DOCSLIB.ORG

DERMATOPHYTOSIS ( Ti Ri ) ( Ti Ri ) (=Tinea = Ringworm)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
DERMATOPHYTOSIS ( Ti Ri ) ( Ti Ri ) (=Tinea = Ringworm) DERMATOPHYTOSIS (Ti(=Tinea = Ringworm) IInfection of the skin, hair or nails caused by a group of keratinophilic fungi, called dermatophytes ¨ Microsporum Hair, skin ¨ Epidermophyton Skin, nail ¨ TTihrichoph htyton HHiair, skin, nail DERMATOPHYTES IDigest keratin by their keratinases IResistant to cycloheximide IClassified into three groups depending on their usual habitat All three dermatoppyhytes contain virulence factors that allow them to invade the skin, hair, and nails Keratinases Elastase Proteinases DERMATOPHYTES IANTROPOPHILIC Trichophyton rubrum... IGEOPHILIC Microsporum gypseum... IZOOPHILIC Microsporum canis: cats and dogs Microsporum nanum: swine Trichophyton verrucosum: horse and swine… Zoophilic dermatophytes Microscopic characteristics of dermatophyte genera Microsporum Epidermophyton Trichophyton DERMATOPHYTOSIS PhPathogenesi s and Immuni ty IContact and trauma IMoisture ICrowded living conditions ICellular immunodeficiency Æ(()chronic inf.) IReRe--infectioninfection is possible (but, larger inoculum is needed, the course is shorter ) DERMATOPHYTOSIS Clllinical Cllfassification IInfection is named according to the anatomic location involved: a. Tinea barbae e. Tinea pedis (Athlete’ s foot) b. Tinea corporis f. Tinea manuum c. Tinea capitis g. Tinea unguium d. Tinea cruris (Jock itch) DERMATOPHYTOSIS Clini ca l manifestat ions ISkin: Circular, dry, erythematous, scaly, itchy lesions IHair: Typical lesions,”kerion”, scarring, “l“alopeci i”a” INail: Thickened,,fm, deformed, friable, discolored nails, subungual debris accumulation IFavus (Tinea favosa) DERMATOPHYTOSIS TiiTransmission IClose human contact ISharing clothes, combs, brushes, towels, bedsheets... (Indirect ) IAnimalAnimal--toto--humanhuman contact (Zoophilic) DERMATOPHYTOSIS Diagnos is I. Clllinical Appearance Wood lamp (UV, 365 nm) II. Lab A. Direct microscopic examination ((1010--2525%% KOH) Ectothrix/endothrix/favic hair DERMATOPHYTOSIS Diagnos is B. Culture Mycobiotic agar Sabdbouraud dextrose agar DERMATOPHYTES Iden tifica tion A. Colony characteristics B. Microscopic morphology Macroconidium Microconidium Microsporum----fusiform---------------(+) Epidermophyton clavateclavate----------------------------------((--)) Trichophyton-- -(few)cylindrical/ --- -- (+) clavate/fusiform single, in clusters DERMATOPHYTES Ident ificat ion C. Physi ol ogi cal test s I In vitro hair perforation test I Special amino acid and vitamin requirements I Urea hdlihydrolysis I Growth on CMA 11%% glucose medium I Growth on polished rice grains I Temperature tolerance DERMATOPHYTOSIS Treatment ITopical Miconazole, clotrimazole, econazole, terbinafine... IOral Griseofulvin Ketaconazole Itraconazole Terbinafine Routine Laboratory Turn Around Times Management of Cutaneous fungal infections. David Ellis, Mycology Unit, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Adelaide. www.mycology.adelaide.edu.au Organism Direct Micro Culture Identification Total C. albicans 24 hrs 48 hrs 3 hrs 2-3 days Other Yeasts 24 hrs 48 hrs 72-96 hrs 5-8 days Dermatophytes 24 hrs 14-28 days 1-28 days 14-42 days Other Molds 24 hrs 5-28 days 1-28 days 5-42 days REPORT OF LABORATORY INVESTIGATION “Medical Mycology” Patient’s name: Labno:Lab no.: Date: Sender: Source: Scalp scales/ scalp hair/ skin scales/ toenail/ fingernail/ toewebs/ groin/ … Ι- Direct Examination: □ KOH 10% preparation □ Blue de methylene staining □ Scotch tape method *Positive Result: Fungus elements present in skin, Nail and scalp: □ Typical dermatophyte hyphae breaking up into arthroconidia (Dermatophytosis) □ Branching filaments ((py)Dermatophytosis) □ Septate, branched hyphae and budding cells (Malassezia furfur or other Malassezia spp.) □ Budding cells in different size & shapes (Malassezia furfur or other Malassezia spp.) □ Pseudohyphae and budding cells (Candidiasis) □ Long filaments, small coccoid forms and rod-like organism (Corynebacterium minutissmum) □ Only Budding cells (Candida spp., Saccharomyces spp., or other true yeasts) Fungus elements present in scalp hair: □ spores outside the hair shaft (Ectothrix) □spores inside the hair shaft (Endothrix) □ mycelium and arthrospores inside the hair shaft (Favus) *Negative Result: □ Fungal elements not present. II- Culture: □ Fungus not Isolated. □ Specimen/ Culture Unsatisfactory. □ Organism(s) Isolated/ Identified: . Comment: Medical Mycologist (PhD) طريقه گزارش نتيجه آزمايش قارچ شناسی I Direct MicroscopyMicroscopy-- (KOH 1010%% pppreparation ): Typical dermatophyte hyphae breaking up into arthroconidia ((DermatophytosisDermatophytosis).). I Direct Microscopy-Microscopy- (KOH 1010%% preparation) : Typical dermatophyte hyphae is present. طريقه گزارش نتيجه آزمايش قارچ شناسی Direc t Microscopycroscopy-- (KOH 1010%% preparation) : Branching hyphae is present (compatible with Dermatophytic mycelium). Direct MicroscopyMicroscopy-- (KOH 10%ti)% preparation) : Typical dermatophyte hyphae is present. Direc t Microscopycroscopy-- (KOH 10%10% preparation) : Branching hyphae is present (compatible with DermatophyteDermatophyte).). Direct MicroscopyMicroscopy-- (KOH 10%10% preparation) : Typical dermatophyte hyphae is present. .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Estimated Burden of Serious Fungal Infections in Ghana
    Journal of Fungi Article Estimated Burden of Serious Fungal Infections in Ghana Bright K. Ocansey 1, George A. Pesewu 2,*, Francis S. Codjoe 2, Samuel Osei-Djarbeng 3, Patrick K. Feglo 4 and David W. Denning 5 1 Laboratory Unit, New Hope Specialist Hospital, Aflao 00233, Ghana; [email protected] 2 Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Biomedical and Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O. Box KB-143, Korle-Bu, Accra 00233, Ghana; [email protected] 3 Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kumasi Technical University, P.O. Box 854, Kumasi 00233, Ghana; [email protected] 4 Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Medical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi 00233, Ghana; [email protected] 5 National Aspergillosis Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital and the University of Manchester, Manchester M23 9LT, UK; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected] or [email protected]; Tel.: +233-277-301-300; Fax: +233-240-190-737 Received: 5 March 2019; Accepted: 14 April 2019; Published: 11 May 2019 Abstract: Fungal infections are increasingly becoming common and yet often neglected in developing countries. Information on the burden of these infections is important for improved patient outcomes. The burden of serious fungal infections in Ghana is unknown. We aimed to estimate this burden. Using local, regional, or global data and estimates of population and at-risk groups, deterministic modelling was employed to estimate national incidence or prevalence. Our study revealed that about 4% of Ghanaians suffer from serious fungal infections yearly, with over 35,000 affected by life-threatening invasive fungal infections.
    [Show full text]
  • Fungal Infection
    The Pocket Guide to Fungal Infection Second Edition Malcolm D. Richardson PhD, FIBiol, FRCPath Mycology Unit Department of Bacteriology and Immunology University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Elizabeth M. Johnson PhD Mycology Reference Laboratory Health Protection Agency Bristol, United Kingdom The Pocket Guide to Fungal Infection Second Edition To families and friends The Pocket Guide to Fungal Infection Second Edition Malcolm D. Richardson PhD, FIBiol, FRCPath Mycology Unit Department of Bacteriology and Immunology University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Elizabeth M. Johnson PhD Mycology Reference Laboratory Health Protection Agency Bristol, United Kingdom © 2005 Malcolm D. Richardson, Elizabeth M. Johnson Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd Blackwell Publishing, Inc., 350 Main Street, Malden, Massachusetts 02148-5020, USA Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ, UK Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia The right of the Authors to be identified as the Authors of this Work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. First edition published 2000 Reprinted 2000, 2002 Second Edition 2005 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Richardson, M. D. The pocket guide to fungal infection / Malcolm D. Richardson, Elizabeth M. Johnson. — 2nd ed. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-1-4051-2218-4 ISBN-10: 1-4051-2218-8 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction
    Notes Introduction 1. In the book, we use the terms ‘fungal infections’ and ‘mycoses’ (or singular fungal infection and mycosis) interchangeably, mostly following the usage of our historical actors in time and place. 2. The term ‘ringworm’ is very old and came from the circular patches of peeled, inflamed skin that characterised the infection. In medicine at least, no one understood it to be associated with worms of any description. 3. Porter, R., ‘The patient’s view: Doing medical history from below’, Theory and Society, 1985, 14: 175–198; Condrau, F., ‘The patient’s view meets the clinical gaze’, Social History of Medicine, 2007, 20: 525–540. 4. Burnham, J. C., ‘American medicine’s golden age: What happened to it?’, Sci- ence, 1982, 215: 1474–1479; Brandt, A. M. and Gardner, M., ‘The golden age of medicine’, in Cooter, R. and Pickstone, J. V., eds, Medicine in the Twentieth Century, Amsterdam, Harwood, 2000, 21–38. 5. The Oxford English Dictionary states that the first use of ‘side-effect’ was in 1939, in H. N. G. Wright and M. L. Montag’s textbook: Materia Med Pharma- col & Therapeutics, 112, when it referred to ‘The effects which are not desired in any particular case are referred to as “side effects” or “side actions” and, in some instances, these may be so powerful as to limit seriously the therapeutic usefulness of the drug.’ 6. Illich, I., Medical Nemesis: The Expropriation of Health, London, Calder & Boyars, 1975. 7. Beck, U., Risk Society: Towards a New Society, New Delhi, Sage, 1992, 56 and 63; Greene, J., Prescribing by Numbers: Drugs and the Definition of Dis- ease, Baltimore, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2007; Timmermann, C., ‘To treat or not to treat: Drug research and the changing nature of essential hypertension’, Schlich, T.
    [Show full text]
  • Fungal Infections from Human and Animal Contact
    Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews Volume 4 Issue 2 Article 4 4-25-2017 Fungal Infections From Human and Animal Contact Dennis J. Baumgardner Follow this and additional works at: https://aurora.org/jpcrr Part of the Bacterial Infections and Mycoses Commons, Infectious Disease Commons, and the Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases Commons Recommended Citation Baumgardner DJ. Fungal infections from human and animal contact. J Patient Cent Res Rev. 2017;4:78-89. doi: 10.17294/2330-0698.1418 Published quarterly by Midwest-based health system Advocate Aurora Health and indexed in PubMed Central, the Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews (JPCRR) is an open access, peer-reviewed medical journal focused on disseminating scholarly works devoted to improving patient-centered care practices, health outcomes, and the patient experience. REVIEW Fungal Infections From Human and Animal Contact Dennis J. Baumgardner, MD Aurora University of Wisconsin Medical Group, Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, WI; Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI; Center for Urban Population Health, Milwaukee, WI Abstract Fungal infections in humans resulting from human or animal contact are relatively uncommon, but they include a significant proportion of dermatophyte infections. Some of the most commonly encountered diseases of the integument are dermatomycoses. Human or animal contact may be the source of all types of tinea infections, occasional candidal infections, and some other types of superficial or deep fungal infections. This narrative review focuses on the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of anthropophilic dermatophyte infections primarily found in North America.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Mycology
    INTRODUCTION TO MYCOLOGY The term "mycology" is derived from Greek word "mykes" meaning mushroom. Therefore mycology is the study of fungi. The ability of fungi to invade plant and animal tissue was observed in early 19th century but the first documented animal infection by any fungus was made by Bassi, who in 1835 studied the muscardine disease of silkworm and proved the that the infection was caused by a fungus Beauveria bassiana. In 1910 Raymond Sabouraud published his book Les Teignes, which was a comprehensive study of dermatophytic fungi. He is also regarded as father of medical mycology. Importance of fungi: Fungi inhabit almost every niche in the environment and humans are exposed to these organisms in various fields of life. Beneficial Effects of Fungi: 1. Decomposition - nutrient and carbon recycling. 2. Biosynthetic factories. The fermentation property is used for the industrial production of alcohols, fats, citric, oxalic and gluconic acids. 3. Important sources of antibiotics, such as Penicillin. 4. Model organisms for biochemical and genetic studies. Eg: Neurospora crassa 5. Saccharomyces cerviciae is extensively used in recombinant DNA technology, which includes the Hepatitis B Vaccine. 6. Some fungi are edible (mushrooms). 7. Yeasts provide nutritional supplements such as vitamins and cofactors. 8. Penicillium is used to flavour Roquefort and Camembert cheeses. 9. Ergot produced by Claviceps purpurea contains medically important alkaloids that help in inducing uterine contractions, controlling bleeding and treating migraine. 10. Fungi (Leptolegnia caudate and Aphanomyces laevis) are used to trap mosquito larvae in paddy fields and thus help in malaria control. Harmful Effects of Fungi: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Standard Methods for Fungal Brood Disease Research Métodos Estándar Para La Investigación De Enfermedades Fúngicas De La Cr
    Journal of Apicultural Research 52(1): (2013) © IBRA 2013 DOI 10.3896/IBRA.1.52.1.13 REVIEW ARTICLE Standard methods for fungal brood disease research Annette Bruun Jensen1*, Kathrine Aronstein2, José Manuel Flores3, Svjetlana Vojvodic4, María 5 6 Alejandra Palacio and Marla Spivak 1Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1817 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. 2Honey Bee Research Unit, USDA-ARS, 2413 E. Hwy. 83, Weslaco, TX 78596, USA. 3Department of Zoology, University of Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales (Ed. C-1), 14071, Córdoba, Spain. 4Center for Insect Science, University of Arizona, 1041 E. Lowell Street, PO Box 210106, Tucson, AZ 85721-0106, USA. 5Unidad Integrada INTA – Facultad de Ciencias Ags, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, CC 276,7600 Balcarce, Argentina. 6Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA. Received 1 May 2012, accepted subject to revision 17 July 2012, accepted for publication 12 September 2012. *Corresponding author: Email: [email protected] Summary Chalkbrood and stonebrood are two fungal diseases associated with honey bee brood. Chalkbrood, caused by Ascosphaera apis, is a common and widespread disease that can result in severe reduction of emerging worker bees and thus overall colony productivity. Stonebrood is caused by Aspergillus spp. that are rarely observed, so the impact on colony health is not very well understood. A major concern with the presence of Aspergillus in honey bees is the production of airborne conidia, which can lead to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, pulmonary aspergilloma, or even invasive aspergillosis in lung tissues upon inhalation by humans. In the current chapter we describe the honey bee disease symptoms of these fungal pathogens.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Bacteriology and Bacterial Structure/Function
    INTRODUCTION TO BACTERIOLOGY AND BACTERIAL STRUCTURE/FUNCTION LEARNING OBJECTIVES To describe historical landmarks of medical microbiology To describe Koch’s Postulates To describe the characteristic structures and chemical nature of cellular constituents that distinguish eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells To describe chemical, structural, and functional components of the bacterial cytoplasmic and outer membranes, cell wall and surface appendages To name the general structures, and polymers that make up bacterial cell walls To explain the differences between gram negative and gram positive cells To describe the chemical composition, function and serological classification as H antigen of bacterial flagella and how they differ from flagella of eucaryotic cells To describe the chemical composition and function of pili To explain the unique chemical composition of bacterial spores To list medically relevant bacteria that form spores To explain the function of spores in terms of chemical and heat resistance To describe characteristics of different types of membrane transport To describe the exact cellular location and serological classification as O antigen of Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) To explain how the structure of LPS confers antigenic specificity and toxicity To describe the exact cellular location of Lipid A To explain the term endotoxin in terms of its chemical composition and location in bacterial cells INTRODUCTION TO BACTERIOLOGY 1. Two main threads in the history of bacteriology: 1) the natural history of bacteria and 2) the contagious nature of infectious diseases, were united in the latter half of the 19th century. During that period many of the bacteria that cause human disease were identified and characterized. 2. Individual bacteria were first observed microscopically by Antony van Leeuwenhoek at the end of the 17th century.
    [Show full text]
  • Tinea Capitis
    TPGC01.qxd 1/5/06 1:15 PM Page 4 Dermatophytosis Tinea capitis Tinea capitis due to Trichophyton tonsurans. Kerion due to Trichophyton verrucosum. Definition Tinea capitis describes infection of the scalp and hair with a dermatophyte. Geographical distribution World-wide, but more common in Africa, Asia and southern and eastern Europe, occurring mainly in prepubescent children. Increasing incidence. 4 TPGC01.qxd 1/5/06 1:15 PM Page 5 Dermatophytosis Hair infected by Microsporum gyseum showing large-spored ecothrix invasion. Macroconidia of Microsporum canis. Causal organisms and habitat • Several Trichophyton spp. and Microsporum spp. • Zoophilic M. canis (cats and dogs) is common in western Europe. • Anthropophilic T. violaceum is predominant in eastern and southern Europe and north Africa. • Anthropophilic T. tonsurans is increasing in prevalence, especially in North America. 5 TPGC01.qxd 1/5/06 1:15 PM Page 6 Dermatophytosis Microsporum canis in culture. • Anthropophilic species can be contagious and endemic. • T. schoenleinii causes favus. Clinical manifestations • Mild scaling lesions to widespread alopecia. • Kerion: highly inflammatory, suppurating lesion caused by zoophilic dermatophytes. • Black dot appearance seen with ectothrix hair invasion. • Favus is a distinctive infection with grey, crusting lesions. • Asymptomatic carrier state recognized, may promote spread of infection. • T. tonsurans and T. violaceum – most commonly implicated in the carrier state. • Minimal inflammatory response. • Low spore numbers. • Topical treatment
    [Show full text]
  • Dermatophytosis Due to Microsporum Nanum Infection in a Canine
    DOI: 10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n1p317 Dermatophytosis due to Microsporum nanum infection in a canine Dermatofitose por Microsporum nanum em um canino Marilia Avila Valandro1*; João Paulo da Exaltação Pascon2; Maria Lígia de Arruda Mistieri2; Irina Lubeck2 Abstract Miscrosporum nanum is a dermatophyte found in swine that causes non-pruritic lesions with desquamation, alopecia, and circular characteristics. M. nanum infection in dogs is rare and poorly understood in terms of its epidemiological and clinical features, and its therapeutic response. The present report describes a case of dermatophytosis due to M. nanum in a Dogo Argentino breed of dog that was used for wild boar hunting. The dermatophytosis presented with hypotrichosis, erythema, and non-pruritic desquamation in the back of the neck and chest area. The dermatophytosis was responsive to systemic treatment with itraconazole and topical (miconazole 2%) for 60 days. Thus, we conclude that the practice of hunting wild boar should be considered as a possible source of infection of M. nanum in the reported dog. The M. nanum infection showed clinical features that were similar to the lesions observed in swine, except for the absence of the circular pattern, and showed a good clinical response to the therapy. Finally, M. nanum should be considered as an etiologic agent of dermatophytosis in dogs that in some manner have had direct contact with domestic or wild swine. Key words: Dermatophytes. Dog. Therapy. Resumo O Miscrosporum nanum é um dermatófito encontrado em suídeos, promovendo lesões não pruriginosas, com características descamativas, alopécicas e circulares. A infecção de cães é rara e pouco compreendida em seus aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e terapêuticos.
    [Show full text]
  • Antifungals, Oral
    Antifungals, Oral Therapeutic Class Review (TCR) July 13, 2018 No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, digital scanning, or via any information storage or retrieval system without the express written consent of Magellan Rx Management. All requests for permission should be mailed to: Magellan Rx Management Attention: Legal Department 6950 Columbia Gateway Drive Columbia, Maryland 21046 The materials contained herein represent the opinions of the collective authors and editors and should not be construed to be the official representation of any professional organization or group, any state Pharmacy and Therapeutics committee, any state Medicaid Agency, or any other clinical committee. This material is not intended to be relied upon as medical advice for specific medical cases and nothing contained herein should be relied upon by any patient, medical professional or layperson seeking information about a specific course of treatment for a specific medical condition. All readers of this material are responsible for independently obtaining medical advice and guidance from their own physician and/or other medical professional in regard to the best course of treatment for their specific medical condition. This publication, inclusive of all forms contained herein, is intended to be educational in nature and is intended to be used for informational purposes only. Send comments and suggestions to [email protected]. July 2018 Proprietary Information. Restricted Access – Do not disseminate or copy without approval. © 2004-2018 Magellan Rx Management. All Rights Reserved. FDA-APPROVED INDICATIONS Drug Manufacturer FDA-Approved Indication(s) for oral use clotrimazole generic .
    [Show full text]
  • Managing Athlete's Foot
    South African Family Practice 2018; 60(5):37-41 S Afr Fam Pract Open Access article distributed under the terms of the ISSN 2078-6190 EISSN 2078-6204 Creative Commons License [CC BY-NC-ND 4.0] © 2018 The Author(s) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 REVIEW Managing athlete’s foot Nkatoko Freddy Makola,1 Nicholus Malesela Magongwa,1 Boikgantsho Matsaung,1 Gustav Schellack,2 Natalie Schellack3 1 Academic interns, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University 2 Clinical research professional, pharmaceutical industry 3 Professor, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University *Corresponding author, email: [email protected] Abstract This article is aimed at providing a succinct overview of the condition tinea pedis, commonly referred to as athlete’s foot. Tinea pedis is a very common fungal infection that affects a significantly large number of people globally. The presentation of tinea pedis can vary based on the different clinical forms of the condition. The symptoms of tinea pedis may range from asymptomatic, to mild- to-severe forms of pain, itchiness, difficulty walking and other debilitating symptoms. There is a range of precautionary measures available to prevent infection, and both oral and topical drugs can be used for treating tinea pedis. This article briefly highlights what athlete’s foot is, the different causes and how they present, the prevalence of the condition, the variety of diagnostic methods available, and the pharmacological and non-pharmacological management of the
    [Show full text]
  • Boards' Fodder
    boards’ fodder Medical Mycology By Adriana Schmidt, MD, and Natalie M. Curcio, MD, MPH. (Updated July 2015*) SUPERFICIAL ORGANISM CLINICAL HISTO/KOH TREATMENT MYCOSES* Pityriasis Malessezia furfur Hypo- or hyper-pigmented Spaghetti & meatballs: Antifungal shampoos and/or versicolor macules short hyphae + yeast PO therapy Tinea nigra Hortaea werneckii (formerly Brown-black non-scaly Branching septate hyphae Topical imidazoles or palmaris Phaeoannellomyces werneckii) macules + budding yeast allylamines Black piedra Piedraia hortae Hard firm black Dark hyphae around concretions acrospores Cut hair off, PO terbinafine, White piedra Trichosporon ovoides or inkin Soft loose white Blastoconidia, imidazoles, or triazoles (formely beigelii) concretions arthroconidia Fluorescent small Microsporum Canis KOH: spores on outside spore ectothrix: M. audouinii of the hair shaft; “Cats And Dogs M. distortum Wood’s lamp --> yellow Sometimes Fight T. schoenleinii fluorescence & Growl” M. ferrugineum+/- gypseum Large spore Trichophyton spp. (T. tonsurans in North America; T. violaceum in KOH: spores within hair Topical antifungals; PO endothrix Europe, Asia, parts of Africa). shaft antifungals for T. manuum, Tinea corporis T. rubrum > T. mentag. Majocchi’s granuloma: T. rubrum capitis, unguium T. pedis Moccasin: T. rubrum, E. floccosum. Interdigital/vesicular: T. mentag T. unguium Distal lateral, proximal and proximal white subungual: T. rubrum. White superficial: T. mentag. HIV: T. rubrum SUBQ MYCOSES** ORGANISM TRANSMISSION CLINICAL HISTO/KOH TREATMENT
    [Show full text]