alize this for they a re isare completely impervious to the ager. Game Warden, Phoenix, Arizona, or Wal in serve and a state game preserve. Because On the Kaibab Plateau you often see passing traveler. On the highe1· plateau where hunting is permisitte d in season they · deer in the aspen along the road. A South Canyon Area, Bob Vaughn, Man- ter Mann, Forest Supervisor, Williams, are a c hallenge t o the hunter. ' the game preserve is national, the forest All hunters for Pine Flat must first re- memorable sight ! ager. service has taken the lead in manage DOVE:ffiBE:R,Arizona, for fur 19the38r information. ment, but it also has the cooperation of flRIZODA HIGHWAYS 23 22 Transportati on Pioneers
By 0. C. HAVENS does not confine its tours to the well marked highways, but takes the traveler to remote points such as Canyon de of the Apaches, the undefeated tribe of Chelley, Rainbow Bridge and through the Indians who led the Government a merry Navajo and Pueblo Reservations of Ari chase for several years and whose chief, zona and New Mexico. In the olden days Geronimo, finally surrendered to the any of these trips would have meant a U. S. Army, simply because he became long, tiresome trip with wagons, pack tired of the eternal chase of the troops mules or horses and the trips made now who pursued him. in a few hours would have meant as Transportation costs at that time were many days then. The trading post of Don unusually high, for the maximum capa Lorenzo is still called the J. L. Hubbell city of a mule was two hundred pounds Indians baking bread. Trading Post and the buildings look much and the trip from Mexico City was as they did in the 1870's. In the Hubbell RAMON HUBBELL crowned with dangers of all kinds. Water postmaster at Albuquerque, New Mexico, ranch house is an excellent private col Near a prize Indian rug in his lection of paintings and sketches. Many collection. less deserts, mountains and the lack of then only a small village occupied mostly Navajo medicene men in action. efficient help, made the trips to Santa by people of Spanish descent. After of these paintings are by well known artists of late years. Some of them are S PIONEERS in transportation, Fe a grave adventure. working in Albuquerque for a year, he rugs, but with patterns so characteristi of national renown and represent the the Hubbell family is one of the However, at that time, the desire of went to Santa Fe to accept a position cally Indian that it was impossible to a the inhabitants of New Mexico for the as clerk in the post office there. After mistake one of them when seen. The best efforts of the artists of the period. first in the Southwest. Captain James L. Hubbell, a Connecti fineries and furbelows delivered to them leaving Santa Fe he worked for one or price of the imported wool, however, pro Ramon Hubbell Navajo Tours have cut Yankee, came to Santa Fe from Spain, via Mexico City, was great two traders. One of these stores or posts hibited manufacturing them for the use succeeded in presenting to the traveling El Capitan in Canyon de Chelley. before the Civil War. He was and the village swains were very grati was the first Indian trading post estab of most people, and while in this age the public a service which is unusual. The delegated by the U. S. Army to protect fied to receive, for presentation to the lished outside of Government protection. price paid would not be prohibitive, at interested tourist, traveler, artist or stud reach remote places off the regularly the citizens and property of the United In the 1870's, Mr. Hubbell bought the that time the native wool was so cheap ent may now be conducted to whatever that Bayeta seemed expensive to the av point he may desire in Arizona or New used roads, into the country that the States of North America but after the trading post at Ganado, Arizona, and he casual tourist never sees. They have War he remained in New Mexico to go erage purchaser. Some of these old Bay Mexico and be assured of a personally or his family have operated this post chosen for their trade-mark a portion of into the business of trading with the In eta blankets are still to be had, at a price continuously since that time. Don Lor a Navajo sand painting which is sym• dians and freighting supplies into Santa which would make the old Navajo weav enzo liked the Navajos and they liked bolic of the medicine man's "Conveyance Fe and Seboyeta, N. M., a small village ers turn in their graves. him, and he did a great deal of good for of the Gods." It is only necessary for the north of Laguna, N. M. He has left the Don Lorenzo Hubbell freighted goods the Navajos in constantly striving to get god to step on the abalone steps, wave mark of his early occupation on the into this country with oxen then with them to improve their blankets and rugs. his wand and travel to any point desired family descended from him. After being The trading post of the Hubbell family horses and mules and later with the high at Ganado, Arizona, founded by John instantly and safely, with the speed of in New Mexico a few years, Capt. Hubbell He was one of the traders who was most wheeled automobile of the early twentieth Lorenzo Hubbell in 1870. light. married Julianita Gutierrez, whose fam instrumental in improving the Navajo century. The descendants of Don Loren blanket to the point where it became a zo have carried on the traditions of his Few families are as highly esteemed ily had been given a land grant by the senoritas of the Capital of the Territory useful and necessary part of the furnish family. His son, Ramon, has inaugurated and respected by the Indians of north King of Spain for service to the King. of New Mexico, the varied and ornamen ings of the American home. Don Loren a travel service which uses the modern ern Arizona and New Mexico as the Hub Miss Gutierrez was a descendant of one tal accessories and dress goods which motor car for the trips over the Reser Ramon Hubbell inspecting a Navajo bell family. Two generations have lived of the Conquistadores, that illustrious were so necessary to the belles of that zo and Charles N. Cotton collaborated vation, through the country in which his sand painting blanket. among them, and through long associa group of men who helped to make New period. in the purchase of the yarn which was Mexico habitable and who conquered father experienced so many difficulties. tion and mutual trust the friendliest of From the union of the Hubbell and called Bayeta, woven in Europe, shipped arranged and conducted trip. Driver for the King, the whole of New Mexico, Some of his forebears would be amazed relations have been maintained for years. Gutierrez families, there was born John to Spain and thence to the United States. guides are provided who are thoroughly in the early seventeenth century. at the ease with which he goes from Legitimate traders have had an im Lorenzo Hubbell, who at the age of thir From this yarn was woven some of the place to place. Where it formerly took acquainted with the country visited and Captain Hubbell freighted goods into portant part in the development of those teen left the protection of his family and finest blankets and rugs ever made, vie two to three days from Gallup, New can in some instances speak Navajo and Santa Fe from Mexico City and Kansas associations that have resulted in tbe at the age of eighteen became assistant ing in grade with the celebrated Persian Mexico, to Ganado, Arizona, the writer Spanish and who are well informed City during the 1860's and many loads greatest benefits accruing to the Indian made a trip recently which took less than about the customs of the Indians. Many of goods were lost to marauding groups two hours . of the roads through the Indian Country tribes. Since the days of old John Lor of Indians. The trail from Mexico City The Ramon Hubbell Navajo Tours with are not marked but that is one of the enzo Hubbell the Indians have learned to at that time came through the country headquarters in Gallup, New Mexico, chief features of the tours, in that they trust the Hubbell family. •
The Hopi Village of Mishongnovi, "Sky City of .ARIZOthe Desert"D.A HIGHW.AYS . 24 DOVE:ffiBE:R, 1938 A Hubbell freight train in the early days " 25 Qii�otta National Cotton Hotbed By W. K. SHAW, JR. length of Pima, several American spin ners could afford to pay a moderate premium for Pima over Sakel. However, &of the heavy discount at which they could procure GUIZA-7 during recent years, E. A. Shaw Co., Phoenix has made it difficult for Pima spinners to compete with others using the imported succeeding annual generations remained GUIZA. consistent, which indicated that a per It is hard to say just what effect the manent new variety had been discovered. competition of the inferior length GUIZA This was named Pima-after the Pima and Sakel varieties has had upon the Indians. The first commercial crop of potential American consumption of Pima Pima was 253 bales, grown in 1916. Of cotton. Probably improvements in the this crop E. A. Shaw & Co. Inc., bought spinning of the short staples for tire 179 bales, for distribution to Southern fabric and the competition of cut rayon and Northern spinners in the United have had far worse effects on the use States-for test runs. of Pima than the cheaper prices of Egyp Whereas a crop of about half Yuma tian cottons. and half Pima in 1917 amounted to 15,- Had discoveries been made as to how 966 bales-partly grown in Arizona and to improve the strength and qualities of partly in California-by 1920 the crop yarns produced from the extra staple amounted to 92,561 bales of Pima of cotton, and how to cheapen the cost of which by far the largest part was grown production of such yarns, it is extremely in Arizona. The length and quality of doubtful if cut rayon would have gained Pima was found so superior to Yuma its present foothold. Chart shows Arizona SPX cotton as that after 1918, Pima entirely replaced While the foregoing remarks have compared to Arizona Pima and Ari- Yuma. The depression of that year and chiefly concerned Pima, as this has been zona Short Staple. EW people in the United States the succeeding shift by the tire industry the principal so-called . American-Egyp or even those who have visited to shorter cottons, resulted in a steady tian variety grown in this country dui: or driven through Arizona, real decline in the production of the high cost ing the past 20 years, they also apply to, ize that for some 22 years Ari Pima. Prices declined and fluctuated at and the statistics include, an Arizona 1 a dizzy speed, and by 1924, the produc variety called SXP. Like Pima, this wna has produced for the average of this period, the largest crop of tion amounted to only 4,361 bales. The variety was also developed by the U. S. extra long staple cotton grown in the drastic curtailment in production brought Department of Agriculture at its Saca United States. The principal variety an improvement in prices and demand, ton, Arizona, station. It was one of the grown during this period has been Pima. and from that year on, the production many plants obtained from a cross in This is longer than any variety g;rown has remained within a range between 1918 between plants of the Pima and commercially in Egypt, and is only ex 8,365 bales and 28,771 bales. It has Sake! varieties. ceeded in length by the choicer qualities averaged about 18,000 bales per annum. This new variety was officially called of Sea Island cotton. The consumption has not fluctuated SxP 30. By using the best individual The extra long varieties that have quite as drastically until the last three plants in succeeding progenies grown each been grown in Arizona were all developed years. During these three years, the year from this cross, the new variety throug,1 painstaking plant breeding by average consumption has been about nor was developed, and finally, after twelve the Department of Agriculture from mal, but for the twelve months ending generations of selection and interbreed seeds imported from Egypt. The first August 31st, 1936, 12,280 bales were con ing, it was released to the writer in 1933 seeds were brought back to this country sumed, during the next twelve months, for a small commercial planting near in 1900. From a selected stock of Mit 20 ,785 bales, and only about 6,660 bales Chandler, Arizona. Afifi, the Yuma variety was segregated are estimated for the twelve months end The mill tests from SxP 30 , or as it is in 1908. The Department Bulletin No. ing August 31st, 1938. commonly known, SXP, proved very sat: -74 2 describes this new, distinct Yuma In only two of the past eight years, (Continued on Page 29) variety as : "The lint averages one and has the average yearly mill price of one-half inches in length and has the Pimas been below the average yearly pale pinkish buff color of the J anno mill price for Sakel. Average yearly vitch, rather than the deeper buff color prices are computed from weekly quota of the Mit Afifi." This variety proved tions which are riot weighted for the · stable and it had a fibre of good spinning volume of cotton sold during the week. q ua 1 i t y. Three hundred seventy-five However, during the past three years, a bales of Yuma were grown in 1912. How new Egyptian variety called GUIZA-7, ever, in 1910, a plant distinctly different has been substituted by most American from Yuma was found growing in a !Uills for their Sakel requirements. One field of Yuma at the Government Sacaton ·of the chief attractions for doing so has Station on the Indian reservation. The been the discount at which GUIZA-7 has seed from this single plant was carefully sold under the price of Sakel. Because preserved and planted the following year. for many years Egyptian Sake! has been The quality of its production and that of markedly inferior in, staple- length to the Superiority of Arizona Pima over Egyptian Guiza and Sudan Sakel shown by chart. 26 fl.RIZODA HIGHWAYS and finding u s in error. Our co mpiler that t ime, the entire supply of ce rtified of " Arizoniques" included V ermont SXP planting seed was sold to farmers Along the Highways and Byways • • • which should have been omitted. for general commercial planting. It is In the 100 or more items which h ave anticipated that some 4,500 to 5,000 bales DEER HUNTING WELCOME TO A RIZONA, His n ewspaper career took him to New restore prosperity; where e ducation has appeared under "Arizoniques" our com of SXP will be picked in the autumn MR. WALKER: York, where he became o ne o f the finest hardly penetrated, and where, if you ever piler has made two errors. of 1 938. get away from the beaten track, you find IN KAIBAB Mr. Stanley Walker, in the Woman's editors in that B ig C ity of Fine Editors. * * * ;, The Egyptian Maarad c otton c rop and If we remember correctly, he edited the wild ch ildren running about like jack Home Companion f or October, 1 938, in C. G. S alsbury of Ganado Mission, Ga the Peruvian Pima crop, owing their ex ( Continued from Pa ge 23) New Yor k H erald Tribune, successfully rabbits who crawl into adobe shacks, pos dulges in what he no doubt believes to nado, Arizona, and Mrs. C . H . Powers istence to Pima s eed brought from Ari and ably f or a n umber of ye ars. Then sessed with fear, at the sight of the be a factual discussion of Arizona and the of Window Rock, A rizona, both corrected zona, now reach a total about five times abruptly and for r easons we h ave never stranger ; where people get to town once Southwest u nder the attractive title : an error in the stated size o f the Navajo as great as that o f their Arizona parent. learned, Mr. W alker left the newspaper a year and earn their living for the most "Our Oldest C ivilization." Nation. Our "Arizoniques" ite� s hould However, the average length and strength business, to appear as a fr ee-lance w rit part by the attractive business of barter and operated by Harold Bowman, Jacob Inasmuch as Mr. W alker is considered have read : " There are 50,000 Navajos of these foreign "Pima" crops are gen er. His "Mrs. A stor's Horse" showed up ing in rattlesnake skins, (but not the Lake I nn p rovides inexpensive and com quite authoritative in certain sections, living on the reservation, which covers an erally c lassed as inferior to that o f Ari as a tome that gave the low-down on the Brooklyn Bridge); where health condi fortable accommodations, e ither for the and inasmuch as the Woman's Home Com area of 16,000,000 acres, o r 25,000 square zona Pima. panion is accepted as a j ournal o f good higher-ups. It was amusing but caused tions are such as to render the country deer hunter going b y in the fall o r the miles." To the inquiry of Geo. T. Lind- For many years, the best A merican taste and veracity, we pause in our other some squirming among the most fash practically unliveable, ( we long for your tourist t roveling 89 in the summer. 1.ey, Jr., of Tempe, we considered F re broadcloths, aeroplane cloth, raincoat wise merry meanderings to verbally joust ionable of the fashionable. sunny slums, Mr. Walker !) ; where the donia a town and Kayenta a p ost o ffice. cloth and tire fabric, have been made An annual feature is the entertain with Mr. W alker over his W. H. C. con He also turned out a volume o n new s race problem is a menace ; where crime is * * * ter years, ment provided by Mr.Bowman in the even trib. Certain of our good citizens have de paper and newspaper technique. Here rampant and everyone carries guns in from Arizona Pima and in la students at the University, also from Arizona SXP. If al l the ulti ings. Mr. Bowman gives c olered m otion clared war on M r. W alker and the W. H. he spoke with the voice of authority-and, cluding the MR. K ELLAND IS DOING A mate users of these fabrics knew that C. so much so, we are afraid, that both on s omething he knows s omething about. ("high-o-Silver !") ; where desperadoes TRILOGY O N ARIZONA FOR picture shows de aling w ith the Grand have a hard time making an honest liv the cotton f rom which they a re made the author and his vehicle o f expression Mr. W alker can speak very well. THE POST : Canyon, I ndian arts and c rafts and the ing because there are no roads and you may become alarmed. There is still talk The Arizona M r. Walker discusses in Wesley Winans Stout, editor of the came from Arizona, it would be one o f always interesting K aibab Plateau. can't e scape w ith the swag ove r the hot, of p osses and vigilantes in the West and "Our Oldest C ivilization" is really s ome Saturday Evening Post, informs us t hat the best known states in the country, and "Uncle" Billy, picturesque pioneer of barr�n desert, (it's easier in Harlem or maybe Dextry Will Ride Again, with guns shakes of a p lace. Clarence Budington Kelland is preparing they would realize that no othe r state Kaibab lectures informatively on the re the Bronx !) ; where, with the exception of blazing, into th at sanctum sanctorum Mr. W alker's Arizona is something like a s erial o n Arizona for the Post e ntitled produces cotton of the same quality. • gion about. • the Mormon s ettlers, no o ne is law-abid where those clever young ladies decide the this : where I ndians, no better off than "Arizona." ing, (just like Gyp the Blood!) ; where destiny and format of the Woman's Home when the Co nquistadores arri ved, h ave the old west o f the Pleasant Valley war "Whether this remains as the title " Companion. funny ideas on the worship of God; where and the Earp and Clantons is gone, and Mr. Stout w rites, "or not, the story is the Stanley Walker, from what we have there is sidness and disappointment in the not even remembered, (like the gang first o f an Arizona historical trilogy, gathered here and there along the roads, valleys and the only thing you can do is Mr. Kelland being just a little nuts about grow old and die ; where everyone is trying wars in G otham !) ; because the young is either a native Texan or started out in ll their time in hotel bars his adopted s tate. I can't say that I to go native, (like you Latins in Manhat people spend a Texas as a n ewspaper man. Texas pro slinging silly talk; where politics is pretty hlame him." duces, am ong other things, some o f the tan, eh?) ; where the land is ruined and bad but probably no worse than any other We know that everyone in Arizona best newspaper men in the country and the dams are filling u p with silt and place (does that include Tammany M r. will be watching for Mr. Kelland's P ost Mr. W alker was considered among the where no matter what h appens, wealthy Walker?) ; where rich and indulgent pa story. He's among our favorite authors. very best. visitors with bronchial ailments cannot * * * ters of the East send their wayward off springs to learn about life b y hanging BY WAY O F P OSTSCRIPTS : around ranches and mining towns, wear ARIZONA HIGHWAYS has apparent ing the signs of their waywardness, and ly been received with pleasure in Japan, trying to cure their dissoluteness, asthma, northern Ireland, and far off south Afri and sinus trouble under the same benign ca, udging from the letters gratefully sun. Whoopee ! Stanley Walker Rides j received ... Again. Mr. Foster Rockwell, s ecretary of the Note to Mr. W alker : You may have Arizona H otel association, and Mrs. been a s well e ditor, but as a reporter Rockwell are o n the high seas bound f or . . . Oh! Well ! . .. Japan. They are members of a pa rty of Note to the editors of the Woman's American hotel people invited to visit Home Companion: "Pu-lea-se ! Ladies! the land of Orange Blossoms. Knowing we prefer to read our wild west yarns Mr. Rockwell as we do, we'll bet Japan in the pulps." * * ese hote l p eople will hear all about A ri zona before he returns to the states . . • CORRECTION DULY MADE: In the September issue of Arizona Highways, "Arizoniques" carried an item to the effect that "Coconino county, w ith ARIZONA-NATIONAL an area of 18,628 miles, is second largest county in the world and is larger than COTTON HOTBED Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecti (Continued fr om Pa ge 26) cut, and Vermont combined." Paul E. B arry of Harris, Burrows & Hicks of Chicago challenged the facts and presented information to the effect isfactory. I nasmuch as this variety gave that the combined land and water area indications of a higher yield p er acre of the states mentioned was 24,043 square and better lint yield at the gins than miles as against 18,628 miles, "or an ap Pima, the writer continued to plant it parent error of 29%". for two succeeding generations in c ol For which we thank Mr. B arry fo r his laboration with Messrs. Max Cottrell and RATTLER, C OILED NORMAN G. WALLACE interest in doing research in the matter Ray Saylor of Tempe. At the end of "The Sink Hole," a side trip by saddle, Ka-ibab Forest, near Jacob Lah, 28 ARIZODA HIGHUJAYS TIOVE:ffiBE:R, 1938 29 the Butte," and "Cow Poke's Christmas." FIESTA He pays tribute to that fine cowman and showman, Pete Knight, rodeo star, in "Champ." DEL SOL--1938 "It takes guts to stick when yo're settin' slick On a bronc that busts wide apart, (Continued from Page 9) An' to be the boss of a pitchin' hoss Takes a passel of brawn an' heart. When you leave the chutes on sunfishin' Already inquiries are pouring into the brutes Chamber of Commerce from prospective Ascratchin' from tail to nose, winter visitors asking for the dates of You jest cain't foresee what the breaks the Fiesta. Its fame has spread far and will be wide and many strangers will come to By the time the whistle blows." Phoenix to help us celebrate. Pete Knight was killed in a rodeo show, Instead of street dancing in just Plaza when thrown by a bronc. del Sol, there will be several blocks in He touches many subjects in Sagebrush different sections of the city set aside Strokes, and even does a piece called for celebrating. Mexican and Spanish "Heat." orchestras, who have been rehearsing for "The desert is steamin' with midsummer many weeks, will play from early evening heat to late at night for everyone to make An' most everything moves sorta slow, merry. The cows tromp along hardly raisin' Everyone in Phoenix, little folks, big their feet folks, old folks and young - will be dressed in Mexican costumes. Gay cab And the 32 ARIZODA HIGHWAYS DOVE:ffiBE:R, 1938 33 bling :ramadas at Headquarters. Sur highway a few years ago, one- ofthe most is designated as a National Park it still and· used for removing rock, although rounding them, utterly indifferent to the fruitful and profuse fossil beds in the remains one of the greatest natural at before large scale development can be grand company in which they found region was uncovered. This deposit i,; tractions in the United States, and a attempted the .installation of a freight themselves, were tourists from ·connecti of fossil plant remains. Very fine grained place where travelers come again and elevator will be necessary. Coconino cut and Florida, Oregon and California, sandstone holds within its folds the most again on their cross country trips. County, through its board of supervisors, and half a dozen states in between. Tired delicate ferns beautifully colored, show Magazines with national circulation is building a road to the entrance, and with their morning sightseeing they ing each fragile frond and even the seed find the Forest interesting enough to use federal help is being sought through rested and chatted there before the after bodies. The vivid red, brown and black as feature material and Robert Ripley either CCC in conjunction with the Na noon's journey. leaf impressions against the blue gray tional Park Service, or the WPA for the Across the Monument, leading from of the shale and sandstone is like a price construction of permanent stairways, one transcontinental highway to another, less etching. lighting and tourists' facilities. runs a surfaced thoroughfare that car So far the field of fossil study, both On the afternoon we went in, nature animal and plant life, is practically un was most considerate in showing us her Where prehistoric man lived and labored ries sometimes five hundred cars a day filled with visitors to the various points touched in the Forest. full play of wares. As we reached the foot of the shaft on our return to the this friendly old giant were its picture prehistoric peoples, at least a hundred of interest in the Forest. The Congres Stopping again at the Puerco River to surface, thunder could be heard rolling flashed on a screen before them. forsaken dwelling places within the sional caravan traveled this road past see more petroglyph."s;:·which stretch for in the distance. By the time we were boundaries of the Monument. We find the Second Forest with its .crystal filled miles along the cliffs of that region, the From the Museum the, .Congressional halfway up it, a cascade of mud and sea shells from the ocean here in the hollow logs on to the trail down and party looked over the huge ruined Indian party dropped back to ((. S. 260 and water greeted us. The stairs got slick, ruins, and chunks of obsidian from dis around the Eagle's Nest. This natural habitation behind the Greeting Station. drove the two miles along that road to has used the Agate Bridge twice as one of and before we reached the top, one of tant Yellowstone Park, and know that wonder is a tapering formation some There must be at least a hundred rooms the boundary line. From the road they his "Believe it or not," subjects. the members of our party did a beautiful other tribes came here to trade for the fifty feet high with a narrow stem sup there built around a court. Chips of could see the Agate House on a nearby J. B. Priestley, who seldom lacks words, man-on-a-banana--peel act, ending inglor petrified wood with which to tip their porting a table like top twelve feet across. flint like wood before the dwellings mute hills1de and in order to reach it they says : "In the afternoon we arrived at iously bottomside up in a mass of slush. hunting arrows and their war spears. For years a pair of eagle nested on the ly testify that an ancient arrowmaker followed the trail from Third Forest, the Petrified Forest-" After giving To greet us at the surface, a magnificient Further along the alluring trail that top of the rock. Close beside it wind plied his trade on the sunny hilltop. "The Forest Primeval"-througli a per his ideas about the museum and its col fect "log jam' to this unique building. wanders through the Third Forest are has carved a dainty figure with bustle and muff and Gibson Girl hat. We call lection he says : "We went into the Blue Per��ps a thousand or maybe twelvr great fallen logs deeply scarred with her the snow lady, and approve of her Forest. You can only stare, then pass hundred years ago some beauty loving fire, and it supports the theory that many taste in choosing a petrified Jog for her -0n and wonder ! " prehistories conceived the idea of build of them were felled by lightning fires footstool up there in the cliff a hundred LIFE, June 27, 1938, under its article ing· a home of the beautiful flint-like before earthquakes altered the landscape. feet above us earthly mortals. America : "Arizona. Tourists flock to petrified wood, and just such a home Broad stone steps lead to the top of one the Petrified Forest and the Grand Can of the fascinating gray marl mounds and There was a brief stop at ·Agate Bridge they did build ! .. .It had something like _yoll. Half as many visit the Petrified from its top one looks over acres and while adventurous members strolled non eight rooms, not counting the one shut Forest as the Canyon, and a good pro chalantly across the stone tree bridging off by a wall which formed the tomb acres of long logs lapping across each portion of these try to leave with pieces the forty foot deep arroyo. Cool water of one of their dead.- When, a few years other and piled in wild disarray. Some of petrified wood, which is forbidden." of these logs measure well over a hun pumped into the Wayside Shelter from ago, the ruined habitation was recon One surmis.es that LIFE thought; Ari dred feet even with the parts that are under a cliff nearby, cooled and refreshed structed by Dr. Mera of the Laboratory zona entitled to only one world wonder still buried or carried away by shifting the party, and gave them renewed inter of Anthropology at Santa Fe, New Mex since it so calmly apportioned Grand sandbanks. It is in this Forest that est in their task. A stairway now leads into the caverns ico, the hidden skeleton of this prehistoric Fern design in rocks.• Canyon to Colorado ! c.loset was carefully buried beneath a enormous logs are flattened by the weight Newspaper Rock, with its thousand In LIFE is not so far wrong, if that is rainbow lighted the sky across Aubrey repaired wall. Firepits and grinding of sand and silt deposited on them before dian symbols and figures, was a record The Painted Desert section, which is its supposition. Any state should be valley, bringing into sharp relief the stones are still in place in the floor of petrification. even the most learned Senators could the newest part of the Monument, was proud and satisfied to .contain such a junipers on the rolling hills, a sight al some of the rooms. And broken pottery At noon the party of Senators and their not read, and from there the road led to visited early in the afternoon when the priceless region as the Petrified Forest. • most as impressive as the cave itself. dots the hilltop. What fancies crowd companions lunched under the big ram- where, during the construction of the brilliant sunlight brought out every Back at Deer Lodge, Stan's service into mind _as we" look over those traces gleaming hue. Buried deep in the bad station on US 66, we pored over his col of vanishe'd peopie'; who lived and labored lands is a greater deposit of wood than COCONINO and loved perhaps just as we do today. is found elsewhere in the Petrified For lection of stalactites, "snow," onyx shale, est, and this wood is a different species. "ginger root," and other oddities that had come from the caverns. In his col "Hands built these walls. What hands? It is a brownish black and the deposit is CAVERNS l2ction was a fragment of an old saddle , Whose patient skill known as the Black Forest. A new five , tree, obviously American, with its iron Fitted those stones in smoothly-rising mile paved drive has been constructed ( Continued from Page 11) horn still attached. Stan explained that · tiers? around the rim of the desert with park with another similar one it . had been Who placed the ladders worn by climbing ing places at outstanding points. The found at the foot of the shaft, along feet same fascination that held the old Span with human and animal bones. Some of Who knows the riddles of forgotten ish explorers in thrall still draws hun so the work done to date has been entirely these bones are assumed fo be those of years? dreds of thousands of visitors to the by hand, a slow, tiring process, but one Indians buried there, but others may Painted Desert yearly. that will more than justify itself, when Once men who stood where we are stand prove to be white. According to history, On the rim of the Desert is being built the caverns are opened to all. ing now a number of years ago a mail train was a rambling pueblo type inn where trav Stan Wakefield, who has the lease on robbed in the vicinity, the two bandits Heard children shout, saw cooking fires elers can find rest and food while they the caverns, was most obliging in taking taking most of their loot in gold. The burn, feast their eyes and souls on the colorful us through, for he had just returned last time they or tne gold were seen, they And watched the kneeling women grind scene spread below them. This great from several hours with another party were riding at break-neck speed away ing corn. building is being constructed by CCC in the cave at the time we showed up. from the scene of the robbery. It is not Behind those walls men died and men boys and along with the timbers and While it was a real thrill to us, it was beyond the realm of possibility that they were born. stone placed there the boys are building just so much more work to him, and it were caught in a trap more clever than Why did men leave them, never to re self confidence and reliance and belief is real work to squeeze yourself through they set for the train-one that only turn?" in their ability to accomplish worthwhile small openings, over dusty rocks and nature could devise, the entrance to the things. The building will serve as a under stalactites that take a fiendish caves. At any rate, none of the gold has As those beautiful fancies of Gene Lind hotel and also as a ranger station and delight in scalping the unwary. been found, though it might easily ha ve berg's come to mind we think of the hun TOM IMLER, JR. museum. The windlass which was used in early washed into the lower levels of the cave, dred ruins of homes once occupied by HIGHW A'Y66-Through Winslow. Whether or not the Petrified Forest descents into the cavern's is still in. place and still be waiting there. Who knows? • .A.RIZOI1.A. HIGHUJ.A.YS DOVE:ffiBE:R, 1938 35 ARIZONA HIGHWAY COMMISSION NOTES missioner Ang!�, and unanimously car- , · , J'ieg, . ��at the _S_ tate Enti�eer be -given authority to have a s]l)eed limit.of thirty SEPTEMBER 20, 1938 five miles per hour set up on that portion The Arizona State Highway Commis of U. S. Highway 66- through the Petri- sion met in special session in its offices fied forest. - " - . in the Highway Building at 10 :00 A. M., . A le'tter from Calvin J. Martin, Lieu September 20, 1938. Those present were : tenant of the Indianapolis · Fire Depart Chairman Dowell, Vice-Chairman Angle, ment, expressing ap·preciati0n for the Commissioners Langmade, Scott, and courtesy and cooperation · extended to Seale, also the State Engineer, Howard drivers and visitors to Arizona by mem S. Reed, the Secretary, M. L. Wheeler, bers of the Arizona Highway Department, and Assistant Attorney General A. R. referring particularly to assistance ren Lynch. dered him by Marvin Follett, of Doug Bids were opened by Superintendent las, Arizona, at a time when he was ex of Equipment, R. J. Holland, on one periencing mechanical trouble with hfo Tandem Drive Motor Grader, gas pow car, was read by the State Engineer. ered, standard equipped, including pneu The communication was answered by Mr. matic tires, moldboard and scarifier, and Reed. Mr. Holland was requested to analyze the State Engineer Reed recommended to bids, tabulate them, and submit them for the Commission that a speed limit of sixty consideration of the Commission durinf;' miles per hour be adopted on the Ehren the day. berg-Wickenburg Highway. During the Upon recommendation of the State En discussion following, E. V. Miller, En gineer, who had received concurrence gineer of Plans, was called before the· from the Bureau of Public Roads, it was Commission and he made a report on the moved by Commissioner Angle, seconded Traffic Engineering Course he just com-. by Commissioner Seale, and unanimously pleted at Ann Harbor, Michigan. During' carried, that the recommendation of the the discussion of high speed, Mr: Miller State Engineer be accepted and the con advised the Commission of the speed tests tract on the Solomonville-Duncan high which have been made on 25 or 30 thou way, F. A. 77-C, (1) (1939) A. F. E. sand ·motor vehicles in the state. He rec 7016, be awarded to the low bidder, the ommended that something be done in a Tanner Construction Company, in the scientific way relative to speeds and sug amount of $128,437.31. ge_sted that the Wickenburg-Ehrenberg On recommendation of the State En Highway be used as an experiment, set gineer, a motion was made by Commis sioner Scott, seconded by Commission ting_ a maximum daylight speed of 60 Angle, and unanimously carried, that the NORMAN G. WALLACE miles per hour and a maximum night bids received for the sale of obsolete NORMAN G _. WALLACE speed of 50 miles per hour on this stretch equipment be awarded to the high bidder, Highway 70, near Coolidge dam- of road. Also, that each curve be analyzed as follows : HIGHWAY 66-Near Oatman and its top speed, up to the limit, be sign Item 1. One seven-foot Grader, Equip Item 4. One lot of old Tires and Tubes, letter from Assistant Attorney General ed and that a new type of no-passing ment No. 95, Adams Road King exactly 160 tires and 146 tubes, A. R. Lynch stating that in some respects eer Perkins was called be£ore the Com bid on one Tandem Drive Motor Grader zone be developed since the one type Serial No. 213, to I. J. White, to the General Tire Company, the proposed constitutional amendment mission and after same discussion, a mo be awarded to the lowest. bidder meeting the solid line-used at the present time Tempe, Arizona , in the amount Phoenix, Arizona, in the amount does not fit our present system. We, of tion was made by Commissioner Scott, the specifications; namely, the Brown is not adequate. of $37.50. of $227.50. course, have no state highway bonds and seconded by Commissioner Seale, and Bevis Company, on their bid covering In the light of the discussion, a motion Item 2. One No. 7 Milwaukee Concrete Item 5. One lot of old batteries, exactly a provision with respect to the payment unamimously carried, that the State En International P-30, in the amount of was made by Commissioner Seale, sec Mixer with rigid frame and 97 batteries, to Effron and of interest on the retirement of highway gineer be given authority to work out $3,830. onded by Commissioner Angle, and una steel wheels to Jules L. Ver Company, Phoenix, Arizona, in bonds could not possibly apply to our details on this request, the thought pre Upon request of Chas. J. Smith, Su nimously carried, that the speed limit on meerach, Phoenix, Arizona, in the amount of $49.47. state. Another objection which he con dominating that plenty of space should perintendent of the Petrified Forest Nat the highway from Ehrenberg to Wicken the amount of $25. State Engineer Reed, referring to the sidered serious is that the amendment be left to allow people to drive in and ional Monument, National Park Service, burg be set at sixty miles per hour for Item 3. One lot of scrap iron, approxi resolution discussed at the last Commis would authorize the application of rev cirle around the monument and not cre Holbrook,r----- Arizona,------a motion was made daytime and fifty miles per hour for-.,. mately 30 tons, to Effron and sion meeting concerning a proposed con enues collected to the construction, im ate a hazard to traffic on the highway. by Commissioner Scott, seconded by Com- night time, and signed accordingly. •· Company, Phoenix, Arizona, in stitutional amendment with respect to the provement, repair and maintenance of A letter signed by Fred Wilson, of the the amount of $3 a ton, or $90. diversion of gasoline taxes, presented a all public highways within the state, Grand Canyon-Boulder Dam Tours, Inc., which would, of course, mean county Boulder City, Nevada, expressing Con roads and city streets as well as state gressman James S. Scrugham's appre highways. Such an amendment, if follow ciation of the engineering and construc ed by a statute putting it into effect, tion of the Kingman-Boulder Dam high would upset the present distribution as way especially that section where it between the counties and state, and would enters the hills about thirty miles south probably be a variance from the rule set of Boulder Dam, was presented by the up in Section 12 of the Hayden-Cart State Engineer. Mention was also made wright Act. Mr. John Becker, represent of the splendid work the tourist bureau ing the National Highway Users' Con of the Highway Department is doing. ference, of San Francisco, appeared be The communication was ordered received fore the Commission and discussed with and filed. the Commission what is being done in The State Engineer presented for ap other states concerning the adoption of proval the sketch which is to be enclosed a constitutional amendment to designate with the 1939 license plates giving a highway funds for highway purposes, and brief history of Fray Marcos de Niza, of the possibility of introducing such an who was the first white man to set foot amendment in Arizona. on Arizona soil, and whose 400th anni ?•Ii/ ''-,-· The State Engineer presented a request versary is being observed in Arizona in - from President Lorenzo Wright, Marico 1939. It was suggested that a picture of ...s-< ¥-v ½Z_ pa Stake, Mesa, Arizona, transmitted by the rocks located in Apache and Mari President Jesse A. Udall, St. Joseph copa Counties on which inscriptions were Stake, of Safford, that consent be given made by Marcos de Niza and his expedi �-____::=::.--.-Ji.. to placing a monument, preferably on tion as they came through these counties, the right of way, of the highway east of and the vast difference between the dates __L Solomonville at approximately Station on the rocks, be shown on the pamphlet if DRAWN BY HAL EMPIE 539-50, F. A. P. 77-B. This monument possible. is of historical nature and in honor of Upon recommendation of the State En DRAWN BY HAL EMPIE Seth and Lorenzo Wright, victims of an gineer, a motion was made by Commis "I'll take the scalping knife but never mind the demonstration." Indian massacre in 1885. District Engin- sioner Angle, seconded by Commissioner 36 ARIZODA HIGHWAYS Scott, and unanimously carried, that the "Thet's Bronk Skinner off t' the rodeo-He all-us carries a extra hoss.!" DOV€ffiB€R, 1938 37 Route 19, Clifton-Alpine. Project be Road Projects Under Construction ■ ■ ■ gins approximately 45 miles north of Clifton and extends northerly 6.115 miles. � Work was started September 13, 1938 and is about 20% complete. E. F. Koch, DISTRICT NO. 1 DISTRICT NO. 3 Phoenix-Tempe Stone So., has contract 17% complete for the grading, draining, Resident Engineer. J. R. Van Horn, District Engineer R. C. Perkins, District Engineer aggregate base course and cutback road .• :,,;9,; mix of approximately 4.5 miles of the u Tanner Construction Company has Arizona Sand and Rock Co., has con Route 28, Fredonia-Houserock Valley :'· .... tract 98% complete for the widening of Ft. Huachuca-Bisbee highway, beginning contract 88% complete for the grading, at the town of Don Luis and extending Valley Highway, Coconino National 0 draining, A. B. C. �nd ( SC-4 ro�d oil the existing pavement with Portland ce southwesterly, F. A. 133-C ( 1) . Jack Forest. road mix) of approximately 2% miles of ment concrete and placing oil mix in Gilbert, resident engineer. the Phoenix-Prescott highway, beginning tersections on approximately 3.5 miles Fisher Contracting Company, Phoenix, thre miles south of the Wickenburg of the Mesa-Casa Grande Ruins highway, Arizona has the contract for grading ciwJ ,.,,"'�'if'� beginning at the south city limits of �� bridge and extending south, F. A. 59, 3r_d draining and placing base course surfac� Reo. Sch. No. 2. Joe de Arozena, resi Chandler and extending southerly. F. A. UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF "Strangers ain't welcome here-and I'll ing with light bituminous treatment on dent engineer. 97-H. (1). M. Kisselburg, resident engi AGRICULTURE BUREAU OF give you just six days to get outa sight" portions of Section C and D of Arizona neer. PUBLIC ROADS Forest Highway Route 28, Fredonia Warren Southwest, Inc., has contract Tanner Construction Co. has contract Arizona Forest Highway Route 3, Flag Houserock Valley. Project is located be 66% complete for the grading, dr�ining, staff-Glints Well. Project begins at the tween points approximately 3 and 16 aggregate base course and asphaltic sur 1 % complete for the grading, and drain ing of approximately 4.33 miles of the G. L. LANE, Senior Highway Engineer. south end of Mormon Lake and extends miles north of Jacob Lake. The length face treatment of 9.25 miles of the Hope 2.594 miles northerly. Work was started of roadway between these points covered Parker highway, beginning at the town Solomonville-Duncan highway, beginning W. R. F. WALLACE, Highway Engineer, about 18.5 miles east of Solomonville and August 15, 1938 and is abou.; 60% com by the project is 6.137 miles long. Work "The rates are $1.00 with the shower or of Parker and extending southeasterly, Supervising Engineer. plete. F. A. Bonnell, Resident Engineer. was started September 26, 1938. 75c without." F. L. H., 7-A. C. S. Benson, resident en extending easterly, F. A. 77-C. A. J. Gil gineer. bert, resident engineer. R. THIRION, Associate Highway Engin eer, Highway Planning Engineer. Route 7, Oak Creek Highway, Coconino Route 83, Catalina Mountain Highway, Approach to , _Grard Canyon National Fisher Contracting Co., has contract Park. Project begins at Jacob Lake and J. H. BRANNAN, Associate Highway National Forest. Coronado National Forest. extends south 1.278 miles. Wol'k was 34% complete for grading and draining Engineer, Supervising Engineer. the roadway, importing binder material, Lewis Brothers, Contractors, Phoenix, Project consists of grading and drain started September 8, 1938 and is about mixing binder and local material and oil 25% complete. C. R. Brasheal's·, Resident W. P. WESCH, Highway Engineer, Arizona, have the contract for construc ing of a highway on the south side of Engineer. processing the mixed material with MC-4 Bridge Engineer. tion of a steel arch bridge over Wilson the Catalina Mountains, between a point cutback asphalt on approximately 3 miles Canyon, about 27 miles southwest of approximately 17 miles northeast of Tuc of the San Luis-Yuma highway, begin W. J. WARD, Associate Highway Engin Flagstaff, Arizona on the Oak Creek BIDS OPENED. ning at the town of San Luis and exte1:d eer, Locating Engineer. Highway. The bridge will consist of a son, Arizona and Soldier Camp Ranger ing northerly. Non F. A. Oscar Maupin, main span of 240 feet and approach spans Station near the summit. The project Bids_w,ere opened on Septembel' 8, 1938 resident engineer. E. F. STRICKLER, Associate Highway totaling 100 feet. Work was started has been completed from the foot of the for grading, draining, and placing bor Engineer, Supervising Engineer. mountain to a point 8.7 miles toward the row backfill on a portion of Section B Oswald Bros. Contractors, has contract March 24, 1938 and is about 95% com of Arizona Forest Highway Route 17, 6% complete for the grading, draining, R. M. RUTLEDGE, Assistant Highway plete. A. W. Schimberg, Resident En summit. H. H. Woodman, Resident En Snowflake-Pinetop. Length of Project aggregate base course and oil processing Engineer, Office Engineer. gineer. gineer. 3.175 miles. W. E. Orr of Phoenix, Ari ( SC-4 road oil, road mix) of 1.5 miles zona submitted the low bid. of the Phoenix-Prescott highway, begin ning at the San Domingo Wash bridge BUREAU OF PUBLIC ROADS Route 19 Clifton-Alpine Highway, Crook Jacob Lake-North Rini Approach to and extending northerly, F. A. 59 (4) . PROJECTS IN ARIZONA Ncitional Forest. Grand Canyon National Park. Joe de Arozena, resident engineer. "Kin I help it if he yawned just as PROJECTS UNDER CONSTRUCTION * * E. L. Yeager has contract 1 % com I made a left jab?" All Arizona Engineel'ing and Con Fisher Contracting Company, Phoenix, IN ARIZONA SINCE 1900 plete for the grading, draining and bi struction Company, Clifton, Arizona, has Arizona, has the contract for grading, Route 3, Flagstaff-Glints Well Highway, the contract for grading, draining and draining and placing base course surfac tuminous treated base course of approx DISTRICT NO. 4 imately 4.75 miles of the Ajo-Gila Bend Coconino National Forest. placing cushion material on a portion of ing with light bituminous treatment on a Licensed* a*n d Bonded William R. Hutchins, District Enginee, Section B of Arizona Forest Highway section of the Jacob Lake-North Rim highway, beginning at Ajo and extending H. J. Hag'en, Globe, Arizona, has the northerly. F. A. 120-C (1) . H. Pinney, Pearson and Dickerson has contra0t contract for grading and placing heavy resident engineer. 84% complete for the grading, draining, crushed base course on Section F of AUTHENTIC INFORMATION A. B. C. and 90-95 road oil plant mix of approximately 13% miles of the Tucson ON ANY SECT*ION * IN ARIZONA \ .., Nogales highway, beginning about 83/4, �", miles south of Tucson and extending CATTLE RANCHES ·•-.... .:� southerly. F. A. 86-A., 3rd Reo. Dan • � :-. ,,,- Lyons, resident engineer. • CITRUS LANDS Packard Contracting Company has contract 85% complete for the grading, draining, aggregate base course and oil 0 DUDE RANCHES process ( S. C. 2, road oil road mix) of 6.1 miles of the Benson-Steins Pass high • DESERT LANDS ------�� way, beginning at the Arizona-New Mex ico state line and extending westerly, HOMESTEADS ------F. A. 130-B. Geo. Lang, resident engi • - -- -- .. neer. �- � 0 s� -.-=� BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES State forces have the grading, drain ing, and asphaltic surface treating 35% /1 .-; ·�- 't03 complete on approximately 20 miles of • CITY PROPERTIES ---'- � o--�:jf� � the Tucson-Florence highway, begin - ning 8 miles north of Oracle Junction, -) - and extending north (A. F. E. 8023) . D. J. Lyons, resident engineer. Tanner Construction Company has con tract 10% complete for the grading, Orpheum Theatre draining, aggregate base course and oil processing ( SC 2 road oil, road mix) of 2 miles of the Ajo-Tucson highway, be ginning at the Tucson-San Xavier Mis PHOENIX, ARIZONA sion road and extending easterly, F. A. "Rattle again, Pete, an' if he don't S. 110-F (1). J. M. Hobbs, resident en "Joe's work has deteriorated since he has commercialized himself." DOV€ffiB€R. 1938 39 38 jump this time, let 'im have it." gineer. ARIZODfl. HIGHWAYS .... Armco Asbestos Bonded Paved Invert Corrugated Pi pe IS THE RIGHT MATERIAL FOR HIGHWAY AND RAILWAY CULVERTS UNDER SEVERE CONDITIONS A tough, closely adherent pavement of a special bituminous material protects the bottom from wear and erosion, and the asphaltic coating is BONDED to the zinc galvanizing on the entire inside and outside by means of a fibrous asbestos layer which has been pressed into the partly molten zinc immediately after the culvert plate has emerged from the spelter bath. Thus the culvert is effectively protected under un usually corrosive conditions. 100 feet of 54" Asbestos Bonded, Paved Invert Pipe Replacing Wooden Bridge In alkali districts or wherever there is a high content of soluble salts, in streams drain ing evergreen forests, in salt or fresh marsh land these measures confer so much protection-so much additional service life as to far outweigh the moderate additional cost. W[SltRN MtTAL MANUfACTU RINfiCO. 1500 South Central Avenue P. 0. Box 1585 PHOENIX, ARIZONA NORMAN G. WALLACE CLAYPOOLis TUNNEL-Mia-nvi-Superior Highway. is so· fast the advance of motor traffic in Arizona that roads are constantly be,ing improved to stand the burden of the load. The Miami-Superior highway built in the early '20's, today the subject of a rebuilding progra,m. This view indicates the tremendons task and mission of highway engineers-to plan and build highways through the rugged mountains of Arizona, mountains of granite rock and ragged edges P. L. & R. Sec. 562 U. S.Paid POSTAGE PHOENIX, ARIZONA Permit No. 22 ARIZONIQUES With an enrollment of 750 stu Hano, Sichumovi, and W alpi, the dents representing 33 different three villages perched atop the pre tribes the United States Govern cipitous First Mesa in Hopiland, ment Indian School in Phoenix is though separated from each other one-•- of the largest of its kind in the by only a few steps, are distinct United States. in culture, tradition, and -•-in Hano, even race. For a quarter of a century after the establishment of a Post Office Horse Thief Basin, Phoenix's at Bisbee, all water was brought in municipal recreational area located g·oat-skin bags on .the backs of bur near Prescott, was called Horse ros,-•- from Tombstone, twenty-five Thief ranch many years ago be miles away. cause several noted characters made it a hide-out for traffic -•-in stolen The Sage Memorial Hospital at horses, it is said. Ganado is the only hospital within an area of at least 25,000 square miles that is unconditionally accredited by The Ice Caves at the base of Sunset Crater and San the American College of Surgeons and it also maintains the Francisco mountains, near Flagstaff which, a few feet only training school in the-•- United States for the training below the surface are filled with ice the year around, sup of Indian nurses. plied saloons and other establishments-•- in the eighties with their refrigeration needs. The Hopi is the only Indian-•- tribe in North America in which weaving is done by the men. The first house built in Prescott was named Old Fort Misery because Judge Howard here held court and dispen Five of the desperadoes who took part in the "Bisbee sed justice. The logs were recently-•- carefully taken down �nd Massacre" in 1884, were legally hanged simultaneously the old house rebuilt on the site of the Governor's Mansion. from one huge scaffold at Tombstone, and the sixth mem ber, given life, was taken from his jail cell and hanged by Tonto Natural Bridge, near Pine and Payson, is the a mob to a telegraph pole -•-behind the courthouse, previous largest travertine bridge in the world, a remarkable ex to the hanging of the other five. ample of limestone creation ; and is the only case in N 01;th America in which a valley has-•- been spanned by a travertme deposit. Palm Canyon in the Kofa mountains, proposed National monument near Quartzsite, is a precipitous canyon con Bisbee is said to be the largest town in the United States taining a profusion of native-•- palms, unique in Arizona and without postal delivery service, it being ou� of reason f�r one of the very few such growths in the United States. carriers to negotiate the dizzy-•- slopes on which the town 1s built and everyone goes to the Post Office for his mail. The world's only laboratory of tree ring research, a meth od of determining climatic cycles, dating of archaelogical The town of Yuma has had five names; San Dionisio, Con ruins, etc., by the annual rings of trees as a measure of the cepcion, Colorado Cit}'., Arizona City, then Yum_a and Cali passage of years, is set up at the University of Arizona, fornia possessed the site and collected taxes on it for years and is directed by the founder-•- of the method, Dr. A. E. before its annexation to ·New Mexico. Finally when Ari Douglass. zona was separated from New Mexico as a Territory in its own right, Yuma settled-•- down once and for all as an The first diesel-powered tractor ever placed on the integral part of this state. market was tested at the-•- Goodyear cotton acreage at Litchfield Park near Phoenix. The largest part of the Salt River Valley in the vicinity of Phoenix was cultivated. in prehistoric times and many The Pima long staple cotton,-•- grnwn in Southern Arizona remains of the ancient irri-•-gation systems still exist, in is said to be the finest in the world. many instances paralleling the modern systems. Fort Defiance, on the Navajo Indian Reservation, was Tombstone in the early eighties was a city equal in im the first military post established in what is now Arizona portance with San Francisco ; that within a few months in 1852. It was established-•- in defiance of, and to the following the heavy decline in the price of metal, Tomb Navajo Indians. stone's 14,000 population was-•- almost depleted, the site rel egating to a near ghost town. The old "Governor's Mansion," a log building still standing at Prescott, was Two of the statues of saints now at the first public building in Arizona. San Xavier Mission were said to have It is 40x50 feet and built at a cost of been taken from the mission at Mag approximately $6,000. The-•- nails are dalena, Sonora by a Papago woman said to have cost $1.75 a pound. who carried-•- the enormous load the entire 140 miles upon her back. The Government of Arizona Terri tory was first inaugurated on Decem Arizona has been under four flags ; ber 29, 1863 at Navajo Springs in the Spanish, Mexican, Confederacy, Apache County. and the stars and stripes of the United States. THE HIGHWAYS OF ARIZONA LEAD TO HEALTH AND HAPPINESS IN THE LAND OF SUN AND ENCHANTMENT